History

Greek Mythology

Contents• What is Greek Mythology ?• The Gods• Mount Olympus• Kronos• Zeus• Hades• The Titans• Goddesses • Demi-gods• Mythological Creatures • Video• Quiz

What is Greek Mythology ?

• Greek Mythology is the myths and teachings that belong to the ancient Greeks, involving their gods and heroes and the nature of the world.

• Greek mythology has an big influence on the culture, arts, and literature of Western civilization and remains part of Western heritage and language.

The Gods• There are different types of gods there are the

higher ranked ones (the Olympians) and the lower ranked ones. There is the Titans also known as the elder gods which are the gods who ruled before the Olympians Overthrew them.

• There are 12 Olympian gods; Zeus, Hera, Poseidon, Demeter, Athena, Apollo, Artemis, Ares, Aphrodite, Hephaestus, Hermes and either Hestia, or Dionysus, Hades and Persephone where only included during the winter Solstice as they stayed in the underworld for the rest of the time.

• There where also 12 Titans ruled by Kronos, He came to power by overthrowing his farther and ruled in the Mythological ‘Golden age’

Mount Olympus

• In Greek mythology, 12 gods made up the council of twelve. They were the most powerful gods, the rulers of heaven and earth. Whenever the council met, they met on Mount Olympus. Except for Hades, who preferred his home in the underworld, each Olympian made their home on Mount Olympus.

• Hestia, the goddess of the Hearth was once on the council, but she grew tired of all the fighting and bickering among the gods. She was very happy to give her place to Dionysus, the god of wine, they share that place so sometimes Hera will be there and other Dionysus.

Kronos• Kronos was the leader and the youngest of the

first generation of Titans He overthrew his father and ruled during the mythological Golden Age, until he was overthrown by his own son, Zeus and imprisoned in Tartarus.

• In fear of a prophecy that he would be in turn be overthrown by his own son, Kronos swallowed each of his children as soon as they were born. Rhea managed to save the youngest, Zeus, by hiding him away on the island of Crete, and fed Kronos a stone wrapped in the swaddling clothes of an infant.

• He was the king of Heaven and the God of Time

Zeus • Zeus ruled the Olympians of Mount Olympus as a father rules

the family according to the ancient Greek religion. He is the god of sky and thunder in Greek mythology.

• Zeus is the child of Cronus and Rhea, and the youngest of his siblings. In most traditions he is married to Hera.

• After reaching manhood, Zeus forced Cronus to disgorge first the stone, then his siblings in reverse order of swallowing. As a token of their appreciation, the Cyclopes gave him thunder and the thunderbolt, or lightning, which had previously been hidden by Gaia. Together, Zeus and his brothers and sisters, along with the Gigantes, Hecatonchires(heck-a-tonk-hairs). and Cyclopes overthrew Cronus and the other Titans, in the combat called the Titanomachy. The defeated Titans were then cast into a shadowy underworld region known as Tartarus. Atlas, one of the titans that fought against Zeus, was punished by having to hold up the sky.

Hades• Hades was the ancient Greek god of the underworld the

unseen realm That the souls of the dead leave the world to go to. In Greek mythology, Hades is the oldest male child of Cronus and Rhea .

• According to myth, he and his brothers Zeus and Poseidon defeated the Titans and claimed ruler ship over the cosmos, ruling the underworld, air, and sea and also the solid earth.

• Hades obtained his wife and queen, Persephone, through trickery and violent abduction.

• Although he was an Olympian, he spent most of the time in his dark realm. Formidable in battle, he proved his ferocity in the famous Battle between the Olympians and the titans

• One ancient source says that he possessed the Cap of invisibility. His chariot, drawn by four black horses, made for a fearsome and impressive sight. His other ordinary attributes were the Narcissus and Cypress plants, the Key of Hades and Cerberus, the three-headed dog. He sat on an ebony throne

The Titans• The Titans where descendants of Gaia (Earth) and Uranus (Sky), that

ruled during the legendary Golden Age. They were immortal giants of incredible strength and were also the first pantheon of Greek gods and goddesses. The Titans were six elder gods named Kronos, Koios, Krios, Iapetos, Hyperion and Okeanos.

• Led by Kronos, five of the six brothers, laid an ambush for their father, seizing hold of him as he descended to lie upon Earth. Four of them, Hyperion, Krios, Koios and Iapetos--were posted at the four corners of the earth to hold Sky fast, while Kronos in the centre castrated him with an adamantine sickle. After they had seized control of the cosmos, the Titans released their storm giant brothers from Gaia's belly, only to lock them away shortly afterwards in the pit of Tartarus.

• Korons was the leader and the youngest of the first generation of Titans He overthrew his father and ruled during the mythological Golden Age, later he was overthrown by his own son, Zeus and imprisoned in Tartarus.

Goddesses• Hera was the wife of Zeus and the queen of the gods. She is the

goddess of weddings and marriage. She was extremely jealous of the many affairs of her husband Zeus. She took terrible revenge on the girlfriends and illegitimate children of her husband.

• Athena is the goddess of war and cunning wisdom. She is also the goddess of pot-making and wool-working. She is associated with the city, and almost every town in Greece had a sanctuary dedicated to Athena. She invented the chariot, the bridle and built the first ship. The olive tree is sacred to her.

• Demeter was the goddess of fertility and agriculture. She was an important goddess for farmers and women. Demeter was also associated with the underworld.

• Aphrodite is the goddess of love and beauty. She was the wife of Hephaestus but was in love with the war god Ares.

• Artemis was the goddess of hunting, archery and childbirth. She was also the goddess of wild animals and was normally portrayed as living in the countryside. She had the ability to send plagues or sudden death to mortals, but she could also heal them. She was the twin sister of the god Apollo.

Demi-Gods• A demigod is a supernatural being in classical mythology.

The term has been used in various ways at different times and can refer to a figure who has attained divine status after death, a minor deity, or a mortal who is the offspring of a god and a human.Demigod Mother/Farther

Heracles Farther: Zeus Mother: Mortal

Orpheus Farther: Oeagrus Mother: Calliope

Phaeton Farther: Apollo Mother: nymph Clymene

Kastor & Polyduekes Farther: Zeus Mother: mortal named Leda

Niobe Farther: Tantalus Mother: unknown

Mythological creatures• There are so many mythological creatures, there are

monsters, animals, Giants, Dragons, Drakons, Cetea and Automatons. Monster Mother/Farther Features

Typhon Son of Gaia, Mother of earth.

spat molten rock, and he had many writhing snake-like arms and legs.

Hydra children of Typhon and Echidna.

9 heads, and, if any one of them was cut off, another two would grow back in its place.

Minotaur offspring of King Minos's wife.

shaggy human from his legs to his neck, but his head was that of a bull.

Polyphemus Son of Poseidon and Thoosa (Nymph).

one eye which is placed in the centre of their forehead. massive human-like giant.

Video

How many gods make up the council at mount Olympus?

2

16

12

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Who are the parents of Zeus?

Hera and Dionysus

Aphrodite and Ares

Kronos and Rhea

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What is Artemis Goddess of?

Weddings and marriage

War and cunning wisdom

Hunting, archery and

childbirth

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What features does Typhon Have?

9 Heads

One eye in the centre of is forehead

Snake like arms and legs

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