history presentation year 1 sem 1 group work
TRANSCRIPT
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History Presentation
Group member:
Fam Jun Xiang 0900529Tan Yu Ling 0900682
Jess @ Ang Tzekie 0900654
Olivia @ Voon Siaw Yian 0900653
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Introduction of
TaoismTao--means pathor way
Taoism wayto follow this path
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Taoism
Religious FolkPhilosophical
Pertains to the
Celestial masters
movement during the
reign of Han Dynasty.
Chinese folk
religionBased on the texts
Tao Te Ching
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Principles of Taoism
Tao
De (te), Wu wei
Pu.
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Tao In English--means road,
pathway, channel or
doctrine. There are different
opinions given by variousexperts.
indefinable.
It is also thought to be thesource of existence andnon-existence.
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De (Te) Active expression of Tao.
Related to a complicatedconcept of 'De'- power,virtue and integrity.
Is the nurturing of the'Tao'- or the path.
Is inculcating the habit orimbibing the 'Tao'.
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WuWei literally means without action.
It is the central concept in
Taoism. not consider man's will to be
the basic problem.
Emphasizes that a humanbeing's will must be in
harmony with the universe.
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Pu Pu relates to simplicity and is
symbolic of the state of Wu Wei.
It epitomizes the state of pureperception sans prejudice.
It is supposed to be an inactivestage of receptiveness.
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Ethics:
Three Jewels of the Tao
are basic virtues in Taoism
Compassion
Moderation
Humility
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Where do Taoistsgo when they die?
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When you die,
still live, in the memories ofothers.
your essence reincarnates into anew form.
bounce back into your own life
and have the opportunity toexperience another variation ofyour life.
rejoin the universe and are onewith God if you believe in God.
discover so many truths exist
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Pantheon
Tai-shang Lao-chung - is adeified image of Lao Tzu
The Jade Emperor- is one ofthe most important gods ofthe Chinese traditionalreligion pantheon
Guan Yu- the god of honorand piety
Zhuang Zi- is one of the twomost famous primordial texts
of what can be called"philosophical Daoism
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Scripture:
Tao Te Ching
is widely considered to be the mostinfluential Taoists text
The opening lines, with literal andcommon translation, are:
-[Tao(way of path) can be said, notusual way]
The way that can be described isnot the true Way.
-[names can be named, not usualnames]
The Name that can be named isnot the constant name.
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Daozang
sometimes referred to as the Taoistcanon.Following the example of theBuddhist Tripitaka :
it is divided into three dong (caves,grottoes). They are arranged fromhighest to lowest. The Zhen(,texts included real or truth)grotto. Includes the Shangqing texts.
The Xuan (mystery) grotto.Includes the Lingbao scriptures.
The Shen (divine) grotto. Includestexts predating the Moashanrevelations.
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Lazio's Teaching
covers4
concepts
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Dao creates one (Dao Sheng Yi)Dao is a natural action, not following any linguistic direction
Dao itself is active
Dao creates a condition that is harmonious and natural
One creates two ( Yi Sheng Er)Harmonious condition gives rise to yin and yang
(2 antagonistic energies)
Interaction between yin and yang produces energy Qi which builds everything
Two creates three ( Er Sheng san)From yin and yang interaction, 3 big matters, (tian) heaven,(di) earth,
and (ren) human being are produced.
Three creates all creatures (San sheng wan wu)Consider all things and creature in the world.
Taoism give important of yin and yang.
Many people believe that their religious practices of Chinese today originatesfrom Taoism.
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TaoistSymbols and Images
There are many symbols andimages
looks like the cross inChristianity, and the wheel inBuddhism
Also known as the Bagua
(Eight Trigrams)
these symbols represent the
yin and yang.
Yin and yang make a backwardsS shape.
Yin, black or red on bottom,called later heavens; yang, whiteon top. Called early heaven.
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Represented-tiger and dragon
- balance opposites in theuniverse.
- recorded sun throughouta full year.
- Feminine and masculine.
- its formed earth andheavens.
- Soft and passive; hard andenergetic.
Since there is nothing purely black orpurely white, there is a small blackspot in the white side and a whitespot in the black side.
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Introduction ofConfuciasm
MasterKung Kung Fu Tzu
Themes 6themes
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Confucianism
is an Chinese ethical andphilosophical system.
Is developed from theteaching of
Confucius(Master Kung). Religion in EastAsian
country.
Country that stronglyinfluenced by Confucianism
China, Korea. Taiwan,Singapore, Vietnam, andminority at Japan.
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Kung Fu Tzu
born in 551 BCE, state of Lu.
Lived during Chou Dynasty.
Accumulated group of students.
Travel many state in china, to giveadvise of the rules.
Last years of he life, he spent back in
Lu. He deal primarily with individual
morality, ethics.
Is a protector of Chinese civilization.
He preserved elements of ancientChinese culture.
Creator of Chinese civilization. In china, and some others area ofAsia,
social ethics and moral teachings ofConfucius are mixed with Taoistcommunication.
There are approximately 6 millionConfucians in the world.
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Themes in Confucian thought
Rites
Relationships
Filial piety Loyalty
Humanity
The Gentlemen
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Rites is term ritual
Rituals were treated as acomprehensive system ofnorms.
Confucius himself tried to
revive the etiquette ofearlier dynasty.
After his death, peopleregarded him as a greatauthority on ritual
behaviours. Rituals are routines that
people often undergoknowingly in their life.
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Relationships
Individuals are held to
different degrees ofrelationship with different
people.
Such as junior in relation totheir parents and elders, and
as a senior in relation totheir younger siblings,students and others.
Juniors are reverence andservice to their seniors;
seniors also have duties ofbenevolence and concernthe juniors.
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Filial piety
Filial piety, Chinese as xiao. Is the greatest of virtues and must be
shown towards both the living and thedead (ancestors).
The term filial, meaning of a child.
This relationship was extended by analogy
to a series of five relationships:1. Sovereign to subject
2. Parent to child.
3 Husband to wife.
4. Elder to younger sibling.
5. Friend to friend
(The member of this relationship are equalto one another).
The main source of our knowledge of theimportance of filial piety is The Book ofFilial Piety.
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Loyalty
Loyalty, Chinese as zhong.
Relevant for the social class. he stated that students belonged
because the only way for anambitious young scholar to make hisway in the Confucian Chinese worldwas to enter a rulers civil service.
also an extension of ones duties tofriends, family and spouse. Loyaltyto ones leader came first, then toones family, then to ones spouseand lastly to ones friends.
Loyalty was considered one of thegreater human virtues.
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Humanity
Confucius was concernedwith people's individualdevelopment
Confucius' concept of
humaneness is probably bestexpressed in the Confucianversion of the (Ethic ofreciprocity) Golden Rule:"What you do not wish for
yourself, do not do toothers;".
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The gentleman
The term "Jnz" (Chinese:; literally "nobleman")is crucial to classicalConfucianism.
The ideal of a "gentleman"or "perfect man" is that forwhich Confucianism exhortsall people to strive.
A succinct description ofthe "perfect man" is one
who "combines the qualitiesof saint, scholar, andgentleman"
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CONFUSIANISM SCRIPTURES
Confucian Analects Lun Y.TheAnalects were a collection of
sayings written down by Confucius'students in the period approximatelyseventy years after his death.
Mencius
The second book in the Confucian
canon, the Meng-tzu, is named after itsauthor, also known as Meng K'o orMencius 371-289 B.C..
The Great Learning Ta Hseh.
The actual translation of the title of thiswork is 'Education forAdults'. The textwas written between 500 and 200 B.C.
The Doctrine Of TheMean ChungYung. This work, which is moremystical than the other Confucianclassics, is of unknown date.
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SCHOOL OF CONFUCIANISM
There are six schools:
-Han Confucianism
-Neo Confucianism
-Contemporary Neo
Confucianism
-Korean Confucianism
-Japanese Confucianism
-Singapore Confucianism
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TEACHING
Confucius taught that when societiesoperate under laws, people arepunished by authorities after havingcommitted illegal activities. Peoplegenerally conform to the laws,
often without necessarilyunderstanding the rationale behind
them. He promoted a different way: to
internalize behaviors so that actionsare controlled beforehand.
People then behave properly becausethey wish to avoid feeling shame andwant to avoid losing face.
In theory, the result is a reduction inthe number of coercive laws requiredfor smooth functioning of the society.
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PRACTICES
Confucianism does notcontain all of theelements of some other
religions, likeChristianity and Islam.It is primarily an ethicalsystem to which ritualsat important times
during one's lifetimehave been added.