history of electronics electricity [read-only]
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
The History of Electronics
The men that came up with all those formulas, theories and laws we have to
know!
![Page 2: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
History of Electronics
�Ancient Rome had batteries (Did they know what they were doing?)
�Ancient Greece developed a knowledge of ‘Steam power’ (didn’t want to get their hands dirty!)
� Understanding started later�When should we start?
![Page 3: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Electricity
�Dozens of people Responsible �Research took several hundred years�Most theories/information developed by
1900
![Page 4: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Electronics
�Many individuals contributed�Electrical experiments and information built
the ‘base’ for Electronics�Associated with Wireless developments�Generally regarded as ‘starting’ about 1900
![Page 5: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
William Gilbert
� 1544-1603� Wrote De magnete� Researched Magnetics
& Static Electricity� Distinguished between
Magnetism and static electricity
![Page 6: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Leyden Jar
� Was the first Capacitor
� Developed by Pieter van Musscenbroech
![Page 7: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Benjamin Franklin
� 1706-1790� Writer and Scientist� Researched Electricity� Researched Weather &
Meteorology� Defined Positive &
Negative Charges� Had many other
inventions!
![Page 8: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Charles Coulomb
� 1736-1806� Experimented in
mechanical resistance� Developed Coulomb’s
Law for electrostatic charges
![Page 9: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Luigi Galvani
� 1737-1798� Studied effects of
electricity on Frogs!� Revealed animals had
and were effected by electricity.
![Page 10: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Alessandro Volta
� 1745-1827� Very Interested in
Electrical experiments going on in late 1700’s
� Invented the battery
![Page 11: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Hans Christian Oersted
� 1777-1851� Demonstrated that
electricity effected magnetism
� Initiated the study of Electromagnetism
� Discovered Aluminum
![Page 12: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Andre Ampere
� 1775-1836� French Mathematician
& physicist� Invented the Solenoid� Studied the effects of
electrical currents
![Page 13: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Georg Simon Ohm
� 1789-1854� Experimented with
Electrical circuits� Made his own parts -
including the wire!� Discovered OHMS law
- a relationship between current, voltage & resistance.
![Page 14: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Michael Faraday
� 1791-1867� Great pioneering
experimenter in electricity and magnetism
� demonstrated electromagnetic induction
![Page 15: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
James Prescott Joule
� 1818-1889� Discovered the Law of
Conservation of Energy� The unit of energy,
Joule, is named in his honor
![Page 16: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Gustav Robert Kirchhoff
� 1824-1887� Known for his work on
the Spectroscope� Developed Kirchhoff’s
Laws
![Page 17: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Sir Charles Wheatstone
� 1806-1876� Early work on the
telegraph, photography, & electricity
� Developed the Concertina (accordian)
� Found uses for the Wheatstone Bridge
![Page 18: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Early Wheatstone Musical Instruments
![Page 19: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Early Wheatstone Concertinas
![Page 20: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
James Clerk Maxwell
� 1831-1879� Wrote Treatise on
Electricity and Magnetism in 1873
� The equations in it explained Faraday’s Work and predicted Hertz’s work
![Page 21: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Heinrich Rudolph Hertz
� 1857-1894� Demonstrated the
electromagnetic radiation predicted by Maxwell
� First to demonstrate the photoelectric effect
![Page 22: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Wilhelm Rontgen
� 1845-1923� Discovered X-Rays in
1895� X-rays were used by
doctors within months � Max von Laue proved
they were electromagnetic in nature later (1940’s)
![Page 23: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Thomas Alva Edison
� 1847-1931� 1093 patents including
phonograph, incandescent lamp, much more
� Observed the “Edison effect” while inventing the electric lamp
![Page 24: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Edison 1882 Patent Lamp(carbon filament)
![Page 25: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Edison’s Kinetograph - the Motion picture machine!
The Sneeze -an image from the first film!
![Page 26: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
The Phonograph
![Page 27: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Nikola Tesla
� 1856-1943� Serbian-American� Inventor and Engineer� Invented: AC
generators, distribution system and AC induction motors
� Hated by Edison
![Page 28: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Guglielmo Marconi
� 1874-1937� Patented Radio
Telegraphy in 1896� 1901 transmitted
signals across the Atlantic Ocean
� Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909
![Page 29: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Marconi Receiving Station, Canada
![Page 30: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Marconi & an Early Radio Set
![Page 31: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Menlo Park LaboratoryWorld’s First Industrial Lab!
![Page 32: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
John Ambrose Fleming
� 1849-1945� Student of Maxwell’s� Worked for Edison then
Marconi� Invented the Fleming
Valve - the first electronic rectifier or diode (1904)
![Page 33: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
The Fleming Valve
The valve used in a circuitEarly Fleming Valves
![Page 34: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Lee De Forest
� 1873-1961� Held 300+ patents� 1906 - invented the
Audion tube, the first Triode vacuum tube
� 1912 cascade his tubes to increase amplification
![Page 35: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Lee Dee Forest’s Triode ‘Valve’
![Page 36: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Walter Schottky
� 1886-1976� Had multiple
Doctorates� Defined ‘shot noise’ -
random electron noise in thermionic tubes
� 1919 invented the multiple grid vacuum tube
![Page 37: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Edwin Howard Armstrong
� 1890-1954� Invented regenerative
feedback and electronic oscillators
� 1917 invented the superheterodyne radio
� 1933 patented FM radio (wideband)
![Page 38: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Harold Stephen Black
� 1898-1983� 1927 invented the idea
of negative feedback to improve distortion characteristics in amplifiers
No picture available (was probably feeling pretty negative about it anyway?!)
![Page 39: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Philo Taylor Farnsworth
� 1906-1971� 1922 (age 14!) invented
an electronic TV system
� 1927 patented his TV system
� Litigation with RCA ended in 1939-RCA agreed he won!
![Page 40: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
William Bradford Shockley
� 1910-1989� Worked with Brattain
and Bardeen on a team that invented the junction transistor
� Shared the 1956 Nobel prize with Brattain and Bardeen
![Page 41: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Walter H. Brattain
� 1902-1987� Worked on Radar
silicon detectors� Worked on the team
that invented the junction transistor
� Shared the 1956 Nobel Prize with Bardeen and Shockley
![Page 42: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
John Bardeen
� 1908-1991� Developed a theory of
quantum surface states of electrons which led to the invention of the junction transistor
� Shared in the 1956 Nobel Prize with Shockley and Brattain
![Page 43: History of Electronics electricity [Read-Only]](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071600/613d27c0736caf36b759f87a/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Where do we end?
This is really only the beginning - changes in electronics seem to be happening almost
daily!