history chapter 8 part 2 - towards self-government
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 8Part 2
First & Second Merdeka Talks 1959 election
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Comparison of
First Merdeka Talks vs
Second Merdeka Talks
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First Merdeka Talks
Led by David Marshall – the
first Chief Minister
David Marshall went to London to request from the British for full internal self-
government in 1956
The talks failedwhen the British
disagreed to Marshall’s demands
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Why were the British
unwilling to grant permission
to David Marshall for
internal self-government?
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The British felt that David Marshall would not protect their interestsand needs.
The British were unconvinced by David Marshall’sability to keep Singapore safe from the Communists.
British Singapore
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Second Merdeka Talks
Led by Lim Yew Hock – the second
Chief Minister
Lim Yew Hock led the administration
(government) to London in 1957 to re-negotiate with
the British for full self-government.
The negotiation was successful.
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Why were the British
willing to grant permission
to Lim Yew Hock for
internal self-government?
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The British showedconfidence in Lim Yew Hock’s administration
ReasonHe had managed to suppress the riots successfully in an effective manner.
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Result of Second Merdeka Talks
in 1957
Sngapore gained full control of all internal matters of government.
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Internal Security Foreign Affairs Defence
Compromiseon these areas
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Upon his return from London, he announced that
“Singapore would have internal self-government with an election in May 1959.”
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Branch of Government Areas of Responsibility
Executive LegislativeSingapore’s
internal self-government
British Shared responsibility
• Head of State or Yang-di-Pertuan
• Prime Minister• Local Ministers
51 members to be elected in the 1959 election
• Trade & Industry
• Health• Education• Finance• Housing• Law and
Finance
• External Affairs
• ExternalDefence
Internal Security
How was the government structure like after the 1959 election?
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Branch of Government Areas of Responsibility
Executive LegislativeSingapore’s
internal self-government
British Shared responsibility
• Head of State or Yang-di-Pertuan
• Prime Minister• Local Ministers
51 members to be elected in the 1959 election
• Trade & Industry
• Health• Education• Finance• Housing• Law and
Finance
• External Affairs
• ExternalDefence
Internal Security
How was the government structure like after the 1959 election?
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Branch of Government Areas of Responsibility
Executive LegislativeSingapore’s
internal self-government
British Shared responsibility
• Head of State or Yang-di-Pertuan
• Prime Minister• Local Ministers
51 members to be elected in the 1959 election
• Trade & Industry
• Health• Education• Finance• Housing• Law and
Finance
• External Affairs
• ExternalDefence
Internal Security
How was the government structure like after the 1959 election?
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Branch of Government Areas of Responsibility
Executive LegislativeSingapore’s
internal self-government
British Shared responsibility
• Head of State or Yang-di-Pertuan
• Prime Minister• Local Ministers
51 members to be elected in the 1959 election
• Trade & Industry
• Health• Education• Finance• Housing• Law and
Finance
• External Affairs
• ExternalDefence
Internal Security
How was the government structure like after the 1959 election?
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Branch of Government Areas of Responsibility
Executive LegislativeSingapore’s
internal self-government
British Shared responsibility
• Head of State or Yang-di-Pertuan
• Prime Minister• Local Ministers
51 members to be elected in the 1959 election
• Trade & Industry
• Health• Education• Finance• Housing• Law and
Finance
• External Affairs
• ExternalDefence
Internal Security
How was the government structure like after the 1959 election?
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The 1959 election was a
very important election to Singapore.
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Why?
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It was the first fully democratic election.• All the members in
the LegislativeAssembly were elected by the people.
Voting was made compulsory.• This to ensure people
took part in the election.
The Citizenship Ordinance passed in 1957.• Immigrants are
allowed to be citizens.
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1959 election
political parties
took part in this election.
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Candidates
194
Seats in the Legislative Assembly
51
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The ResultsBiggest Winner
People’s Action Party
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What made
PAP more popular
among the
other political parties?
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Perceived as honest and
incorruptible
Organised and United
A comprehensive
plan for Singapore
Supported by a large group of
voluntary helpers from
trade unions and Chinese schools
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Lee Kuan YewPAP’s leaderFirst Prime Minister
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Zubir SaidComposer of ‘Majula Singapura’
Lee Kuan YewPAP’s leaderFirst Prime Minister
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PAP formed the government
Zubir SaidComposer of ‘Majula Singapura’
Lee Kuan YewPAP’s leaderFirst Prime Minister
Yusof bin IshakHead of StateFirst President
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Singapore had yet to achieve independence as British still had control in certain areas such as
External Affairs and External Defence
However,
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Timeline of Important Events19
551955 electionLF won.David Marshall as Chief Minister.Hock Lee Bus Riots took place.
1956
The First Merdeka Talks failed.David Marshall resigned.Lim Yew Hock became second Chief Minister.Students’ Riots took place.
1957
The Second Merdeka Talks
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1958
The November 1958 Constitution
1959
1959 fully democratic electionPAP won the electionFormed government
1959
Internal Self-Government
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Recap
Hock Lee Bus
Riots
First Merdeka
Talks
Students’ Riots
Second Merdeka
Talks
1959 election
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