history-culture of sevilla

8/8/2019 History-Culture of Sevilla

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History andCulture of Sevilla

E3D

SPAIN


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History:Sevilla has been the evocation of old Europeanartists, especially during the Romantic era,

seeing in it a picturesque and beautiful place.Sevilla is one of the most important cities inSpain's history from ancient times it was related

in a first place with the culture Tartessian and,after its destruction attributed to theCarthaginians, Sevilla was the Roman city ofHispalis, it was in this point where it was builtthe colony of Italica.

During the Visigothic kingdom sometimes it wasthe court.

In Al-Andalus, after the Muslim invasion, was acapital Cora and after this it was a Taifakingdom.

In 844 it was sacked by Vikings sailing up the ro Guadalquivir, the

Emir of Crdoba decided to strengthen its defensesystem.

In 1248 it was joined the Christian Kingdom ofCastile and Leon, because it was conquered in thereign of Fernando III, who was the first to beburied in the Cathedral of Seville. Since then,Sevilla, resettled by the Spanish aristocracy, asthe capital of the Kingdom of Seville was one of

the cities with vote on cuts and housed theitinerant court on numerous occasions. During thelate Middle Ages the city, its port and its active colony of Genoesemerchants were placed in a peripheral but important position ininternational trade in Europe. At that time suffered dramatic,


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demographic and social economic upheaval as the Black Death of1348 or the anti-Jewish riots of 1391.

Following the 1492 Christopher Columbusexpedition to the New World (fromSeville's port), the results from hisclaiming territory and trade for the Crownof Castile (Spain) in the West Indiesbegan to profit the city, as all goodsimported from the New World had to passthrough the Casa de Contratacin beforebeing distributed throughout the rest ofSpain. A 'golden age of development'

commenced, due to being the only portawarded the royal monopoly for tradewith and riches from the growing Spanish colonies in the Americas.Since only sailing ships leaving from and returning to Seville couldengage in trade with the Spanish Americas, merchants from Europeand other trade centers needed to go to Seville to acquire NewWorld trade goods. The city's population grew to nearly a millionpeople in the first hundred years after Columbus. The city'sdevelopment continued, mainly due to its economical position in theKingdom of Castile, with the construction of public buildingsincluding churches, many of which are in Mudjar style. The Moors'Palace became the Castilian royal residence, the Alczar of Seville,with the monarchs only adding on for their own needs. The upperlevels of the Alczar are still used by the royal family as the officialSeville residence and are administered by the Patrimonio Nacional.The Gothic architecture of the Seville Cathedral was built during the15th century. Its Bell tower, the Giralda, was built up from the

Minaret of the original grand mosque.


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During the sixteenth century the city experienced great growth andtransformation and it was built some of the most importantbuildings of the center. The city center became a multicultural

center that would help the flowering of the arts, playing animportant role in the Century Spanish Golden Age. Then Sevilla wasfamous with the soap factories in the district of Triana, the craft ofsilk and the pottery from Seville. Coinciding with its most brilliantartistic moment, the Baroque, in the late 16th century the monopolywas broken, with the port of Cdiz also authorized as a port oftrade. The Great Plague of Seville in 1649 reduced the population byalmost half, and it would not recover until the early 19th century.

The revitalization of the city in the nineteenth century, withindustrialization and development of the Spanish rail network,coincided with the Romantic era.

During the twentieth century, inaddition to suffering therepression of the Civil War andthe subsequent militarydictatorship, it was the Latin

American Exhibition of 1929, theUniversal Exhibition of 1992 orhis election as the capital of theautonomous andaluza.

All rights from the pictures in history are reserved to Archivo de Indias


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Monuments related with the Culture:The University of Seville is housed inthe original site of the first tobacco

factory in Europe, La Antigua Fbrica deTobaccos, a vast 18th century building inBaroque style and the purportedinspiration for the opera Carmen.

Website:http://www.us.es/

The Plaza de Espaa, in Maria LuisaPark (Parque de Maria Luisa), was builtby the architect Anbal Gonzlez for the1929 Exposicin Ibero-Americana. It isan outstanding example of RegionalistRevival Architecture, a bizarre and loftymixture of diverse historic styles, suchas Art Deco and Neo-Mudjar andlavishly ornamented with typical glazedtiles.

In 1929 Seville hosted the Spanish-American Exhibition andnumerous buildings were constructed for the exhibition in thecelebrated Maria Luisa Park (Parque de Maria Luisa) design by Jean-Claude Nicolas Forestier. The Plaza de Espaa is an example ofmoorish styles, which helped create the U.S. Moorish Revival styleera, was designed by Anbal Gonzlez. It was built on the Park'sedge to showcase Spain's industry and technology exhibits.

The Ateneo de Sevilla ("Seville Atheneum") founded in Seville,Spain in 1887 by Manuel Sales y Ferr as the Ateneo y Sociedad deExcursiones ("Atheneum and Society of Excursions") continuestoday in that city as a cultural, scientific, literary, and artisticassociation.
http://www.us.es/http://www.us.es/http://www.us.es/http://www.flickr.com/photos/8230500@N04/http://www.flickr.com/photos/41334343@N02/http://www.us.es/


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Among its activities, it organizes Seville'sannual Cavalcade of Magi (initiated by theAteneo in 1918) and grants the literaryprizes known as the Premio Ateneo de

Sevilla. A gathering there on the occasion ofthe 300th anniversary of the death of thepoet Luis de Gngora y Argote is seen as theflowering of Spain's Generation of 1927.Members of the Ateneo have includedillustrious Sevillian politicians and writerssuch as Garca Bravo-Ferrer and Jos Mara

Izquierdo. Also, since the early 20th century the Ateneo has had a

section dedicated to chess, with such important figures as JoaqunTorres Caravaca and Juan de la Mata y Ortigosa in the 1920s and'30s, and Rafael E. Cid Prez, president of the Andalusian ChessFederation and organizer of the 1987 World Chess Championship inSeville, where competitors included Gary Kasparov and AnatoliKarpov.

Cultural Events:Bienal de Flamenco

The guitarist from Algeciras Paco de Lucia, isa regular at the Bienal.

The Bienal de Flamenco is a festival heldevery two years at Sevilla and is staged inthe various existing theaters in the city. Thefestival involved the most representative artists of flamenco song

and gives the opportunity for promising in this genre that isincorporated into the music scene for the first time. The firstBiennale was held in 1980 and in September 2008 was celebratedthe XV Bienal. The Bienal, has a series of shows related with theworld of Plastic Arts, theater, cinema, music and poetry.

Website:Bienal de Flamenco
http://www.bienal-flamenco.org/web2008/index.asphttp://www.bienal-flamenco.org/web2008/index.asphttp://www.bienal-flamenco.org/web2008/index.asphttp://www.flickr.com/photos/nachocubero/http://www.bienal-flamenco.org/web2008/index.asp


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European Film Festival Sevilla

The European Film Festival was born in Seville in 2001 initially asSports Film Festival in Seville and is currently organized (2008) bythe City of the Andalusian city. The basicobjective is the dissemination of European filmculture, with special attention to works ofemerging, giving entrance to the incorporationof new media of film expression. At the sametime, facilitates the meeting of the works ofnew artists and established artists that let youdisplay a broad perspective on the most recentand significant international productions. The

Festival also offers an annual meeting place forthe European film industry. In addition to thetwo competitive sections, a feature film anddocumentary, specific cycles programmed with certain authors, filmadvertising, seminars, concerts and other activities culturales.

Website: Festival de Cine de Sevilla

Feria del Libro

The Book Fair is held in the city during the spring months, is one ofthe most significant cultural events which take place in the city.Since 2002 the principal responsible fororganizing the Fair is Association Book Fair ofSeville (AFLS).

Each event is held with the presence ofprominent writers that present his most recentbook. A lot of important writers come to Sevillabecause is the second important event afterBarcelona.

Website:Feria del Libro de Sevilla
http://www.festivaldesevilla.com/http://www.festivaldesevilla.com/http://www.feriadellibrodesevilla.com/http://www.feriadellibrodesevilla.com/http://www.feriadellibrodesevilla.com/http://www.feriadellibrodesevilla.com/http://www.festivaldesevilla.com/


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Popular FestivalsSemana Santa and the Seville Fair, La Feria de Sevilla (alsoFeria de Abril, "April Fair") are the two most well-known of Seville's

festivals. Seville is internationally renowned for the solemn butbeautiful processions during Holy Week and the colourful and livelyfair held two weeks after. During Feria, families, businesses andorganizations set up casetas, marquees, in which they spend theweek dancing, drinking, and socializing. Traditionally, women wearelaborate flamenco dresses and men dress in their best suits. Themarquees are set up on a permanent fairground in which eachstreet is named after a famous bullfighter.

The Sevillanas dance, commonly presented as flamenco, is notthought to be of Sevillan origin. But the folksongs called Sevillanasare authentically Sevillan, as is the four-part dance that goes withthem.

Seville, and most significantly the traditionally gypsy barrio, Triana,was a major centre in the development of flamenco.


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Theatres:The Teatro de la Maestranza is an opera house located in Seville,Spain.

The theatre was conceived to be one of the main cultural venues ofthe Seville Expo '92, and the first performance took place in 1991,short before the inauguration of the International Expo. The theatrewas re-refurnished in 2005.

Although the Teatro de la Maestranza is mainly devoted to opera,there are also performances of Zarzuela (Spanish operetta) andother musical performances.

The resident orchestra is the Royal Seville Symphony Orchestra(ROSS) and the artistic director is Pedro Halffter. The theatre is theROSS main concert venue and the Choir of Friends of theMaestranza Theatre.

Website:Teatro Maestranza

The Teatro Lope de Vega de Sevilla is located on Avenida de MariaLuisa.

It was built in 1929, being the architect Vicente Traver and Thomas.It was constituted by the Casino and it was the Pavilion of the Cityof Seville to the Latin American Exhibition held in that year.

On October 28, 1929, the theater had been visited by the kings ofSpain, Alfonso XIII and Victoria Eugenia, who was attended anoperetta titled the host Sevilla. At that time was opened theBrothers comedy lvarez Quintero, Sevilla's elves.

Its architecture is baroque, the building remains true to the style, ofboth in the whole as in its ornamentation.

It has served as a place of representation of all types ofentertainment (theater, dance, opera, jazz, flamenco ...) and today,it is a place where do the program highlights of national and
http://www.teatromaestranza.com/http://www.teatromaestranza.com/http://www.teatromaestranza.com/


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international scene, making it one of the most important theaters inSpain, which is gaining year after year, quality and variety.

Website:Teatro Lope de Vega

Museums:The Museum of Fine Arts of Seville was established in 1835 in theformer Convent of la Merced. It holds many masterworks by Murillo,Pacheco, Zurbarn, Valds Leal, and others masters of the SevillianSchool, containing also Flemish paintings of the 15th and 16thcenturies.

Website:http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/museos/MBASE/?lng=en

Other museums in Seville are:

The Mara Luisa Park (Parque de Maria Luisa) contains twomuseums: The Archaeological Museum, which containscollections from the Tartessian and Roman periods, and the MuseumofTraditional Arts and Customs.

The Andalusian Contemporary Art Center:Website:Centro Andaluz de Arte Contemporneo

The Flamenco Art Museum

Website:Museo Baile Flamenco

The Bullfight Museum.The Palace of the Countess of Lebrija contains many of themosaic floors discovered in the nearby Roman town of Italica.

Website:Museo Palacio Condesa de LebrijaOther structures that are now museums are the Casa de Pilatos andthe "Centro Velzquez" located at the Old Priests Hospital.
http://www.teatrolopedevega.org/index.php/http://www.teatrolopedevega.org/index.php/http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/museos/MBASE/?lng=enhttp://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/caac/index.htmlhttp://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/caac/index.htmlhttp://www.museoflamenco.com/http://www.museoflamenco.com/http://www.palaciodelebrija.com/http://www.palaciodelebrija.com/http://www.palaciodelebrija.com/http://www.museoflamenco.com/http://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/caac/index.htmlhttp://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/museos/MBASE/?lng=enhttp://www.teatrolopedevega.org/index.php/


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Famous natives:Maria Antonietta of Spain, Queen consort ofSardinia (17291785)

Roman emperors Trajan and Hadrian wereborn in Italica

Renaissance composer Cristbal de Morales,Francisco Guerrero

16th century novelist Mateo Alemn

Playwrights Lope de Rueda, Hermanos AlvarezQuintero

Historian of New Spain Bartolom de Las CasasExplorer Juan Daz de Sols, born in Lebrija

Spanish Linguist and Grammarian Antonio deNebrija, born in Lebrija

Baroque painters Diego Velzquez, Valds Lealand Murillo

Explorer and astronomer Antonio de Ulloa

Renaissance poet Gutierre de Cetina

Romantic poet Gustavo Adolfo Bcquer

20th century poets:

Vicente Aleixandre (Nobel Laureate)

Antonio Machado

Manuel Machado, his brother

Luis CernudaComposer Joaqun Turina

Politicians as Felipe Gonzlez, President of theGovernment of Spain from 1982 to 1996, andAlfonso Guerra, vice president from 1982 to1991.


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Literature and television:The novel La femme et le pantin, ("Woman and puppet") (1898) byPierre Lous, adapted for film several times, is set mainly in Seville.

Seville is the setting for the legend of Don Juan (inspired by the realaristocrat Don Miguel de Maara) on the Paseo Alcalde Marqus deContadero.

Seville is the primary setting of many operas, a total of 114 operashave been wrote thinking in this city, the best known of which areBizet's Carmen (based on Mrime's novella), Rossini's The Barberof Seville, Verdi's La Forza del Destino, Beethoven's Fidelio, Mozart'sDon Giovanni and The Marriage of Figaro, and Prokofiev's Betrothal

in a Monastery.The episode "The Grand Inquisitor" in Dostoevsky's The BrothersKaramazov is set with Christ's return to Seville.

Seville appears in the first chapter of science fiction novel Ringworldby Larry Niven.

Arthur Koestler's book Spanish Testament is based on the writer'sexperiences while held in the Seville prison, under a sentence of

death, during the Spanish Civil War.Robert Wilson's police novel The Hidden Assassins (2006) concernsa terrorist incident in Seville and the political context thereof, withmuch local color. Note also his title The Blind Man of Seville (2004).

In movies:

The Plaza de Espaa in the Parque de Mara Luisa appears in George

Lucas' Star Wars Episode II: Attack of the Clones as well as inLawrence of Arabia as the British Army HQ in Cairo, while thecourtyard was the King Alfonso XIII Hotel.

The Plaza of the Americas also appeared in Lawrence, substitutingfor Jerusalem, and in Anthony Mann's El Cid. It would also serve as


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the Palace of Vladek Sheybal's Bashaw in The Wind and the Lion(1975) (including the memorable attack scene by the US Marines.)

Seville is given as the setting of part of the action on Tom Cruise'sMission: Impossible II, but wasn't shot there. The portrayal of theHoly Week in the film holds no link to reality.

The Patio de los Naranjos in the Catedral appears in Kingdom ofHeaven.

The Spanish translation of My Fair Lady's phonetic exercise "Therain in Spain stays mainly in the plain" is "La lluvia en Sevilla es unapura maravilla", "The rain in Seville is a pure marvel".

The surrealist film That Obscure Object of Desire, by director Luis

Buuel, features many scenes shot in Seville.The action comedy Knight and Day featuring Tom Cruise andCameron Diaz also filmed several action sequences in Seville.

GastronomySeville is a gastronomic centre, with a cuisine based on the productsof the surrounding provinces, including seafood from Cdiz, olive oilfrom Jan, and sherry from Jerez de la Frontera.

The tapas scene is one of themain cultural attractions of thecity: people go from one bar toanother, enjoying small dishescalled tapas (literally "lids" or"covers" in Spanish, referring totheir probable origin as snacks

served in small plates used tocover drinks.)

Local specialities include fried andgrilled seafood (including squid, cuttlefish, swordfish and dogfish),grilled meats in sauces, spinach and chickpeas, Andalusian ham


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(Jamn ibrico), lamb's kidneys in a sherry sauce, snails, andgazpacho.

Typical sweet cakes of this province are polvorones and mantecadosfrom the town of Estepa, a kind ofshortcake made with almonds,sugar and lard; Pestios, a honey-coated sweet fritter; Torrijas, friedslices of bread with honey; Roscosfritos, deep-fried sugar-coated ringdoughnuts; magdalenas or fairycakes; yemas de San Leandro,which provide the city's convents

with a source of revenue, andTortas de aceite, a thin sugar-coated cake made with olive oil.

Except for polvorones and mantecados, which are traditionalChristmas products, all of these are consumed throughout the year.

The Seville oranges that dot the city landscape, too bitter formodern tastes, are commonly used to make marmalade and lotions;according to legend, the trees were imported when the mosque wasconstructed in order to provide shade and mask the scent of the

medieval city. However, many tourists insist on trying the orangeswhich taste like sour lemons.

Links related with all the culture in Sevilla:

Bienal Internacional de Arte ContemporneoCasa de la Ciencia / Pabelln de PerCasa de la ProvinciaCastillo de San JorgeCentro Cultural Italiano de SevillaCentro de Estudios AndalucesCentro de las Artes de SevillaCentro Diego Velzquez de SevillaConsejera de Cultura. Junta de AndalucaConsorcio de Turismo de Sevilla
http://www.fundacionbiacs.com/fundacion/http://casadelaciencia.blogspot.com/http://www.casadelaprovincia.es/http://www.elcastillodesanjorge.es/http://www.centroculturalitaliano.com/http://www.centrodeestudiosandaluces.es/http://centrodelasartesdesevilla.blogspot.com/http://focus.abengoa.es/centro_velazquez/index.htmhttp://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/web/publico/index.jsphttp://www.turismo.sevilla.org/paginas_es/portada.asphttp://www.turismo.sevilla.org/paginas_es/portada.asphttp://www.juntadeandalucia.es/cultura/web/publico/index.jsphttp://focus.abengoa.es/centro_velazquez/index.htmhttp://centrodelasartesdesevilla.blogspot.com/http://www.centrodeestudiosandaluces.es/http://www.centroculturalitaliano.com/http://www.elcastillodesanjorge.es/http://www.casadelaprovincia.es/http://casadelaciencia.blogspot.com/http://www.fundacionbiacs.com/fundacion/


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Costurero de la Reina. Centro temtico del 29Diversia. Encuentro de Diversidad CulturalEncuentro del Cmic y la Ilustracin de SevillaFestival Alamedeando

Festival de Circo de SevillaFestival de Fotografa de SevillaFestival de Teatro SevillaFestival Escena MobileFestival Msica Antigua de Sevilla (Fems)Festival Perfopoesa SevillaFestival South PopFestival Spoken WordFestival Territorios SevillaFestival Zemos'98

Fundacin / Obra Social CajasolFundacin CruzcampoFundacin Cmara de ComercioFundacin Focus-AbengoaFundacin La CaixaFundacin Nao VictoriaFundacin Naturalia XXIFundacin Patrimonio Industrial AndalucaFundacin Reales Atarazanas Sevilla

Fundacin Tres CulturasFbrica de SombrerosInstituto de la Cultura y las Artes de SevillaJuventudes Musicales de SevillaModa de AndalucaNoche Larga de los Museos SevillaOrquesta Barroca de SevillaParque de Mara LuisaReal Orquesta Sinfnica de Sevilla

Reales Alczares de SevillaSaln Internacional de Moda Flamenca (Simof)Semana de la Moda de SevillaTeatro CentralTeatro Duque La ImperdibleTeatro QuinteroTeatro Salvador Tvora
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Teatro_Sala CeroTeatro_Sala La FundicinTorre de los Perdigones

Now do you know more about Sevilla?Come to Sevilla and see our culture.Don't doubt. Do the application.
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