histology of the spinal cord, nerve, sensory and vegetative ganglia
TRANSCRIPT
GREY MATTER: Nuclei andRexed laminae
WHITE MATTER: Tracts andfascicules
posterior funicule
anterior funicule
lateral funicule
posteriomedianseptum
anteromedianfissure
posteromediansulcus
white commissure
whitematter
posterolateral sulcus(for posterior radix)
anterolateral sulcus(for anterior radix)
SpinalSpinal cordcord: : cervicalcervical segmentsegment
posterior horn / sensory horn
anterior horn / motoric horn
SpinalSpinal cordcord cervicalcervical segmentsegment::HE (HE (SlideSlide 80) 80) vsvs. . myelinemyeline stainingstaining ((SlideSlide 81)81)
central canal
white commissure
posteromedian septum
Slide 80: Spinal cord, HE (low magnification)
Virchow-Robinperivascular
spaces+ artefact
ependyma
anteromedianfissureANT.
HORN
POST.HORN
centralcanal
posteromedianseptum
whitecommissure
AnteriorAnterior hornhorn: : DEITERSDEITERS neuronsneurons (( -- / / lowerlower motoneuronsmotoneurons))
Slide 80: Spinal cord,HE (medium magnif.)
Slide 80: Spinal cord, HE (high magnif.)
Deiters s neuron:- multipolar- cholinergic (acetylcholine)- it has A neurofiberneurofiber (120 m/s (120 m/s speedspeed spreadspread))-- innervatedinnervated byby anan interneuroninterneuron, , whichwhich regulatedregulated byby thethe
upperupper motoneuronmotoneuron, , calledcalled BetzBetz pyramidalpyramidal cellcell
nucleus
nucleolus
nucleus of glial cell
Slide 80: Spinal cord, HE (high magnification)
AnteriorAnterior hornhorn : DEITERS: DEITERS motoneuronmotoneuron
capillares(erythrocytes)
nucleus ofglial cell
MyelinMyelin stainingstaining: : DeitersDeiters motoneuronmotoneuronandand axonsaxons cancan be be seenseen indirectlyindirectly
Slide 81: Spinal cord, myelin staining (high magnif.)
White matter Grey matter
axon
myelin sheath
longsection
ofneuro-fibers
cross-section
of neuro-fibers
SensorySensory ganglionganglion
TypesTypes ofof sensorysensory ganglionsganglions
SpinalSpinal oror intervertebralintervertebral gangliagangliaSensorySensory gangliaganglia ofof thethe cranialcranial nervesnerves
V.: V.: GasserGasser / / trigeminaltrigeminal / / semilunarsemilunar ganglionganglion
VII.: VII.: geniculargenicular gglggl..
VIII.: VIII.: spiralspiral, , vestibularvestibular gglggl..
IX.: IX.: superiorsuperior, , inferiorinferior / / petrosalpetrosal gglggl..
X.: X.: superiorsuperior / / jugularjugular, , inferiorinferior / / nodalnodal gglggl..
NeurontypesNeurontypes ofof thethe spinalspinal ganglionganglion
pseudounipolarpseudounipolar neuron neuron LL ((largelarge)) andand SDSD ((smallsmall darkdark)) cellscells
ExceptExcept: : bipolarbipolar neuron neuron spiralspiral andand vestibularvestibular ganglionganglion
SpinalSpinal / / intervertebralintervertebral ganglionganglion
Slide 76: Spinal ganglion, HE (low magnif.)
Pseudounipolar (L and SD) neurons
+satellite glial cells
Neurofibers of theposterior root
(long sect.)
Paraneurium(outer connective tissue
capsule)
Slide 76 : Spinal ganglion, HE (high magnif.)
Neurofibers (l.s.)
Nuclei ofSchwann-cells
axon
Nuclei ofthe glia cells
Perikaryons of thepseudounipolar neurons
L
SD
SpinalSpinal GglGgl.: .: pseudounipolarpseudounipolar neurontypesneurontypes
SPSP
((substancesubstance--PP))GluGlu
((glutamateglutamate))MainMain neuroneuro--transmittertransmitter
protopathicprotopathicepicriticepicriticSensibilitySensibility
unmyelinatedunmyelinated, , CC--typetype ((slowslow))
myelinatedmyelinated, , AA--typetype
((fastfast))TypeType ofof
neurofiberneurofiber
smallsmalllargelargeContentContent ofof
neurofilamentsneurofilaments
homogenhomogen, , darkdarkheterogenheterogenStainingStaining
SD (SD (smallsmall darkdark) ) pseudounipolpseudounipol. .
neuronneuron
L (L (largelarge) ) pseudounipolpseudounipol. .
neuronneuron
AutonomicAutonomic nervousnervous systemsystem (ANS)(ANS)
Cranial psy ggll.Brainstem,
S spinal segmentParasymp.
NS
Enteral NSIntramural ggl.
Paravertebral ggl.,Praevertebrale ggl.
Th-L spinalsegment
SympatheticNS
(Post)ganglionarneuron
Praeganglionarneuron
Partsof ANS
-
Paravertebral ggl.or
Praevertebral ggl.
Intramural ggl.praeganglionic fiberpostganglionic fiber
Min. one periferic relay can be found!
No autonomiccenter can be
found!
SY autonomiccenter
= lateral horn
PSY autonomiccenter
= lateral horn
No autonomiccenter!
VegetativeVegetative GangliaGanglia
manymany, , inin alsoalso thetheentericenteric NSNS cancan be be foundfound, , belongingbelongingtoto vagusvagus nervenerve
(X.)(X.)
ciliarciliar gglggl. (III.),. (III.),
pterygopalatinalpterygopalatinalandand
submandibularsubmandibulargglggl. .
(VII.),(VII.),
oticotic gglggl. (IX.). (IX.)
coeliaccoeliac gglggl.,.,
supsup. . andand infinf. . mesentericmesenteric gglggl.,.,
aorticorenalaorticorenal gglggl.,.,
suprarenalsuprarenal gglggl.,.,
uterovaginaluterovaginal gglggl., ., etcetc..
cervicalcervical gglggl..
(2(2--3 3 pairspairs), *,), *,
thoracicalthoracical gglggl. .
(10(10--13 13 pairspairs),),
lumballumbal gglggl. .
(4 (4 pairspairs),),
sacralsacral gglggl. .
(4(4--5 5 pairspairs),),
imparimpar gglggl..
IntramuralIntramuralGglGgl..
CranialCranialGglGgl. .
PraePraevertebralvertebralGglGgl. .
ParaParavertebralvertebralGglGgl. .
ParasympatheticParasympathetic NSNSSympatheticSympathetic NSNS
* * stellatstellat / / cervicothoraciccervicothoracic gglggl. = . = infinf. . cervicalecervicale + + firstfirst thoracicalthoracical gglggl..
Slide 79: Vegetative ggl., Ag impregnation
Perikaryons of theMULTIPOLAR neurons
Neurofibers
DevelopmentDevelopment ofof thethe NeurofibersNeurofibers ((myelinatedmyelinated axonsaxonsoror dendrites) dendrites) inin thethe CNS, CNS, andand inin thethe PNSPNS
Redlich Obersteinerline / zone
SchwannSchwann -- cellcell
Oligodendroglia
SchwannSchwann-- cellcell
Oligo-dendro-
glia
Schmidt Lantermannincisure
NO Schmidt Lantermann incisure!
NerveNerve = = bundlebundle ofof perifericalperiferical neurofibersneurofibers::connectiveconnective tissuetissue layerslayers
Pia materPia materRoundRound thethe neurofiberneurofiberEndoneuriumEndoneurium
ArachnoideaArachnoideaRoundRound thethe funiculefunicule ((smallsmallbundlebundle ofof neurofibersneurofibers))
PerineuriumPerineurium
DuraDura matermaterRoundRound thethe nervenerveEpineuriumEpineurium
EpiduralEpidural connectiveconnective tissuetissue
((ifif itit existsexists))RoundRound thethe fasciculesfascicules andand
nervetruncsnervetruncsParaneuriumParaneurium
TransitionTransitionFlavourFlavourLayersLayers
NerveNerve
neurofiberneurofiber
funicule
funicule
SchwannSchwann --cellcell
myelinmyelinsheathsheath
BMBM
axonaxon
Epineurium
Perineurium
Endoneurium
ParaneuriumEpineurium
Perineurium
EndoneuriumFat tissue
artery, vein
Slide 72: Nerve, cross section, HE
Axon
Myelin sheath
Perineurium
Nucleusof Schwann-cell
Nucleus of Fibrocyte(in the endoneurium)
Slide 74: Nerve, cross section, Osmium
Perineurium
Endoneurium
Myelin sheath
Axon
Slide 73: Nerve, long section, HE.
Axon
nucleusof Schwann-cell
Nucleus of Fibrocyte(endoneurium)
Ranvier node
Slide 73: Nerve, long section, HE
node of Ranvier
Nucleus ofSchwann-cell
Slide 75: Nerve, Hm., Osmium
node of Ranvier
Axon
Myelin sheath