history of mammography first proposed in 1924 article published in 1930 1960’s robert egan...
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HISTORY OF MAMMOGRAPHY
First proposed in 1924
Article published in 1930
1960’s Robert Egan considered the “Father of Mammography”
Also 1960’s Charles Gros developed 1st dedicated Mammo unit (Dose 8-12 rads)
1971 Xeroradiography (Dose 2-4rads)
IMPORTANT FACTS ABOUT MAMMOGRAPHY
Mammography is the most sensitive and accurate screening modality available for detecting early breast cancer.
It is not always diagnostically specific.
It complements but cannot replace regular physical exams and BSE.
STATISTICS: Breast Cancer
Most common cancer among women
Second leading cause of cancer deaths
ACS projects 212,920 new cases for women in 2006
Of these, 40,970 expected to die.
STATISTICS
One of eight women in the U.S. will develop breast cancer.
Approximately 50% of cancers detected at a screening are impalpable
9% of breast cancers are not detected by Mammography.
WHAT ABOUT MEN?
An estimated 1720 cases expected in men for 2006.
Approximately 460 men will die.
FREQUENCY
Age 35 for baselineNational Institutes of Health (NIH) states screening ages 40-49 every 1-2 years; every year over 50 ACS recommends every year after age 40Patients with strong family histories should start 10 years prior to age of family member with cancer.
LUMP SIZE
Average size lump found by occasional BSE is 2.5cm (1”)Ave lump found by Mammography is .5 cm (1/4”)(5yr survival 95%)On average, lesions detected by mammography are 8 years old.By 2 cm nodes are involved in 50-60% of the cases.5 year survival rate is 60%
RISK FACTORS
MAJOR RISK FACTORSGender, AgePersonal History of Breast or other CAFamily History
MINOR RISK FACTORSHormonal FactorsChild-bearingBody Shape/TypeBreast StructureEthinic Origin
DOSE
1969Patient dose 8-12 rads
1971Xeroradiography introducedDose 2-4 rads
1986 ACR recommends <300mrad per single view with grid
19944 view =.15 rads or 150mradsDental = 400 mradCA Therapy =500 rads
COMPARISON OF DOSE TO DAILY LIFE
The risk of death from developing breast cancer due to radiation received from a single mammographic examination is equal to the risk of:
Traveling 80 miles by air
Traveling 10 miles by car
Smoking 1/8 of one cigarette
11/2 minutes of mountain climbing
3 minutes of being a man age 60
Eating 40 TBSP peanut butter
EXPERIENCE
INITIALCertification or 40 hours of Mammography training.
25 supervised exams
CONTINUING15 CE every triennium
100 exams every year
REWARD
Relaxed environment
One on one patient contact
Saving lives
No call or weekends
Collapsed Envelope
11.5 Palpable Giant Fibroadenoma
LYMPHOMA
ARCHITECTURAL DISTORTIONLATE STAGE PALPABLE CA
INSPISSATED DEBRIS ANDDUCT ECTASIA
POST SURGICAL