history of eucalyptus in california history of eucalyptus ... · california (>16,000 ha, coast...

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History of Eucalyptus in California Blue Gum Eucalyptus in the Elkhorn Slough Watershed Ellwood Cooper, 1876 Sunset, 1909 Tasmanian Blue Gum Eucalyptus globulus ssp. globulus World’s most widely grown plantation tree? Portugal (238,000 ha, ~15%!), Spain (205,000 ha) Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Columbia, Peru Ethiopia, South Africa China, Southeast Asia California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks, firewood, paper pulp, oil, honey History of Eucalyptus in California Nursery introduction (1850s) Paradise must have trees Eucalyptus excitement (1870s-1880s) Fuel and fencing Eucalyptus boom (1905-1912) Hardwood famine The bust (1912) Scientific American, 1874

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Page 1: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

His

tory

of

Euc

alyp

tus

in C

alif

orni

a

Blu

e G

umE

ucal

yptu

sin

the

Elk

hor

n S

loug

hW

aters

hed

Ellw

ood C

oope

r, 1

87

6

Sun

set,

19

09

Tas

man

ian

Blu

e G

umE

ucal

yptu

s gl

obul

usss

p.gl

obul

us

Wo

rld

’s m

ost

wid

ely

gro

wn

pla

nta

tio

n t

ree

?P

ort

ug

al (2

38

,00

0 h

a, ~

15

%!)

, S

pa

in (

20

5,0

00

ha

)

Arg

entina, B

oliv

ia, B

razil,

Chile

, C

olu

mbia

, P

eru

Eth

iopia

, S

outh

Afr

ica

Chin

a, S

outh

east A

sia

Ca

lifo

rnia

(>

16

,00

0 h

a,

co

ast

an

d c

en

tra

l va

lley)

Ha

wa

ii (>

50

00

ha

), A

rizo

na

Austr

alia

(re

cently)

Use

s:

Win

db

rea

ks,

fire

wo

od

, p

ap

er

pu

lp,

oil,

ho

ne

y

His

tory

of

Euc

alyp

tus

in C

alif

orni

a

•N

urs

ery

intr

oduction (

1850s)

Pa

rad

ise

mu

st

ha

ve

tre

es

•E

ucaly

ptu

s e

xcitem

ent (1

870s-1

880s)

Fu

el a

nd

fe

ncin

g

•E

ucaly

ptu

s b

oom

(1905-1

912)

Ha

rdw

oo

d f

am

ine

•T

he b

ust (1

912)

Sci

enti

fic

Am

eric

an, 18

74

Page 2: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

Ove

rlan

d M

onth

ly, 19

09

Ove

rlan

d M

onth

ly, 19

09

Cal

ifor

nia

Sta

te R

ailr

oad M

useum

Page 3: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

Out

Wes

t, 1

90

9

Ove

rlan

d M

onth

ly, 19

09

Ove

rlan

d M

onth

ly, 19

09

Sun

set,

19

09

Out

Wes

t, 1

90

9

Page 4: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

Out

Wes

t, 1

90

9

Ove

rlan

d M

onth

ly, 19

09

The

Euc

alyp

t, 1

910

Ove

rlan

d M

onth

ly, 19

09

Out

Wes

t, 1

90

9

Out

Wes

t, 1

90

9

Out

Wes

t, 1

90

9

Page 5: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

Ove

rlan

d M

onth

ly, 19

09

Mad

roño

, 19

35

Ove

rlan

d M

onth

ly, 18

88

Blu

e G

um E

ucal

yptu

s in

the

Elk

hor

n S

loug

h W

aters

hed

•A

erial photo

gra

ph inte

rpre

tation

–1

93

1/1

93

7,

19

49

, 1

95

6,

19

66

, 1

97

1 (

b&

w)

–1

98

0,

20

01

(co

lor

infr

are

d)

•E

ight stu

dy s

ites (

500 h

a)

•B

iased

–B

igg

er

tre

es a

nd

be

tte

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ch

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ase s

tudie

s

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utlie

rs a

nd

exp

an

din

g s

tan

ds

19

31

Ve

ga

19

31

Page 6: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

19

56

19

56

19

56

19

80

19

80

19

80

Page 7: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

19

80

20

01

20

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Page 8: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

19

31

Bro

the

rs N

ort

h

19

80

20

01

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56

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Bro

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South

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31

Vie

rra

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80

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Page 9: History of Eucalyptus in California History of Eucalyptus ... · California (>16,000 ha, coast and central valley) Hawaii (>5000 ha), Arizona Australia (recently) Uses: Windbreaks,

19

31

Vie

rra

19

56

19

80

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01