histology of blood 2009.ppt [read-only]ocw.usu.ac.id/.../his127_slide_histology_of_blood.pdf ·...
TRANSCRIPT
Histology of BloodHistology of Blood
dr. Zulham, M.Biomeddr. Alya Amila Fitrie, M.Kes
Department of HistologyMedical Faculty, University of North
Sumatera20092009
Blood
Specialized Specialized connective tissue
Consisting of cells & plasma
Buffy coat
Hematocrite
Components separated by centrifugation if blood is collected in the
presence of anticoagulants
Plasma
Th fl id t f th bl dThe fluid component of the blood
Contain salts & organic compound (amino acids, lipids, vitamins, proteins & hormones)
In the absence of anticoagulant, cellular element + plasma proteins → clot in the test tube
The fluid portion from above → serum, i ll fib i f lessentially fibrinogen-free plasma
Cellular Elements
ErythrocyteLeucocyte
GranulocyteNeutrophilNeutrophilEosinophilBasophil
A l tAgranulocyteLymphocyteMonocyte
Platelets : not a cell
Erythrocyte / Red Blood Cells (RBCs)
Non-nucleated, Biconcave-shaped cell, ∅ 7-8 μm, 4-, p , ∅ 7 8 μ , 46.106/mm3
Lack organelles Consist only of a plasma membrane its Lack organelles. Consist only of a plasma membrane, its underlying cytoskeleton (→flexible) , Hb & glycolytic
enzymes
Circulate for 120 days, senescent RBCs are removed by phagocytosis or destroyed by hemolysis in the spleen.
Clinical significance : Cytoskeletal & Hb abnormalities, Erythroblastosis foetalis
RBCs & Reticulocytes
RBCs are replaced in the RBCs are replaced in the circulation by reticulocytes
Reticulocytes complete their Hbsynthesis & maturation 1-2 days y y
after entering the circulation
Reticulcytes account for 1-2% of circulating RBCs
Leukocytes / White Blood Cells
6000-1000/mm3
Categorized as Granulocytes (primary & spesific cytoplasmic granules) & p y p g )
Agranulocytes (primary granules only)
Leukocytes leave the bloodstream (diapedesis) & enter connective tissue
Granulocytes
Neutrophil Eosinophil Basophil
Multilobed nucleus, ∅ 12-15 μm. Lifespan varies, can be distinguished by their cytoplasmic granulesg y y p g
Neutrophil
Have a lobulatednucleus, usually
2-5 lobules
60-70% of Lifespan 6-7 h li 60 70% of
circulating leukocytes
hours, may live > 4 days in the
connective tissuey connective tissue
Eosinophil
Bilobed nucleus Granules : large,
refractile, stain red Bilobed nucleus refractile, stain red in blood smear
2-4% of circulating leukocytes
May also leave the circulation →
First line of defense against parasites &
participate in b h lleukocytes connective tissue triggering bronchial
asthma
Basophil
Bilobed nucleus, that b d b l
Granules : large, metachromaticobscured by granules metachromatic
cytoplasmic granules
Only 1% of circulating l k
May also leave the circulation →
connective tissue Play role in
immediate & delayed hleukocytes connective tissue,
resemble mast cells hypersensitivity
Agranulocytes
Lymphocytes Monocyte
Round or indented nucleus, contain only lysosomal-type, primary granules.yp , p y g
Lymphocyte
24-44% of circulating Nucleus : round &
li htl i d t dcirculating leukocytes slightly indented
Cytoplasm: basophilic,
appearing as a thin d h
Large lymphocyte (3% of all
lymphocytes 9-12
Small lymphocyte ( 97% of all
lymphocytes 6-8 rim around the nucleus
lymphocytes, 9 12 μm)
lymphocytes, 6 8 μm)
Lymphocyte
Monocytes
Nucleus : kidney-h d l ∅ 9-12 μmshaped or oval ∅ 9 12 μm
Cytoplasmicgranules are small
Circulate in blood 12-100 hours, then
enter connective
Connective tissue → macrophage
granules are small enter connective tissue Bone → osteoclast
Platelet
S ll t l i f t d i d f th Small cytoplasmic fragment derived from the megakaryocyte
Megakaryocyte → develop cytoplasmic projection → proplatelets fragment into plateletsproplatelets→ fragment into platelets
Central region (granulomere) : mitochondria, RER, Golgi app., granules
Peripher region (hyalumere) : microtubulus & microfilament → regulate shape & movementmicrofilament → regulate shape & movement
Th k Thank you…