HISTORY OF

August 26th 2015Capital College and Research Center

•What is cosmology?

•How did it all happen?

•When did it all begin?

•What is it all made of?

Titles :• Introduction to 'The Big Bang'

(TBB) and 'The Big Bang Theory' (TBBT)

• Explanation of 'The Big Bang'

• Age of the universe

Introduction • The universe started with a huge explosion 13

billion years ago. This explosion is called 'The Big Bang'.

• The Big Bang theory is basically an effort to explain what happened at the very beginning of our universe.

• The Big Bang theory says that, "The universe started with a cataclysm that created space and time and all the matter and energy that has ever existed in the universe.

• Georges Lemaitre was the first person to propose what became the Big Bang theory through his 'Hypothesis of the primeval atom'

• Scientists later built on his ideas to form the modern theory of the big bang.

Description Of The Big Bang (TBB)

• 12-14 billion years ago, the universe was hot, dense and only few mm across.

• The universe was created by a huge explosion, known as the big bang.

• Prior to the moment when the universe began there was nothing, during and after that moment , there was something. "Our Universe". TBBT explains what happened during & after that moment.

• After TBB occured, the universe was in an extremely hot and dense state and began expanding rapidly.

• The first electrically neutral atoms appeared thousands of years later. The first elements were hydrogen & small quantity of helium and lithium.

• 400 millions years after TBB, stars and galaxies were formed by combination of clouds of elements.

• Higher elements were formed either within the stars or during supernova and formed new stars and planets.

• 380,000 years after the big bang, the temperature of universe cooled down to the current temperature.

• It has since expanded to a vast and much cooler cosmos and it continues to expand and cool to this day.

AGE OF THE UNIVERSE

There are at least three ways that the age of universe can be

estimated:

The age of the chemical elements. The age of the oldest star clusters. The age of the oldest white dwarf

star.

→Edwin Hubble -Hubble's law→Galaxies appeared to be moving

away from us at speed proportional to their distance.

→By using Hubble's law and by working backward scientists can determine approximately how old the universe is.

• In physical cosmology , the age of the universe is the time elapsed since the Big Bang. The current measurement of the age of the universe is 13.798±0.037 billion years

• The uncertainty of 37 million years has been obtained by the agreement of a number of scientific research projects.

Thank You!

By:Alaka Acharya