history as journalistic discourse in 19th-century british local newspapers
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Andrew Hobbs University of Central Lancashire, UK [email protected] @hobbb
Research assistance: Joanne Card
L'histoire comme discours journalistique dans les journaux locaux Britanniques du 19e siècle
History as journalistic discourse in 19th-century British local newspapers
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Diary of Thomas Tyldesley, Lancashire Jacobite officer, 1712-14
Transcribed and serialised in local newspaper, 1871
Revised and re-published as book, 1873
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Cette écriture de l’histoire était le produit d'un système complexe qui relie les histoires locales et nationales et la publication des journaux et des livres.
3 éléments:
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Des journaux Des livres Des historiens locaux
John Harland, antiquary, Manchester Guardian chief reporter
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Et alors?
• L'histoire est une partie de la langue du journalisme, un moyen journalistique de l'écriture
• La centralité de journaux et de magazines -- plutôt que des livres -- a l'édition du 19ème siècle montre les difficultés du terme «histoire du livre»
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The majority of periodical titles were provincial …
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The majority of periodical titles were provincial …
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(Stamp Returns, Newspaper Press Directory)@hobbb
Le journal provincial hebdomadaire - pas le journal quotidien de Londres - était le journal 19C typique
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1811: How much history in books?170 books and new editions published in 1890 (COPAC catalogue of copyright libraries and research university libraries, 10% sample)x average no. of words per book in that category (92,000 words)
= 16 million words of history in books
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1811: How much history in magazines?
Ladies’ Museum and Gentleman’s Magazine: average 193,000 words for 1811x no. of English magazines (approx 152 in 1811, Waterloo Directory, 50% sample)
= 29 million words of history in magazines
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1811: How much history in the local paper?
Liverpool Mercury (weekly): 12,000 words in 6 sampled issues= 174,000 words per yearx no. of English weekly newspapers (approx 150, Waterloo Directory 50% sample)
= 26 million words of history in local weekly newspapers
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1890: How much history in books?430 books and new editions published in 1890 (COPAC catalogue of copyright libraries and research university libraries)x average no. of words per book in that category (224,000 words)
= 96 million words of history in books
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1890: How much history in magazines?
Academy and Girl’s Own Paper: average 60,000 words for 1890x no. of British/Irish magazines (Eliot: approx 1,901 in 1890)
= 115 million words of history in magazines
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1890: How much history in the local paper?Lancaster Gazette: 52,000 words in 24 sampled issues (of total 104 issues per year)= 225,000 words per yearx no. of English weekly newspapers (approx 1000 in 1890)
= 225 million words of history in local weekly newspapers
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Estimated word count of historical writing by publishing platform, 1811 and 1890 (millions)
1811 1890Books 16 96Magazines 29 115English local papers 26 225
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Les contenus historiques dans les journaux locaux
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Genres Formats
Contexte historique à des reportages contemporains
‘Notes & Queries’ colonnes, écrites par les lecteurs
Chronologie Colonnes d'histoire dédiés et séries
Biographie , mémoires et souvenirs Rapports et résumés des conférences
Extraits de documents historiques Guides touristiques
Topographie Ecriture en dialecte
Folklore, légendes , coutumes et superstitions
Dessins, cartes, photographies, diagrammes
Architecture Poésie
Archéologie Fiction
Critiques de livres et extraits
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Terroir, le sens du lieu, créé émotionnellement par la mémoire
Introduction to local history columnBurnley Advertiser17 January 1880
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Les historiens amateurs
• Des amateurs-gentilhomme• Des enseignants• Des membres du clergé• Des hommes d'affaires• Des journalistes• Des personnes de toutes les classes sociales
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Joseph Gillow
Anthony Hewitson
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Des journaux aux livres: Gillow et Hewitson révisé leur édition Preston Chronicle du journal intime de Tyldesley, envoyés pour examen par les pairs, et publiés comme un livre du même bureau du journal - typique
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Transcribed and serialised in local newspaper, 1871
Revised and re-published as book, 1873
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Conclusions• Une grande quantité d' écriture historique a été publié dans la presse
locale , pour atteindre tous les niveaux de la société sans distinction de classe , de genre ou de l'alphabétisation• L'histoire locale a le pouvoir de rendre les lieux ordinaires sacré, à
donner un sens à des endroits éloignés des centres de pouvoir culturel• L'écriture historique est souvent un discours journalistique • Le journalisme est plus de nouvelles et le journalisme ne se produit
pas exclusivement par les journalistes• La «langue du livre" manque parfois le vocabulaire pour décrire les
complexités distinctives des journaux et magazines
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