historical development
DESCRIPTION
ayurvedic historyTRANSCRIPT
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Dr. M. Shifa Pallie
Historical development of
Dravyaguna Vignana
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Content I. Ayurveda Avatharanaya (Origin of
Ayurveda)II. Where does Dravyaguna Vignana come
under Ashtanga Ayurveda?III. What is Dravyaguna Vignana IV. Branches of Dravyaguna Vignana V. Historical Development of DGVVI. Materia MedicaVII. Evolution of Dravyaguna Vignana
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I. Ayurveda Avatharanaya (Origin of Ayurveda)
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Maha Brahma
Daksha Prajapathi
Princes Ashvini
IndraDeva
Bharadvaja
Athreya , Dhanvantari, ….
Agnivesha Sushruta
Charaka
Ashtanga Ayurveda Ashtanga Ayurveda
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Lord Dhanvanthari the God of Hindu Medicine
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II. Where does Dravyaguna Vignana come under Ashtanga Ayurveda?
1. Shalya (Surgery)2. Shalakya (ENT)3. Kaya chikitsa (Medicine)4. Bhuta Vidya (Psychology)5. Kaumarabhrutya (Pediatrics)6. Agada Tantra (Toxicology)7. Rasayana Tantra (Rejuvenation therapy)8. Vajikarana Tantra (Aphrodisiac therapy)
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III. What is Dravyaguna Vignana?
Dravyaguna Vignana is the Science which deals with Drugs (Dravya), their properties(guna) and actions (Karma).
h;%dY%s;d# l¾u.=Kd# ldrKx iujdhs h;a'
;oa øjHhï"Yatrashrita Karmagunan karanam samavai yath thath Dravyam.
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III. What is Dravyaguna Vignana?(Cont’d)
Yatrashrita Karmagunan karanam samavai yath thath Dravyam.(Charaka sutra 1/51)The one which is a substratum of the qualities
and actions and which is a concomitant/related cause is the matter.
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III. What is Dravyaguna Vignana?(Cont’d)
Dravya (Drug)/ Guna (Property) Karma (Action)Asamodagam Depresses spasm of
the intestinesReduces spasm of the intestines/stomach pain
Kohomba/Margosa Antimicrobial Kills germs
Garlic Remove excessive cholesterol
Reduces cholesterol levels in the blood
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IV. Branches of Dravyaguna Vignana
• Various names and synonyms of drugs • Morphological characters
Pharmacognosy (Nama Rupa
Vignana)
• Properties of drugs (guna)• Actions of drugs (karma)
Pharmacology (Guna Karma Vignana)
• Uses of drugs in various diseases, doses & Anupana
• Pathyapathya
Theraputics (Prayoga Vignana)
Pharmacy (Bhaisajjya Kalpana)
• Collection and storage of drugs• Drug manufacturing
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V. Historical Development of DGV• From the total preoccupation with survival and complete dependence on natural elements of the primitive man, down through the ages of progressive freedom from such preoccupations, man's needs have expanded to matters more sublime such as religion, art and music.
•Thus, civilization was born. Like other records, early history of medicine is unclear. However, eight species of medicinal plants including Ephedra were found buried beside a man in a cave found in Iraq that has been dated back to the Neanderthal age 60 000 years ago, providing early evidence of the use of medicinal plants.
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V. Historical Development of DGV (Cont’d)
• The prehistoric discovery that certain plants cause harm and others have curative powers is the origin of the healing professions and its practitioners (priest, physician, and apothecary), as well as professions devoted to plants (botany and horticulture).
Saint Thomas Aquinas, Catholic theologian and philosopherHippocrates
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V. Historical Development of DGV (Cont’d)
• All civilization had their own traditional system of medicine.
- Chinese Traditional Medicine: Pan Tsao – 2735 BC- Ayurveda Medicinal System: India-2500 BC- Eber’s papyrus: recorded Egyptian medicines- eg. Castor oil, opium, pomegranate bark
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V. Historical Development of DGV (Cont’d)
• Ancient knowledge about the drugs
Chinese – 265People in Babylon – 300Persian – 584Egyptians – 700Avicenna – 760India – 1000
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VI. Materia Medica• It is a Latin medical term• M.M is the body of collected knowledge about
the therapeutic properties of any substance used for healing
• Term was used from the period of Roman empire – 20th century• At Present – PHARMACOLOGY
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The materia medica – 15th century
The Materia medica-12-13th century
Page from the 6th century Vienna Dioscurides, an illuminated version of the 1st century De Materia Medica
VI. Materia Medica (Cont’d)
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VII. Evolution of Dravyaguna Vignana
Evolution of DVG can be explained under 3 topics. They are –
1.According to time2.Literary Development3.Drug Classification
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• Wealth of the materia medica of a nation is the indication of its degree of civilization
• Civilization Adoptive stage
Adaptive stage
Creative stage
1.According to time
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•Used drugs as it is in natureADOPTIVE STAGE
•Preparation of drug according to environment and ones own taste
ADAPTIVE STAGE
•Innovation and Development of new drugs
CREATIVE STAGE
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