History in a Nut Shell

Democracy~ For the people by the people

• Athens, Greece (Direct)• Roman Republic…(Indirect)

– like America

• Magna Carta~ limited the power of the King

• Constitutional monarchs=limited monarchs– Bill of Rights– Mary & William of Orange

Enlightenment/French Revolution• John Locke-

• Thomas Hobbes-• Montesquieu-• Fall of the Bastille• Tennis Court Oath/Reign of Terror…• Nap. Coup de etat• Napoleonic Code• Nap’s 3 mistakes….downfall

– Continental system, Peninsular War, Invasion of Russia• Congress of Vienna~ balance the power & restore the

monarchs• 100 Years

I.R.• People moving from the rural

area to the urban area– Urbanization (jobs)

• Machines…mass production (more food-less workers)

• Romanticism~ fake/imagination

• Realism~ REAL (Charles Dickens)– Influenced by I.R..

Imperialism~ Strong take over weak• More land (colonies)=more power• Industrialization=power• Berlin Conference (divide Africa)

– Britain/France most land– Ethiopia/Liberia~ ind.

• China…– Taiping Rebellion~ huge peasant rebellion– Boxer Rebellion~ kick foreigners out (failed)

• India’s Ind. from Britain– Mohandas Gandhi

Today

• Work on Review

• Complete missing assignments– All assignments are due by Wed 27th

• No exceptions

WWI 1914-1918• Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, and Italy.

(Central Powers)• Triple Entente: France, Great Britain, and Russia. (Allied

Powers)• Schlieffen Plan~ Germany’s 2-front war plan

– Failed-brought Britain in war, lead to trench war on w. front• Russian out Revolution-1917• US entered war for 2 reasons

1. Zimmerman telegram2. Unrestricted sub-warfare

• Paris Peace Conference– League of Nations-– Treaty of Versailles (peace=20yrs)

• Suffered territory/military losses, war reparations($) guilt clause, excluded from League of Nations

The rise of TotalitarianismThe rise of Totalitarianism

Italy~ Mussolini Fascism

Black ShirtsMarch on Rome

Invasion of Ethiopia

Italy~ Mussolini Fascism

Black ShirtsMarch on Rome

Invasion of Ethiopia

Germany~ HitlerNazism Gestapo

Mein KampfEnabling act

Appeasement

Germany~ HitlerNazism Gestapo

Mein KampfEnabling act

Appeasement

USSR~ StalinCommunism

CHEKA The Great Purge Five Year Plan

Collective Farms

USSR~ StalinCommunism

CHEKA The Great Purge Five Year Plan

Collective Farms

WWII- 1939-1945• Invasion of Poland=Started WWII• Axis Powers

– Germany, Italy, & Japan• Allied Powers

– Britain & France• The Fall of France• Battle of Britain~ Churchill “ we will

never surrender”• Operation Barbarossa~ Invasion of

USSR • Holocaust~ camps mostly in Poland-

killed 11 million total people

WWII (cont)• Pearl Harbor-• Japanese interment camps (FDR)• D-Day~ US troops landed on the beaches of

Normandy-began to drive Nazi’s back• Battle of the Bulge

– Hitler’s last attempt (failed)– Atomic Bomb (Truman)

• Nagasaki & Hiroshima

• United Nations• Article 9

• Japan cannot start war

Cold War 1946-1991

• US (capitalist) vs. USSR (Communist)• Truman Doctrine~ contain communism• Marshall Plan~ contain communism by giving $$$• Domino Theory (Eisenhower) if one falls to communist

all do• China~ communist• Korea~ divided 38th parallel• Vietnam~ communist• Cuba~ communist• US won