hni · annual report hni 2001 fürstenallee 11 33102 paderborn phone: +49 5251 60 62 11 fax: +49...

Annual ReportHNI2001

Fürstenallee 1133102 PaderbornPhone: +49 5251 60 62 11Fax: +49 5251 60 62 12wwwhni.upb.de

HEINZ NIXDORF INSTITUTEUniversity of Paderborn

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HEINZ NIXDORF INSTITUTEInterdisciplinary Research Center for Computer Science and TechnologyFürstenallee 11, 33102 PaderbornPhone: +49 5251 60 62 11 Fax: +49 5251 60 62 12wwwhni.uni-paderborn.de

Members of Executive Board

Professor Group:

Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Wilhelm Dangelmaier, FB 5Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Gausemeier, FB 10Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Georg Hartmann, FB 14Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Keil-Slawik, FB 17Prof. Dr.-Ing. Joachim Lückel, FB 10Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Burkhard Monien, FB 17Prof. Dr. math. Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide, FB 17Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Franz Josef Rammig, FB 17Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Rückert, FB 14 (President)Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Sohler, FB 6Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Teich, FB 14Prof. Dr. phil. hist. Manfred Wettler, FB 2Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jörg Wallaschek, FB 10

Academic Staff:

Christof Krick, FB 17Christopher Odenbach, HNI-RB

Non-Academic Staff:

Sabine Illigen, FB 10

Student Group:

Christian Wunderlich

Members of Committee

Nominated by Stiftung Westfalen:

Wilhelm Ferlings, Mayor off Duty of PaderbornDr. Horst Nasko, Deputy Chairman and CEO of Board of SNI AG retd.Prof. Dr. Hartwig Steusloff, Head of Fraunhofer Institute Institute of Information and Data Processing Karlsruhe

Nominated by the University :

Prof. Dr. Dieter Haupt,Aachen University of Technology (RWTH Aachen)

Prof. Dr. Holm Tetens, Freie Universität Berlin

Prof. Dr. rer. pol. habil. Dr. hc. Wolfgang Weber, Rector of the University of Paderborn

Jointly nominated:

Prof. Dr. Otto K. Ferstl, Otto Friedrich University of BambergProf. Dr. Gunther Reinhart, Technical University of MunichProf. Dr. Klaus Waldschmidt, University of Frankfurt

Impressum:Impressum:

Publisher:Heinz Nixdorf Institute (HNI)University of Paderborn

Editors & Coordination:Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Volker BingerDipl.-Ing. Sebastian Wedmanemail: [email protected]

Contact:Kerstin HilleUrsula Lüttig


Graphic Design:A.DREIplus GmbHIntegrierte KommunikationsprozesseThesings Allee 2133332 Güterslohwww.a3plus.de

Period of Review: 01.01. until 31.12.2001

ISSN 1619-3679



Layout_HNI_2001_GB 18.03.2002 10:45 Uhr Seite 3

Heinz Nixdorf Institute Annual Report 20014

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Page 8

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ContentsContents

General Description

Profile of the Institute

Heinz Nixdorf Institute –

Development Focus

Statistics of the Institute

Statistics of the HNI Workgroups

Page 86

Page 107

Additional Activities

Publications

Fairs/Conferences/Seminars,

Prizes/Awards, Additional Functions,

Current Research Projects,

Current Industry Co-operations,

Scientific Co-operations and Spin-Offs

Impressum


Contents 5

HNI Workgroups

Business Computing, especially CIM

Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Wilhelm Dangelmaier

Computer Integrated Manufacturing

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Gausemeier

Computers and Society

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Keil-Slawik

Theoretical Computer Science: Algorithms, Complexity Theory, Parallel Computing

Prof. Dr. math. Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide

Design of Distributed Systems

Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Franz Josef Rammig

System and Circuit Technology

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Rückert

Mechatronics and Dynamics

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jörg Wallaschek

Electrical Engineering

Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Georg Hartmann

Mechatronics Laboratory Paderborn

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Joachim Lückel

Parallel Computing

Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Burkhard Monien

Applied Physics/Integrated Optics

Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Sohler

Computer Engineering Laboratory

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Teich

Cognitive Psychology

Prof. Dr. phil. hist. Manfred Wettler

HNI Computer Operation

Dipl.-Ing. Christopher Odenbach

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Associated

Workgroups



Heinz Nixdorf


Profile of the Institute 7

We are currently experiencing the evolu-tion from national industrial societies to aglobal information society. Information andcommunication technology is affecting allareas of life: the boundaries we knew inthe past are no longer relevant. Yet we arealso noticing that fewer and fewer peopleare being employed in the more traditionalsectors of industry, which is why manyregard the current transition as a threatand would rather preserve the status quo.However, the progression to a global infor-mation society offers many opportunitiesand much scope for creativity: New profi-ciencies and workplaces are continuing toemerge.

Our research aims to provide decisiveimpetus for new products and services forthe global markets of tomorrow. We hopethat our work will allow new workplaces tobe created and prosperity to be maintained.

The problems we have to solve arecomplex. There are numerous influencesthat must be considered from areas such asnatural sciences, technology, economics,ecology and the social environment. We areworking in an inter-disciplinary waybecause we see that this offers the bestpossibility to find solutions for complexproblems. In this regard, we want to be rec-ognized as a top international player in thefield of research and training.

We are intensely committed to trainingand educating our students and graduatesand giving them the necessary qualifica-tions so that they can help shape thefuture. In this way, we are following thevision of Heinz Nixdorf, the founder of ourinstitute.

Profile of the Institute



The dynamic development of technologiessuch as information and communicationtechnology, new materials, microelectronicsand microsystems technology offers newand attractive opportunities for Germanyas an economic region. More than ever, it isessential to translate academic and eco-nomic potential into successful productand service innovations. The close dovetail-ing of research and industry is an absoluteprerequisite in this regard.

Heinz Nixdorf recognized this trendearly on. His vision was to create a closerlink between industry and university sothat the challenges of the future could betackled through cooperations and workablesolutions could be found. The signing of acontract on July 23, 1987 laid the founda-tion for one of the largest, independentresearch institutes for information sciencein Germany: The Heinz Nixdorf Institute –an interdisciplinary research center forinformation science and information tech-nology. A special feature of the Heinz Nix-dorf Institute is the close cooperation

between the disciplines of information sci-ence, natural science, engineering and eco-nomics, with certain aspects of social andcultural science also being brought to bear.A particular trend is set in this extensivefield through the concentration on fourkey working areas.

Technology for the information

age:

Modern technical systems such as theproducts of mechanical and automobileengineering are already influenced deci-sively today by information technology. Therapid development of information technol-ogy offers incredible innovation potentialtoward systems with inherent partial intel-ligence. Tapping this innovation potential isone of the primary issues concerning theHeinz Nixdorf Institute. Accordingly, one ofits special competencies has been thedesign of mechatronic systems.

Heinz Nixdorf Institute – Development Focus

Sou

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Development Focus 9

Computer networks – the high-per-

formance computers of the future:

The improved performance that oneexpects with microprocessors will often notbe sufficient to meet the needs of newapplication areas. What is needed here arenew computer architectures. One possibilityto increase performance is to have a num-ber of processors working simultaneouslyand in parallel on resolving a problem. Thechallenge here is to explore new architec-tures and communication strategies forload balancing and data distribution aswell as new parallel algorithms. A coreactivity in this regard is the special researchinitiative 376 “Massive Parallelism: Algo-rithms, Design methods, Applications”.

Multimedia – Interactive systems

and cooperative media:

The opportunities offered by informationand communication technology seem onlyto be constrained by our imagination.Hence, the catchword Cyberspace offersnew scope for the imagination, creating aworld where people can communicate,work together and share experiences. Newmultimedia interaction techniques andservices for cooperative learning and work-ing are required in order to be able to usethis new space more efficiently thanbefore. Technologies such as softwareagents, virtual reality and augmented reali-ty as well as cooperative media offer thenecessary foundations here. The Heinz Nix-dorf Institute is opening the way to practi-cal use of the opportunities offered bythese technologies in the framework of thetwo key research initiatives FIS/VU(advanced interactive systems/virtual envi-ronments) and KONTAKT (cooperation-based work and conferencing technolo-gies).

Strategies for production in the

future:

Competition is fierce in the “global village”.The competitive arena is changing con-stantly. It is no longer adequate in the faceof such dramatic change to simply solvethe obvious problems of the present; thiswill not necessarily allow the challenges ofthe future to be tackled. Foresight and astrategic approach are called for. Of pri-mary importance here is the developmentof methods and tools for shaping compa-nies in a forward-looking way. This affectsthe product innovation and order process-ing processes but also entire value-addedchains, new organizational forms in pro-duction and logistics management andInternet-based communication and coop-eration platforms for small and medium-sized companies.

In terms of training, the Heinz NixdorfInstitute is involved in specialist areas suchas electrical design, information scienceand information technology, mechanicalengineering and economics; in other wordsthe object is to highlight wherever possiblethe opportunities afforded by informationand communication technology and todemonstrate how these can be made reali-ty. A further striking element is the promo-tion of a new generation of academicsthrough doctorate programs and postdoc-toral lecturing qualifications thanks tomore than one hundred assistant positionsand a graduate college.

The Heinz Nixdorf Institute providesimportant impetus for industry throughresearch and training. Many innovativeproducts are based on methods and solu-tion principles that have been researchedat the Heinz Nixdorf Institute. Hundreds ofgraduates have gone into industry andimpetus is also provided for creating newcompanies. Twelve companies have evolvedto date from the Heinz Nixdorf Institutewith a total of 500 highly qualified work-places.

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Statistics of the Institute

Activities of Employees with PhD

72

Industrial Research andDevelopment

Scientific Research andLectureship

Management

Self-employed

30

30

6

2119

Dipl.-Ingenieur/in Elektrotechnik

Dipl.-Wirtschaftsingenieur/in Fertigungstechnik

Dipl.-Ingenieur/in Maschinenbau 36

49

Academic Profile of the Interdisciplinary Institute

Dipl. Informatiker/in

2 Dipl.-Psychologe/in

1 Dr.-Ing.

8 Dipl.-Mathematiker/in

1 Dr.-phil.

10 Dr. rer nat.

4 Dipl.-Wirtschaftsingenieur/in Elektrotechnik

4 Dipl. Physiker/in

3 Dipl.-Wirtschaftsinformatiker/in

2 Dipl.-Kaufmann/frau

(since Foundation of the Institute 1987)


Statistics of the Institute 11

Period of Review 1.01. - 31.12.2001

Jobs of the Spin-Offs in the year 2001

Spin-Offs from the Heinz Nixdorf Institute

40

20

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Mul

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dSPACE:ca. 350 Employees

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ions

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Company Group UNITY AG

Dr.

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Number ofEmployees

1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

16

14

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

Number of Spin-Offs

(accumulated)

** *

*

*



Statistics of the HNI Workgroups

Professors Research Staff Technical and Administrative Staff Trainees

Number of Employees of the HNI Workgroups

120

Number ofEmployees

100

80

60

40

20

01995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001

External Funds of the HNI Workgroups

Mill. EURO

10

8

6

4

2

01995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001


Statistics of the HNI Workgroups 13

Employment Structure of the HNI Workgroups

162

Research Staff

Student Assistants

Technical and Administrative Staff

PhD Students

Trainees

147

37

13

5

Master ThesesPublications 99218

26

PhD Theses

Scientific Results/Publications of the HNI Workgroups

Period of Review 1.01. - 31.12.2001

HNI Workgroups

Business Computing,

especially CIM


Computer Integrated

Manufacturing




Theoretical Computer Science:

Algorithms, Complexity Theory,

Parallel Computing

Prof. Dr. math. Friedhelm Meyer auf derHeide








Workgroup Portraits 15

PortraitsWorkgroupWorkgroup Portraits

Business Computing, especially CIM



Theoretical Computer Science: Algorithms,

Complexity Theory, Parallel Computing






Parallel Computing


Computer Engineering Laboratory

Cognitive Psychology

HNI Computer Operation

HNI Workgroups

Producing Economically in Germany Tomorrow, too


Recognizing and Exploiting Success Potentials of Tomorrow


Knowledge in Context


High Performance = Innovative Computer Systems + Efficient Algorithms

Prof. Dr. math. Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide

Controlling Distributed Embedded Systems


Microelectronics – Key Technology and Challenge


With Creativity to Innovation


Basics of Electrical Engineering

Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Georg Hartmann

Mechatronics in Trend-Setting Applications

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Joachim Lückel

Reaching New Magnitudes through the Efficient Use of Parallel and

Distributed Systems

Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Burkhard Monien

Integrated Optics in Lithium Niobate

Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Sohler

From the Algorithm to the Chip

Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Teich

Thinking and Language

Prof. Dr. phil. hist. Manfred Wettler

The Good Spirits in the Background

Dipl.-Ing. Christopher Odenbach

Associated

Workgroups


Workgroup16

Business Computing

Enterprises will also produce in Germany tomorrow, if production, procurement and selling processes meet highestdemands for effectiveness and efficiency. This developmentcomprises the increase in product quality as well as evershorter delivery and turn-around times. In this connection it is necessary to develop innovative procedures which enableenterprises to advance to a status possible today.

Producing Economically in Germany Tomorrow, too.Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Wilhelm Dangelmaier

Inventory Supplier I

Inventory Supplier II

Inventory Supplier III

Inventory Manufacturing I

ManufacturingLevel II

Customer A

Customer B

Customer C

Customer E

Customer D

Inventory Supplier IV

Capacity

ManufacturingLevel I

Inventory Manufacturing

Level I

especially CIMBusiness Computing, especially CIM


Business Computing, especially CIM 17

Guaranteeing a competitive position

for tomorrow, too.

Our objective: Strenghtening and guaran-teeing the competitive position of anenterprise on a long-term basis. Thereforethe specialized group deals with all techni-cal-economic problems that arise duringthe design of customer-producer-supplier-networks and the realization of incompanyand inter-company production and logis-tics processes and which can be brought toa solution by means of an innovative infor-mation technology.

Our thinking is process-oriented, i.e.orientation by the work production process.

The analysis of weak points, the testingof solution approaches, the optimization ofseparate processes, workflows and net-works can be managed with the help ofour tools, beginning with the conception ofa work production network up to theimplementation of a logistics control sys-tem or an e-Commerce solution. Especiallyfor this reason our work was honouredwith the German science prize for logistics.

We develop solutions that offer decisivecompetitive advantages:

More efficient working processes,reduced costs and at the same time a high-er benefit for the customer. We are at thesame time a solution provider and supplierof technology. Our partners are in particu-lar the industry as well as service andlogistics enterprises.

Against this background we are work-ing on the following focal points ofresearch• Supplier and customer services - tools for

efficiency increases in customer/supplierrelationships

• Incompany and inter-company produc-tion and information network - use ofthe production factor 'information' forthe optimization of the structure and theworkflow of work production processes

• Production and Supply Chain Manage-ment - tools for an objective-orientedplanning and control of the work pro-duction process

• E-Commerce, e-Commerce and e-Markets- tools for the integration of enterprisesinto goods and procurement markets

Our teachings pursue the objective toshow the student coherences betweengoods and procurement markets, the struc-ture and workflow of an organisation,between product and production forms aswell as the principles of thinking in a sys-tem and the realization of an innovativesolution in the fields of information tech-nology.

Dangelmaier, W.; Warnecke, H.-J.: Fertigungs-lenkung. Planung und Steuerung des Ablaufs der diskreten Fertigung. Berlin: Springer 1997.

Helmke, St.; Dangelmaier, W.: Marktspiegel Customer Relationship Man-agement. Anbieter von CRM-Software im

Vergleich, Wiesbaden: Gabler 2001

Dangelmaier, W.: Fertigungsplanung. Planung von Aufbau und Ablauf der Fertigung – Grund-lagen, Algorithmen und Beispiele. 2nd Edition.Berlin: Springer 2001.

Helmke, St.; Dangelmaier, W.: Effektives Customer Relationship

Management. Instrumente – Einführungskonzepte – Organisation.

Wiesbaden: Gabler 2001.

Fischer, W.; Dangelmaier, W.: Produkt- und Anlagenoptimierung. Berlin: Springer 2000


Workgroup18

The problems are on all sides well-known:Target groups increasingly become moreheterogeneous, customer loyalty decreasesand brand loyalty constantly loses signifi-cance. Therefore many enterprises look fornew marketing and selling concepts.

Customer service is the important com-petition factor. It is long past that onlytypical industries establish e.g. call centers.Meanwhile also industry and logisticsenterprises or authorities understand thecustomer as the most important factor andbet on innovative customer-services solu-tions. The crucial element is the customer-oriented information management: All cus-tomer data must be available in order toanswer inquiries fast and to serve cus-tomers according to their demand. Cus-tomer profiles form the basis of the cus-tomer relationship management and areused in forward-looking one-to-one-mar-keting concepts.

Only those who organize flexible busi-ness processes are able to react fast todynamically changing markets and intensi-fied competitive positions and thereforehave a decisive competitive edge. In anycase the suppliers have to be integrated.They are the most important competenceand know-how suppliers and products andprocesses can only be defined in coopera-

tion with them. Make or buy is an impor-tant strategic question for the organizationof a supply chain; here, our tools rendervaluable support. Moreover we work oninstruments which enable a flexible organi-zation of business procedures and thus anefficient realization of new and modifiedbusiness strategies. The target is: Enterquicker in the market and stay closer to itas well as consequently increase customerrelationships while acting as unity and withone mutual target together with the sup-plier. With respect to this, e.g. the largestlogistics services industries trust in ourprognosis tools.

More than ever customers would like todefine products themselves. In this connec-tion automobiles are only one of the mostpopular example. Product configurationsare therefore indispensable elements of asuccessful customer-supplier relation.

However, product configurations haveto be integrated into production and sell-ing processes. A web-based first contactwill be the rule in the future. Also in thisconnection our process competence ren-ders valuable support.

Internet-based Supplier and Customer Services

Contact:Customer Relationship ManagementDipl.-Kfm. Stefan Helmkeemail: [email protected]: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 69Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82www.crm-systeme.de

Configuration:Dipl.-Ing. Hagen Lessingemail: [email protected]: +49 (0) 52 51/60 69 12Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82www.supply-chain-management.de Prognosis freight volume



Optimal results in production and logisticscan only be achieved, if the structures andworkflow structures of an enterprise meetall requirements of dynamically changingmarkets. The key to a successful operationof complex production networks is an inte-gral dynamic design of these structuresthat considers various long-term develop-ments of selling and procurement markets,technological innovations, alternative pro-duction plants and possible strategic coop-erations. In this context we are working onan extension of our in the meantime estab-lished modeling method MFERT to a toolwith which it is possible to completelydescribe networks and merged in factories.

We achieve planning security as well asmobility on the highest level by the sys-tematic integration of process and programplanning in a superordinate, strategicmethodology of dimensions. We optimizenetworks of production and logistics sys-tems with consideration of all strategicoptions: Attention is paid to customer andsupplier relations as well as the integrationof innovative organizational concepts withthe qualitative and quantitative interpreta-tion of future-safe production networks.The OdikoN-tools enable integral and above

all dynamic dimensions for production andlogistics systems, on the basis of market-focused criteria.

However, the strategic reorientation ofbusiness processes may not take place inan isolated way on the organisational level.At the same time the optimization of theinformation and communication tech-niques in use has to begin by carefullyadjusting it to the requirements of businessprocedures. It is very important for us tocombine old and new techniques in orderto ensure maximal security in terms ofinvestments. We support communicationbetween enterprises by EAI-systems (Enter-prise Application Integration). The projectM.PROMIS will soon enable enterpriseswith different PPS-systems to operate witha homogeneous surface on the market,independently of the production place.

Production und LogisticDipl.-Wirt. Ing. Michael Ruether

email: [email protected]: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 25

Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82www.e-commerce-systeme.de

EAI-SystemsDipl.-Inform. Ulrich Papeemail: [email protected]

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 54Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82

www.eai-systeme.de

Design of Incompany and Inter-companyProduction and Information Networks

Production network


Workgroup20

Our performances comprise the organiza-tion of order processing processes, theselection and introduction of PPS, routeplanning and Supply Chain Managementsystems for the information-technical sup-port of these processes as well as the user-specific development of such systems.

For the information-technical organiza-tion of processing orders in work produc-tion networks we developed the informa-tion platform OOPUS. By means of this sys-tem it is possible to describe performanceprocesses gradually and to integrate plan-ning and control processes according tothe data, communication and workflowinto an information system. On this basiswe extremely successfully implementedindustry solutions for selected ranges ofapplication. One of our emphasis lies onthe automobile ancillary industries, forwhich we implemented a complete produc-tion management system (OOPUS-DPS)with interfaces to a superordinate PPS sys-tem. By means of OOPUS-DPS and condi-tional on the simultaneous planning con-cept which formed the basis, it is possibleto save up to 50% of stock compared to

conventional PPS systems. The surface andIT design fulfill all demands on modernorganization solutions. At present weextend OOPUS-DPS together with a con-sortium of firms and supported by theBMBF to a knowledge-based online-toolfor the Supply Chain Management.

Not each flow is efficient - this is inparticular the case when a process evadesdirect observation. In addition the environ-ment and requirements change continu-ously and without announcements. There-fore we develop tools for a systematicdesign of Benchmarking and Controllingsystems for the line of production.

We understand our approaches as agiven economic preparation in the run-upto the introduction of new technologiessuch as Data Warehouses or ManagementInformation Systems (MIS). This can clearlybe separated from the frequently madetechnological-oriented efforts to use newtechnologies. The pressure put on theincrease of market and process orientationof information systems can thus be coun-tered with an efficient methodology.

Production and Supply Chain Management

Contact:PPS / ERP / SCMDipl.-Inform. Mohamed Ould HamadyPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 30Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82email: [email protected]/cim

TeleworkDipl.-Wirt. Ing. Dirk FoersterPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 30Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82email: [email protected]/cim

BenchmarkingDipl.-Wirt. Ing. Daniel KaschulaPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 65Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82email: [email protected] Production-Management-System OOPUS-DPS



Consistent management of customer andsupplier relationships becomes ever moreimportant in the future. However, solutionswhich offer differentiation in competitionhave to go further than mere order pro-cessing within the scope of eCommerce.

The simplest case are eCommerce solu-tions which realize shopping malls for ajoint linking of enterprises to customers.However, outsourcing of subprocesses cango far beyond this. In extreme cases enter-prises exclusively concentrate on their corecompetences. All further functions as wellas the necessary coordination are realizedby the service platform. By means of suchplatforms it is thus possible to completelyreorganize e.g. opening, marketing, pro-curement, financial and logistics processesfor cooperations and enterprises. Apartfrom the Front-end solutions also processesand systems in the Back-end are to bedesigned.

By means of a systematic procedure wewill demonstrate the existing networkstructures, processes and systems. They willthen be tested for potentials concerning apossible virtualization in order to be thusable to deduce new networks and developintegral services, processes and systems(logistics for eCommerce).

The research and industrial projects wehave been participating in so far, are e.g. amarketing, procurement and cooperationplatform for the IuK industry, an eCom-merce solution for one disposal servicesenterprise, the integration of logistics andfinancial services enterprises into a regionalshopping mall for retail business (e-city-logistics), a cooperation platform for medi-um-sized enterprises (KOMNET), a tool forthe cooperative design of products andprocesses (KMUnet) or the coordination oftelework by means of the workflow man-agement (COBIP). In these projects we sup-port the entire chain of relations betweensuppliers, producers and customers, i.e.from the aimed at technical marketing andthe opening of business relationships up tothe post-sales-support. Contact:

E-Commerce, Shop-SystemsDipl.-Kfm. Matthias Uebel

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 60Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82

email: [email protected]

Virtual Communities, E-MarketsDipl.-Wirt. Inform. Joern Szegunis

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 25Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82email: [email protected]

www.e-commerce-systeme.de

E-Commerce, e-Procurement and e-Markets

Process “Sperrmüll”


Product innovations are the important lever for ensuringsecurity and employment in the future. Mechanical engineer-ing and related areas, such as automotive industry, are play-ing a key role today. These sectors likewise demonstrate therelevant success potentials of the future. It is essential there-fore to recognize these potentials early and to exploit them in time.

Recognizing and Exploiting Success Potentials of TomorrowProf. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Gausemeier

Workgroup22

Computer IntegratedManufacturing



Computer Integrated Manufacturing 23

A handbook for designing company success; Carl HanserVerlag 2001

Sour

ce: S

iem

ens

AG

A handbook for scenario- creating; Carl Hanser Verlag1996

Objectives and focal areas of research and cooperationwith industry

A handbook for designingproduction processes oftomorrow; Carl Hanser Verlag 1999

Augmented Reality

Industria

l

Autom

atio

n

V ri tual Reality

Information Systems

Strategic Planning

Products Production

Info

rmation

Systems

Engineering

Competitivenessof Industrial Enterprises

in the Information Age

Creating Products Today for the

Markets of Tomorrow

Information has become the fourth largestfactor of production - as important as rawmaterials, labor and capital. The wide-scaleuse of information and communicationtechnology in industry not only leads toincreases in productivity but also to thecreation of new products and new markets.

Our general goal is to maintain andincrease competitiveness of industrial com-panies in the information age. Our activi-ties center on the use of the fascinatingpossibilities offered by information andcommunication technology. We elaboratemethods and procedures for forward-look-ing company management. We begin byanticipating currently discernable develop-ments from areas of influence such asmarkets, technologies and society, wedesign company, product and technology

strategies and we help companies to imple-ment these. We concentrate on two mainpoints here:

Strategic Planning and

Information Systems

The aim of our educational courses is togive students a comprehensive overview ofmodern industrial companies, to highlightthe success potentials of the future and toillustrate ways of achieving these.


Workgroup24

Augmented Reality

Augmented Reality (AR) is a new form ofperson-machine interface where computer-generated information can be inserted intothe user's actual field of view.

The information can be inserted in acontext-dependent way, i.e. derived appro-priately from the visualized object. Amongother things, AR could the-refore act as asubstitute for the traditional assemblymanual, for example by inserting assemblyinstruc-tions into the field of view of theperson performing an assembly task.

The AR-PDA Alliance Project

The AR-PDA project involves the develop-ment of a hardware and software systemfor a mobile personal digital assistant (AR-PDA), which can be classed alongsidemobile phones, notebooks and organizers.The assistant uses AR technology to sup-port users in their daily tasks. The uservisualizes real objects with the AR-PDA. Theintegrated camera takes the pictures andthe AR-PDA sends the video stream bymobile radiocommunication (e.g. UMTS) tothe AR server. The server recognizes theobjects by analyzing the image and estab-lishes the relevant context-sensitive infor-mation, which is added to the video streamas multimedia elements, such as sound,video, text, images or virtual objects andthen sent back to the AR-PDA.

We chose domestic appliances as a typical application scenario. The AR-PDAprovides the consumer with product infor-mation, tips on purchasing, starting up,using, repairing and servicing the domesticappliances in a very straightforward way.The device also allows direct contact to beestablished with customer service so thatexpert advice can be called upon. It is alsoplanned to use the AR-PDA in the frame-work of “mobile business” applications.

The research project is one of 15 projects selected for funding by the Min-istry for Research and Training [BMBF] from170 ideas outlined in an “ideastorming”competition for “Virtual and AugmentedReality”.

Project PartnersUNITY AGSiemens Business Service (C-Lab)Miele Lunatic Interactive Productions Technical University of IlmenauUniversity of Paderborn

Contact:Dipl. Inform. Juergen FruendPhone: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 26Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 68email: [email protected]

Dipl. Inform. Carsten MatysczokPhone: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 26Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 68email: [email protected]: wwwhni.upb.de/ripwww.ar-pda.de

Augmented RealityAR-PDA A Mobile Digital Assistant for VR/AR Contents

AR scene: Assembly instructions are inserted into the user's field ofview via a head mounted display.

Functional description of the AR-PDA: 1. AR-PDA cre-ates video footage of the product; 2. The video streamis sent to the AR server; 3. The AR server sends theenriched video stream back.



Innovative Headlamps System

The primary purpose of innovative head-light systems is to increase traffic safety -especially at night. To achieve this, optimallight distributions depending on driving andsurrounding conditions have to be provi-ded.

The desire for situation-dependentadjustment of the light distribution leads totechnically high integrated assemblies. Tomeet the various demands these assembliesneed to have exact defined lighting fea-tures.

Simulation of Light

To achieve the demanded quality of light aheadlight system’s light distribution isanalysed and optimized using raytracingtechniques. The light distribution allows toevaluate the luminous characteristics of aheadlight system.

A Headlight System’s Light Distribution.

False color display in the Virtual Nightdriver.

Light Simulation with Virtual Nightdriver.

CAD model and assembly of a modern headlamps system.

Computing a Light Distribution Using Raytracing.

Virtual RealityVirtual Nightdriver

Virtual Nightdriver

To support the development of new headlight systems the Virtual Reality application Virtual Nightdriver providestools to analyse and evaluate the luminous characteristics of early headlight prototypes. Virtual Nightdrivervisualises a headlight’s light distributioninto a virtual landscape in real-time. WithVirtual Nightdriver the user drives on a virtual test track which simulates a real 10 km route. During the ride different lightdistributions of various headlight systemsilluminating the virtual landscape can beexamined. The system allows to simulatedifferent illumination and weather condi-tions as well as traffic situations. The repro-duceable testing conditions of the applica-tion Virtual Nightdriver allow • to directly compare different headlight

systems• to conduct psychological tests concerning

traffic safety• a significant reduction of real test drives

by night.

L-Lab

L-Lab is a cooperation between Hella KGHueck & Co. and the University of Pader-born. It offers applied research in the areaof lighting and traffic.

Research focuses on• derivating lighting systems from human

require-ments,• integration of lighting systems into the

vehicle and• tools and methods for development and

optimization of lighting technology. Project MembersProf. Dr.-Ing. J. Gausemeier,

Heinz Nixdorf InstituteProf. Dr.-Ing. R. Koch,

University of PaderbornDr.-Ing. T. Weber,

Hella KG Hueck & Co., Lippstadt

Project PartnersDr. Thomas Weber

Hella KG, Hueck & Co., Lippstadt

Contact:Dipl. Inform. Jan Berssenbruegge

Phone: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 33Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 68

email: [email protected]/rip/


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Subject and Objective

Modern mechanical engineering is basedon the interaction of mechanics, electron-ics, control enginee-ring and software(mechatronics). It is essential to master thecomplexity of mechatronic products and atthe same time to encourage cooperationbetween engineers in the individualdomains if product development times areto be reduced in any significant way. Theaim of the project therefore was to inte-grate design and computation proceduresfor developing complex, mechatronic prod-ucts based on intelligent mechatronic solu-tion elements.

Concept

Mechatronic solution elements are provensolutions for fulfilling a specific function ofan industrial product. The components inthis case include sensors, actors and onlineinformation processing in addition to thebasic mechanical structure. Logically, these

components exhibit a number of aspectssuch as form, physical/topological structureand feedforward control. Aspect models areused for their internal repre-sentation.Mechatronic solution elements are charac-terized as “intelligent”, because they allowan aspect model to be updated automati-cally if a different aspect model has beenchanged by the development engineer. Wehave been able to validate the design, forexample, on the basis of the developmentof a new type of service vehicle. It hasproven that this new construct adequatelyrepresents the complexity of mechatronicsystems and allows significantly bettercoordination of cooperation between thespecialist disciplines involved in relation toa product data management system.

The design was elaborated and verifiedin the project group through the distri-buted design of the components of aninnovative vehicle for city center logistics.This service vehicle with its new containerconcept was developed as a virtual proto-type and is characterized, for example, byits optimum distribution of the motivepower, its flexible steering angle and wheelmodules with active power feed. Further-more, a real demonstrator (“X-Mobile”) wasdeveloped, which represents the functionalconcept of the vehicle. Initial projectresults were very well received at theHanover Fair 2001.

The project work was undertaken byProf. Gausemeier (HNI), Prof. Lückel (MLaP)and Prof. Anderl (DiK) and supported by theDeutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG)(German Research Community).

Integration of aspect models of various CAx applica-tions from the field of mechatronics using intelligentmechatronic solution elements (IMLE): The assuranceof data consistency as well as the coordination ofcross-domain activities is based on relational knowl-edge analysis and processing. This knowledge isdefined in the context of the aspect models within theIMLE as well as across application-specific modelinglevels.

Mechatronics Intelligent Mechatronic Solution Elements (IMLE)

Innovative service vehicle for city center logistics:(RP model: DiK - Prof. Anderl).

Mechatronics on wheels: The X-Mobile was created in the project group underthe respon-sibility of MLaP (Prof. Lückel).

Contact:Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. R. Czubaykoemail: [email protected]: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 37Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 68wwwhni.upb.de/rip



Subject and Objective

At the forefront of research in the area ofindustrial automation is the developmentand exploration of distributed control con-cepts for flexible manufacturing systems.

The project aims to develop a decen-trally-controlled flexible manufacturingsystem using standard components. Thecase studies used here include a flexibleassembly cell and a flexible manufacturingcell in the lab for computer integratedmanufacturing.

Design

The control architecture of the assemblycell is based on a network of equal accessprogrammable controllers (PLCs). Whilethese controllers are only used centrallytoday in industrial systems, several decen-tralized PLCs of type SIMATIC S7-300 areinstalled in the assembly cell and pro-grammed for the respective task. Thisallows excellent flexibility and reusability ofthe individual control components indynamically changing manufacturing sys-tems.

Control of the flexible manufacturingcell is based on LON technology (LON: LocalOperating Network). LON is a decentralized,intelligent network in which the individual

components are interconnected. The high-performance network is created by com-bining individual LON nodes, which com-municate with one another on the basis ofnetwork variables. The various LON nodesare assigned to different processes. Themanager nodes and the shuttle nodes gen-erate the processing order from the routinginformation. The station nodes and thetransfer gate nodes generate the individualtravel orders and control circulation.

A further technology for a decentrallycontrolled flexible manufacturing cellbased on industrial PCs will be explored inthe next project stages. The various cells inthe manufacturing system with the differ-ent decentralized control technologies willthen be combined on the basis of a decen-trally distributed manufacturing controlsystem to form a flexible manufacturingsystem.

Project Partner

The project is sponsored by Siemens AG,Festo AG & Co. and FASTEC GmbH.

Note: FASTEC GmbH is a spin-off of theHeinz Nixdorf Institute (Prof. Gausemeier).

Network of intelligent modules for decentralized control of the flexible manufacturing cell,construction of a node using the example of a transfer gate.

Industrial AutomationDistributed Control ConceptsDecentralized Control of Flexible Manufacturing Systems

Contact:Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Christian Zeidler

email: [email protected]: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 40 12

Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 34 96wwwhni.upb.de/rip

The flexible assembly cell comprising a self-opti-mizing buffer storage, revolving round table forassembly activities, industrial robots and a modu-lar material flow system.


The study is divided into three sections,which follow the sequence of the appliedwork methodology.

Overview of the furniture industry:

Where do we stand at present?

The current positioning of the furnitureindustry is based on a reference model,which deals with dimensions like buyergroups, furniture types, styles, distributionchannels, manufacturing type etc. In addi-tion to developing a reference model, asurvey of different manufacturers was con-ducted, which among other things clarifiesthe status and the plans of companiesinvolved in the area of e-business. Further-more, the survey provides a succinct imageof the current deficits and the correspon-ding need to act from a current perspec-tive. It does not necessarily follow that bysolving today's problems, you will also beable to tackle the challenges of tomorrow.We are therefore anticipating perceptibledevelopments now in order to be aware ofthe opportunities and threats of the future.

The furniture industry in 2010: How

will the world look in the future?

Tomorrow's competition can only be over-come if companies demonstrate visionarystrength and take steps to shape thefuture. Visionary foresight is imperative ifone is to survive in smaller and more tur-bulent markets. “Future will always surpriseus, but it should not take us by surprise”(Buckminster Fuller).

The technique of dealing systematicallywith the future is called scenario tech-nique, which was developed at the HeinzNixdorf Institute. Based on the elaboratedscenarios, this technique shows what com-panies must do now in order to assertthemselves in tomorrow's competition.

Designing E-business:

What must be done?

Concepts are being designed for exploitingthe obvious opportunities of informationand communication technology. In addi-tion, a technology roadmap is being devel-oped, which classifies technologies accord-ing to their implementation maturity andmass-market readiness. Following on fromthis, application scenarios are described,which are based on a combination of dif-ferent technologies.

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80-pages, about 50 diagrams; avai-lable from UNITY AG (www.unity.de)at a price of 290 Euro.

E-BusinessThe Future of the Furniture-Industry – E-Busines

Contact:Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Andreas KuehnPhone: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 62Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51(60 62 68email: [email protected]/rip

Technology-Roadmap, new Applications are based onCombinations of Technologies.



Contact:Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Daniel BaetzelPhone: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 60

Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 68email: [email protected]

wwwhni.upb.de/rip

Strategy for the Foundry Industry

The strategy highlights the way from thepresent situation to a model describing anachievable and desirable future. The com-petencies required to tap the future successpotential of the German foundry industryare ability to cooperate, technologicalknow-how and the image of the sector.Possibilities for intensifying these compe-tencies for example include:• Overcoming phobia in relation to cooper-

ation• More pre-competition cooperation in

R&D• Acting on the market as a general con-

tractor • Actively showing present and potential

customers the advantages of the foundrymanufacturing process

• Offering training for technical designers

Project Partners:

Verein Deutscher Gießereifachleute (VDG)(German foundry experts union)Institut für Gießereitechnik GmbH (IfG)(institute for foundry technology)UNITY AG, Paderborn

Initial Situation and Aim of Study

The domestic foundry industry is underpressure; under threat from site and substi-tution. The extreme intensity of competi-tion leads frequently to fewer purchasedecisions, primarily in relation to price.Alternative manufacturing procedures forproducing components from metallic mate-rials have developed strongly in the pastwith the result that they are being givenprecedence more and more frequently. Theprimary aim of the project was to illustratethe success potential of the foundry indus-try as well as ways to tap this successpotential.

Approach

The success potential was established onthe basis of a fundamental analysis of theinitial situation as well as from market andenvironmental surveys. Because the entiresector is extremely heterogeneous, animportant goal of the analysis of the initialsituation was to identify groups of compa-rable businesses. Strategic options foraction were then elaborated specifically forthese business classes. The scenarios pro-vided information on possible develop-ments in areas such as product and processtechnology, alternative manufacturingtechnologies, economy and ecology, foreigncompetition and external suppliers.

Foundry 2010Strategy for the German Foundry Industry

Principal approach in scenario-based strategy development: The strategy is derived from analysis of the presentsituation as well as the findings from the scenarios

A 100-page study with 50 diagrams; available from VDG, Verein DeutscherGießereifachleute, Duesseldorf.

The study was sponsored by the Ministryfor Labor and Social Affairs, Training &Technology in the State of North RhineWestphalia.


It is imperative that a context of use be kept in mind in theconception of technical products; this leads to solutionswhich, in addition to their role in the development context,are practical for everyday use. Such a contextualisation oftechnology requires analytical as well as constructive skills.

Knowledge in ContextProf. Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Keil-Slawik

Computers andSociety

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Building a sustained, region-wide infrastructure for schools

Educational Network Paderborn

Lernstatt Paderborn


Computers and Society 31

The Research Group of Computers andSociety has focused its research efforts onthe interaction between Information Tech-nology and the context in which it is used,in order to reveal the impact for the fieldof computer science. Its activities over thelast year have thus focused on cooperativeand distributed knowledge management.Primarily based on the construction oflearning-supportive infrastructures andcooperation-supportive platforms, ideaswere furthered to develop and evaluatesolutions for the media-based lecture, andnew projects in this field have been funded.

An implementation guide for learning-supportive infrastructures was built as partof the project ISIS; these infrastructuresare appropriate for building self-containedmultimedia documents which will be usedin a college lecture, showing the successand portability of the DISCO project. Expe-rience gained in the construction of multi-media learning environments, as well asresults of work in the field of softwareergonomics, form the basis for the projectqed and for its associated guide on thedevelopment of digital media. This guideoffers helpful advice on the conception andrealisation of incorporating digital mediainto the college lecture. Concepts relatingto learning environments are further dis-cussed in a book contributed to by thegroup, entitled “Grundbegriffe desHochschulmanagements” (Basics of CollegeAdministration).

The development of learning-support-ive infrastructures was furthered through aretrofitting of the Interactive Teaching The-atre using Thin Client technology nowinstead of networked PCs. Designed withlow maintenance in mind, the setup willtest whether such a solution can satisfythe everyday needs of a college course. Theprojects opensTeam and Magellan, bothbegun in the last year, are based on thearchitecture developed in the HNI projectsTeam and are complemented by the proj-ect ClickClique, in which tools are current-ly being developed and evaluated to sup-port synchronous cooperation. opensTeam —

represented at CeBIT2001 — focused itsdevelopment effortsthis last year on sup-porting XML technolo-gies and open stan-dards, as well asimproving scalabilitythrough better per-formance.

Cooperation withlocal schools, compa-nies, and public institu-tions begun years agohas been intensified inthe last year. The projectLernstatt Paderbornseeks to build a sus-tained, region-wideinfrastructure for theincorporation of digital media into schoolsthroughout Paderborn, with the ResearchGroup of Computers and Society acting asadvisory. In cooperation with the Weid-müller-Stiftung and the district govern-ment of Detmold, the bid-owl forum wasconceived and established as a region-widecooperative platform. Moreover, the groupparticipated in the “9th Symposium ForInformatics and School” organized by theGerman Informatics Society.

Aside from projects with definite appli-cations, the group also develops work inpurely theoretical areas. It has contributedto issues regarding the scientific method,as well as to a book regarding the historyof computer science which is currentlybeing prepared for publication.


Workgroup32

In summer 2001, the Explorations project,promoted by the Universitätsverbund Mul-tiMedia NRW (UVM), was successfully com-pleted. Explorations are a new kind ofhighly interactive learning applicationwhich combine aspects of construction,modelling and simulation. With Explo-rations, students are able to graphicallycreate their own constructions, and aresupplied with the corresponding mathe-matical description. The program executesthe necessary calculations and displays theresults in graphs and as analytic equations.

The idea behind the Explorations proj-ect was to support learning by construc-tion and immediate response from the sys-tem. Designed as modular units, a singleExploration always covers one well-definedtopic.

In cooperation with the Laboratory forTechnical Mechanics of the University ofPaderborn, a series of applications are nowin use which have been developed by andfor the students of mechanical engineer-ing. They cover the fundamental topics inmechanics, including statics, dynamics andfailure theory. Those modules should beusable in different contexts: e.g. in lectures,tutorials, individual self-instruction, or evenan internet-based cooperative learningenvironment.

Shown is the Pipe Exploration, anexample from the Explorations coveringdynamics. It demonstrates the friction-affected resistance forces of moving mass-es in a pipe system.

The Swingx Exploration covers anotherimportant part of dynamics – vibratory sys-tems. It enables free constructions of vibra-tory mechanical systems with springs,absorbers and masses as components.

This Exploration demonstrates the ele-ments which allow for better understand-ing than is possible with conventional ani-mations and simulations; that is, the con-nections between drawing, equations ofmotion, and the motion itself. The picturebelow shows one student's constructionand the way in which the equation ofmotion is derived and presented by theapplication.

Multi-level Representation in Learn-

ing Modules

Technical systems can be described notonly with drawings, but also throughmathematical notation (e.g. an equation).Because the mathematical notation can beautomatically derived from some kind ofconstruction, it is possible to transfer thiswork to a computer program. In this way,the student sees both the graphical andthe mathematical representations of themechanical system as they change.

Other Explorations have been devel-oped and are being distributed to studentsof mechanical engineering both by CD-ROM and through a web-based learningenvironment.

Explorations Highly Interactive Learning Materials

Contact:Olaf NowaczykPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 13Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 14email: [email protected]://iug.uni-paderborn.de/explo

Pipe Exploration (friction-affected movement)

Swingx Exploration (spring-absorber-mass systems)


Computers and Society 33

StarOffice 4 Kids was implemented in co-operation with Sun Microsystems to createa universal workplace on the net for stu-dents and teachers. Rather than requiringan individual solution for each school, ituses a network-centred approach, provid-ing administration, applications, and docu-ments as services. It is a software infra-structure that allows documents and appli-cations to be maintained in a web-basedenvironment, an object-oriented accessmanagement makes it possible to quicklyand securely distribute learning materialsas they are needed. Students have controlover their own documents and applica-tions, just as they previously did with booksin their schoolbag. Materials and applica-tions can be accessed via a browser.StarOffice 4 Kids allows teachers to adaptapplications to their individual courseneeds, and distribute these to their stu-dents, thereby creating a customised learn-ing environment. Software is shaped to thecourse, not vice versa.

The use of XUL technology in theMozilla browser allows the browser's userinterface to be adapted to the needs of theindividual. As an additional benefit, thesystem is platform-independent, sinceStarOffice 4 Kids can be used on any plat-form which supports the Mozilla browser(Windows, Linux, Solaris). For this reason, itis possible to provide software solutions inthe classroom based on Open Source prod-ucts and suitable for all ages without util-ising existing office applications.

This potential evoked considerableinterest from the public and, during CeBIT2001, the first prototype connected withthe project was presented at the booth ofpartner Sun Microsystems. On March 23rd,Edelgard Bulmahn, the Minister of Educa-

tion and Research, visited the program'sbooth and was given information aboutthe applicability of the software forschools. In a 15-minute conversation, Pro-fessor Keil-Slawik introduced the projectand its associated ideas.

Interest in the approach led to an arti-cle in the PUZ (Paderborn University Jour-nal) and regional press, as well as the pres-entation of a further prototype at the 3rdWDR ComputerNacht. StarOffice 4 Kids isexpected to come into operation as a partof the “Lernstatt Paderborn” project nextyear in primary schools throughout Pader-born.

Contact:Joachim Baumert

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 13Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 14

email: [email protected]://iug.uni-paderborn.de/staroffice4kids

StarOffice 4 KidsA Universal Web-based Workplace for Students and Teachers

Professor Reinhard Keil-Slawikillustrates StarOffice 4 Kids toEdelgard Bulmahn from theDepartment for Education andResearch.

StarOffice 4 Kids Desktop

PUZ cover picture


High computing performance can only be achieved by a com-bination of powerful computer systems and algorithms thatsolve the given application problems as efficiently as possi-ble. Therefore, the development of efficient algorithms hasestablished itself as a classical branch of computer science. Inour research area, we concentrate on solutions where currenttechnological possibilities such as computer networks usedas high-performance computers pose new challenges foralgorithm development.

High Performance = Innovative Computer Systems + Efficient AlgorithmsProf. Dr. math. Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide

Theoretical ComputerScience

Workgroup34

Theoretical Computer Science:Algorithms, Complexity Theory, Parallel Computing



Algorithms, Complexity Theory, Parallel Computing35

Focus in Research

Parallel computer networks can potentiallysupply unlimited computing power. How-ever, the efficient use of these networks isan extremely complex problem. We provideusers with a programming environmentthat is easy to handle and guides themtowards the development of efficient algo-rithms. In order to support such an envi-ronment, efficient implementations ofbasic routines for communication and syn-chronization are needed. Our research onbridging models, which leads to theoreticalevaluation and development of a BSP-likeprogramming framework, and our PUB-library, constitute a valuable contributionto this area. Moreover, our work on datamanagement in networks leads to provablyefficient techniques. We implement andtest these techniques in the DIVA-libraryand integrate them in the development ofa distributed multimedia server.

To be able to navigate in a virtual 3-dimensional space, and to give a realisticoptical impression of the changing scene,enormous demands are imposed on theunderlying data structures that handle thescene. Above all, we have to guarantee realtime processing in order to guarantee arealistic impression of the scene. Our workon the development of such new types ofdata structures is incorporated into ourprototype walk-through system ParSIWal.

Dynamic networks, i.e., networks whosenodes change their (geometric, geographic)position over time, play a major role inmany areas: They can, e.g., be used as datastructures for moving objects in ComputerGraphics, as well as models for wirelessmobile communication networks. We sys-tematically model various kinds of dynamicnetworks, design algorithms, and applythem to the above mentioned ComputerGraphics and communication problems.

The algorithmic work described abovehas shown us that using randomized pro-cedures can produce amazing gains in effi-ciency. We are therefore systematicallystudying the potential of randomized algo-rithms and using, or developing, probabilitytheory for analyzing such algorithms.

Our research is closely linked to ourteaching. Our courses deal with methodsand concepts of the development andanalysis of efficient algorithms. We alsorun project groups and support diplomatheses that apply our theoretical insights inorder to design efficient algorithms andlibraries.


Workgroup36

Bulk Synchronous Parallel

Computing

There is an increasing demand of perform-ance in many scientific and engineeringareas. One way to satisfy this demand isthe use of parallel computing systems.Unfortunately, programming and mainte-nance of such systems is much more diffi-cult than that of a sequential computerwhere we have the versatile, universallysuccessful von Neumann model for whichwe write our sequential programs.

One prominent reason for this difficultyis the variety of different hardware systemswhich makes it hard to write portable par-allel programs or maintain large parallelsoftware systems. Hence, an abstract modelis needed that includes all of the importantperformance-relevant features and hideshardware specific solutions - a so-calledbridging model, that means a ``parallelanalogue'' to the von Neumann model. Weextended Valiant's Bulk Synchronous Paral-lel (BSP) bridging model and implementand evaluate the PUB library (PaderbornUniversity BSP) that is used in different sci-entific projects.

Recently, the PUB Library has beenimplemented on a Cluster of Linux PCs.Now, also process migration has beensucessfully implemented.

Mobile ad hoc Networks

Mobile electronic devices (PDA; laptop,mobile phones) are connected to wirednetworks, e.g., the internet, by centralizedprotocols (e.g. GPRS, UMTS). In such net-works central structure increasing thenumber of participants reduces the qualityof service.

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) relyon a different approach. Such a wirelessdecentralised network has less restrictionsfor the mobility, since it comes without afixed infrastructure. Here, increasing net-work density improves network propertieslike connectivity and data throughput.

Our research concentrates on theanalysis and implementation of suitablealgorithms for network management androuting in MANETs. In cooperation with thesystem and circuit technology group weimplement a prototypical MANET based onthe mini-robot Khepera. In this environ-ment, we investigate realistic secenariosand measure the efficiency of differentstrategies.

Communication in Networks

Contact:Dr. rer. nat. Christian SchindelhauerPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 52Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82 email: [email protected] www.upb.de/cs/schindel.html

Dr. rer. nat. Rolf WankaPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 34 Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82 email: [email protected] www.upb.de/cs/wanka.html

Abstract structure of a BSP computer

Simulation of ad hoc networks


37

Data Distribution Strategies for

Storage Networks

Current storage systems face the difficulttask to manage constantly growing dataentities very flexibly. One way of meetingcapacity and performance requirements isthe usage of dedicated storage networks.We designe randomized algorithms whichnot only distribute data blocks evenly butfurthermore support diffent disk sizes andwhich are adaptive to system changes.

Unfortunately, using randomizedapproaches introduces new problems.Hence, we search for new techniqueswhich map randomized data blocks to thephysical disk layout. Furthermore, weimplement our strategies prototypically inorder to enable a thorough evaluation. Wewant to get practical evidence not only forthe feasibility of the heterogenous settingand the replacement behavior but also forthe stress imposed onto the underlyinghardware structure. This is of crucialimportance if distributions over greaterdistances are concerned.

Data Management in Cost-based

Networks

In this scenario we assume that the usageof network resources like bandwidth ormemory is not for free but the user has topay a fee depending on the amount ofdata that he or she wants to store on net-work nodes or transfer via network links,respectively. This is a realistic model forcost-based networks as e.g. the Internet.Whereas in previous scenarios the maingoal was only to utilize the availableresources as good as possible to gain maxi-mum performance, we now consider thecost that arise from a given data manage-ment strategy as well.

In this scenario we have developed datamanagement strategies that aim for agiven access pattern, to minimize the costof the data distribution within the network.We show that the cost of the resultingplacement is only a constant factor awayfrom optimal.

Data Management in Networks

Contact:Kay Salzwedel

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 58Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82

email: [email protected]/cs/salzwedel.html

Harald RaeckePhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 57

Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82email: [email protected]

www.upb.de/cs/raecke.html


Algorithms, Complexity Theory, Parallel Computing

TP9400 Disk Array with up to 1 Terabytestorage capacity. The data distribution bases on a RAID approach.


Workgroup38

Rapidly decreasing hardware prices and theincrease in storage capacity by orders ofmagnitude in the recent years are the rea-son for larger and larger data sets thathave to be processed by database systemsand data mining tools. Cisco, for example,uses the NetFlow software to gather infor-mation about the network flow that isrouted through their servers. One flow dataentry contains information about the IP-address, source and destination, number ofrouted packets and number of bytes. At asingle WorldNet gateway router theamount of information gathered each dayis roughly 10 GB.

Another example for huge data setscan be found in telecommunication indus-try. AT&T, for example, maintains call-detailstatistics which contain the called number,the caller's phone number, time, date, andlength of the call, as well as data about thebilling. Overall, AT&T serves about 200-300million calls per day and the size of thegathered call-detail data is more than 7GB. It is often impossible to process datasets of this size with standard linear timealgorithms and thus there is a lot ofresearch in new techniques to deal withhuge data sets.

One of these techniques is the so called'Property Testing'. The goal of propertytesting is to decide whether a given hugeobject has a (global) property or is far awayfrom any object that has the property. Thistask should be achieved by only looking ata small sample of the object. We haveinvestigated fundamental issues in the fieldof property testing, and developed newmodels for testing geometric properties.

We also worked on data structures forhuge dynamic data sets. We assumed thatmotion is generated outside the system,e.g., by users of mobile phones, and thatthe data structure may only query for thecurrent position of an object. Again wefocussed our work on huge data sets, i.e.,we assume that it is impossible to answerqueries by simply updating the position ofeach object at the time when the query isprocessed. We developed a theoreticalmodel to analyze the quality of algorithmsin this szenario.

Algorithms for Large Dynamic GeometricNetworks

Contact:Dipl.-Inform. Christian SohlerPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 27Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82 email: [email protected] www.upb.de/cs/csohler.html

Keeping up dynamic data structure of Delaunay triangulation while nodes move



Algorithms, Complexity Theory, Parallel Computing39

Real-time navigation in very large highlydetailed virtual scenes is an extreme chal-lenge for virtual reality systems. Real-timenavigation allows the visitor of the scenean intuitive understanding of the virtualscene. There are two problems: On the oneside it is not easy to handle scenes of suchsizes and on the other side you have todevelop an efficient rendering algorithm.

The main focus of our research is onthe development of virtual reality systemsfor large scenes that cannot be renderedon one workstation in real-time. Our dis-tributed rendering system PaRSIWal man-ages such kind of scenes on a distributedworkstation cluster and allows a computa-tion of all objects within a fixed distance innearly output sensitive time.

Currently we focus on the efficient ren-dering process: We speed up our renderingby the reduction of objects and polygons.Another approach is occlusion culling.Some of the hidden polygons are comput-ed and removed in an early stage of therendering process. In the course of twodiploma theses we have developed twonew occlusion culling algorithms: The firstalgorithm computes large artificial occlud-er for an efficient culling computation. Thesecond algorithm substitutes the common-ly used hierarchical data structures by anetwork data structure. This allows a gooddistributed computation of the hidden sur-faces.

Another approach to speed up the ren-dering process is the approximation of thescenes, e.g., by the use of our randomizedZ-buffer algorithm. This algorithm allowsan interactive real-time rendering withscenes up to 1014 polygons.

We cooperate with the University ofTübingen in order to develop an interactivereal-time visualisation of very large virtualworlds which are stored on a large dataserver.

Contact:Dipl.-Inform. Jens Krokowski

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 91Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 82

email: [email protected] www.upb.de/cs/kroko.html

Algorithms for Computer GraphicsData Structures for Walk-Through Animation

Image creation by randomised sampling

Visualisation of the datastructure

Polygons are chosen randomly in order toapproximate the scene

A sufficient number of polygons gives agood approximation of the 3D-model


Controlling Distributed Embedded Systems Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Franz Josef Rammig

Design of

Distributed Systems

Workgroup40


Informatics is everywhere. Ranging from simple alarm clocks to complex fabrication plants; what drives the pace may becharacterized as “Informatisation”. Today there are 20 billionmicroprocessors worldwide and the software running on thesedevices controls them as “Embedded Systems”, whatever formthe technical environment takes. The working group “Design ofDistributed Systems” tackles the scientific challenges to designa seamless development process for Embedded Systems cover-ing all phases and aspects. Areas covered include specifica-tion/modelling, verification/analysis, SW-synthesis/real-timeoperating systems, and HW-synthesis/rapid prototyping. Allthese areas are considered at various levels of abstraction.

SW Synthesis

HW Synthesis

Rapid PrototypingAnalysis

Verification

Modelling

Specification

Operating Systems

Aspects of Distributed Embedded Systems


Design of Distributed Systems 41

Design Methods for Distributed

Embedded Real-Time Systems

It is our goal to design a methodology forthe seamless development of distributedembedded real-time systems. This method-ology is based upon different phasesincluding specification, modelling, analy-sis/partitioning, and synthesis. Executablespecifications are gaining importance in allengineering disciplines. An especially prom-ising approach is Abstract State Machines(ASM). In our working group we haveimplemented support for this approach bymeans of our ASM-Workbench, a powerfultool environment for ASMs. In the area ofmodelling we are following up both syn-chronous approaches like State Charts andasynchronous ones with special emphasison extended Predicate/Transition Nets(Pr/T nets). The distributed operationalsemantics of both State Charts and Pr/Tnets makes them especially adequate fordistributed embedded systems. An aspectof its own is real-time systems withdynamic interconnection structure. Totackle the challenge of dynamic intercon-nections in real-time systems, we are inves-tigating novel modelling techniques basedon Pr/T nets as well. The phases like analy-sis and partitioning of such dynamic sys-tems need innovative approaches as well.Based on the theory of Spanner Graphs weare working on location-based routingstrategies for such nets. In addition we areimplementing these strategies using ourRTOS library, DREAMS. This library is sup-ported by a sophisticated configurationsystem, called TEReCS. DREAMS is a com-ponent library for generating distributedreal-time operating systems (RTOS) andcommunication systems (RCOS). Thesecomponents can be configured at a veryfine level of granularity. TEReCS allowsgenerating automatically application spe-cific instances of such systems.

An interesting application field of ourdesign techniques is the support of a virtu-al camera for sports events. We support thenecessary image processing algorithms(provided by project partners) by means ofa special version of RTAI-LINUX adapted byour group for our SCI workstation cluster.This cluster is equipped with FPGA cards.We take advantage of having FPGA cards inSCI workstation cluster to support novelHW/SW partitioning algorithms includingthe option of dynamic reconfiguration. Theautomatic generation of device drivers is abig challenge for the generation of operat-ing systems as well as the incorporation ofa special hardware. For the problem ofautomatic generation of device drivers thatis rarely covered by the current state of theart, innovative solutions are investigated inour group.


Workgroup42

The topics of this working field are: exe-cutable specification and behaviour model-ling of complex systems, meta-modellingand integration of formal specificationtechniques, planning and control of pro-duction systems under real-time con-straints. An essential result in the researchfield “executable specifications” is the defi-

nition of a transformation-based techniquefor the formal validation of Abstract StateMachine (ASM) models using Model Check-ing. The practical application is investigatedwithin the scope of the ISILEIT R&D projectwhich is supported by the DFG.

A formal semantic for SDL 2000, basedon ASM, is developed on behalf of the ITU-T, the telecommunication standardizationboard of the International Telecommunica-tion Union (ITU). SDL is a widely-used stan-dard for the specification of complex dis-tributed systems with real-time constraints.In November 2000, this formal SDL seman-tic is adopted by the ITU-T as an interna-tional mandatory standard. The work onthis topic is still in progress.

The use of state-of-the-art real-timetechniques in manufacturing planning andcontrol is still rare. Lack of competence inreal-time theory among production engi-neers and the lack of commercially avail-able tools are the major reasons for this.Since manufacturing systems underlie real-time constraints, application of real-timemethods in production planning and con-trol is analyzed. Thereby, scheduling tech-niques for dynamic planning and control ofaperiodic tasks in the presence of periodictasks are investigated. The developedscheduling schemes are extended toinclude changeover and transport costs.

Specification and Modelling

Contact:M. Sc. Dania El-Kebbe SalaheddinePhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 94Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 65 02email: [email protected]/cs/elkebbe.html

Ing. Martin KardosPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 94Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 65 02email: [email protected]/cs/a-rammig/www/members/kardos/kardos.html

Modelling flexible production systems



Project TEReCS

In technical systems microprocessors areused in order to handle and control themunder real-time constraints. The processorsare interconnected by communication net-works. A big challenge, here, is to handlethe communication among all the process-es in real-time. Thus, the given cyclic peri-ods, deadlines and other timing constraintsmust be met.

Our goal is to customize the operatingsystems and especially the communicationsubsystem exactly to the requirements ofthe application. By our approach the oper-ating system including the communicationsystem is derived out of a self made con-struction kit of tiny object-oriented classes(DREAMS). These classes alone constitutethe real-time operating system. Out of dif-ferent alternatives which are required atdifferent situations for different require-ments, required optimal solutions are auto-matically selected by a configurationprocess. Moreover, before the run-time ofthe system the real-time constraints areevaluated. Therefore, all resource loads,scheduling plans, delays and latencies ofthe communications are calculated.

Within the project TEReCS – foundedby the DFG – we devise tools and method-ologies for this purpose. By applying ourmethods the time that is required for thedevelopment of large communication sys-tems is extremely shortened. The re-use ofcommunication code from the libraryDREAMS and the offline verification of thereal-time constraints lead to a dramaticimprovement in time-to-market propertyof a new distributed embedded systemproduct.

Project EVENTS

The goal of the EVENTS (Computer VisionEnables Non-Constrained Transmission ofScenarios) project is the development ofinnovative image processing technologiesand real-time methods. This combinationshall enable the viewer to change interac-tively his point of view during a TV trans-mission. The calculation of new viewpointswill be done by the interpolation of severalimages recorded by fixed TV camerasplaced at different positions around thescenario.

In order to ensure an efficient calcula-tion of the high amount of data requiredby such a system, a high performancecomputer with special software must beused. For this project the Linux SCI-Cluster(Scalable Coherent Interface) of HNI whichprovides high processing power togetherwith high transmission rates between theprocessors is available. The efficiency of thesoftware to be developed will be supportedby a real-time operating system that guar-antees moving images with high quality.The communication will be realized by aspecial message passing system (MPICH)for SCI devices. The core of our task will bethe coupling of this MPI system with thereal-time operation system Linux/RTAI (RealTime Application Interface).

Contact:Dipl. Inform. Carsten Boeke

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 65 15Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 65 02

email: [email protected]/cs/boeke.html

Dipl. Inform. Sabina RipsPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 65 16


Design of Operating and Communication Systems for Embedded Real-Time Systems

Distributed computers in a technical system.


Workgroup44

We are investigating reconfigurable sys-tems, where objects can contact each otherdynamically. The problem which we have tosolve here is maintaining the communica-tion structures efficiently. These problemshave to be solved under real time restric-tions. We are dealing with special problemclasses, where the geographic position ofthe nodes of the network is known and ofsignificant importance. This is the case forexample in many problems of the telecom-munication.

For the modelling of such systems ourformal basis of Extended Predicate/Transi-tion Nets is further enhanced. With theresulting formalism dynamically reconfig-urable systems may be captured. This ispossible due to special transition annota-tions causing structural changes of amodel. These operations are based onmechanisms of compositional Petri Netmodels. Thus, in safety critical applicationsit may be ensured that certain systemproperties remain invariant even in thepresence of reconfiguration.

Concerning timing analysis – which isindispensable in the application domain ofembedded real time systems – methods areneeded to monitor the dynamically chang-ing real-time constraints at run-time aswell as to guarantee that they are met. Weuse a constructive approach. Within theavailable resources, it determines an alloca-tion meeting all deadlines. The procedureused thereby is based on a three-stageapproach. In addition to the usual analysisat instruction and source code levels it alsotakes into account information about theformal model of extended Pr/T-Nets. Theimplementation of a dynamically reconfig-urable system - which is specified in termsof a Pr/T-Net - relies on DREAMS. Themajor task of a real time operating systemfor dynamically reconfigurable systems isto provide efficient communication struc-tures.

Based on the concept of so calledspanner graphs, we are developing algo-rithms, which allow to establish short com-munication paths between the nodes undervarious restrictions and making the routingof the data packages among the nodespossible. Here we assume that the nodeshave a unique identification (IP-address)and that they know their own geographicposition. These nodes have bounded stor-age and they are not able to store com-plete information about all nodes. Our goalis to construct a communication network,where each node simply needs geographicinformation of near objects for the con-struction of the network and for the rout-ing. In this network we are developinglocation based routing strategies andstrategies for determining the position ofthe nodes, which are supporting thedynamic reconfigurable systems. The algo-rithm should be integrated to DREAMS.

Embedded Real-Time Systems withDynamic Network Structures

Contact:Dr. rer. nat. Tamás LukovszkiPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 65 17Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 65 02email: [email protected]/~tamas/

Spanner graph with mobile nodes.



The use of reconfigurable logic in computersystems is a hot topic of worldwideresearch in computer architecture. Here weexplore the utilization of FPGAs ascoprocessors or as flexible peripheraldevices.

FPGAs are applied as coprocessors inthe field of distributed arithmetic or in thefield of pattern matching in text-datastream for fast indexing and analysis ofdocument collections with linear algebramethods. Not only the local behaviour ofone system but also the interaction ofthose high specialised computer systems ina computation cluster is of high interest.

For this research a SCI-Linux-clusterequipped with FPGA-boards is available inthe working group. So parallelism can beexplored at gate, computer-node, and clus-ter levels. At one node a computingthroughput of about 100MByte/s can bereached. Within the cluster a processingpipeline with a throughput of about30MByte/s can be established. This per-formance is a requirement for efficientindexing and analysis of millions of docu-ments.

The analysis algorithms should spreadover all the cluster nodes. Since typicalalgorithm is often too large to fit in onlyone FPGA, it is important to develop meth-ods for the automatic partitioning of analgorithm across many FPGAs. One mainproblem next to interface adaptation is thelong reconfiguration time of the flexiblehardware components in comparison tosoftware. This leads to a higher effort inthe planning of the different processingsteps.

On the other hand, it is difficult tospecify complex algorithms in hardwarewith the current hardware description lan-guages. Furthermore, the compilation timeof algorithms into hardware configurationsleads to long turn-around times in devel-opment. Hence specialised component ori-ented synthesized systems are under devel-opment. They provide a problem orientedfast synthesis of the used algorithms.

Flexible peripheral devices require anautomatic generation of device drivers.Next to fixed drivers for access to theFPGA-board, we are working on automaticdriver generation for the devices whichreside in FPGAs, from system descriptions.

Known specification methods areextended to the requirements specific todevice drivers. In conjunction with thiswork the required analysis and synthesismethods are derived. Main focus is on thespecial interaction of hardware and soft-ware. In combination with known tech-niques from compiler construction thedevelopment process will be shortened andthe efficiency of the driver is enhancedwithout loss of reliability.

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Lehmann

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 92Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 65 02

email: [email protected]/cs/torkin.html

Dipl. Inform. Christophe BobdaPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 93


www.uni-paderborn.de/cs/bobda.html

High-Level Hardware Design

SCI Linux cluster equipped with FPGA cards.


With the growing use of integration technology in almost allareas of life, microelectronics has become the key technologyof the modern information society. The systematic design ofinnovative microelectronic systems and their use according tospecific demands constitute the central research aim of theResearch Group of System and Circuit Technology.

Microelectronics – Key Technology and ChallengeProf. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Rückert

Workgroup46

System and Circuit

TechnologySystem and Circuit Technology


47

Key Technology Microelectronics

The unbroken revolutionary progress ofmicroelectronics is the driving force behindthe devolopment of new products withnoticeably extended functionality andincreased capability at lower costs. Evenbeyond the year 2010, the development ofMicroelectronics will not be restricted byphysical-technological limitations so thatchallenges lie in the mastery of the designcomplexity – the technological standard ismore than 100 million transistors on anarea of few square centimetres – and inthe economical use of these technologicalpossibilities.

Against this background, the ResearchGroup of System and Circuit Technologydevelops microelectronic devices and sys-tems in digital and analog circuit technolo-gy. A special focus is on massively parallelrealisations and the evaluation of theresource efficency of such implementa-tions. Here, resource efficiency means tohandle the physical quantities space, timeand energy economically.

Our research and technological transferactivities concentrate on the centraldomains of Cognitronics and Mediatronics.The theoretical and practical education ofstudents in managing and mastering thekey technology of microelectronics in con-crete applications of information andautomation technology goes hand in handwith our research work.

Cognitronics

Cognitronics deals with the development ofmicroelectronic circuits for a resource-effi-cient realisation of cognitive systems. It isthe aim of our research activities to equiptechnical products with cognitive skills inorder to improve their functionality andmake them more reliable and user-friendly.

Examples of cognitronic systems havedeveloped in nature in great numbers overthe course of evolution. It therefore makessense to transfer biological informationprocessing principles onto technical sys-tems. Central to our work is the analysis ofthe theoretical capability and the integra-tion-oriented realisation of such principles.

Mediatronics

Mediatronics is a new interdisciplinaryresearch field at the Heinz Nixdorf Insti-tute, which is concerned with the situativeintegration of technical products and sys-tems into open systems. In future, thesesystems will be marked, to an even greaterextent, by a decentral organisation ofdynamically connected, intelligent compo-nents.

Our aim is to develop and providemethods and techniques that enable tech-nical products to communicate and coop-erate efficiently. Here, we follow newapproaches to use the available computingpower and network resources efficiently inorder to optimally meet the demands forservice quality and reliability of futurecommunication systems.

Microelectronics as technological basis for Mediatronics and Cognitronics



Workgroup48

Challenge

The transfer of natural cognitive principlesonto technical systems stimulates thedevelopment of innovative products withnew features and a significantly enhanceduser-friendliness. These products are ableto independently and optimally adaptthemselves to new environmental condi-tions and requirements. A main emphasisof our work is on the development of cog-nitronic sub-systems for use in mobiledevices. With resource-efficient microelec-tronic circuits, we meet the particularrequirements of these devices, which haveto manage with limited energy resources.Cooperation partners are: Bosch (Reutlin-gen), Hella (Lippstadt) and the K-Team(Lausanne).

Ultrasonic Sensor Technology

Ultrasonic sensors enable autonomousrobots to explore the area of their immedi-ate environment. Following the orientationsystem of bats, we investigate to whatextent the arrangement of three piezo-ceramic ultrasonic converters (one trans-mitter and two receivers) are suitable toobtain a two-dimensional image of theenvironment.

Here, in contrast to the conventionalpulse echo method, we analyse a continu-ous transmitting and receiving of modulat-ed pseudo-random sequences. In that way,it is possible to compensate for the smallbandwidth of a piezo-ceramic converter. Inaddition, a suitable choice of sequencesand the application of correlation measure-ment techniques facilitate the use of sever-al robots in a joint environment.

Symposium on Autonomous

Minirobots

Minirobots were the central topic of the5th International Heinz Nixdorf Sympo-sium, which took place at the Heinz Nix-dorf Institute, University of Paderborn,from 22 to 24 October 2001. More than150 international participants turned theevent into a discussion forum, where infor-mation on current research projects andfuture developments in the field of miniro-bots was shared. Apart from attending pre-sentations of internationally well-knownscientists, the participants were offered theopportunity to present their robots inexperiments and to take part in a soccertournament for autonomous minirobots.The next conference will be held in Aus-tralia in 2003 under the auspices of theIEEE (http://wwwhni.upb.de/sct/sympo-sium).

Cognitronics “Smart Devices”

Soccer tournament with autonomous minirobots

Conference Proceedings of theAMiRE2001 Symposium onautonomous minirobots at the HeinzNixdorf Institute

Staff:Dipl.-Ing. M. BandykDipl.-Ing. M. FranzmeierDipl.-Ing. M. GruenewaldDipl.-Math. C. HoltzDipl.-Ing. B. IskeDipl.-Ing. J. KlaholdDipl.-Inform. M. SchmidtB.S. Y.A. DjawadM.S. T. Chinapirom

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. U. Witkowskiemail: [email protected]: +49 (0) 52 51/60 63 52Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 63 51wwwhni.upb.de/sct/kognitronik


System and Circuit Technology 49

Challenge

One of the most important sensory skills isseeing, which delivers very comprehensiveinformation on the environment. In robot-ics, there are vision systems for navigation-al tasks that are capable of evaluatingimage sequences and can thus, e. g., identi-fy objects and changes in the environment.

Conventional image processors arecomputationally intensive because largeamounts of data come up, from which thenecessary information has to be extracted.Additionally, many approaches use morethan one camera to make, e.g., three-dimensional seeing possible. Autonomousrobots are mostly unable to fulfil thesedemands since the existing computationalpower and the on-board energy resourcesare limited. Therefore, the Research Groupof System and Circuit Technology developssystems for resource-efficient vision sys-tems.

Optical Flow

Based on the robot platform Khepera, wedeveloped a prototype that is capable ofactive and purposeful seeing and thus isable to recognize elevations (upright obsta-cles) as well as depressions (holes, chasms,ends of the table). This makes obstacleavoidance possible. For this, the algorithmcalculates the optical flow in the image,which is caused by the robot’s movementson a locally flat ground. Object recognitionis carried out through the detection ofchanges in the static flow field of theground.

Only one camera and a relatively simplealgorithm are used. The latter evaluateseight pixel dots on a horizontal image line.With this simple approach, it is possible torecognize objects with any form at all. Inaddition, the system can estimate the dis-tance to objects and check whether theoptical flow has been calculated correctly.The computing power of simple embeddedprocessors is sufficient to achieve imagerates of 10 images per second.

Infrared Sensor Technology

Besides seeing with the help of cameras,we investigate the efficiency of infraredsensors for object recognition and naviga-tion in unknown surroundings.

Through the simulation of systems withactive infrared sensor technology, weobtain statements on the cognitive capaci-ty as regards arbitrary numbers, structuresand characteristics of sensor arrays.

The simulation is based on raytracingprocedures known from the field of com-puter graphics. The brightness of the signaland, for extending conventional raytracing,its duration are taken into account. Theviewed scene is not projected onto a planein front of the receiver but onto a spherethat surrounds it. In this way, impulseresponses of different sensor componentscan be determined.

Cheap VisionEfficient Visual Systems for Autonomous Robots

The minirobot Khepera with a camera module forcheap vision

Simulated scenario from a robot’s angle of view

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. U. Witkowski


Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 63 51wwwhni.upb.de/sct/kognitronik


Workgroup50

Challenge

A substantial basis for the rapid advance-ment of our information society is the pro-vision of efficient and reliable communica-tion systems. An important characteristic offuture networks will be the independentadaptation of net resources to varyingoperating conditions.

The aim of our research is the develop-ment and analysis of cognitive networkcomponents, which adjust, through self-optimisation, their computation and com-munication capacity to the requirements indynamically changing network environ-ments. Cooperation partners are: PhoenixContact (Blomberg), Infineon (Munic) andthe PC2 (Paderborn).

Agents in Distributed Building

Automation Systems

Software agents increasingly gain accept-ance as a new, independent program para-digm in intranets and the Internet. Theyautonomously search for information on aspecific topic, bid at on-line auctions, orcarry out applications in production plan-ning and control.

Meanwhile, in modern buildingautomation systems, not only devices ofthe technical building units but also fromall areas of everyday life are, with increas-ing frequency, connected with each other.Components of consumer electronic prod-ucts or household appliances, components

of security systems and mobile communi-cation systems form networks of severalthousand clients within one building. In thepremises of the Research Group of Systemand Circuit Technology, a large part of thetechnical equipment is, for research pur-poses, networked to form a modern build-ing automation system. The configurationand control of the network componentsare conveniently carried out via Internet(http://wwwsct2.upb.de).

The use of agents in the field of build-ing automation for energy saving or morecomfort is a sensible supplement to exist-ing applications. It is one aim to optimallyuse the computing and communicationpower of existing systems. First investiga-tions into the feasibility and usefulness ofthis technology have been undertaken bythe Research Group of System and CircuitTechnology by extending DiLOS, the exist-ing software simulation tools for buildingautomation networks. For this, a basicagent system and a parent class have beenimplemented. These are still in use for fur-ther research into this technology, andalready have led to concrete results on thebasis of a sample scenario.

Mediatronics“Communication and Cooperation”

All functions of the animation tube in thepremises of the research group can be con-trolled via the Internet

Object classes of agents and agent systems

Staff:Dipl.-Ing. U. v. d. AheDipl.-Ing. A. BrinkmannDr. phil. A. GroteDipl.-Inform. R. HunstockDipl.-Ing. H. KalteDipl.-Ing. D. LangenDipl.-Ing. J.-C. NiemannDipl.-Ing. E. Vonnahme

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. M. Porrmannemail: [email protected]: +49 (0) 52 51/60 63 52Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 63 51wwwhni.upb.de/sct/mediatronik


System and Circuit Technology 51

Rapid Prototyping

Especially when developing microelectronicsystems, the time to market of a new prod-uct is a determinant of failure and success.Prototypical implementations help to con-vert ideas into products quickly and effec-tively. The Rapid-Prototyping System RAP-TOR2000, which has been developed at theResearch Group of System and CircuitTechnology, integrates all the importantcomponents to realize circuit and systemdesigns with a complexity of up to 60 mil-lion transistors. The integration of newdevelopments into a real system environ-ment facilitates, besides a considerableacceleration and simplification of the tests,an increase in reliability and a significantlyhigher test coverage than would be possi-ble with simulation tools only.

Application Example: Ethernet

Switch

The use of Ethernet in automation technol-ogy promises a standardization of companycommunications systems as well as lowercosts and a higher capacity than with com-mon field bus systems do.

In cooperation with the Phoenix Con-tact GmbH, we are developing an integrat-ed Ethernet switch, which fullfil essentialdemands of automation technology, suchas a deterministic bus access, a simple linetopology, a defined error handling and low

costs. The processing of the Ethernet pro-tocol by the switch is hardware-based, allhigher protocols can be processed on anintegrated processor.

In cooperation with Infineon AG(Munic) we have designed a 32bit RISCprocessor core for an embedded system.The complete microprocessor core is avail-able as a synthesiable VHDL model so thatexpansions of the instruction set are easilypossible. In addition, the technology-inde-pendent description makes it possible toreproduce the processor core by mapping itto different target technologies such asFPGAs or standard cells. Based on a 0.13 mm CMOS technology, the processorhas been fabricated by Infineon and suc-cessfully tested at the Research Group ofSystem and Circuit Technology. With a diesize of 0.25 mm_ and a clock rate of 160 MHz, the power consumption of thismodule is only 20 mW.

At the Research Group of System andCircuit Technology, the RAPTOR2000 sys-tem is used for the prototypical implemen-tation of a system-on-chip design thatintegrates the described Ethernet switchand the S-Core processor on one module.For the prototypical implementation, theEthernet switch is implemented on anFPGA module while the S-Core processor is used, as a discrete unit, on a secondmodule.

Rapid PrototypingPrototypical Implementation of Complex Circuit Designs

Module for RAPTOR2000 that integrates theprocessor core S-Core, developed at the ResearchGroup of System and Circuit Technology

Rapid prototyping system RAPTOR2000.

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. M. Porrmann


Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 63 51wwwhni.upb.de/sct/mediatronik


Today, new developments often emerge at the bordersbetween disciplines, where different ways of thinking confront and stimulate one another. Mechatronics, one of the key technologies of the 21st century lies within in this new field.

With Creativity to InnovationProf. Dr.-Ing. Jörg Wallaschek

Mechatronics andDynamics


Workgroup52


Mechatronics and Dynamics 53

Around 1975, the word Mechatronics wascharacterised by the Japanese ‘Ministry ofInternational Trade and Industry (MITI)’ toconcisely describe the control of machineswith the aid of microprocessors. Mecha-tronics owes its development particularlyto the increasing importance of informa-tion processing in the construction of newmachines. The main driving force was andstill is the rapid development of Microelec-tronics in the last decades.

Numerically controlled power tools,robots, electronic motor management, ABS,the airbag, CD-Player, walkman, video cam-eras etc. are typical examples of mecha-tronic systems. The Science of Mechatron-ics was developed through the attempt tounderstand the common elements behindthese many revolutionary new creations.

Systems can be described by theiroccurring matter, energy and informationflows at their inputs and outputs, as wellas through the ways in which they areconnected to one another. The informationflow in mechatronic systems is of particu-lar importance. In the past, informationflows had to be realised mechanically (levermechanisms, linkage system, etc.); today,this can easily occur over standardised ITmodules. Microprocessors have becomemachine elements like screws, clutches andsimilar. The coupling of technical systemson the level of information processing isparticularly easy to realise. Advantageous –but also a risk – of this immaterial couplingis the enormous flexibility that results.Therefore, situation dependant actionbecomes possible. Machines are becoming‘intelligent’.

As with all other engineering sciences,the fundamental task lies in analysis andsynthesis. The challenge in the analysis isthe close coupling of mechanic, electronicand information processing modules withrespect to functionality. The respectivedomain specific descriptions must bebrought together. In addition to the syn-thesis of mechatronic systems, there is aneed to simultaneously consider functionaland creative points of view.

‘The art of building machines’ (mechan-ics) and therein consequently using thepossibilities allowed by microelectronics isone of the key technologies at the begin-ning of the 21st century.

While in the past years, the goal in thedevelopment of mechatronic systems wasmainly to transfer the functions ofmechanics to electronics and software,today increasingly the task is the integra-tion of systems in information processingnetworks in order to provide additionalfunctions. The automatic configuration inopen systems allows the co-operative, situ-ation-dependant behaviour of technicalsystems and builds an important founda-tion for the development of self-optimisingsystems.

We concentrate our foundational researchon the competency fields of:• Oscillation and Dynamics,• Contact Mechanics and Friction,• Piezoelectric Materials, and• Development Methodology of Mecha-

tronic Systemsand work within application projects fromthe areas of:• Actuators,• Ultrasound Technology, and• Automobile and Train Technologyin close partnership with industries.

In the past year, the area of Light Technol-ogy was particularly developed. Thisoccurred within the framework of the L-LAB, a competence centre for Light Tech-nology and Mechatronics supported by aPrivatePublicPartnership between the HellaKG Hueck & Co. and the University ofPaderborn. Meanwhile, 10 researchers areworking in the centre’s projects and aresearch lectureship of the Stifterverbandfür die Deutsche Wissenschaft wasemployed to involve itself with Active LightTechnologies.

Chance or risk? Successful techno-logy development with innovationmanagement. Berlin, Springer 2001


Workgroup54

Contact Model with 3-dimensional

Kinematics

In the contact modelling of travelling waveultrasonic motors the assumed movementof surface points is of major importance.Current contact models for travelling waveultrasonic motors incorporate a 2-dimen-sional kinematics. The procedure is justifiedby almost constant quantities within thecontact area in radial direction (normalstress and tangential velocity). The con-stancy is deduced from the small width ofthe contact area. Thereby, the additionalassumption is made, that the trajectories ofthe stator surface points do not have anyradial component. However, 3-dimensionalmeasurements of the trajectories of differ-ent stators have shown, that this assump-tion does not apply. This results in a moreor less large difference between the calcu-lated and the measured torque. Since theradial velocity component of the statorcontributes to the relative velocity betweenstator and contact layer, radial componentsof the friction forces occur. Therefore a 3-dimensional model including the radialcomponent must be developed.

Experimental Investigations

Using laser interferometers in a specialsetup the axial, radial and tangential vibra-tion components of three different statorshave been measured. In particular motorsproduced by ASMO and Shinsei as well as aself-made motor have been investigated.Considerable radial vibration componentshave been determined at all stators. Com-pared to the axial component the radialcomponents account for 24 % (ASMO-sta-tor and self-made stator) respectively 47 %(Shinsei).

Optimization of the Contact Condi-

tions

Deduction and implementation of the 3-dimensional contact model with tangen-tial elastic contact layer has not been com-pleted yet, but guidelines for improving thecontact conditions can be declared already.Independent of the actual shape of stickand slip zones, the radial vibration compo-nent decreases efficiency and lifetime.Therefore an important objective for thefurther development is to avoid radialcomponents by stator geometry modifica-tions. Another suggestion is a modificationin terms of the orientation of the contactarea. Tilting the contact area by a certainangle leads to a straight line for the pro-jection of the trajectory into the plane ofcontact. As a result the friction forces haveno radial component. Therefore the entirefriction force contributes to the torqueproduction.

Piezoelectric Ultrasonic MotorsTravelling Wave Ultrasonic Motor

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. Heiner Storckemail: [email protected]: +49 (0) 52 51/60 61 85Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 62 78wwwhni.upb.de/mud

Segmented piezoelectric ceramic bonded to thestator of a travelling wave ultrasonic motor

3-dimensional trajectory and its projection intothe area of contact

Rotor with tilted contact area to avoid radial friction force components

3-dimensional measurement of trajectories of statorsurface points



Friction in Ultrasonic Applications

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. Heiner Storck


Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 62 78wwwhni.upb.de/mud

Comparison of calculation and measurement

Piezoelectric ultrasonic vibrator

Test bench with aluminium track, carriage, force sensor and ultrasonic vibrator

Friction effects play an important role inmany ultrasonic applications. Examples arepiezoelectric ultrasonic motors (travellingwave ultrasonic motor, Paderborn rowingdevice) and ultrasound supported machin-ing processes (wire drawing, drilling, cut-ting). The observed reduction of the macro-scopic friction force is not due to a changeof friction mechanisms. In fact the reduc-tion can be explained by Coulombs frictionlaw, taking into account the microscopickinematics, as could be shown in a recentlycompleted research project.

Modeling

The two ultrasonic friction systems underinvestigation consist of a rigid body slidingover a rigid and flat plane at a prescribedvelocity under a constant normal force. Theprescribed motion consists of two compo-nents. The first one is a macroscopic con-stant velocity representing e. g. the rotormovement of an ultrasonic motor, the chipmovement in ultrasonic machining or thedrawing velocity in wire drawing. The sec-ond one is an harmonic velocity compo-nent representing the ultrasonic vibration.Neglecting out of plane movements twoextreme constellations are conceivable,where the macroscopic and harmonicvelocity components are parallel or perpen-dicular to each other.

Based on the kinematics and Coulomb’sfriction law the friction forces have beencalculated and the component of the fric-

tion force in direction of the macroscopicmovement has been averaged over oneperiod of the harmonic movement. As aresult the averaged friction force dependson the ratio of the constant velocity com-ponent and the harmonic velocity compo-nent. If the velocity ratio is smaller than 1,a significant reduction of the macroscopicfriction force compared to the frictionforce without ultrasonic vibration isobtained.

Experimental Investigations

For experimental validation of the theoreti-cal results a test bench was built that pro-vided the driving force necessary to movean ultrasonic vibrator along a track at aconstant speed. Due to the orientation ofthe ultrasonic vibrator either the parallel orthe perpendicular effect could be investi-gated. The mode of vibration was the firstmode of a free-free rod (λ/2, longitudinal)with a node in the middle and maximumamplitude at both ends where the crosssections were increased to obtain welldefined contact points. In order to deter-mine the reduction of the macroscopicfriction force, the friction forces with andwithout ultrasonic vibration were measuredwith a low bandwidth force sensor. Themeasurements confirm the reduction effectfor the perpendicular and the parallel case.Especially the match of the border likecharacteristic for the parallel superpositionis remarkable.


Workgroup56

Challenges

A systematic plan and an integrativeapproach offer considerable advantages inthe design of mechatronic systems. Today,efficient products, that prove themselvesthrough an attractive price-performance-ratio in market competition, are normallydeveloped in interdisciplinary teams. Thecore task of this team is to make reliable,quantitative statements to the mostimportant performance and efficiencycharacteristics of the end-product, despiteunknown influences and an already highdegree of uncertainty in the early stages ofthe system development. This way allowsalternative designs to be compared, theirchances and risks evaluated, and limiteddevelopment resources to be selectivelyimplemented.

Solution Approach

For many years, the area of Economics hasmade the effort to make exact cost andprofitability prognosis. As long as theseprognosis reach far into the future, newproducts or markets are concerned, it mustrely on unknown parameters based onvague assumptions as well as uncertaininformation. Since a few years, probabilistic

approaches have been used for the integra-tion of this information. The aim of thisresearch project which is performed incooperation with the DaimlerChryslerResearch Institute in Frankfurt is to analysethe transferability of these approaches tomechatronic design processes and to sub-stantiate these through an example devel-opment.

Pilot Project

The planning of a new vehicle series beginsyears before it is introduced into the mar-ket. In the framework of this pilot project,the possible benefits CVT driven auxiliarydevices in the compact vehicle class couldbring and which influences with respect topreciseness of these statements are partic-ularly critical, are to be analysed. Therefore,auxiliary devices and their transmissionsare modelled using the methods of Front-Load-Design. The operating behaviours ofthe auxiliary devices driven over a V-belt ora continues variable transmission are simu-lated with a development environmentunder MATLAB/Simulink. Thereby, state-ments about the achievable energy savingand other critical characteristics can bemade.

Application of Probabilistic Methods inMechatronic System Design

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. Wiro Wickordemail: [email protected]: +49 (0) 52 51/60 64 87Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 62 78wwwhni.upb.de/mud

The possibly most prominent Probability Distribu-tion

The MATLAB/Simulink Calculation Environment (Source: DaimlerChrysler Research Institute, Frankfurt)



In the framework of this research, a so-called Lifetime Observer is developed. Itstask is to deliver a prognosis about theremaining life of monitored (system) com-ponents. This is realised by equipping indi-vidual components or entire componentgroups with sensors and information pro-cessing processors and recording thedynamic strain, in the form of stress, forcesor acceleration. In the further course, thegained values will be used in a diagnosismodel, specifically a damage model.

For the purposes of developmentmethodology for mechatronic systems, afunctionality analysis is planned for theLifetime Observer, in which the entire func-tion ‘Remaining Lifetime Prediction’, isdivided into the following parts: ‘StressAscertainment’, ‘Accumulating Damage’and ‘Calculating Remaining Lifetime’. Thegoal therein is the derivation of a modularstructure.

The separate functions can be realisedin various ways: e.g. the establishment ofstress through direct measurement withstrain gauges can be used. However, it isalso possible to indirectly determine thestress through measuring acceleration orother parameters and using a model forthe calculation of the therewith connectedstress.

The single axle vehicle of the NBP-Shuttles (Project Neue Bahntechnik Pader-born) serves as an application example forlifetime monitoring.

Condition Monitoring in Mobile SystemsOnline Monitoring of Dynamically Loaded Structures Using a Lifetime Observer

Direct measurement of the stress on the axle

Indirect determination of stress according to theexample of the track guidance system

Typical construction of the Lifetime Observer

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. Sebastian Wedman


Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 62 78wwwhni.uni-paderborn.de/mud


Machine vision is an important example of the way artificialcognition can penetrate technological systems.The goal of our research activities is to make it possible touse the properties of biological visual systems and to incor-porate them in various applications such as the visually con-trolled, unassisted stripping of old cars.

Basics of Electrical EngineeringProf. Dr. rer. nat. Georg Hartmann

ElectricalEngineering


Workgroup58


Electrical Engineering 59

Our knowledge of the way the brain func-tions is currently growing faster than everbefore. This also means that cognitive skills,which have been the domain of humanbeings so far, are increasingly beingmapped on information processing systemsand deployed in industrial processes.

Machine vision is an important exampleof this penetration of artificial cognitioninto technological systems. Progress in thisarea is being advanced by the increase inunderstanding of visual information pro-cessing, by the possibility of modeling neu-ral architectures, by efficient artificial intel-ligence methods and, last but not least, byrapid growth in computer performance.

The goal of our research is to enable asmany properties of biological visual sys-tems as possible to be used in technology.In the meantime, we have managed tolearn objects quickly without having to gothrough the training sequences that areoften required. These objects can be recog-nized reliably and robustly from differentdistances, orientations and perspectives.We have largely achieved tolerance of theinevitable effects of lighting, aspect errorsand different shapes of the objects. Thisholistic recognition “at a glance” is basedon a neural architecture and on neural rep-resentations that are similar to those in thevisual cortex.

Thanks to a combination of the above-mentioned neural architecture with aknowledge-based system that builds on AImethods, we have implemented the abilityto look sequentially at interesting subob-jects and recognize the details of complexobjects, as well as the ability to infer theexistence of hidden object parts from thearrangements of subobjects.

One application of the methods thatwe have developed is sensor-controlled,unattended stripping of old cars. We havebeen able to present automatic unscrewingof car wheels using the demonstrator thathas been built (see the picture on the left).The active stereo head that was designedby our team recognized the wheels thathad to be removed and measured theirspatial position so that the robot was ableto approach precisely the screws on thewheels. Visitors to the special “Computer –Brain” exhibition at Heinz Nixdorf Muse-umsForum (HNF) from October 25, 2001, toMarch 1, 2002, can test for themselves theeffectiveness of this demonstrator, namedDEMON.

Our team's work focuses on the following:• Biological basics of vision• Basics of optical pattern recognition• Stereoscopic vision• Active recognition systems• Knowledge-based information processing• Visually controlled robots• Telesensor systems

Active stereo camera head

DEMON presentation at HNF

Contact:Dr.-Ing. Siegbert Druee

Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 22 15email: [email protected]

Neural Architectures and

Knowledge-Based Systems for

Machine Vision


Workgroup60

Among the things that have been devel-oped as part of the Visually ControlledRobots project is a robot that can be usedat different stages of a line to strip downold cars. The example chosen to demon-strate this robot was automatic stripping ofcar wheels and the removal by suction ofengine oil, fuel, brake fluid and other fluidsthat can endanger health.

It must be noted that the strippingprocess is very different from the assemblyprocess. Whereas it is possible to work withfirmly defined positions and parts duringassembly, the shape and position of objectsare unknown at the beginning of the strip-ping process. A stripping unit must there-fore analyze the object and react tochanged situations.

The visual sensor system in use consistsof an active stereo camera system that isinstalled as a stationary component in theworkspace, and a miniature camera systemthat features active control of the angle ofvergence and is attached to the robot's endeffector. The three-dimensional world coor-dinates that are identified via a stereoscop-ic method do not, however, relate to therobot's coordinate system and must there-fore be converted to it by means of affinetransformation. The transformation param-eters (Eulerean angles and translation vec-tor) are identified beforehand by means ofelaborate calibration.

However, the robotic system that hasbeen developed has a rigid link betweenthe two coordinate systems of the visualsystem and the robot. Even minor changesto the mechanical structure of the overallsystem or to the mapping properties of thecamera cause the robot's point of aim tobe calculated incorrectly, thus resulting inpotential collisions between the object andthe manipulator.

Motivated by the human example, wetherefore implemented the grip operationon the basis of coordination of movementand visual perception. Visual control of therobot's movement causes the gripper to be

moved successively to the object. This com-pensates for potential changes to thestructure or age-induced changes to thecamera's optical system.

The robotic system that was developedin the DEMON project, which was spon-sored by the German Federal Ministry ofEducation and Research (BMBF) and wasextended afterwards, makes it possible toachieve robust results with the developedrecognition strategies. Gripping positionsand collision-free trajectories can be iden-tified by measuring the objects to bemanipulated with two visual systems thatcan be used jointly or separately. The stereoand robot coordinate systems are uncou-pled from each other as a result of integra-tion of hand/eye coordination in the overallsystem. This means it is also possible toanalyze the manipulator's workspace bymeans of a camera system that, forinstance, is installed on a mobile robotwithout the relationship between the coor-dinate systems requiring elaborate calibra-tion.

Visually Controlled Robots

Miniature stereo camera system with active vergence control

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. Roland BrockersDipl.-Ing. Ralf StemmerPhone: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 22 17email: {brockers, stemmer}@get.upb.de


Electrical Engineering 61

The human visual system is clearly able togain relevant information from naturalscenes in an extremely efficient way inorder to recognize objects robustly. Biologi-cally motivated methods are thereforeplaying an increasingly significant role inindustrial image processing. The ambitiousgoal is to model at least parts of biologicalmechanisms and make them usable fortechnological image recognition tasks. Inaddition, such models and their simulationcan help give us a better understanding ofbiological processes.

Biological visual systems process visualinformation in neural networks on a mas-sively parallel basis. The linking structuresbetween the individual neural layers canmostly be described in early processing lay-ers by means of linear arithmetic opera-tions, and thus also be interpreted as two-dimensional digital filters for the localcoordinates of the image data. The outputsignal of so-called simple cells in the cere-bral cortex is very significant. These simplecells are excited by lines and edges of acertain orientation in the image. This linearlocal filter characteristic, implemented as aGabor filter bank, now plays an eminentrole in digital image processing. The fieldsof use range from classical object recogni-tion, texture analysis, fingerprint classifica-tion, face recognition, stereoscopic meth-ods through assessment of movement. Ourgoal is to model the processing of visualsignals of more highly developed creaturesso that the positive characteristics of thebiological example regarding extraction oforiented contour properties can be used fortechnological systems. Our current researchactivities relate, among other things, tomechanisms that enable the visual systemto adapt automatically to changes in theperceived scene. The adaptation of themodel's internal parameters to match vary-ing lighting situations is essential for sub-sequent extraction of properties and recog-nition of objects on the basis of theseproperties. For example, the perceived

image signal is overlaid by a noise processthat is generated by the image acquisitionprocess itself. The ratio of useful output tonoise output becomes worse the darker itgets. In the biological example, however,we observed that the size of the receptivefields in the retina increases when bright-ness decreases. Generally the result of thiswill be a reduction in high-sensitivity reso-lution but also greater averaging of thenoise process. Thus it seems plausible thatthis may counteract a worsening of thesignal-to-noise ratio.

Development of an adaptive modelusing biological visual systems by way ofexample promises efficient, robust extrac-tion of oriented contour properties. Thisintelligent preprocessing thus gives rise toa reliable image recognition strategy fortechnological applications even if lightingconditions are deteriorating.

Biologically-Motivated Image Processing

Extraction of contour properties in a darkened, noisy scene: with and withoutadaptive mechanisms

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. Joerg Thiem



In the context of mechatronics, the MLaP performs inter-disciplinary research at the junction between mechanicalengineering, electrical engineering, and information resp.computer science. The most important parts in the design of novel active system components with respect to their functions are systematic integration, conception, and man-agement of distributed processes under real-time conditions.

Mechatronics in Trend-Setting ApplicationsProf. Dr.-Ing. Joachim Lückel

Mechatronics

Laboratory Paderborn

Workgroup62



Mechatronics Laboratory Paderborn 63

The design and realization of mechatronicsystems are at the outset of a productionprocess and thus represent the decisiveearly stages in the development of novelproducts. Mechatronic systems are charac-terized by high demands on the dynamicbehavior, which are fulfilled by the integra-tion of mechanical structures with sensors,actuators and extensive, usually digitaldata processing.

The focus of the design of mechatronicsystems must be a “function-oriented”approach in the above sense, quite in con-trast to conventional mechanical engineer-ing tradition, where almost exclusively a“shape-oriented ” approach is applied,based on an evolutionary “trial and error”development cycle.

The research activities of the MLaP includethe following:Software-oriented research: • Object-oriented modelling of mechatron-

ic systems with consideration of the dif-ferent physical principles of mechanics,hydraulics and electrical engineering.

• Development of new concepts for hard-ware-in-the-loop systems as well as dis-tributed simulation through the imple-mentation of a hardware-independentsimulation platform.

• Advancement of computer-aided designprocedures for the implementation ofcontrols in linear and nonlinear multi-state systems.

Application oriented research:• Development of mechatronic systems in

automotive engineering, in particularactive suspension and hybrid vehicles.

• Conception of new drive and suspensionsystems for rail-mounted vehicles (“NeueBahntechnik Paderborn”).

• Control of robots with open loop(“tempo”) and closed loop (“TriPlanar”)kinematics with special consideration ofhigh model depth regarding flexiblestructures and high course accuracy.

• Analysis of systems of precision mechan-ics, such as printer systems, cash dis-pensers and precision positioningmachines in the micro- and nanometerarea.

The main goal of education at the MLaP isto propagate the new integrative researchfield mechatronics, in particular by meansof advanced methods for the control ofmechatronic systems developed in the fieldof research.

The mechatronic development cycle

Modelling, analysis and synthesis of mechatronicsystems with the software package CAMeL-Viewdeveloped by the MLaP

Synthesis

Realizati

on

An

aly

sis

M

od

ellin

g


Workgroup64

The X-mobile, an autonomous vehicle, isthe visible result of a cooperation betweendifferent departments at the University ofPaderborn. It was motivated by several fac-tors: an important aspect was the intentionto make research results fruitful for stu-dents. They are to apply knowledge theyhave acquired while working in teams andto distribute the tasks to be done amongthemselves.

Another reason to develop the vehicleis the opportunity to check up on novelapproaches to the research of mechatronicsystems. The vehicle is a fine example ofhow mechatronic systems are designed; thedesign methodology was conceived at theMLaP and centers around a holistic, inter-disciplinary consideration of all systemcomponents involved. Moreover, due to itscomplexity, the X-mobile can also serve asa testing ground for real-time soft- andhardware.

The development of the X-mobile wasoriginally motivated by a research projectsponsored by the Deutsche Forschungsge-meinschaft. In this project, an inner-cityvehicle for the distribution of goods isexamined to determine the interactionsbetween the constructive and the mecha-tronic side in the design process. As a firststep in view of an eventual service vehicle,we have constructed the functional proto-type X-mobile.

In the design of the X-mobile, modular-ity as a structuring principle played animportant part: only by splitting up thelarge units into encapsulated parts - thisholds for the mechanical, the electronicalas well as the information-processing units- was an efficient design possible.

During the first stages in the develop-ment, concepts and functions including theworking principles to be applied for theproblem to be tackled were selected andanalyzed by means of computer-aidedmethods. The basis for this is an all-pur-pose model representation developed atthe MLaP especially for the design ofmechatronic systems.

X-mobileAutomotive Engineering/Education

Contact:Dipl.-Ing. Thorsten KochPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 55 72email: [email protected]

Dipl.-Math. Frank ScharfeldPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 55 70email: [email protected]

MSc. Mauro ZanellaPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 56 14Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 55 79email: [email protected]

Structure of a wheel module

The X-mobile


Mechatronics Laboratory Paderborn 65

Modular Railway SystemNeue Bahntechnik Paderborn

Active Suspension/Tilt module (test bet)

Active Suspension/Tilt module (principle)

Contact:Prof. Dr.-Ing. Joachim LueckelPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 55 60


Dr.-Ing. Karl-Peter JaekerPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 55 74


www-nbp.upb.de

Today's traffic systems must master constantly growing traffic volume. Thedemands on security, comfort and speed of the system are rising. They can be metonly by a new traffic concept, in the pres-ent case a railway concept, and not just by modifications to the conventional prin-ciple.

The basis is a fully automatic railwaysystem with small, freely configurable,modularly structured, and highly flexibleunits, so-called shuttles, on a partly intelli-gent track to be adjusted to the shuttles'specific needs via radio. The shuttles moveautomatically and directly to the destina-tion on customers' requests. The system ismanaged by a logistical concept realizedwith the help of the agent technique. Thecrucial point is not the speed, but the timeit takes to travel from starting point tofinal destination, without delays such astransfers, stops, or changes. The NBP rail-way system allows consistent applicationof an expressly developed migration strate-gy with existing railway traffic.

The main functions of supporting,guiding, and driving are no longer realizedvia the contact surfaces between thewheels and the rails, which hardly exceedthe size of a two-euro piece. In this waythe friction, and thus also the wear of thecomponents, is reduced despite high travel-ling speed. The advantages of the existingwheel/rail technology reside in a rail systemstandardized throughout Europe and in thefact that no new areas have to be built upwhile the links into the city centers arealready in place.

Here the reflections of the Paderbornresearchers set in. The NBP projects a linear drive for traditional wheel/rail sys-tems which is no longer transmitted by the wheels, but by a travelling magneticfield, just as in the case of the TRAN-SRAPID. In addition, in order to improvethe drive comfort, active vibration dampingand tilting of the car body in curves as wellas active steering in curves are applied. The active vibration damping of the bogiesand the wheel-sets reduce the wear ofwheels and rails and thus also the mainte-nance costs. The system includes passiveswitches where the vehicle can set itsproper course. A traditional switch with an

intermediate position for new shuttlesensures its being integrated into conven-tional railway services.

The modular rail system developed bythe NBP includes three modules:• Linear drive/brake module: Due to alinear drive, starting and braking can beperformed wear-free. The new drive tech-nology can be realized on existing tracks sothat a mixed operation would be possible. • Guidance/steering module: With activesteering and active wheel-set bearing it ispossible to drive the vehicle with muchmore hold on the rail and with less wear.• Active suspension/tilt module: Anactive suspension system ensures comfort-able suspension of the car body withunequalled ride comfort. This influencesboth the vertical and the horizontaldynamics. Additionally the steering elementis implemented and the longitudinaldynamics comfortably adjusted with thehelp of the guidance actuators.

With this train system smaller units, so-called shuttles, can be flexibly arranged.The transport of goods sensitive to oscilla-tion and impact can be ensured by theactive chassis.

Construction of the test vehicle


Parallel and distributed computation allows for the computa-tion of large, computationally intensive problems in scienceand technology. The challenge is now to further improve thistechnology, to utilize its potential fully for application and todevelop new dimensions in implementation.

Reaching New Magnitudes through the Efficient Use of Paralleland Distributed SystemsProf. Dr. rer. nat. Burkhard Monien

Parallel ComputingParallel Computing

Workgroup66

3D-Visualisation of the HNI building (Olaf Schmidt)


Parallel Computing 67

The provision of powerful computing per-formance is a key requisite for the imple-mentation of complex systems and applica-tions in science and technology. Today,high-performance computers generallytake the shape of parallel computers. Insuch systems, a complex task is notprocessed by one single computer, but byseveral computers simultaneously. Theseshare the workload in a similar way to anassembly line or a large company with dif-ferent business areas. The parallel comput-ing performance can be produced both bya single computer, comprised of severalprocessors, and by several computers, thatare distributed at differents sites and com-municating with each other.

The analysis and design of efficientparallel and distributed computer architec-tures, the development of powerful meth-ods of implementing applications on thosesystems, and implementing prototypes ofthose applications are essentially the areascovered by the “Parallel Computing”research area.

One major field of application is that of computer simulation by parallel com-puters. Expensive and time-consuming testseries, or dangerous experiments, canincreasingly be replaced by computer simu-lations. The visualisation of 3-dimensionalobjects in real-time is of enormous rele-vance both to computer simulation and toa wide range of other applications. Thenecessary computing power can only beprovided by means of scalable parallelcomputers. Such great computing power isalso needed for solving decision-makingproblems in a wide variety of planningissues such as how valuable resources canbe saved or systems used more efficientlyin traffic regulation. The methods wedevelop are especially tested in the field ofparallel chess programming. The Paderbornchess program P.ConNers was the firstchess program in the world to win an offi-cial Grandmaster chess tournament (July2000). Applications using parallel and dis-tributed computing are also found in thefield of networked multimedia systems,where memory and computing perform-ance is made available “on demand”.

Against this background our mainresearch areas are: • The theoretical fundamentals of parallel

computing; • The architecture and operation of parallel

and distributed computing systems;• The use of parallel computing to solve

complex problems in science and tech-nology.

The working group participates in numer-ous national and international funded pro-jects, in which the results of research areapplied for solving practical problems ofthe industrial partners. Conversely, theclose cooperation with the industrial part-ners over and over again leads to newimpulses and questions stimulating ourown research activities.

With our teaching programs we aim toprovide the students with sound knowhow, that is close to research, in the fieldof Parallel Computing, with comprehensiveskills for practical use and with experiencesin real projects.

Leading conference in the field of Parallel Computing in Europe


Workgroup68

Computer GraphicsParallel Photorealistic Picture Synthesis as a Service in e-Commerce Scenarios

Contact:Dipl.-Inform. T. PlachetkaPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60-67 30Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60-66 97email: [email protected] www.upb.de/cs/plachetk

BMBF project HiQoS

Goals of the project HiQoS (High Perfor-mance Multimedia Service with Quality ofService Guarantees), supported by the Ger-man Ministry of Education, Research andTechnology (BMBF), are an implementationof tools for development of high perform-ance multimedia services, a prototypicaldevelopment of the services and their eval-uation in selected industrial applications.The services integrate continuous mediaand allow parallel computations of photo-realistic animations using standard Internettechnologies. The work focuses on the fol-lowing two fields:1. parallel computation of photorealisticanimations2. quality of service (QoS) guarantees in anetwork of media servers.

Rendering

Efficient data-parallel algorithms for thesimulation of global illumination, especiallydata-parallel ray tracing and data-parallelradiosity, have been developed at the Uni-versity of Paderborn during the HiQoS proj-ect. These algorithms are integrated in adistributed system as e-commerce services.

The HiQoS Rendering System allows toconnect several high performance comput-ers in different computing centers and touse them simultaneously.

A user of the system connects to theservice broker (via a web interface), logsinto the system and sends a rendering job.The specification of a rendering job con-sists of a 3D model (geometry, materialsand light sources), cameras and controllingparameters which describe what should becomputed and how the results are going tobe accessed. Extended VRML 2.0 and 3DSformats are supported for the 3D datainterchange in order to achieve a compati-bility with contemporary 3D modelers.

The jobs are distributed by the schedul-ing system onto available resources. Care istaken of a good resource utilization. Thearchitecture of the system guarantees anequal load distribution by computations ofanimations or single pictures.

The user receives an e-mail notificationafter a job has been computed. The resultsof the jobs can be accessed either via e-mail or via a web interface.

The HiQoS Rendering system was suc-cessfully tested in two application scenar-ios:1. by the company IEZ AG in a combinationwith the software Speedikon W in architec-tural visualization2. by the company UPSTART! in a combina-tion with 3D Studio Max in film and multi-media production.

Architecture of the HiQoS Rendering System

Photorealistic visualization of 3D models of existing or virtual environments can significantlyreduce the costs of film production.Above: A computer reconstruction of the Cathedral in Wetzlar

Photorealistic visualization helps architects and building contractors by planning

The HiQoS-Consortium


Parallel Computing 69

Motivation

Over the past fifty years, researchers inComputer Science have sought andachieved a useful and productive founda-tional understanding of the von Neumanncomputer. They have developed a goodunderstanding of what kind of problemscan be solved on a von Neumann comput-er. Moreover, efficient algorithms areknown for many of the solvable problems.Nevertheless, there are situations in ourhighly connected world (e.g. regarding thenetwork flow in the Internet and in similarmass-communication networks), in whichit seems to be too expensive, resp. impossi-ble at all, to make a central authority opti-mally solve all occurring problems. Let usinspect the Internet at a fixed point oftime: There are lots of data-packageswhich have to be sent from their origins tosome destinations. It seems to be impossi-ble to send all these packages in such away, that their average duration time inthe system is minimized, because the arisenoptimization problem has become so bigthat it is not possible to collect and toprocess all necessary information. One doesnot even exactly know the topology of theInternet. Therefore, the routing of packagesis organized in a way that all involved users(e.g. network users or the packages them-selves) route their packages in a selfishmanner.

In the recent past, interaction concern-ing the just mentioned domain has beenestablished between Game Theory andComputer Science. A fundamental questionof Game Theory is, which behavior is rec-ommended to the involved individuals byrationality. How should individuals act in agiven 'game'? Game Theorists mostly pre-sume that each individuum possesses hisown target function, which he tries tooptimize, and the predominant concept ofrational behavior is the so called Nashequilibrium. It describes stable states indynamic systems, in which no player canincrease his payoff, under the assumptionthat all other players do not change theirplans.

A typical task for our group is to exam-ine the ratio between a worst-case Nashequilibrium and the optimum of payoffs,under certain conditions. Another question

may be under which conditions a Nashequilibrium and an optimal solution arecoincident. Moreover, there are challengeslike finding out how Nash equlilibria canefficiently be computed.

Another branch of Game Theory thatcontains connections to Computer Scienceis that of the so called extensive games.Here, various players are inside a dynamicenvironment, in which certain events allowthe players to start an action. Certainly, it isno accident that many of our parlourgames have this special structural property.Usually, the players are allowed to actround robin, as it is in games like chess,checkers or Siedler. The reason is that time,and actions in time, are essential propertiesof our social world.

Activities that originated from

the DFG Focal Point

'Selektive Suchverfahren'

We develop algorithms which allowmachines playing extensive games withhigh quality. Moreover, for the so calledTwo-Person-Zerosum-Games we havedeveloped parallel algorithms which havebeen successfully applied in pratice, espe-cially in the chess program P.ConNerS.P.ConNerS was the first chess program inthe world to win an official Grandmasterchess tournament.

The EU Project FLAGS

The challenge of this project is to under-stand the special properties of large mobilenetworks, to control the bottle necks con-tained, and to develop efficient and robustprotocols. On that way, we are inspired byC.H. Papadimitriou, who suggests that themathematical tools and insights, mostappropriate for the understanding of theInternet may come from a fusion of algo-rithmic ideas with concepts and techniquesfrom Mathematical Economics and GameTheory.

Applied Game Theory

Contact:Dr. rer. nat. Ulf Lorenz


www.uni-paderborn.de/cs/ag-monien/

Extensive games can be represented by gametrees. In Two-Person-Zerosum-Games you canassign an unequivocal value to each node.

Leadership in change – The Paderborn chess program P.ConNerS was the first in the world thatcould win an official grandmaster chess tourna-ment.

This is not possible for n-player games.

(0.5,0.5,0) (0,0.5,0.5) (1,0,0)

(0.3,0.3,0.3)

(0.3,0.3,0.3)

(0,0.5,0.5)(0.5,0.5,0)

1 1

1 0

1

1

1 0


The Applied Physics group (Prof. Dr. W. Sohler) is engaged inthe field of integrated optics. Lithium niobate is used as sub-strate material due to its excellent electro-, acousto- and non-linear optical properties. A variety of optically and/or electri-cally controllable, miniaturized waveguide devices and opticalcircuits are developed for applications in optical communica-tion and optical metrology.

Integrated Optics in Lithium NiobateProf. Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Sohler


Workgroup70



Applied Physics /Integrated Optics 71

Micrograph of a preferentially etched surface of a periodically poled Ti:LiNbO3-waveguide.

Optical network demonstrator with integratedacoustooptical circuits. (Contribution to the exhi-bition “Stein der Weisen” in the former Germanparliament building in Bonn in September 2000.This exhibition was part of the activities of theGerman Physical Society im “Jahr der Physik”(year of physics)).

The idea of integrated optics is – in a cer-tain analogy to integrated electronics – todevelop miniaturized waveguide devicesand complex optical circuits on a commonsubstrate. This goal is also pursued by theApplied Physics / Integrated Optics groupusing lithium niobate as substrate materialwith its excellent electro-, acousto- andnonlinear optical properties. Moreover,doping lithium niobate with laser activeions enables the development of integratedoptical amplifiers and lasers. Foci of thecurrent research activities are as follows:

Technology

Low-loss integrated optical waveguides,fabricated by an indiffusion of evaporatedand photo-lithographically defined titani-um stripes of a few micrometer width, pro-vide the basis for the development of alldevices and circuits. Besides photolithogra-phy and diffusion other fabrication tech-nologies adapted from micro-electronics(e.g. evaporation, sputtering, …) are used aswell. Moreover, lithium niobate specifictechnologies (e.g. periodic poling of ferro-electric microdomains, holographic writingof photorefractive gratings,…) are devel-oped by the group. These activities areaccompanied by advanced characterisationtechniques (e.g. optical, electron and scan-ning atomic force microscopy, spec-troscopy, …).

Nonlinear Optical Devices

Periodically poled Ti:LiNbO3 (Ti:PPLN)waveguides are the basis of optical fre-quency converters in the near (NIR) andmid (MIR) infrared spectral range. Current-ly, nonlinear optical difference frequencyconverters in the NIR are developed forapplications as wavelength channel con-verters in optical distribution networkswith dense wavelength division multiplex-ing (DWDM) (2 EU-funded research pro-jects).

In the MIR, optical parametric oscilla-tors (OPO) enable high resolution, selectiveanalysis of trace gases with key applica-tions in environmental sensing.

Erbium-doped Lasers

The combination of laser-active erbiumdoping with the electrooptical, nonlinearoptical and photorefractive properties ofthe substrates lead to the development ofminiaturized lasers with attractive features.Actively mode-locked waveguide lasersprovide stable pulse sequences for applica-tion as an optical “clock” in high data ratenetworks. Lasers with photorefractive grat-ings show, due to the wavelength-selectivefeedback, a single frequency emission asrequired in optical DWDM networks and ininterferometric metrology.

Integrated Acousto- and

Electrooptics

The efficient interaction of surface acousticwaves with guided optical waves in com-bined optical and acoustical Ti:LiNbO3-waveguide structures is the basis for wave-length-selective, tunable polarisation con-verters. By the combination of such con-verters with polarisation splitters a wholefamily of devices has been developed forapplications in optical communication, e.g.tunable wavelength filters, switches andmultiplexers. An optical network demon-strator with cross-connects was developedand successfully presented at several exhi-bitions.

Moreover, due to the frequency shiftaccompanying the acoustooptical modeconversion some other interesting applica-tions in optical metrology are possible. Oneof them is discussed in the project exampleof the acoustooptical heterodyne interfer-ometer.

Additionally, the group works on elec-trooptical modulators mainly for themonolithic integration in the resonator ofErbium-doped mode-locked or Q-switchedlasers. Furthermore, electrooptical devicesfor the compensation of polarization modedispersion are developed; details are dis-cussed in the project example.


Workgroup72

Background

Polarization mode dispersion (PMD) refersto the different propagation behavior oflight with orthogonal polarization states inoptical transmission links using opticalfibers. In recent years PMD turned out inparticular as a central problem for the highdata rate communication (with capacities> 10 Gbit/s). PMD induces a signal degra-dation, which causes errors during the sig-nal identification or limits the maximumlength of the transmission line. The inte-grated optical PMD compensator can com-pensate the PMD of a fiber-optic transmis-sion line. Thus, at the output of the devicethe original signal form is regenerated andtherefore enables an error free detection ofthe transmitted information.

The Device

The device consists of a birefringent opticalwaveguide in lithium niobate with morethan 100 individually addressable elec-trodes. An electro-optical polarization con-version can be induced by applying volt-ages on each electrode. In this way, it ispossible to emulate the polarization char-acteristic of the transmission line in inverseway and thus to compensate the PMD. Thedesign and the complex electronics weredeveloped by the group “Optical Communi-cation and High Frequency Engineering”(Prof. Noé) in the Department of ElectricalEngineering of the University.

Applications

The application of such PMD compensatorsin high speed optical transmission systemswas investigated by the group of Prof. Noéand by Siemens in Munich. A substantialimprovement of the transmission qualitycould be demonstrated in 10 Gbit/s and 40Gbit/s systems. Improved PMD compen-sators are currently being developed for theATLAS project (ATLAS = All optical Terabitper second LAmbda Shifted transmission).This is a project with 11 European partnerswithin the framework of the EuropeanUnion program IST (Information SocietyTechnologies). First system experiments willbe carried out soon in Italy.

Project Example: Integrated PMD Compensators

Contact:Dr. Hubertus SuchePhone: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 27 13Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 34 22email: [email protected]/int-opt.htm

Fig. 1: Packaged PMD-compensator with fiberpigtails.

Fig. 2: Spectral characteristic of the electro-opti-cal polarization conversion of the PMD compen-sator.


Applied Physics /Integrated Optics 73

Background

Contact free measurement of even smallestmovements is a domain of optical meas-urement techniques. In particular the het-erodyne method is a well-proven techniquefor such measurements. Nowadays, com-mercial heterodyne interferometers areavailable using conventional (three-dimen-sional) optics. The goal of this researchproject is to develop a compact, monolithi-cally integrated interferometer

The Integrated Optical Circuit

The structure of the interferometer in itsfinal development stage is shown schemat-ically in Fig. 1. In an integrated laser, whichis optically pumped from an external pumplaser, the narrow-band, coherent radiationis generated. A part of the light is frequen-cy-shifted in the acoustooptical polariza-tion converter by the frequency of theacoustic surface wave (approximately 170MHz). The two waves, which are orthogo-nally polarized, are then spatially separatedin the polarization splitter and enter themeasuring and reference arms of the inter-ferometer, respectively. In both arms, afraction of the waves is reflected from themoving object under test or from the refer-ence mirror. These reflected waves experi-ence a polarization conversion after pass-ing through the phase shifter and elec-trooptical mode converter, so that they arerouted to the same waveguide behind thepolarization splitter. After a subsequentelectrooptical polarization conversion thetwo waves can produce interferences andone can detect the heterodyne signal withphotodiodes at both outputs behind a fur-ther polarization splitter. The evaluation of

the signals is performed using appropriateelectronics.

Results

So far optical circuits were fabricated,which already contain all elements apartfrom the integrated laser. The operationalprinciple was verified with a vibrating mir-ror as a test object. The electrical spectrumof the heterodyne signal detected at theoutput with photodiodes is shown in Fig. 2.Besides the central line with the intermedi-ate frequency, i.e. the frequency of theacoustic wave, sidebands occur. From theirstrength the vibration amplitude of theobject under test can be determined. Thelarge difference of the level of the signal atthe intermediate frequency to the noisebackground enables the measurement ofvery weak vibrations with amplitudes in thesub nanometer range.

The work was performed as an activityof the Research group “Integrierte Optik inLithiumniobat: neue Bauelemente, Schalt-kreise und Anwendungen” (IntegratedOptics in Lithium Niobate: new devices, circuits and applications), which is support-ed by the “Deutsche Forschungsgemein-schaft”.

Project Example: Integrated AcoustoopticalHeterodyne Interferometer

Fig.1 Integrated optical heterodyne interferometer.

Fig.2: Electrical spectrum of the measurementsignal of the heterodyne interferometer.

Contact:Selim Reza

email: [email protected]: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 42 39

Fax: + 49 (0) 52 51/60 34 22www.physik.upb.de/int-opt.htm

Fig.3: Packaged, integrated acoustoopticalheterodyne interferometer with fiber pigtails.


From the Algorithm to the ChipProf. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Teich

Computer EngineeringLaboratoryComputer Engineering Laboratory

Workgroup74

Rapidly growing integration densities will soon allow imple-mentation of not only one but whole arrays of microproces-sors on a single die. In the Computer Engineering Laboratory(DATE Institute), we investigate new design methodologiesand develop tools for massively parallel processor systems tohandle the enormous complexity of future chip generations.These tools facilitate the complex design flow from algorithmspecification to chip implementation.


Computer Engineering Laboratory 75

Massive Speedup by Massive

Parallelism

Life cycles of technical products are con-tinuously decreasing, especially in the areaof computer technology. This cascadingeffect becomes possible by the fact thatcomputers themselves are used to designnew powerful microprocessors for the nextcomputer generation. Thus, the design timefor new microprocessor generations rapidlydecreases.

Beyond that, in the last years, micro-processors are used more and more inproducts where the presence of micro-processors is not obvious: Cellular phones,PDAs, medical technology, entertainmentelectronics, and in the automotive world.

Unlike typical computers like PCs andworkstations, these so-called embeddedsystems are specialized to a certain class ofapplications and highly optimized withrespect to computation speed, costs, inter-face bandwidth, energy consumption, etc.

The goal of our work in the ComputerEngineering Laboratory (DATE Institute,www-date.upb.de) is to develop new pow-erful CAD tools that allow a drastic reduc-tion in the design time of tomorrow´scomputer generations.

In this report, we present our activitiesin the area of design methodologies fordedicated massively parallel processor sys-tems.

Prototyping system for complex processor architectures


Workgroup76

A series of parallel algorithms in the fieldof image processing, computer graphics,cryptography, linear algebra, and signalprocessing contains a lot of inherent paral-lelism. These algorithms are highly relevantin standards like UMTS for mobile radiocommunication or MPEG4 for image pro-cessing. Besides, the next generation ofULSI chips will allow implementation ofarrays of more than 10 x 10 32bit micro-processors on a single die. On the onehand, the implementation of the men-tioned standards requires optimum per-formance. On the other hand, systems aresubject to HW-costs, size, and energy con-sumption constraints. Technical analystsforesee the dilemma of not being able tofully exploit next generation hardwarecapabilities because of a lack of mappingtools.

From Algorithm to Hardware

Within the project SFB 376 “Massively Par-allel Computation” sponsored by the Ger-man Science Foundation (DFG), we pursuea methodology to map computational-intensive algorithms efficiently to processorarrays.

In this context, the design tool PARO(Piecewise Linear Algorithm and Architec-ture Research and Optimization) is current-ly being developed. In the upper left figure,the design flow of PARO is outlined.

In the first phase, the PARO frontendextracts the inherent parallelism of thegiven algorithms (C- or Java-programs) andtransforms these algorithms into a nota-tion which allows for parallelization. Dur-ing further refinements, the algorithm islocalized and homogenized. Homogeniza-tion is used to guarantee the scalability ofthe resulting processor array. Localizationmeans that communication is permittedonly between adjacent processors. Theadvantages of short communication chan-nels result in an increase in speed andadditionally, in a reduction of costs andenergy consumption.

In numerous applications, computationintensive algorithms are specified by n-dimensional loop programs. But in practice,only one- or two dimensional processorarrays can be manufactured. Here, map-pings are needed that determine whichcomputations are executed at what timeand on what processor. The degree of free-dom for mapping is enormous, the chal-lenge is to develop efficient algorithms forfinding optimal solutions in terms of exe-cution time, energy consumption, etc.

Furthermore, hardware resources areoften limited, so that efficient partitioningtechniques must be developed.

Throughout the whole design flow,mathematical libraries for integer linearalgebra and linear optimization are inten-sively used. The correctness of each refine-ment step is guaranteed. The designprocess can be simulated and visualized atevery time step.

Program in …Exploitation of Hidden Parallelism by Program Transformations

Contact:Prof. Dr.-Ing. Juergen TeichFachgebiet Datentechnik (DATE)Phone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 30 02Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 42 21email: [email protected]

Dipl.-Inform. Marcus BednaraPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 39 21 email: [email protected]

Dipl.-Ing. Frank HannigPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 39 23email: [email protected]

Design Flow

Design Tool PARO


Computer Engineering Laboratory 77

The back-end generates a structural designrepresentation of the transformed algo-rithm in a hardware description language(VHDL).

Here, the first step (allocation) is todetermine which resources are available forcomputing the algorithm, followed by thescheduling which assigns a start time toeach operation and the binding step whichmaps each operation to an allocatedresource. Depending on the design con-straints, a fast latency optimal solution or asmall resource optimal solution is preferred.These alternative solutions are investigatedduring a design space exploration phase.

Hierarchical Structure Synthesis

The final structural synthesis step can besubdivided into two parts. During the arraysynthesis, a component is generated foreach processor element and the regularinterconnection structure is established.The synthesis of the processor elementsthemselves is done during the processorsynthesis, which consist of controller gen-eration and synthesis of functionalresources. Multiple operations can be per-formed subsequently on the same resource.Resource sharing requires additional hard-ware including multiplexer logic and tem-poral data storage.

For the control of a processor elementaccording to the precomputed schedule, alocal controller element is generated. Thelast step of the processor synthesis is thegeneration of the connections between theresource components and the controller.

Furthermore, a testbench is created forthe verification of the functional correct-ness of the resulting VHDL code. The test-bench generates appropriate stimuli dataduring the design simulation.

Placing and Routing

The physical layout must reflect the regularstructure of the algorithm in order toachieve an efficient hardware implementa-tion. For this purpose, appropriate geome-try data is generated that allows for pre-serving the regular structure during theentire design process resulting in an effi-cient chip layout.

To our knowledge, our design flow fromsequential program code to massively par-allel hardware is one of the first that hasbeen automized to develop efficient hard-ware within hours.

… Chip outSynthesis of a Circuit

Hierarchical design of regular processor arrays

Internal structure of a local controller


Thinking and LanguageProf. Dr. phil. hist. Manfred Wettler

Cognitive PsychologyCognitive Psychology

Workgroup78

Knowledge only becomes useful when it can be accessed in a flexible manner that meets the needs at hand. A prerequi-site for the development of computer programs that canachieve this is knowledge about both human information processing mechanisms and our ability to understand naturallanguages. This is the focus of the research group in Cogni-tive Psychology.

Text taken from: Friedrich vonSchiller – Why and for what reasondoes one study universal history?Inaugural lecture at the Universityof Jena 1789.

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: R. Z

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Cognitive Psychology 79

Hybrid mModels for the Description

and Simulation of Cognitive and Lin-

guistic Processes

With the help of trainable associative net-works, various cognitive and linguistic abil-ities can be simulated. Previously, theattempt had been made (with little suc-cess) to explain how these abilities arise interms of symbolic, rule-based processes.Examples of such abilities include the dis-ambiguation of words with multiple mean-ings through the use of context, the pro-duction of free associations in response togiven words and sentences, decision-mak-ing under uncertainty and the learning ofcomplex facts and interrelations.

Nevertheless, the range of potentialapplications for these models remains lim-ited due to the fact that they cannot takeinto account the serial nature of languageand thinking. To solve this problem, we aredeveloping hybrid models in which theinteraction of simultaneously operatingmodules can be described. These modelsare being used for the solution of problemsin computational linguistics, the predictionof the communicative effect of advertisingtexts and the development of tutorial sys-tems.

Research and Practical Application

Although the results of our research havebeen successfully applied in various practi-cal domains, these practical applicationsare not the primary goal of our research. Asa university institute, it is our responsibilityto develop knowledge fundamentals. Thefuture competitiveness of local industrywill be highly dependent on institutes ofhigher education continuing to carry outbasic research and train researchers withthe theoretical and methodological knowl-edge that is also necessary for appliedresearch.

In the period covered by this report, theresearch group in Cognitive Psychologywas working on the following projects:

The Simulation of Associative

Processes

From the statistical analysis of largemachine-readable corpora, the commu-nicative effect of texts can be predicted.

The Computational Syntactic Analy-

sis of Natural Languages

The aim of this project is the creation ofprograms, which are capable of determin-ing the structure of arbitrary sentences,even those with complex embedding.

Frequency Estimates

Intuitive estimates of the frequency ofevent classes determines political, econom-ic and private decisions. Which systematicerrors do we succumb to and how can theybe prevented?

Tutorial Systems

Effective CAI-Programs make use of knowl-edge about the problem representation andlearning mechanisms of the user.

Psychology can only be studied as aminor subject in Paderborn. Our courseoffering provides students from the Arts,Science and Engineering faculties with asystematic introduction to Cognitive Psy-chology and related fields such as Cogni-tive Science, Computational Linguistics andArtificial Intelligence. Our courses areattended by interested research studentsfrom all disciplines.


Workgroup80

Language Hybrid Systems for the Simulation of Linguistic Processes

Contact:Prof. Dr. Manfred WettlerPhone: +49 (0) 52 51/60 29 00Fax: +49 (0) 52 51/60 35 28email: [email protected]/zinki/psychologie.html

Associative structure of the concept “coffee” (belowleft) of a positioning (centre) and a treatment (aboveleft). For learning the associative connections,machine-readable texts consisting of 300 millionwords in total were used.

The longterm goal of our psycholinguisticand computer linguistic research is to cre-ate a system via which natural languagequestions about the content of any storedtext can be answered. To achieve this, twoproblems, among others, must be solved.

1. The identification of the sentencestructure of simple and compound sen-tences in German. In general, this problem is dealt with bytackling a small but linguistically interest-ing subset of the overall potential sentenceconstructions. In this respect, we are fol-lowing a “solid” approach: the programshould be able to analyse any text, even ifthis means foregoing a thorough linguisticanalysis. With the programs that weredeveloped during the period covered bythis report, it is possible to identify themain verb in any main clause and to breakdown multiple embedded sentence con-structions into their constituent parts.

2. The automatic identification of simi-larity and cohesion between concepts. For this purpose we are making use ofauto-associative networks. These aretrained using large machine-readable cor-pora. Among other functions they can beused to assign polysemous words to theirrespective correct meanings on the basis ofcontext, to identify the referents of pro-nouns and to predict the communicativeeffect of texts. The networks we are devel-oping are being used in marketing, to solveinformation retrieval problems and in lin-guistic data processing. During the periodcovered by this report we developed andimplemented new and efficient algorithmsfor the training of associative conceptualnetworks and tested these empirically.Moreover, we increased our collection ofmachine-readable texts considerably, andnow have at our disposal what is, to ourknowledge, the largest corpus of Germanlanguage texts.


Cognitive Psychology 81

Which cause of death is more common:stomach cancer or road accidents? Mostpeople incorrectly presume road accidents– why? Because they are more frequentlyconfronted with information about roadaccidents than with similar reports aboutstomach cancer. The processing of frequen-cies of occurrence is the basis for manyjudgement and decision processes andplays a decisive role in the learning of cat-egories and causal relationships. In the cur-rent DFG-Project a central aspect of theprocessing of frequencies is being exam-ined in more detail: How can frequencyestimates be systematically influenced?Admittedly, there are numerous findingsindicating that such influence is possible,however, up till now the studies have beenrather unsystematic, and the explanationsfor the observed effects are often of apost-hoc nature. Our theoretical basis is aself-developed hybrid model consisting of aneural network and a production systemthat is based on the theory of associativelearning. This model gives predictionsabout when frequency of occurrence esti-mates are distorted and when they are inaccordance with actual facts. Three majorinfluences that can distort frequency ofoccurrence estimates are currently beingexamined in greater detail: the impact ofprior knowledge, the role of attention-directing processes during the encoding ofinformation and the influence of additionalinformation. In the period covered by thisreport we carried out a series of experi-ments in which such predictions were suc-cessfully tested. The general goal is to cre-ate a precise, integrative process-model ofhow frequency of occurrence estimatesarise. A model of this type could be usedfor the prevention of judgemental errors,which play an important role in economicand political but also everyday decisions.

Thinking and Decision MakingFrequency Processing

Sedlmeier, Peter: Improving statis-tical reasoning: theoretical modelsand practical implications. London:Lawrence Erlbaum, 1999

Sedlmeier, Peter; Köhlers, Detlef:Wahrscheinlichkeiten im Alltag.Westermann, 2001

Contact:Prof. Dr. Peter Sedlmeier

Phone: +49 (0) 3 71/531 64 31Fax: +49 (0) 3 71/531 64 10



The Good Spirits in the BackgroundDipl.-Ing. Christopher Odenbach

Regardless of how different the various workgroups may be,they all have one thing in common: All employees place sig-nificant demands on their computer workplace and the net-work infrastructure. HNI Computer Operation is striving tomeet these requirements and to offer employees the type ofcomputer workplaces they need as an essential tool for theirresearch and training.

Heinz Nixdorf Institute82

HNI Computer

OperationHNI Computer Operation


HNI Computer Operation 83

Computer Operation Activities

The immediate activities of the ComputerOperation team include central useradministration, maintenance and updatingof mail and web servers, data backup, theprovision of print services, the installationof standard software environments forWindows and UNIX as well as guaranteedsecurity for the network and the programsbeing used.

The HNI user database contains some650 people, including all employees andstudents. Thanks to centralized administra-tion, all users in a domain can log on toany computer in any of the supportedworkgroups and always find the same envi-ronment.

The data backup, which backs up allworkgroup data every day, now handles atotal of more than 300 Gbytes. However,serious investment will be required here inthe near future because a number of newand much higher capacity servers havealready been acquired, which likewise needto be backed up.

100 Mbits – but for everyone

The building in Fürstenallee 11 already hadstructured cabling when we moved in:Individual cables run in star topology for-mation from a central distribution room tothe workplaces, in contrast to the previous-ly typical ring structure.

However, because hubs were used asnetwork concentrators, all of the comput-ers in a subnet previously had to share theavailable bandwidth, which in terms ofpresent demands on the network repre-sents a serious bottleneck.

High-performance switches havemeanwhile replaced the hubs. Thesedevices allow simultaneous switching ofdifferent connections at full bandwidth.Uplinks as well as server connections overGigaBit fiber optic cables now allow hither-to unknown network performance, which isabsolutely essential for smooth operationof computers with high volumes of data as,for example, often happens with presenta-tions.

Email Virus Scanner

Email still accounts for the majority of net-work traffic to the outside world:

The HNI mail server processes on aver-age 4,000 emails every day, many of whichcontain large attachments. The danger of avirus infection has increased dramaticallyin recent years. The media recently inun-dated us with reports of mail viruses suchas CodeRed, Nimda or BadTrans, whichinfected hundreds of thousands of com-puters within a few hours. However, anunsettling fact is that infected emails canstill abound even months after the out-break.

Thanks to a new mail server running onhigh-performance hardware, an email virusscanner has now been installed. This meansthat we are finally able to check all incom-ing and outgoing emails as well as anyattachments for known viruses, and rejectthese as appropriate.

HNI's previous server landscape - standalone comput-ers with extensive space requirements

The new HNI mail server

The new file server at workgroup Rückert clearlyshows the advantages of moving to computerswith 19-inch housing

The basis for the network: Twisted pair cabling


Heinz Nixdorf Institute84


Additional

Activities

85

Additional Activities

• Publications

• Fairs/Conferences/Seminars

• Prizes/Awards

• Additional Functions

• Current Research Projects

• Current Industry Co-operations

• Scientific Co-operations

• Spin-Offs


Workgroups86

Publications

Busch, A.; Langemann, T.: UnternehmensübergreifendePlanung als Schnittstelle zwischen CRM und SCM. In:Effektives Customer Relationship Management, Hrsg.:Helmke, S.; Dangelmaier, W., Gabler, Wiesbaden, pp.403 - 418, 2001.

Busch, A.; Rüther, M.: SCM zwischen intra- undinterorganisationaler Optimierung. In: Die SupplyChain im Zeitalter von E-Business und Global Sourc-ing, Hrsg.: Dangelmaier, W.; Pape, U.; Rüther, M., HNI-Verlagsschriftenreihe, Paderborn, pp. 257 - 270, 2001.

Cole, T.; Dangelmaier, W.; Eckseler, H.; Haupt, St.; Kap-stein, U.; Kruse, H. K.: e-Business im 21. Jahrhundert:Bestandsaufnahme und Trends. w.e.b. days 2001, Duis-burg. Darmstadt: trades corner 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.: Aufbau effizienter Entwicklungs-und Beschaffungskooperationen. In: VDI-SeminarOptimierung von Produkt- und Anlagenprojekten.Methoden und Erfahrungen zur Planung und Opti-mierung von Entwicklungs- und Produktion-sprozessen. VDI-Bildungswerk: Düsseldorf 9 th ofMarch 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.: Aufbau effizienter Entwicklungs-und Beschaffungskooperationen. In: Produkt- undAnlagenprojekte effizienter steuern mit Projektman-agement. Seminar zum 18. Internationalen DeutschenProjektmanagement Forum. 11.05.2001. Ludwigsburg.

Dangelmaier, W.: CRM-Markt, -Instrumente und -Lösungen. Schritte zum richtigen System In: Mana-gement Circle (eds.): IT im CRM. Erfolgreiche Integra-tion von CRM-Technologien. Frankfurt am Main,15th/16th of January 2001. Eschborn: ManagementCircle 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.: Kosten sparen durch Abstimmungvon Logistik und Produktentwicklung. VDI Nachricht-en/Konferenzen: Die Zukunft der Logistik-Integration,globale Netzwerke und e-Business. 23 th /24 th ofJanuary 2001, Stuttgart. Presentation 9. Düsseldorf:VDI-Bildungswerk 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.: Mengen- und Reihenfolgeplanung,Kapazitätssrestriktionen und Kunden-Lieferanten-Prinzip. wisu - Das Wirtschaftsstudium 30 (2001) 4,pp. 560-580.

Dangelmaier, W.: Optimierung der organisatorischenProzessausrichtung. In: VDI-Seminar Optimierung von Produkt- und Anlagenprojekten. Methoden undErfahrungen zur Planung und Optimierung vonEntwicklungs- und Produktionsprozessen. VDI-Bil-dungswerk: Düsseldorf 9 th of March 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.: Optimierung der organisatorischenProzessausrichtung. In: Produkt- und Anlagenpro-jekte effizienter steuern mit Projektmanagement.Seminar zum 18. Internationalen Deutschen Projekt-management Forum. 11.05.2001. Ludwigsburg.

Dangelmaier, W.: Produktionslogistik im Umfeld neuerTechnologien. IIR-Workshop “Produktivitäts-steigerung und Wettbewerbsstärke durch erfolgreicheProduktionslogistik”. Köln 13th /14th of March 2001.Sulzbach/Ts.: IIR Deutschland GmbH 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.: Produktionslogistik im Umfeld neuerTechnologien. CARTEC Technologie- und Entwick-lungs-Centrum Lippstadt GmbH. Zuliefermesse 30thof March 2001. Tagungsprogramm. Lippstadt: Cartec2001.

Dangelmaier, W.: Produktivitätssteigerung und Wet-tbewerbsstärke durch erfolgreiche Produktionslogi-stik. In: Dangelmaier, W.; Pape, U.; Rüther, M. (Hrsg.):Die Supply Chain im Zeitalter von E-Business undGlobald Sourcing. ALB-HNI-Verlagsschriftenreihe vol-ume 6, pp. 9-27. Paderborn: Fraunhofer-Anwen-dungszentrum für Logistikorientierte Betriebswirt-schaft 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.: Zukünftige Geschäftsprozesse mitAuswirkungen auf die IT-Szenarien. In: VDI-SeminarOptimierung von Produkt- und Anlagenprojekten.Methoden und Erfahrungen zur Planung und Opti-mierung von Entwicklungs- und Produktions-prozessen. VDI-Bildungswerk: Düsseldorf 9 th ofMarch 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.; Baecke-Heger, F.: Automatisch zurbesten Lösung. Interview in Markt und Mittelstand.4th of April 2001, pp. 124-125.

Dangelmaier, W.; Bohner, M. (eds.): Marktstudie: Soft-waresysteme für Enterprise Application Integration.ALB-HNI-Verlagsschriftenreihe, Volume 7. Paderborn:Fraunhofer-Anwendungszentrum für Logistikorien-tierte Betriebswirtschaft 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.; Busch, A.: Negotiation-basedRescheduling in Production Networks. In: Proceedingsof the 17 th International Conference on CAD/CAM,Robotics and Factories of the Future, eds.: Bright, G.;Janssens, W., Durban, South Africa, Vol. 1, pp. 22 - 33,2001.

Dangelmaier, W.; Busch, A.: Supply Chain Manage-ment - Conception of a Collaborative PlaningApproach in Case of Short-Term Requirements Alter-ation. In: Technology Management in the KnowledgeEra; Hrsg.: Kocaoglu, D. F.; Anderson, T. R., PICMET,Portland, USA, pp. 736 - 740, 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.; Fahrentholz, M.; Franke, H.; Mueck,B.: A demand-driven logistics concept for the fullyautomated rail system NBP, WCRR 2001, Köln.

Dangelmaier, W.; Helmke, S.: CRM: Markt, Instrumente,Lösungen. In: Dallmer, H. (eds.): Handbuch Direct Mar-keting, 8th edition, 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.; Helmke, St.: Gestaltung eines Infor-mationsmodells für ein prozessorientiertes Kunden-bindungsmanagement. Konferenzbeitrag zu MoBis. In:Schmidt, H. (eds.): Moderne betriebliche Siegen: GI-Verlag 2000.

Dangelmaier, W.; Helmke, St.: Überwindung vonWiderständen zur erfolgreichen Einführung von CRM-Systemen, Euroforum-Konferenzband Customer Rela-tionship Management. Düsseldorf 2000.

Dangelmaier, W.; Pape, U.; Rüther, M. (eds.):Die Supply Chain im Zeitalter von E-Business undGlobal Sourcing. ALB-HNI-Verlagsschriftenreihe, Vol-ume 6. Paderborn: Fraunhofer-Anwendungszentrumfür Logistikorientierte Betriebswirtschaft 2001.

Workgroup Business Computing, especially CIMProf. Dr.-Ing. habil. Wilhelm Dangelmaier

Spin-Offs

Dr. Ketterer deals with the development, con-struction, and introduction of branch solutions,especially in co-operation with leading EDP andsoftware producers. At that he draws on detailedSAP-experience.

The F-ALB is concerned with all technologicalbusiness issues that occur with the creation andimplementation of in-house and corporateproduction and logistics processes, and that canbe solved by dint of innovative information tech-nology.

The Net-Skill Inc. manages and markets compe-tence site, a coaching network for managers. Itprovides reasonable prepared practice-tips, stud-ies, articles, and guidelines from highly qualifiedexperts from the fields of management, businesssystems, and law.

The Pro.X Ltd offers competent advise and appli-cation-support in the sector of process optimiz-ing in trade and industry. Starting from theprocess of service production an optimal work-flow organization is developed which functions asan widespread re-organization concept and whichcan come up to the replacement of a PPS-system.


Additional Activities 87

Dangelmaier, W.; Pape, U.; Rüther, M.: Der Spediteurals Logistikdienstleister und treibende Kraft in derSupply Chain. In: Proceedings of VPP2001. Chemnitz,2001.

Dangelmaier, W.; Pape, U.; Rüther, M.: LernfähigeAgenten für das Gestalten und Betreiben von Produk-tionsnetzwerken. 7. Fachtagung Logistikplanung im e-Zeitalter. Magdeburg, 2001.

Dangelmaier, W.; Pape, U.; Rüther, M.: Multi-Agenten-Systeme für Produktionsnetzwerke in der Serienferti-gung. Industriemanagement 10/01.

Dangelmaier, W.; Pape, U.; Rüther, M.: Supply ChainManagement am Beispiel werksübergreifenderFrachtkostenoptimierung. Das Witschaftsstudium10/01.

Helmke, S.; Dangelmaier, W., Uebel, M.: A KnowledgeBased Method for an Integrated, Dynamic ProcessManagement, in: Proceedings of the 17th Internation-al Conference on CAD/ CAM, Robotics & Factories ofthe Future, Durban 2001.

Helmke, S.; Dangelmaier, W., Uebel, M.: Effektives Cus-tomer Relationship Management, 2nd edition, Gabler-Verlag.

Helmke, S.; Dangelmaier, W.: CRM-Audit - Grundsteinfür eine erfolgreiche Einführung von CRM, in: Helmke,S., Dangelmaier, W: Effektives Customer RelationshipManagement, Gabler-Verlag 2001.

Helmke, S.; Dangelmaier, W.: CRM-Systems as a Tech-nology Enabler for a Customer-Oriented Knowledgem-anagement. In: Proceedings of PICMET InternationalConference 2001, Portland 2001.

Helmke, S.; Dangelmaier, W.: Data Warehouses undData Mining im Vertrieb. In: Pepels, W.: Vertrieb-Online, Gabler-Verlag, 2001.

Helmke, S.; Dangelmaier, W.: The Use of InformationTechnology for the Development of OrganizationalKnowledge. In: Proceedings of PICMET InternationalConference 2001, Portland 2001.

Helmke, S.; Uebel, M.; Dangelmaier, W.: Kunden-bindungsinstrumente. In: Koelmel, B.: Kundenmana-gement im Mittelstand, 2001.

Helmke, St.; Dangelmaier, W. (eds.): Effektives Cus-tomer Relationship Management. Instrumente - Ein-führungskonzepte - Organisation. Wiesbaden: Gabler2001.

Helmke, St.; Dangelmaier, W.: CRM-Audit - Grundsteinfür eine erfolgreiche Einführung von CRM. In: Helmke,St.; Dangelmaier, W. (Hrsg.): Effektives Customer Rela-tionship Management, pp. 279-290. Wiesbaden:Gabler 2001.

Helmke, St.; Dangelmaier, W.: Marktspiegel CustomerRelationship Management. Anbieter von CRM-Soft-ware im Vergleich. Wiesbaden: Gabler 2001.

Holthöfer, N.; Szilágyi, S.: Marktstudie: Softwaresys-teme zur Produktkonfiguration. ALB-HNI-Verlagss-chriftenreihe, Volume 5. Edited by W. Dangelmaier.Paderborn: Fraunhofer-Anwendungszentrum fürLogistikorientierte Betriebswirtschaft 2001.

Krüger, J.: Ganzheitliche Beherrschung von Abläufenin und zwischen soziotechnischen Systemen. HNI-Ver-lagsschriftenreihe, Volume 85. Edited by W. Dangel-maier. Paderborn: Heinz Nixdorf Institut, 2001.

Uebel, M.; Dangelmaier, W.; Helmke, S.: PraxisberichteCustomer Relationship Management, Gabler-Verlag,2001.

Uebel, M.; Helmke, S.; Dangelmaier, W.: Verkaufs-möglichkeiten im Internet. In: Pepels, W.: HandbuchMarketing-Online, Luchterhand-Verlag, 2001.

Fairs/Conferences/Seminars

3. Paderborner Frühjahrstagung LogistikorientierteBetriebswirtschaft “die Supply Chain im Zeitalter vonE-Business und Global Sourcing”

Prizes/Awards

Förderpreis für die Kooperation Wirtschaft/Wissen-schaft des TechnologieForum Paderborn e. V. 2001

Additional Functions

Management of Fraunhofer-Anwendungszentrums für Logistikorientierte Betriebswirtschaft (ALB)

Member at advisory committee of Cartec Lippstadt

Member at advisory committee of CentConsult PRO.X GmbH

Member at advisory committee of Paderborn Centerfor Parallel Computing (PC2)

Current Research Projects

BMBF: CoagenS – Adaptive production networks inseries manufacturingCoagenS is meant to support production planning and–controlling in production networks via multi-agent-systems to provide significantly improved results com-pared to PPS- and SCM-systems employed today.CoagenS unifies industrial enterprises as users, soft-ware-houses as product developers and the HNI astheir universitary partner.


Workgroups88

PoDLE – Product-oriented service development: Classification and systematic supportWithin this project product-oriented services shouldbe developed and generated systematically in order toenlarge business volume and/or be able to better servethe customers on one hand, while replenishing unusedcapacities, which tend to get bigger and bigger,through services on the other hand.

BMWI:EDISON – intelligent energy distribution networks byemployment of innovative, decentralized producer-,storage-, information- and communication-systems.Our task within this project carried out in cooperationwith Stadtwerke Karlsruhe is the conception of novelbusiness models for innovative, intelligent energy dis-tribution networks.

DFG:· Special field of investigation 376 “Massive Paral-

lelität, Algorithmen, Entwurfsmethoden, Anwendun-gen” (Massive parallelism, algorithms, layout-meth-ods, applications)

· Sub-project C2: “Echtzeitnahe, hierarchische Planungund Steuerung vernetzter Produktionssysteme” (Realtime-close, hierarchical, planning and controlling ofnetworked production systems)

· DFG-emphasis program: “Integration von Technikender Softwarespezifikation für ingenieurwis-senschaftliche Anwendungen” (Integration of tech-niques for the software specification for engineericalapplications). Project: “Formale und methodischeIntegration von graphischer Spezifikation undEchtzeitverifikation im Entwurf komplexer Produk-tionsautomatisierungssysteme” (Formal and method-ical integration of graphic specification and real timeverification in the conception of complex produc-tion-automatisation-systems)

· DFG-emphasis program: “Modellierung der Produk-tion” (Modelling of the production). Project: “Simula-tion von Produktionsabläufen und deren situations-abhängige Detaillierung vor dem Hintergrund derNutzung einer virtuellen Umgebung” (Simulation ofproduction processes and their detailing dependenton the situation against the background of the useof a virtual surrounding)

Project: “Rechnerunterstützte Konstruktion von Syste-men zur Lenkung der Fertigung” (Computer-aidedconstruction of systems for the monitoring of themanufacture)

Course of lectures for postgraduates ”Parallele Rechn-ernetzwerke in der Produktionstechnik” (Parallel com-puter networks in the production technique)

NRW-Graduate-School ”Graduate School of DynamicIntelligent Systems”

Interdisciplinary cooperation project: Neue Bahntechnik Paderborn NBP.Here the project group develops among other thingsan agent-based, absolutely distributed operationalconcept for an objective-adjusted traffic.

EEE.con:Effectiveness and efficiency in e-commerce-networksThe objective of this project is to develop a continu-ous modelling platform for the planning and creationof economic circumstances in connection with e-commerce.

Deutsche Post AG:· Projection of transport requirements in the long-dis-

tance traffic of Deutschen Post AG; Developmentand Implementation of an Excel-tool which forecaststhe amount of traffic; maintenance and furtherdevelopment of the Excel-tool which forecasts theamount of traffic for the stationary use

· VMP-specification as well as maintenance of the tooland user-support

Pavone AG:Creation of business processes in the context ofclient-server surroundings; Specifications SCM-sys-tems; Development of a concept for a further devel-oped expert-engine

Sulo Emballagen GmbH & Co KG:Internet presentation

IBM Deutschland GmbH: Groupware Competence Center – Professional Service

Deutsche Bank:Groupware Competence Center Bank: Analysis, design,conceptualisation of solutions and human resourcedevelopment for groupware-applications in the banksector

Continental Teves AG & Co oHG:Expansion of production planning and –monitoringwith OOPUS-DPS for all European sites

Current Industry Co-operations

Bombardier Transportation (Signal) Germany GmbHObjective of the cooperation is the conception of newoperational concepts and the development of sup-porting tools

Siemens AGObjective of the cooperation is the creation of a sys-tem for the order processing in the service sector

Cent Consult AGObjective of the cooperation is the mutual penetrationof the production economy with regards to intelligentinformation systems.

PRO.X IntellSpaceSubject of the cooperation is the development of aspecification-tool which allows for the generation ofproduction- and production-controlling systems on aneconomically high level even for middleclass business-es.

Scientific Co-operations

Helwan University Cairo, EgyptProf. Dr.-Ing. M. Osman



Workgroup Computer Integrated ManufacturingProf. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Gausemeier

Publications

Binger, V.; Koffler, C.: Transportkonzepte der Zukunft -Wie sich die Bahn im KEP-Markt positionieren will.T&M Technologie & Management, Version 9-10 (2001)

Fründ, J.; Geiger, C.; Grafe, M.; Kleinjohann, B.: AR-PDA- Ein mobiles Produktinformationssystem für denMassenmarkt. ZwF Jahrgang. 96 (2001) 5

Gausemeier, J.; Bätzel, D.; Möhringer, S.: Methoden-kompetenz verbessert Produkt- und Prozessentwick-lung - Stärkung der Innovationskraft durch Koopera-tives Produktengineering. VDI-Z 143 (2001), Nr. 1/2

Gausemeier, J.; Bätzel, D.; Möhringer, S.: Bildung vonsituationsspezifischen Methoden-Workflows. IndustrieManagement 17 (2001) 2

Gausemeier, J.: Produktinnovationen in Zusammenar-beit mit Universitäten. ZwF Jahrgang. 96 (2001) 4

Gausemeier, J.; Kespohl, H.-D.; Möhringer, S.: Entwick-lungsumgebungen Mechatronik - Integration vonMethoden und Werkzeugen in den frühen Phasen derEntwicklung mechatronischer Systeme. Industrie Man-agement 17 (2001) 3

Gausemeier, J.; Ebbesmeyer, P.; Kallmeyer, F.: Produk-tinnovation - Strategische Planung und Entwicklungder Produkte von morgen. Carl Hanser Verlag, 2001

Gausemeier, J.; Flath, M.; Möhringer, S.: ConceptualDesign of Mechatronic Systems Supported by Semi-Formal Specification. Proceedings of 2001 IEEE/SMEInternational Conference on Advanced IntelligentMechatronics (AIM '01). Como, Italy, 8 - 12. July 2001

Gausemeier, J.; Flath, M.; Möhringer, S.: Modelling andEvaluation of Principle Solutions of Mechatronic Sys-tems, Exemplified by Tyre Pressure Control in Automo-tive Systems. Proceedings of the 13th InternationalConference on Engineering Design. ICED 01, Glasgow,Schriftenreihe 28 WDK, 2001

Gausemeier, J.; Krumm, H.; Grafe, M.: Designing Flexi-ble Systems with Virtual Reality. Proceedings of DesignEngineering Technical Conference & Computers andInformation in Engineering Conference ASME2001/DETC 2001. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, September9-12, 2001

Gausemeier, J.; Binger, V.: Strategic Product Planning -The Development of Products and Markets of Tomor-row as an Entrepreneurial Challenge. Proceedings ofDesign Engineering Technical Conference & Comput-ers and Information in Engineering Conference ASME2001/DETC 2001. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, September9-12, 2001

Gausemeier, J.; Brüseke, U.; Wortmann, R.: Ein Besuchim Computer - Ein interaktives, multimediales Muse-ums-exponat zur Erläuterung der Funktionsweise desComputers und des Internets. Tagungsband derGI/OCG-Jahrestagung Informatik 2001. Wien, 25. - 28.September 2001

Gausemeier, J.; Ebbesmeyer, P.; Grafe, M.: Planung vonflexiblen Fertigungssystemen mit Virtual Reality. In:

Weinert, K. (Hrsg.): Spanende Fertigung. 3th Version,Vulkan-Verlag Essen, 2001

Gausemeier, J.; Möhringer, St.: Integration der Funk-tions- und Prinziplösungsmodellierung mechatronis-cher Systeme. Symposium Design for X. Neukirchen,11./12. Oktober 2001

Gausemeier, J.; Berssenbrügge, J.; Binger, V.; Koffler, C:Future Potentials of Rail-based Cargo Transportationfor the Courier, Express and Parcel Market. Proceed-ings of World Congress on Railway Research WCRR2001. Cologne, November 25 - 29, 2001

Prizes/Awards

“Business Startup Competition Multimedia 2000”sponsored by the Federal Ministry for Technology andTrade. Award for business startup idea “AR systems -Mobile AR applications for the mass market”.Prizewinner: Dipl.-Ing. Michael Grafe

Second place in competition “Computer Graphics inPractice 2000” sponsored by the “Gesellschaft fürInformatik”. Prizewinner: cand.-Wirt.-Ing. ArntVienenkötter


“2nd International Symposium on Mixed RealityISMR2001”.Presentation of research project “AR-PDA - A digitalassistant for VR/AR content”; 14 -15 March2001,Yokohama, Japan

Fifth session of consortium on mechatronic productdevelopment - An initiative of group projects“EUMECH -Mechatronic development environments”and “MechaSTEP - STEP data models for simulatingmechatronic systems”; 6 April 2001, VDMA Frankfurt

Hanover Industry Fair 2001, joint booth of ScientificSociety - Wissenschaftliches Forum für Produkten-twicklung e.V (scientific forum for product develop-ment).The Berlin corporation presented excellent results atthis trade fair from current research projects in thearea of product development. Participants from tech-nical group 10 – Mechanical engineering at the Uni-versity of Paderborn: Prof. Gausemeier and Prof. Lückel

“Virtual product development in the automobileindustry” trade fair.Presentation of a software tool for planning complexmanufacturing systems based on augmented realitytechnology; 28 - 30 May 2001, Stuttgart

“Computer.Gehirn” exhibition.Development and demonstration of an augmentedreality exhibit for graphic explanation of a computer'scomponents; 25 September 2001 - 28 April 2002;Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum, Paderborn

Joint annual conference of the GI/OCG, INFORMATIK2001 (Workshop 22)Synergies between virtual reality and computergames: Requirements, design, technologies. Presenta-tion “A visit inside a computer - An interactive, multi-

Spin-Offs

UNITY AGUNITY AG was founded in 1995 as a public limit-ed company for management science and infor-mation technology. It develops strategies andprocesses for industry’s products that will capturefuture markets. UNITY AG specializes in forward-looking topics such as product innovation, virtualproduct development and digital factory.Source: http://www.unity.de

myview technologies GmbH & Co. KGmyview technologies GmbH & Co. KG, a spin-offof UNITY AG since 1999, specializes in effectiveproduct information management in e-business.The myview product family offers cross-mediapublishing for complex products and online infor-mation systems for project engineering and is amature development platform for informationmanagement on the Internet.Source: http://www.myview.de

UNITY solutions AGUNITY solutions AG was founded as a subsidiaryof UNITY AG in 2001. The consultancy offerincludes process organization and all informationand communication technology systems, whichare currently in use and which will be used in thefuture in modern companies. UNITY solutions AGaccompanies its customers in the successful tran-sition to a global information society. Source: http://www.unity-solutions.de

SDG consulting AGSDG consulting AG was founded in 2001 as ajoint venture between UNITY AG and SDG Hold-ing, Italy. It designs and implements high-per-formance management information systems andbusiness intelligence solutions on the basis ofmulti-dimensional databases. Customers profitfrom reliable decisions using optimally preparedinformation.Source: http://www.sdg-ag.de


Spin-Offs

Scenario Management International AGScMI AG is a public limited company founded in1998 for designing companies for the future andfor strategic company management. ScMI AGsupports companies and organizations in aligningto market and environment changes, in thedevelopment of visionary strategies as well as inthe design and implementation of strategic man-agement processes.Source: http://www.scmi.de

FASTEC GmbHThe product focus of FASTEC GmbH, which wasfounded in 1995, lies in modular control systemsfor materials handling technology with theemphasis on assembly automation. The basis forthe automation solutions is the innovative decen-tralized intelligent automation approach.Source: http://www.fastec.de

Workgroups90

media museum exhibit for explaining the operation ofthe computer and the Internet”; Vienna, 26 -28 Sep-tember 2001

“RailTec 2001” trade fair.Booth for group project “New rail technology forPaderborn”. Presentation of the latest research results;19 -21 November 2001, Dortmund


Member of Board and General Manager of the scien-tific society “Berliner Kreis – Wissenschaftliches Forumfür Produktentwicklung e.V.”

Initiator and chairperson of the supervisory board ofUNITY AG - public limited company involved in com-pany management and information technology

Member of supervisory board of Sterling SIHI GmbH


AR-PDA - A digital assistant for VR/AR content.The AR-PDA is a hardware and software system formobile devices, such as mobile phones or PDAs, whichuses augmented reality technology to support con-sumers when purchasing and using domestic appli-ances. Sponsoring institution: BMBF

Intelligent mechatronic solution elements (IMLE).Integration of cooperative CAE tools for efficientdrafting of complex mechatronic systems based onintelligent mechatronic solution elements (DFG-SPP“Integration of form and computation”). Sponsoringinstitution: DFG

Integrative specification of distributed control systemsfor flexible automated manufacturing (ISILEIT).(DFG-SPP “Integration of software specification tech-niques for engineering sciences applications”). Spon-soring institution: DFG

Integrative development of spatial electronic compo-nents (INERELA).The aim is to provide a suitable environment fordeveloping spatial electronic components in selectedproduct classes (internal connection system,microsensor technique, electro-optical systems). Spon-soring institution: BMBF

Coordination and proposal of SFB 1799:“Self-optimizing mechanical engineering systems”: The aim of the SFB is to explore the basic concept andpotential of self-optimization, to verify the resultsusing a demonstrator and to support development onthe basis of a comprehensive development methodol-ogy.

Neue Bahntechnik Paderborn.The aim of the project is to develop a new type of railsystem that would unite modern travel way technolo-gy with the advantages of the Transrapid and the useof existing rail lines. The activities focus on: develop-ment and visualization of vehicle and railroad depotconcepts. Sponsoring institutions: State of NorthRhine Westphalia/University of Paderborn

Strategic product and process planning (SPP).SPP specifies the products and processes for the mar-kets of tomorrow. The aim is to put small and medi-um-sized companies in a position to organize theirstrategic planning efficiently and to integrate thisarea in the management process. Sponsoring institu-tion: BMBF

VDI Guideline 2206.Development methodology for mechatronic systems,unofficial draft, VDI standards committee A127,Paderborn, 2002. (umpire: Prof. Gausemeier) The aimis to support the cross-domain development ofmechatronic systems in a methodical way. The com-mittee is made up of 40 well-known experts in thefield of mechatronics. The greenprint should be avail-able in May 2002.

Virtual Nightdriver. The aim is to visualize the light distribution from newheadlamp prototypes in realtime and to evaluate theresults in the context of a night journey on a virtualtest route in the simulator. Sponsoring institution:Lichtlabor (LLAB), Hella Leuchten-Systeme GmbH (HLS)


The future of the furniture industry - e-business.The aim is to depict the prospects of e-business andfuture information and communication technologyapplications. Customer: UNITY AG, Telekom AG

A visit inside a computer. The aim is to design and implement a multimedia VR-AR exhibit for explaining the operation of the com-puter and the Internet. Customer: Heinz NixdorfMuseumsForum

Foundry 2010 - Strategy for the German foundryindustry.The aim is to outline the success potential of thefoundry industry and to demonstrate how this poten-tial can be tapped. Customer: VDG, IfG. Sponsoringinstitution: Ministry for Labor and Social Affairs, Tech-nology and Training of the State of North RhineWestphalia

myview project.The aim is to develop system architectures and datamodels to enable the construction of product catalogsand engineering marketplaces based on Virtual Realitytechnology. Customer: myview technologies GmbH &Co.KG

New Product Change Management. The aim is to elaborate a concept for introducingchange management in product development and itssubsequent implementation. Customer: UNITY AG,automobile manufacturers

Simulation in manufacturing planning. The aim is to develop the use of methods and toolsfor computer-aided simulation of flexible manufac-turing and assembly systems.

Strategic knowledge transfer - Medium and long termdevelopment of knowledge transfer as a strategicsuccess factor. The aim is to establish the medium-term businessopportunities for knowledge in the area of industrial



automation and to develop a corresponding businessstrategy. Customer: industrial automation companies

Scenario-OnLine.The aim is to develop an Internet-based softwareproduct for scenario management. Customer: UNITYAG, ScMI AG

Telco Carrier Scenarios 2006. The aim is to elaborate a future design for enterpriseand carrier business for a telecommunications suppli-er. Customer: UNITY AG, telecommunications compa-nies

Support for the integration of product and processdescriptions in the 3D-Master project.The aim is to elaborate a concept for deploying andusing a universal application of the 3D-Master in theproduct development process. Customer: UNITY AG,automobile manufacturers

Future transport concepts in the CEP market (Courier,Express and Packet). Elaboration of an R&D program for rail cargo trans-port on the basis of market, environment and tech-nology scenarios. The aim is to create a future designfor railborne cargo transport. Customer: DeutscheBahn AG

Workgroup Computers and SocietyProf. Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Keil-Slawik

Publications

Bopp, T., Hampel, T.: Magellan, the PaderbornApproach to Distributed Knowledge Organization. In:Montgomerie, C., Viteli, J. (eds.): Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2001, Charlottesville (Va.): Association for theAdvancement of Computing in Education 2001, pp.649-655.

Brennecke, A., Greiving, J., Hußmann, M., Wegener, M.:The SALSA Animation System - Simply GeneratingJava Applets to Learn with Basic Animations. In:Montgomerie, C., Viteli, J. (eds.): Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2001, Charlottesville (Va.): Association for theAdvancement of Computing in Education 2001, pp.191-192.

Brennecke, A., Selke, H.: The HyperSkript AuthoringEnvironment: An Integrated Approach for Producing,Maintaining, and Using Multimedia Lecture Material.In: Montgomerie, C., Viteli, J. (eds.): Proceedings of ED-MEDIA 2001, Charlottesville (Va.): Association for theAdvancement of Computing in Education 2001, pp.185-190.

Fischer, C., Keil-Slawik, R., Richter, A.: Verhaltensprofileim Internet. In: Keil-Slawik, R. (Hrsg.): Digitale Medienund gesellschaftliche Entwicklung - Arbeit, Recht undGemeinschaft der Informationsgesellschaft. Münster:Waxmann 2001, pp. 65-80.

Hampel, T.: Keil-Slawik, R.: sTeam - Designing an Inte-grative Infrastructure for Web-Based Computer Sup-ported Cooperative Learning. In: Proceedings of the10th International World Wide Web Conference, May1-5, 2001, Hong Kong, pp. 76-85.

Hampel, T., Keil-Slawik, R.: Learning in Virtual Commu-nities - The Paderborn Approach to Cooperative Learn-ing. In: Ruokamo, H., Nykänen, O., Pohjolainen, S.,Hietala, P. (eds.): Proceedings of the Tenth Internation-al PEG Conference Intelligent Computer and Commu-nication Technology - Learning in Online Communi-ties, June, 23-26, 2001, Tamere, 177-183.

Hampel, T., Keil-Slawik, R., Nowaczyk, O., Selke, H.: »EinSchulmeister muss singen können« - Die drei Säulender Paderborner DISCO. Wirtschaftsinformatik 43 (1),69-76 (2001).

Hampel, T., Keil-Slawik, R.: opensTeam ? Ein OpenSource-Projekt zur kooperativen Strukturierung vonInformationen im Team. DFN Mitteilungen 55, 4-6(Feb. 2001).

Hampel, T.: TRES FACIUNT COLLEGIUM - Paderborn'sCollaboration Centred Approach for New Forms ofLearning. In: Price, J., Willis, D., Davis, N., Willis, J.(eds.): Proceedings of SITE 2001, March 5-10, 2001,Orlando, Florida, 52-57.

Keil-Slawik, R. (Hrsg.): Digitale Medien undgesellschaftliche Entwicklung - Arbeit, Recht undGemeinschaft der Informationsgesellschaft. Münster:Waxmann 2001.

Keil-Slawik, R., Hampel, Th.: Virtuelle Gemeinschaften:Freizeitspaß oder globaler Marktfaktor? In: Keil-Slawik,R. (Hrsg.): Digitale Medien und gesellschaftlicheEntwicklung - Arbeit, Recht und Gemeinschaft derInformationsgesellschaft. Münster: Waxmann 2001,pp. 245-279.

Keil-Slawik, R., Magenheim, J. (Hrsg.): Informatikunter-richt und Medienbildung. GI-Edition Lecture Notes inInformatics - Volume P-8. Bonner Köllen Verlag 2001.

Keil-Slawik, R.: Neues Lernen und neue Medien ?Anmerkungen zu einem kulturell unbewältigten Ver-hältnis. QUEM-Report, Heft 67: -Arbeiten und Lernen.Lernkultur Kompetenzentwicklung und InnovativeArbeitsgestaltung.- Berlin 2001, pp. 109-118.

Keil-Slawik, R., Selke, H.: Autorenumgebungen. In:Hanft, A. (Hrsg.): Grundbegriffe des Hochschulman-agements Neuwied; Kriftel: Luchterhand, 2001, pp.12-15.

Keil-Slawik, R., Selke, H.: Internetgestützte Wissensor-ganisation. In: Hanft, A. (Hrsg.): Grundbegriffe desHochschulmanagements Neuwied; Kriftel: Luchter-hand, 2001, pp. 208-211.

Keil-Slawik, R., Selke, H.: Multimediale Infrastrukturen.In: Hanft, A. (Hrsg.): Grundbegriffe des Hochschul-managements Neuwied; Kriftel: Luchterhand, 2001,pp. 295-300.


Workgroups92

Keil-Slawik, R.: Mythenkiller - Oder: Kann das Konzeptder Alltagstauglichkeit innovative Lösungen bieten?.FIfF-Kommunikation 18(1), 49-55 (März 2001).


CeBIT 2001BMBF booth - Bundesministerium für Bildung undForschung (Federal Ministry of Education andResearch) - opensTeam.Booth for Sun Microsystems - StarOffice 4 Kids.

WDR Computer Night in HNFsTeam booth - Structuring information in a Team.StarOffice 4 Kids booth.

Infos 20019th Symposium for Informatics and School - a coop-erative event hosted by the German Informatics Soci-ety, the University of Paderborn (Department 17 -Didactics of Computer Science, Computers and Soci-ety) and the Heinz Nixdorf MuseumsForum (HNF).

KickOff-Workshop “Wirksamkeitsforschung - NeueMedien in der Präsenzlehre”In cooperation with the Universitätsverbund Multime-dia - NRW (University Network for Multimedia inNorth Rhine-Westphalia), the workshop was plannedand hosted to inform the members of the projectsfunded in the request for proposal “Wirksamkeits-forschung” about the current state of evaluationresearch in digital media.


Co-editor of the journal Ethik und Sozialwissen-schaften (Ethics and Social Sciences)

Chairman of Forum Informatikerinnen für Friedenund gesellschaftliche Verantwortung (FIfF e.V.) (Computer Professionals For Peace and Social Responsibility)

Member of board of trustees in the programme hosted by BMBF, “Lernkultur Kompetenzentwicklung” (Culture of Learning in the Development of Compe-tence)

President of the advisory committee for Lernen im Netz und mit Multimedia (LiNe) (Learning on the Net and with Multimedia) hosted by BMBF

Member of competence network Universitätsverbund Multimedia - NRW (University Network for Multime-dia in North Rhine-Westphalia)

Member of the expert group for the Virtuelle Hochschule Baden-Würtemberg (Virtual University in the Upper Rhine Valley)

Member of advisory committee for Informatik der Virtuelle Hochschule Bayern (Computer Science at the Virtual University of Bavaria)

Member of advisory committee for IWF Wissen und Medien, GmbH (IWF Knowledge and Media) in Göttingen

Speaker for the Innovationsforum Multimedia (Mul-timedia Innovation Forum), University of Paderborn

Supervisor for the initiative, Paderborner Schulen ans Internet (Paderborn Schools on the Internet)

Member of the research group Schule und Computer (Schools and Computers) in Paderborn

Member of advisory committee for Technologie-Zen-trum Informatik (Centre of Technology of Computer Science) in Bremen.


ClickCliqueBased on the infrastructure of opensTeam, ClickClique isa virtual learning environment which will supportcooperative education of designers.

DISCO - A sustainable development for learning-sup-portive infrastructuresThe DISCO (Digital Infrastructure for Computer-Sup-ported Cooperative Learning) is a sophisticated multi-media facility in Paderborn which supports studentsand instructors in a university setting.

Explorations - Interactive teaching materialThe Exploration is a new concept for the developmentof modular teaching material that can be used in vari-ous didactic contexts.

ISIS - Implementation guide for learning-supportiveinfrastructuresThe goal of the project is the creation of a manualdescribing infrastructures; such infrastructures can beused to build self-contained multimedia documentsfor use in a college lecture.

Kontextuelle Informatik (Computer Science in Context)- Hypermedia modules for interdisciplinary education Within this project, modules are developed for courseswhich provide the basics in computer science forother disciplines (i.e. media science, education).

MagellanCooperation-supporting navigation mechanisms inknowledge spaces supported by a grant from the DFGresearch focus programme, “netzbasierte Wissenskom-munikation in Gruppen” (Net-based Knowledge Com-munication in Groups).

MediatronikMediatronik is an interdisciplinary research field thatis concerned with the situation-based integration oftechnical products in open systems.

NutzWareThe NutzWare, or UseWare, team at the University ofPaderborn is concerned with paradims for providinguser interfaces for the web.

StarOffice 4 Kids - SUN MicrosystemsThis project involves the conception and realisation ofa network-centered software infrastructure for stu-dents and teachers which allows documents andapplications to be maintained in a web-based envi-ronment.



Publications

Brattka, V.; Ziegler, M.: Turing-Computability of (Non-)Linear Optimization, in Proceedings of the 13th Cana-dian Conference on Computational Geometry(CCCG'01), pages 181-184, 2001.

Brattka, V., Ziegler, M.: A Computable Spectral Theo-rem, in Computability and Complexity in Analysis, vol-ume 2064, Springer LNCS series (2001), pages 378-388, 2001.

Czumaj, A.; Sohler, C.: Property Testing with GeometricQueries, in Proceedings of the 9th Annual EuropeanSymposium on Algorithms (ESA'01), pages 266-277,2001.

Czumaj, A.; Sohler, C.: Testing Hypergraph Coloring, inProceedings of the 28th International Colloqium onAutomata, Languages and Programming (ICALP'01),pages 493-505, 2001.

Czumaj, A.; Sohler, C.: Soft Kinetic Data Structures, inProceedings of the 12th ACM-SIAM Symposium onDiscrete Algorithms (SODA'01), pages 865-872, 2001.

Fiala, J.; Fishkin, A. V.; Fomin, F. V.: Online and OfflineDistance Constrained Labeling of Disk Graphs, in Pro-ceedings of the 9th Annual European Symposium onAlgorithms (ESA 2001), Springer Verlag, Lecture Notesin Computer Science, vol. 2161, pages 464-476, 2001.

Fomin, F. V.; Kratsch D., Novelli, J.-C.: Approximatingminimum cocolourings, in Proceedings of the 13-thInternational Symposium on Fundamentals of Compu-tation Theory (FCT 2001), Springer-Verlag LectureNotes in Computer Science, vol. 2138, pages 118-125,2001.

Fomin, F. V.; Lingas, A.: Approximation algorithms fortime-depending orienteering, in Proceedings of the13-th International Symposium on Fundamentals of

Computation Theory (FCT 2001) and the 1st Interna-tional Workshop on Efficient Algorithms (WEA 2001),Springer-Verlag Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2138, pages508-515, 2001.

Fomin, F. V. ; Matamala, M.; Prisner, E.; Rapaport, I.:Bilateral orientations and domination, Proceedings ofthe Brazilian Symposium on Graphs, Algorithms andCombinatorics (GRACO 2001), Electronic Notes in Dis-crete Mathematics, J. Szwarcfiter and S. Song, eds.,vol. 7, Elsevier Science Publishers, 2001.

Jakoby, A.; Schindelhauer, C.: Efficient Addition onField Programmable Gate Arrays, in Proceedings of the21st Conference on Foundations of Software Technol-ogy and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS'2001),pages 219-231, 2001.

Juurlink, B.; Kolman, P.; Meyer auf der Heide, F.;Rieping, I.: Optimal Broadcast on Parallel LocalityModels, accepted for Journal of Discrete Algorithms.

Klein, J.; Fischer, M.: Occlusion Culling for Virtual Envi-ronments based on the 3D-Sectorgraph,Informatiktage 2001 (Bad Schussenried).

Krick, C.; Räcke, H.; Westermann, M.: ApproximationAlgorithms for Data Management in Networks, inProc. of the 13th ACM SPAA (Crete), pages 237-246,2001.

Meyer auf der Heide, F.; Wanka, R.: Parallel BridgingModels and Their Impact on Algorithm Design, in PartII of Proc. Int. Conf. on Computational Science (ICCS),pages 628-637, 2001.

Piccolboni, A.; Schindelhauer, C.: Discrete PredictionGames with arbitrary Feedback and Loss, in 14thAnnual Conference on Computational Learning Theory(COLT'2001). pages 208-223, 2001.

Workgroup Theoretical Computer Science: Algorithms, Complexity Theory, Parallel ComputingProf. Dr. math. Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide

preOSCAPrecursory survey for the further development oflearning-supportive infrastructures in a universityenvironment using an Open Source approach.

qed - Guide for the development of digital mediaThe objective of this research is a book which willoffer guidance on the conception and realisation ofprojects on the topic of new media in the college lec-ture.

opensTeam - Structuring information in a TeamopensTeam provides an opportunity for groups of stu-dents and instructors to construct and arrange anindividual and cooperative learning space.


Sun Microsystems/Star Office Software DevelopmentGmbH/Mobilcom e-business GmbH: StarOffice 4 KidsDevelopment of a universal workplace on the net forstudents and teachers in which administration, appli-cations, and documents are offered as services.

sd&m Munich:Graphical user interfaces place high demands on thedesign capabilities of the developer, thus requiring ahigh level of education and further training.Approaches for usable design are provided through in-house trainings.

Weidmüller-Foundation:In cooperation with the district government in Det-mold, a new forum is under development for the con-struction and presentation of educational projects.


Workgroups94

Preis, R.; Salzwedel, K.; Hartmann, G.; Wolff, C.: Effi-cient Parallel Simulation of Pulse-Coded Neural Net-works (PCNN), in Proceedings of the 2001 Internation-al Conference on Parallel and Distributed ProcessingTechniques and Applications (PDPTA'2001), pages 463-469, 2001.

Reza Emamy-K.; M., Ziegler, M.: New Bounds forHypercube Slicing Numbers, in Proceedings of the FirstInternational Conference on Discrete Models - Combi-natorics, Computation and Geometry DM-CCG 2001,published as Special Issue of DMTCS, pages 155-164,2001.

Schindelhauer, C.; Weber, B.: Tree Approximation forthe Weighted Cost-Distance Problem, accepted forInternational Symposium on Algorithms and Compu-tation (ISAAC'2001).

Wand, M.; Fischer, M.; Peter, I.; Meyer auf der Heide, F.;Straßer, W.: The Randomized z-Buffer Algorithm:Interactive Rendering of Highly Complex Scenes, Com-puter Graphics Conference Proceedings (SIG-GRAPH'2001). GRAPH'2001).


Conference:ALCOM-FT Spring School on Dynamic Algorithms, May10-11, 2001Organization: Rolf Wanka

Prizes/Awards

Award for the best Diploma Thesis in the Departmentof Computer Science: Michael Wand is awarded in2001 by the Department of Computer Science for hisDiploma Thesis ``Approximative Darstellung dreidi-mensionaler Szenen mit randomisiertem z-Buffer''(“Approximative Rendering of 3D Scenes with the Z-Buffer Algorithm'').


PC-Member SPAA 2001 (13th ACM Symposium onParallel Algorithms and Architectures)

PC-Chair ESA 2001 (9th European Symposium onAlgorithms)

Director of DFG Collaborative Research Centre SFB376, “Massively Parallel Computing: Algorithms,Design Methods, Applications”

Director of DFG Graduate College “Parallel ComputerNetworks in Production Technique”

Chairman of the Special Interest Group on Parallel andDistributed Algorithms of the German Computer Soci-ety

Dean of Department of Computer Science, UniversityPaderborn

Member of the Fachbeirat of the Max-Planck-Institutefor Computer Science at Saarbrücken

Foreign Relationship Officer of the Paderborn Com-puter Science.


DFG Collaborative Research Center SFB 376 “MassiveParallelism: Algorithms, Design Methods, Applications'' · Part A1 “Efficient Parallel Algorithms'' · Part A2 “Universal Basic Services'' · Part C6 ”Mobile ad hoc Networks''

DFG Graduate College “Parallel Networks in Produc-tion Technique'' supported by the DFG and theStiftung Westfalen.

DFG Graduate College “Scientific Computing''

EU-Project “Algorithms and Complexity in FutureTechnology (ALCOM-FT)''

DAAD funding within the IAS program for exchangewith Carleton University, Canada.

DFG-Research Cluster: “Algorithms for Large andComplex Networks'' with Project: “Algorithms forLarge Dynamic Geometric Graphs''

NRW Graduate School of Dynamic Intelligent Systems

Publications

Bobda, Ch.; Steenbock, N.: Singular Value Decomposi-tion on Distributed Reconfigurable Systems. In 12thIEEE International Workshop on Rapid System Proto-typing, Monterey, California, USA, June 2001

El-Kebbe, D.A.: A UML Model for the MaSHReC Archi-tecture. In Proc. of the International Congress onInformation Science Innovations in Intelligent Auto-mated Manufacturing, Dubai, United Arab Emirates,March 2001

El-Kebbe, D.A.: A Real Time Holon-Based Architecturefor the Production Planning System: Further Results.

In Proc. of the Workshop on Agent Based SimulationII., Passau, Germany, April 2001

El-Kebbe, D.A.: Findings from Adapting Real-Time Ape-riodic Tasks to Production Planning Systems. In Proc.of the 8th IEEE Conference on Emerging Technologiesand Factory Automation, Antibes, France, October2001

El-Kebbe, D.A.: Scheduling of Manufacturing Systemsunder Hard Real-Time Constraints. In Proc. of the2001 IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Conference,Tucson, Arizona, USA, October 2001

El-Kebbe, D.A.: Aperiodic Scheduling of Real-TimeManufacturing Systems. In Proc. of the IEEE Workshop

Workgroup Design of Distributed SystemsProf. Dr. rer. nat. Franz Josef Rammig



on Real-Time Embedded Systems, London, UK, December2001

Glässer, U.; Eschbach, R.; Gotzhein, R.; M. von Löwis;Prinz, A.: SDL Formal Semantics: Compiling and RunningSDL Specifications on ASM Models. In Formal Methodsand Tools in Computer Science (Proc. of EUROCAST2001), Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands,Spain, February 2001

Glässer, U.; Gurevich, Y.; Veanes, M.: Universal Plug andPlay Machine Models. Microsoft Research TechnicalReport, MSR-TR-2001-59, June 2001

Glässer, U.; Gurevich, Y.; Veanes, M.: High-level Exe-cutable Specification of the Universal Plug and PlayArchitecture. To appear in Proc. of 35th Hawaii Interna-tional Conference on System Sciences (HICSS-35), Soft-ware Technology Track, Domain-Specific Languages forSoftware Engineering, Hawaii, January 2002

Glässer, U.; Eschbach, R.; Gotzhein, R.; M. von Löwis;Prinz, A.: SDL Formal Definition: Compiling and RunningSDL Specifications as ASM Models. In Journal of Univer-sal Computer Science, Special Issue on Abstract StateMachines - Theory and Applications. Springer-Verlag,October 2001 (to appear)

Glässer, U.; Börger, E. (editors): Journal of UniversalComputer Science, Special Issue on Abstract StateMachines - Theory and Applications. Springer-Verlag,October 2001 (to appear)

Kleinjohann, B. (editor): Distributed and Parallel Embed-ded Systems. Proceedings of the International IFIP WG10.3/WG10.4/WG 10.5 and GI Workshop on Distributedand Parallel Embedded Systems (DIPES '00), Kluwer Aca-demic Publishers, Paderborn, 2001

Kleinjohann, B.; Rust, C.: Modelling Intelligent Embed-ded Real-Time Systems using High-Level Petri Nets. InProceedings of the Forum on Design Languages (FDL'01),Lyon, France, September 2001

Lehmann, T.; Zanella, M.C.; Robrecht, M.; de Freitas Fran-cisco, A.; Horst, A.; R. Gielow, R.: RABBIT - A ModularRapid-Prototyping Platform for Distributed MechatronicSystems. SBCCI 2001, Pirenópolis, Brazil, 2001

Lehmann, T.; Schreckenberg, A.: Case Study of Integra-tion of Reconfigurable Logic as a Coprocessor into aSCI-Cluster under RT-Linux. FPL 2001, Belfast, Ireland,2001

Lehmann, T.; Hardt, W.; Visarius,M.: Towards a DesignMethodology Capturing Interface Synthesis.ITG/GI/GMM Workshop Methoden und Beschrei-bungssprachen zur Modellierung und Verifikation vonSchaltungen und Systemen, Meißen, 2001

Lukovszki, T.; Maheshwari, A.; Zeh, N.: I/O-EfficientBatched Range Counting and Its Applications to Prox-imity Problems. Proceedings of the 21st Annual Confer-ence on Foundations of Software Technology and Theo-retical Computer Science (FSTTCS'2001), LNCS SpringerVerlag, 2001

Müller, W.; Flake, S.: Spezifikation von Echtzeiteigen-schaften mit OCL für eine MFERT-basierte Fallstudie.Workshop Ablaufmodellierungen in Ingenieurwis-senschaftlichen Anwendungen, Berlin, October 2001

Müller, W.; Flake, S.: An OCL Extension for Real-TimeConstraints. In T. Clark and J. Warmer (eds.) 'Advances inObject Modelling with the OCL'. Springer Verlag, Decem-ber 2001

Müller, W.; Bauer, M.; Eikerling, H.J.; Pawlak, A.; Siekiers-ka, K.; Soderberg, D.; Warzee,X.: Advanced Infrastructurefor PAN-European Collaborative Engineering. The e-Business and e-Work Conference and Exhibition, Venice,Italy, October 2001

Müller, W.; Flake, S.; Geiger, Ch.; Pälke, V.; Rosenbach,W.; Ruf, J.: Customer-Oriented Systems Design throughVirtual Prototypes. In Proceedings of IEEE KMN 2001,Boston, USA, June 2001

Müller, W.; Ruf, J.; Hofmann, D.; Gerlach, J.; Kropf, Th.;Rosenstiehl, W.: The Simulation semantics of SystemC.In Proceedings of Design, Automation, and Test inEurope (DATE 2001), Munich, Germany, March 2001

Müller, W.; Dangberg, A.: Generation of Interactive Visu-al Interfaces for Resource Management. ISI 2001, Dubai,March 2001

Müller, W.; Flake, S.; Pape, U.; Ruf, J.: Real-Time ModelChecking for the Analysis of flexible Manufacturing Sys-tems. ISI 2001, Dubai, March 2001

Müller, W.; Lehrenfeld, G.; Tellmann, R.: Security Con-cepts for Agent-Based Systems. SCASE 01, Enschede,Netherlands, March 2001

Müller, W.; Meyer, A.; Zabel, H.: A Language for theRapid Prototyping of Mobile Evolving Agents. Proceed-ings of the Hawai International Conference On SystemSciences, Maui, USA, January 2001

Rammig, F.J.; Hardt, W.; Böke, C.; Ditze, C.; Stroop, J.;Rettberg, A.; Del Castillo, G.; Kleinjohann, B.; Teich, J.: IP-Based System Design with the PARADISE Design Envi-ronment. Accepted for Journal for Systems Architec-ture- The Euromicro Journal, Elsevier, 2001

Rammig, F.J.: HW/SW Co-Design for Automotive Sys-tems. In Proc. 4th IEEE ISORC, Magdeburg, 2001

Rammig, F.J.; Rettberg, A.: Collaborative Design ofEmbedded Hardware/Software Components With theDistributed PARADISE Environment. DFG SPPKONDISK/SPEZI/ES/RP Workshop - Modelltransformationund Werkzeugkopplung, TU Braunschweig, 2001

Rammig, F.J.: Entwurf Eingebetteter Realzeitsysteme.Nordrhein-Westfälische Akademie der Wissenschaften,7.11.2001, erscheint im Westdeutschen Verlag

Rammig, F.J.: Modelling and Synthesis Aspects of thePARADISE Design Environment. Accepted for IEEEWORDS’02, 2002

Rettberg, A.; Kleinjohann, B.: A Fast Asynchronous Re-configurable Architecture for Multimedia Applications.Proceedings of the 14th Symposium on Integrated Cir-cuits and System Design (SBCCI 2001), Pirenópolis, GO(Brazil), September 2001

Rettberg, A.; Thronicke, W.: Collaborative Design forEmbedded Hardware/Software Components with theDistributed PARADISE Environment. Proceedings of the5th World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics


Workgroups96

and Informatics (SCI 2001), Orlando, FL (USA), July2001

Rettberg, A.; Thronicke, W.: The Distributed PARADISEEnvironment for Collaborative Design of EmbeddedHardware Components. Proceedings of the 8th Euro-pean Concurrent Engineering Conference (ECEC 2001),Valencia, Spain, April 2001

Rust, C.; Tacken, J.; Böke, C.: Pr/T-Net based SeamlessDesign of Embedded Real-Time Systems. In Proceed-ings of International Conference on Application andTheory of Petri Nets (ICATPN ‘01), Springer Verlag,Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K., June 2001

Zhao, Y.; Wang, Y.; Zhang, W.; Ai, B.: Define theSemantics of SDL with ASM. International Confer-ences on Info-Tech & Info-net (ICII2001), Beijing,China, 2001


Chair of DIPES 2002 at the IFIP World Computer Conference 2002, Montreal, Canada (B. Kleinjohann)

Co-Chair and PC member of the ASM 2001 Workshop,EUROCAST 01, Gran Canaria, Spain, Feb. 2001 (U.Glässer)

Co-Chair and PC member of the 10th SDL Forum,Copenhagen, Denmark, June 2001 (U. Glässer)


Member in IFIP TC 10

Member in IFIP work groups 10.5 and Fb 3

Member in GI/RSS/ITG Management board


SFB 376 Tp. B1 - Design Methods for Massively Paral-lel Real-Time Systems (DFG)

TEReCS - Design of Customizable Real-Time Commu-nication Systems (DFG)

ISILEIT - Integrated Specification of Distributed Con-trol Systems in Flexible Automated Manufacturing(DFG)

EVENTS - New Computer Vision Techniques and Real-Time Approaches for Innovative Image Interpolationfor Multi-View Presentations of TV Transmissions inWide Scenarios (EU)

Vernetzte Mobile Systeme (Stiftung Westfalen)


ASM-ZT (Siemens)

Guest Prof. Dr. PCP Bhatt, Indian Institute of Informa-tion Technology, Bangalore, India (Mai - Sep. 2001)

Publications

Awerbuch, B.; Berenbrink, P.; Brinkmann, A.; Scheidel-er, C.: “Simple Routing Stategies for Adversarial Sys-tems”, 42nd Annual Symposium on Foundations ofComputer Science (FOCS), Las Vegas, Nevada, 14.-17.Okt., 2001, pp. 158-167.

Berenbrink, P., Brinkmann, A., Scheideler, C.: “SimLab -A Simulation Environment for Storage Area Networks”,9th Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and DistributedProcessing 2001, Mantova, Italien, 07.-09. Feb. 2001,pp. 227-234.

Grünewald, M., Sitte, J.: “A Resource-EfficientApproach to Obstacle Avoidance via Optical Flow”,Autonomous Minirobots for Research and Edutain-ment (AMiRE´01), Paderborn, Germany, 22.-24. Okt.,2001, pp. 205-214.

Grünewald, M., Sitte, J.: “Cheap Vision: ObstacleAvoidance via Optical Flow”, Autonomous Minirobotsfor Research and Edutainment (AMiRE´01), Paderborn,Germany, 22.-24. Okt., 2001, pp. 331-332.

Hunstock, R., Rückert, U., Hanna, T.: “Implementationand Analysis of Mobile Agents in a Simulation Envi-ronment for Fieldbus Systems”, 2001 International

Conference on Intelligent Agent Technology (IAT-01),Maebashi, Japan, 23.-26. Okt., 2001, pp. 484-489.

Iske, B., Rückert, U.: “A Methodology for the BehaviourDesign of Autonomous Systems”, IEEE/RSJ Interna-tional Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems,29. Okt. - 03. Nov., 2001, Maui, Hawaii, USA, pp. 539-544.

Iske, B., Rückert, U.: “Cooperative Cube Clusteringusing Local Communication”, Autonomous Minirobotsfor Research and Edutainment (AMiRE´01), Paderborn,Germany, 22.-24. Okt., 2001, pp. 333-334.

Iske, B., Rückert, U.: “Performance Analysis of a Colonyof Locally Communicating Robots”, AutonomousMinirobots for Research and Edutainmetn (AMiRE´01),Paderborn, Germany, 22.-24. Okt., 2001, pp. 253-260.

Klahold, J. Rautenberg, J., Rückert, U.: “Demonstrationof an Ultrasonic Sensor for Mobile Minirobots UsingPseudo-Random Codes”, Autonomous Minirobots forResearch and Edutainment (AMiRE´01), Paderborn,Germany, 22-24. Okt., 2001, pp. 335-336.

Klahold, J., Rautenberg, J., Rückert, U.: “UltrasonicSensor for Mobile Mini-Robots Using Pseudo-RandomCodes”, Autonomous Minirobots for Research andEdutainment (AMiRE´01), Paderborn, Germany, 22-24.Okt., 2001, pp. 225-232.

Workgroup System and Circuit TechnologyProf. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Rückert



Löffler, A., Klahold, J., Rückert, U.: “The Mini-RobotKhepera as a Foraging Animate: Synthesis and Analy-sis of Behaviour”, Autonomous Minirobots forResearch and Edutainment (AMiRE´01), Paderborn,Germany, 22-24. Okt., 2001, pp. 93-130.

Niemann, J.-C., Witkowski, U., Porrmann, M., Rückert,U.: “Extension Module for Application-Spedific Hard-ware on the Minirobot Khepera”, Autonomous Miniro-bots for Research and Edutainment (AMiRE´01),Paderborn, Germany, 22.-24. Okt., 2001, pp. 279-288.

Porrmann, M., Kalte, H., Witkowski, U., Niemann, J.-C.,Rückert, U.: “A Dynamically Reconfigurable HardwareAccelerator for Self-Organizing Feature Maps”, Pro-ceedings of the 5th World Multi-Conference on Sys-temics, Cybernetics and Informatics, SCI 2001 Orlando,Florida USA, 22.-25. Juli, 2001, pp. 242-247.

Porrmann, M., Rückert, U., Landmann, J., Marks, K.-M.:“XipChip - A Multiprocessor CPU for MultifunctionPeripherals”, Proceeding of the 5th World Multi-Con-ference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, SCI2001 Orlando, Florida USA, 22.-25. Juli 2001, pp. 512-517.

Porrmann, M., Rüping, S., Rückert, U.: “The Impact ofCommunication on Hardware Accelerators for NeuralNetworks”, Proceedings of the 5th World Multi-Con-ference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, SCI2001 Orlando, Florida USA, 22.-25. Juli 2001, pp. 248-253.

Rückert, U., Sitte, J., Witkowski, U., “AutonomousMinirobots for Research and Edutainment”, Proceed-ings of the 5th International Heinz Nixdorf Sympo-sium, HNI-Verlagsschriftenreihe, Band 97, Paderborn,2001.

Rückert, U.: “ULSI Architectures for Artificial NeuralNetworks”, 9th Euromicro Workshop on Parallel andDistributed Processing 2001, 07.-09. Feb. 2001, Manto-va, Italien, pp.436-442.

Schmidt, M., Rückert, U.: “Content-Based InformationRetrieval using an embedded Neural Associative Mem-ory”, 9th Euromicro Workshop on Parallel and Distrib-uted Processing 2001, Mantova, Italien, 07.-09. Feb.2001, pp. 443-450.

Witkowski, U., Heittmann, A., Rückert, U.: “HardwareImplementation of Self-Organizing Maps and Associa-tive Memory on the Minirobot Khepera”, AutonomousMinirobots for Research and Edutainment (AMiRE´01),Paderborn, Germany, 22-24. Okt., 2001, pp. 269-278.


AMiRE2001Minirobots were the central topic of the 5th Interna-tional Heinz Nixdorf Symposium entitled“Autonomous Minirobots for Research and Edutain-ment – AMiRE 2001”. It was attended by more than150 participants.

Prizes/Awards

Award for the best diploma thesisThe Department of Electrical Engineering and Infor-

mation Technology gives an annual award for the bestdiploma thesis. In 2001, Ingo Hehemann was therecipient of this award for his diploma thesis on “PLL-basierte Daten- und Taktrückgewinnungsschaltung inCMOS-Technologie”.


Member of the Advisory Council of the C-LAB

Member of the Advisory Council of the L-LAB

Member of the Advisory Council of the PC2

(Paderborn Center for Parallel Computing)

Member of the Advisory Council of the PaSCo(Paderborn Institute for Scientific Computation)

Associate Dean of the Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology


Realtime Data Server: Scheduling, Routing, Chip-DesignSupported by the DFG in connection with the Collabo-rative Research Centre 376, this project aims at thedesign and realisation of a parallel data server. Incooperation with Professor Monien and ProfessorMeyer auf der Heide, this server is being designed asan embedded system consisting of a network of activerouting nodes.

Resource-efficient Function Approximator forAutonomous SystemsBased on analogue circuit technology, a microelec-tronic module is being developed for the resource-efficient implementation of a function approximatorfor autonomous systems. This is done in cooperationwith Professor Sitte, Queensland University of Tech-nology, Australia.

Routing Nodes for Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (Manets)It is the aim of this project to design a resource-effi-cient one-chip system, which facilitates the operationof Manets on the basis of an adaptive communicationprocess that has been worked out in cooperation withthe working group of Professor Meyer auf der Heide’sresearch group. This project is part of the Collabora-tive Research Centre 376 of the DFG..


Applications of Embedded Parallel Processor Architec-tures for Network EnvironmentsIn this project, we are evaluating embedded parallelprocessor architectures. On this basis, an embeddedprocessor core has been designed in cooperation withthe Infineon AG (Munic).

High-Speed Communication Networks in AutomationTechnologyIn cooperation with the Phoenix Contact GmbH, weare evaluating the use of Ethernet technology in thefield of automation technology. A switch is beingdeveloped that is optimised for the special require-ments on field-level, such as flexibility and determin-ism.


Workgroups98

Publications

Börnchen, T.: Zur Entwicklung dynamischer Kompo-nenten für variables Kraftfahrzeug-Scheinwerferlicht.HNI-Verlagsschriftenreihe, Vol. 93, ISBN 3-935433-02-6, Paderborn, 2001.

Hemsel, T.: State of the art and development trends ofultrasonic linear motors. 2000 IEEE Ultrasonics Sym-posium, Ultrasonics, Ferroelectics, and Frequency Con-trol Society, 2001, Vol.1, ISSN 1051-0117, pp. 663-666.

Hemsel, T.: Untersuchung und Weiterentwicklung lin-earer piezoelektrischer Schwingungsantriebe. HNI-Ver-lagsschriftenreihe, Vol. 101, ISBN 3-935433-10-7,Paderborn, 2001.

Hemsel, T.; Wallaschek, J.: Piezoelektrische lineareSchwingungsantriebe. VDI-Z/Konstruktion, I/2001,Special Antriebstechnik, 2001, pp. 70-71.

Henke, A.: Modellierung, Simulation und Optimierungpiezoelektrischer Stellsysteme. HNI-Verlagsschriften-reihe, Vol. 96, ISBN 3-935433-05-0, Paderborn, 2001.

Littmann, W.; Storck, H.; Wallaschek, J.: Reduction offriction using piezoelectrically excited ultrasonic vibra-tions. SPIE 8th Annual Int. Symposium on SmartStructures and Materials, März 2001, Newport Beach.Bellingham, Washington, SPIE – The InternationalSociety for Optical Engineering, 2001.

Littmann, W.; Storck, H.; Wallaschek, J.: Sliding frictionin the presence of ultrasonic oscillations: superposi-tion of longitudinal oscillations, Archive of AppliedMechanics, 2001, Vol. 71, pp. 549-554.

Storck, H.; Littmann, W.; Wallaschek, J.; Mracek, M.:The effect of friction reduction in presence of ultra-sonic vibrations and its relevance to travelling waveultrasonic motors, Ultrasonics, Ultrasonics Internation-al, Delft 2001, in print.

Storck, H.; Sumali, H.; Pu, Y.: Experimental ModalAnalysis of Automotive Exhaust Structures. SAE Paper,SAE 2001 World Congress, Detroit, MI, March 5-8,2001. Vol. 2001-01-0662. Warrendale, Pa., 2001.

Storck, H.; Wallaschek, J.: The effect of tangential elas-ticity of the contact layer between stator and rotor intravelling wave ultrasonic motors, Journal of Non-lin-ear Mechanics, 2001, in print.

Wedman, S.; Wallaschek, J.: Condition Monitoring inmechatronischen Systemen. VDI Berichte: Schwingun-gen in Anlagen und Maschinen. Vol. 1606, pp. 243-258. Düsseldorf, VDI-Verlag, 2001.

Wedman, S.; Wallaschek, J.: The application of a life-time observer in vehicle technology. Proceedings ofthe 4th Int. Conference on Damage, Assessment ofStructures (DAMAS 2001), Key Engineering Materials.Vol. 204-205, pp. 153-162. Uetikon-Zürich, Trans TechPublications, 2001.

Wördenweber, B.; Wickord, W.: Chance oder Risiko?Erfolgreiche Technologieentwicklung mit Innovations-management. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer Verlag, ISBN3-540-42026-6, 2001.


“Neue Bahntechnik Paderborn”, rail#tec 2001, Dortmund (19-21 Nov. 2001)

Computer.Gehirn – Exhibition. Development and exhi-bition of an exhibit “Sphere-Plate” for demonstrativeexplanation of sensor and actuator power of robots;25 September 2001 - 1 March 2002; Heinz NixdorfMuseumsforum, Paderborn


Vice-president for research

Chairman of the committee “Vibration Engineering” atthe VDI

Spokesman of the competence-network “LED in NRW”


INERELA – Integrative Development of Spatial Elec-tronic Assemblies

L-LAB – Research Centre for Lighting Technology andMechatronics

NBP – “Neue Bahntechnik Paderborn”

Active lighting systems

Adaptive piezoelectric resonant transducers undernon-linear boundary conditions

Active lateral suspension for railway vehiclesPiezoelectric linear drives

Collective road illumination by several vehicles

Fine positioning with ultrasonic travelling wavemotors

Workgroup Mechatronics and DynamicsProf. Dr.-Ing. Jörg Wallaschek

Neural Data Analysis for the Fabrication of IntegratedCircuitsIn cooperation with the Robert Bosch GmbH, methodsfor the explorative data analysis with neural networksare being developed. In order to verify the methods,we are using data from the production of semicon-ductors.

IMM-TV – Interactive Multimedia TV-SystemsIn cooperation with the AXCENT Media AG and thePC2 (Paderborn), it is the aim of this project to developtechnologies and systems that provide interactivebroadband multimedia services.



Workgroup Electrical EngineeringProf. Dr. rer. nat. Georg Hartmann

Publications

Büker, U.; Drüe, S.; Hartmann, G.; Kalkreuter, R.; Stem-mer, R.; Trapp, R.: Vision-based control of anautonomous disassembly station. In: Robotics andAutonomous Systems 35 (Elsevier) 2001, pp. 170 - 189

Prizes/Awards

Award of dean for best PhD thesis 2001 for Dr.-Ing.Nicolai Götze


Member of Fachausschuss 5.1 der ITG

Referee of Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung

Referee of the German Research Association (DFG)

Publications

Becker, M.: Eine flexible, kompakte, hydraulischeAntriebseinheit für die aktive Federung. VDI Mecha-tronik Tagung 2001; Frankenthal bei Mannheim

Biber, H.; Ettingshausen, C.: Ein Werkzeug für denvereinfachten Entwurf mechatronischer Systeme. 5.Magdeburger Maschinenbautage, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg; Magdeburg

Deppe, M.; Oberschelp, O.; Münch, E.: Echtzeit-Para-meter-Optimierung und -Überwachung in mechatron-ischen Systemen. 5. Magdeburger Maschinenbautage,Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg; Magde-burg

Deppe, M.; Robrecht, M.; Zanella, M.; Hardt, W.: RapidPrototyping of Real-Time Control Laws for ComplexMechatronic Systems. Submitted to: 12 th IEEE Inter-national Workshop on Rapid System Prototyping;Monterey, CA

Ettingshausen, C.; Hestermeyer, T.; Lückel, J.; Schlaut-mann, P.: Entwurfs- und Modelierungsstruktur derMechatronik am Beispiel der Neuen BahntechnikPaderborn. ASIM 2001, 15. Symposium Simulation-stechnik, Universität Paderborn; Paderborn

Hestermeyer, T.; Becker, M.; Neuendorf, N.: Nichtlin-eare ABC-Regelungen mit Operator-Controller-Struk-tur, abgestimmt auf Führung und Störung der Straße.Haus der Technik, Driveability; Essen

Koch, T.; Meier-Noe, U.; Scharfeld, F.; Zanella, M.: X-mobile - Entwurf eines mechatronischen Systems vomModell bis zum realen Prototypen. ASIM 2001, 15.

Symposium Simulationstechnik, Universität Paderborn;Paderborn

Koch, T.; Zanella, M.; Scharfeld, F.; Schmitz, J.: X-mobile - Ein flexibles Fahrzeug für Forschung undLehre. Konstruktion - Zeitschrift für Produktentwick-lung Organzeitschrift der VDI-Gesellschaft VDI-EKV,vol 4/2001, Springer VDI Verlag. (S.102 - 104)

Koch, T.; Zanella, M.; Schmitz, J.: X-mobile - erstephysikalische Realisierung eines innovativenStadtzubringerfahrzeugs. VDI Mechatronik, Tagung2001, Innovative Produktentwicklungen; Frankenthal

Lückel, J.; Hestermeyer, T.; Liu-Henke, X.: Generaliza-tion of the Cascade Principle in View of a StructuredForm of Mechatronic Systems. 2001 IEEE/ASME Inter-national Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mecha-tronics (AIM 2001), Villa Olmo; Como, Italy

Lückel, J.; Moritz, W.; Kuhlbusch, W.; Toepper, S.;Scharfeld, F.; Maißer, P.; Freudenberg, H.; Kallenbach,E.; Zentner, J.; Saffert, E.: Iterative model-based Designof the Parallel Robot, TRIPLANAR. 2001 IEEE/ASMEInternational Conference on Advanced IntelligentMechatronics (AIM 2001), Villa Olmo; Como, Italy

Oberschelp, O.; Homburg, C.; Deppe, M.; Gambuzza, A.;Seuss, J.: Verarbeitungsorientierte Darstellung verteil-ter hybrider Systeme der Mechatronik. 5. MagdeburgerMaschinenbautage, Otto-von-Guericke-UniversitätMagdeburg; Magdeburg

Toepper, S.; Lückel, J.; Moritz, Wolfgang; K., Walter;Scharfeld, F.: Modellgestützter Entwurf des Parallelro-boters TRIPLANAR. Model-based Design of the ParallelRobot TRIPLANAR. VDI Mechatronik, Tagung 2001,Innovative Produktentwicklungen; Frankenthal

Workgroup Mechatronics Laboratory PaderbornProf. Dr.-Ing. Joachim Lückel

dSPACE GmbHdSPACE is the leading supplier worldwide ofsolutions for developing and testing rapidmechatronic control systems. dSPACE systemsenable manufacturers of controllers and ECUs toreduce their development times and costs dra-matically and to noticeably increase their prod-uct quality. What makes this possible is our opti-mal mix of standard solutions and customer-spe-cific engineering for controller prototyping, auto-matic production code generation and virtualsystem tests.

iXtronics GmbHiXtronics was founded in 1999 by four membersof the Mechatronics Laboratory Paderborn (MLaP)and its head, Professor Dr.-Ing. J. Lückel. The serv-ices and products of the company range from thecomputer-based development of mechatronicsystems to distribution of tools for the design ofthese systems. Furthermore, iXtronics offers services in the fieldof object-oriented programming and consulting.

Spin-Offs


L-LAB, Research Centre for Lighting Technology andMechatronics (PublicPrivatePartnership between the

University of Paderborn and Hella KG Hueck & Co.)

Hesse & Knipps GmbH: Piezoelectric actuators inbonding machinesn


Publications

Albracht, Frank; Plachetka, Tomas; Schmidt, Olaf: TheHiQoS Rendering System; (to appear in) Proc. of the28th Annual Conf. on Current Trends in Theory andPractice of Informatics (SOFSEM 2001), Lecture Notesin Computer Science, Springer-Verlag, Piestany, Slova-kia, 2001

Bezrukov, Sergei L.; Elsässer, Robert: Edge Isoperimet-ric Problems for Cartesian Powers of Regular Graphs;27th International Workshop on Graph-Theoretic Con-cepts in Computer Science (WG 2001), 2001

Fahle, Torsten; Schamberger, Stefan; Sellmann,Meinolf: Breaking Symmetries; Proceedings Principlesand Practice of Constraint Programming; 7th Interna-tional Conference, CP 2001, Paphos, Cyprus 2001

Fahle, Torsten; Sellmann, Meinolf: Coupling VariableFixing Algorithms for the Automatic Recording Prob-lem; Proceedings of ESA 2001. 9th Annual EuropeanSymposium, Aarhus, Denmark, August 28-31, 2001,Springer LNCS 2161, page 134-145, (c) Springer Verlag

Fahle, Torsten; Sellmann, Meinolf: Constraint Program-ming Based Lagrangian Relaxation for a MultimediaApplication; Proceedings CP-AI-OR'01, Ashford/UK,April 2001.

Kliewer, Georg; Koberstein, Achim: Network DesignProblem: Modeling and Solving in an Airline Alliance;Conference of the European Chapter on CombinatorialOptimization (ECCO XIV), Bonn, June 2001

Monien, Burkhard; Elsässer, Robert; Lücking,Thomas:New Spectral Bounds on k-Partitioning ofGraphs; Proc. of the Thirteenth ACM Symposium onParallel Algorithms and Architectures; (SPAA 2001),2001, page 255-262

Monien, Burkhard; Elsässer, Robert; Kralovic, Rastislav:Scalable Sparse Topologies with Small Spectrum; 18thAnnual Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Comput-er Science, Proceedings (STACS 2001), 2001, page 218-229

Monien ,Burkhard, Fahle, Torsten; Götz, Silvia; Grothk-lags, Sven; Kliewer, Georg; Sellmann, Meinolf: Flugpla-nung mit Informatik Methoden; ForschungsforumPaderborn, 4/2001

Monien, Burkhard; Preis, Robert: Upper Bounds on theBisection Width of 3- and 4-regular Graphs; 26thInternational Symposium on Mathematical Founda-tions of Computer Science (MFCS), LNCS 2136, 2001,page 524-536

Monien, Burkhard; van den Herik, H.J.: ProceedingsAdvances in Computer Games 9; ACC’99, Paderborn,(Eds. B. Monien, H.J. van den Herik)

Workgroups100

Workgroup Parallel Computing Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Burkhard Monien

Zanella, M.; Koch, T.; Scharfeld, F.: Development andStructuring of Mechatronic Systems, Exemplified bythe Modular Vehicle X-mobile. 2001 IEEE/ASME Inter-national Conference on Advanced Intelligent Mecha-tronics (2001), Villa Olmo; Como, Italy

Zanella, M.; Robrecht, M.; Lehmann, T.; Gielow, R.; deFreitas Francisco, A.; Horst, A.: RABBIT: A ModularRapid Prototyping Platform for Distributed Mechatron-ic System. SBCCI 2001 - XIV Symposium on IntegratedCircuits and Systems Design; Brasília - Brasilien

Zanella, M.; Scharfeld, F.; Koch, T.: X-mobile: A MobileVehicle of Research and Education. RAAD 2001, 10thInternational Workshop on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region; Vienna - Austria


Neue Bahntechnik PaderbornAn innovative railway system which combines modernchassis technology with the advantages of the TRAN-SRAPID and the use of the existing tracks.Intersection ManagementSupported by DFG-SFB 376 “Massive Parallelism -Algorithms, Design Methods, Applications”The Mechatronics Laboratory Paderborn contributes tothe research work by introducing intersection manage-ment as an example of an application where novelsynthesis methods for the integration of autonomousmechatronic systems (e.g., individual vehicles) intointerconnected mechatronic systems (e.g., vehicle con-voys) are to be elaborated.

IPANEMA (Integration Platform for Networked Mecha-tronic Applications)One main aspect of hardware-in-the-loop simulationsis the distributed real-time simulation of mechatronicsystems. For this purpose the simulation platformIPANEMA (Integration Platform for Networked Mecha-tronic Applications) was developed at the MLaP.

TriPlanarA working platform with six degrees of freedom forpositioning, measuring and manufacturing.

X-mobileThe test vehicle X-mobile is a fine example of howmechatronic systems are designed; the design method-ology was conceived at the MLaP and centers around aholistic, interdisciplinary consideration of all systemcomponents involved.


TESLAA test platform for the Rapid Prototyping of precisionengineering systems. A co-operation of the WincorNixdorf GmbH & Co. KG and the MLaP. With the RapidPrototyping system TESLA the user can test new prod-ucts already in the early stages of the development.The results of the analysis give detailed informationabout the dynamic behavior of the test object.



Röttger, Markus ; Schroeder, Ulf-Peter: EfficientEmbeddings of Grids into Grids; Discrete AppliedMathematics, Vol. 108, 2001, page 143-173

Sensen, Norbert: Lower Bounds and Exact Algorithmsfor the Graph Partitioning Problem Using; Multicom-modity Flows Algorithms - ESA 2001, F. Meyer auf derHeide (ed.), Springer, LNCS 2161, Aug 2001, 391-403


10. International Paderborn Computer Chess Tourna-ment, 20.02.-25.02.2001


Member of the North-Rhine-Westphalia Academy ofSciences

Chairman of the board for PC2

Associated Member of HNI-Committee

Member of “Graduate School on Dynamic IntelligentSystems” Committee

Member of course of graduate lectures “AutomaticConfiguration of open Systems” Committee


NRW-Research Network “Modeling and Simulation ofproduction lines in producing chemical products”, Project: “Modeling and Simulation of Solid ParticleProduction Processes – particularly powdered lacquer– by atomizing melted polymers in an ultrasonic-wavecontainment field.” Partner: Department of Chemistryat Paderborn University (H.-J. Warnecke, H.-C. Broeck-er, A. Goldschmidt), University of Stuttgart, Universityof Halle Wittenberg, DuPont Herberts Automotive Sys-tems, UCB Chemistry GmbH.Research Area: Numerical Simulation, Parallel Algo-rithms

DFG-Special research field “Massive Parallelism: Algo-rithms, Design Methods, Applications” Sub-Project A2: Universal Basic Primitives Sub-Project A3: Balancing dynamic Networks: Foun-dations and Applications

DFG- Central Program “Efficient Algorithms for dis-crete Problems and their Applications”Project: “Sequential and distributed Algorithms forselective evaluation of Min/Max-Trees”.

DFG- Central Program “Algorithms for larger andmore complex Networks”Project: “Integration of Network Concepts and fleetassignment in Flight planning”Research Area: Combinatorial Optimizations, Meta-Heuristics, and Airline Optimizations.

“HiQoS – High Performance Multimedia services withQuality of Service Guarantees”BMBF- Co-operative project. Co-operative partner:Siemens AG, Pixelpark AG, Axcent Media AG, APEPtacek Engineering GmbH, IEZ AG.

Research Area: Rendering, Multimedia-Technology,Quality-of-Service, Parallel Computing.

PARPAP – Participative Personnel deployment plan-ning for the outpatient care serviceBMBF-Co-operative project. Co-operative partner: VSSOrganization for Consulting, Project management andInformation technologies mbH, University of Karl-sruhe, GAB – Organization for Education research andProfessional development GbR, ASB – Worker-Samari-tan -Association, National Association Bremen e.V.,AKS – Outpatient Medical - and Senior care, Bremercare service.Research Area: Combinatorial Optimizations, CrewScheduling, Vehicle Routing.

UP-TV – Ubiquitous Personalized Interactive Multime-dia TV Systems and ServicesEU-Project (IST Program). Partner: Bertelsmann MediaSystems GmbH (D), Infonova EDV, Information Tech-nology and System Development Society mbH (A), Pix-elpark AG (D), PPS Press-Program-Service GmbH (D),Grundig AG (D), Hellenic Broadcasting Corporation(GR), Technical University of Crete (GR), Axcent MediaAG (D), NV TV Limburg (B), Intracom S.A. HellenicTelecommunications and Electronics Industry (GR)UP-TV is an integrated research and developmentproject developing basic technologies for TV Anytimesystems and services. The research goals targeted inthis project focus on the identification of media con-tent that has to be recorded, the placement of thosemedia assets onto single and networked media servic-es as well as the organization of an efficient andcomfortable access to these assets.

ALCOM-FT – Algorithms and Complexity – FutureTechnologyEU-Project (IST Program). Partner: University of Aarhus(DK), Max-Planck-Institute for Computer Science (D),Institute National de Recherche en Informatique et enAutomatique INRIA (F), Computer Technology Institute(GR), University of Rom (I), University of Utrecht (NL),University of Köln (D), University Politecnica Catalun-ya, Barcelona (E), University of Warwick (UK)The main emphasis of the project is on a novel combi-nation of application-oriented research in threeimportant areas - massive data sets, massive andcomplex communications and complex problems inproduction and planning, with innovative method-ological work on experimental algorithmics andgeneric algorithmic methods.


Use of Operations Research Procedures in Airline Opti-mizationEmployer: Lufthansa Systems GmbH

Conception of optimization algorithms for the LocalDecision Support System in FrankfurtEmployer: Lufthansa Systems GmbH, DFS DeutscheFlugsicherung GmbH

Spin-Offs

m3ITS – Multimedia & moreOrientation and Main Field of Activity:IT-Services – is active in the areas of Consulting,Software development, Networks and Server,Multimedia (digital Audio & Video content cre-ation, Streaming), Databases and Web Design.

Tschöke Optimierungssysteme GmbHOrientation and Main Field of Activity:The object of the corporation is the Developmentand Marketing of Software for Production plan-ning with the help of mathematical Optimizationprocedures, as well as enterprise consulting. Theleading producer of wooden materials is amongour list of clients.


Publications

Cantelar, E.; Di Paolo, R.E.; Cussó, F.; Nevado, R.;Lifante, G.; Sohler, W.; Suche; H.: “Spectroscopy of Er3+

in Zn-diffused LiNbO3 waveguides”, J. Alloys andCompounds, vol. 323-324, 348-350 (2001)

Das, B.K.; Suche, H. and Sohler, W.: “Single-frequencyTi:Er:LiNbO3 distributed Bragg reflector waveguidelaser with two integrated photorefractive gratings”,Proc. 10th European Conference on Integrated Optics(ECIO '01), Paderborn, 87-90, April 2001

Das, B.K.; Suche, H.; Sohler, W.: “Single-frequencyTi:Er:LiNbO3 distributed Bragg reflector waveguidelaser with thermally fixed photorefractive cavity”,Appl. Phys. B 73, Special Issue on Integrated Optics,439-442 (2001)

Dierolf, V.; Kutsenko, V; Ostendorf, A.; von der Osten,W.; Sohler, W.; Suche, H.: “Site-selective spectroscopyof Er3+:Ti:LiNbO3 waveguides”, Appl. Phys. B 72, 803-810 (2001)

Koonen, A.M.J.; Smit, M.K.; Herrmann, H. and Sohler,W.: “Wavelength Selective Devices”, Chap. 7 in: Veng-haus, H.; Grote, N. (Eds.): “Devices for Optical Commu-nication Systems”, Heidelberg, Berlin, Springer Verlag,262-312, 2001

Peverini, O.A.; Herrmann, H. and Orta, R.: “Film-loadedstrip- and slot-type SAW waveguides for integratedacousto-optical polarization converters in LiNbO3”,Proc. 10th European Conference on Integrated Optics(ECIO '01), Paderborn, 31-34, April 2001

Rust, U. and Herrmann, H.: “Modelling of integratedacoustooptical devices”, Proc. 10th European Confer-ence on Integrated Optics (ECIO '01), Paderborn, 39-42, April 2001

Schreiber, G.; Hofmann, D.; Grundkötter, W.; Lee, Y.L.;Suche, H.; Quiring, V.; Ricken, R. and Sohler W.: “Non-linear integrated optical frequency converters withperiodically poled Ti:LiNbO3 waveguides”, Proc. SPIE,vol. 4277, 144 (2001) Photonics West 2001 (invited)

Schreiber, G.; Suche, H.; Lee, Y.L.; Grundkötter, W.;Quiring, V.; Ricken, R. and Sohler, W.: “Efficient cas-caded difference frequency conversion at 2 GHz and10 GHz repetition rate in a periodically poledTi:LiNbO3 waveguide”, Proc. 10th European Confer-ence on Integrated Optics (ECIO '01), Paderborn, 209-212, April 2001

Schreiber, G.; Suche, H.; Lee, Y.L.; Grundkötter, W.;Quiring, V.; Ricken, R.; Sohler, W.: “Efficient cascadedfrequency conversion in periodically poled Ti:LiNbO3waveguides using pulsed and cw pumping”, Appl.Phys. B 73, Special Issue on Integrated Optics, 501-504 (2001)

Sohler, W. (ed.): Proc. 10th European Conference onIntegrated Optics (ECIO '01), Paderborn/Germany, April2001

Sohler, W. (guest editor): Appl. Phys. B, Special Issueon Integrated Optics (2001)

Suche, H.; Schreiber, G.; Lee, Y.L.; Quiring, V.; Ricken,R.; Sohler, W.; Paoletti, A.; Carbone, F.; Caccioli, D. andSchiffini, A.: “Efficient Ti:PPLN multi-wavelength con-verter for high bitrate WDM transmission systems”,Proc. European Conference on Optical Communication(ECOC '01), Amsterdam, October 2001, vol. 6, p. 42


10th European Conference on Integrated Optics 2001(ECIO '01), Paderborn, April 2001, with accompanyingtechnical exhibition


Conference Chair ECIO '01; Member of the pro-gramme, advisory- or steering committee, respectively,of the NLGW 2001, CPT 2001, CPT 2002


ROSA (Ultrafast All-Optical Signal Processing in Engi-neered Quadratic Nonlinear Waveguides) – supportedby EU

ATLAS (All-optical Terabit per second LAmbda ShiftedTransmission) – supported by EU

Research group “Integrierte Optik in Lithiumniobat:Neue Bauelemente, Schaltkreise und Anwendungen” –(Integrated Optics in Lithium Niobate: new devices,circuits and applications) supported by DFG


Low Bend Loss Waveguides and Low Drive VoltageSwitches – supported by LynxPhotonic Networks, Tel Aviv/Israel

Workgroups102

Workgroup Applied Physics/Integrated OpticsProf. Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Sohler



Publications

Anlauff, M.; Fischer, D.; Kutter, P.; Teich, J.; Weper, R.:Hierarchical Microprocessor Design Using XASM. InProc. EUROCAST 2001, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,Spain, pp. 271-274, February 19-23, 2001.

Bednara, M.; Beyer, O.; Teich, J.; Wanka, R.: HardwareSupported Sorting: Design and Tradeoff Analysis. InSystem Design Automation, R. Merker and W.Schwarz, editors, Kluwer Academic Publishers, pp. 97-107, 2001.

Bednara, M.; Hannig, F.; Teich, J.: Boundary Control: Anew Distributed Control Architecture for Space-TimeTranformed (VLSI) Processor Arrays. Proc. 35th IEEEAsilomar Conf. on Signals, Systems and Computers,Pacific Grove, California, USA, November, 2001.

Bednara, M.; Hannig, F.; Teich, J.: Generation of Dis-tributed Loop Control. In E. Deprettere, J. Teich, and S.Vassiliadis, editors, SAMOS - Systems, Architectures,Modeling, and Simulation, Lecture Notes in ComputerScience (LNCS), Vol. 2268, pp. 152-169, Springer, toappear, January 2002.

Bednara, M.; Teich, J.: Synthesis of FPGA Implementa-tions from Loop Algorithms. In Proc. of the First Inter-national Conference on Engineering of ReconfigurableSystems and Algorithms (ERSA´01), pp. 1-7, Las Vegas,Nevada, U.S.A., June 25-28, 2001.

Bhamba, N. K.; Bhattacharyya, S. S.; Teich, J.; Zitzler, E.:Hybrid Global/Local Search Strategies for DynamicVoltage Scaling in Embedded Multiprocessors. Proc.9th Int. Workshop on Hardware/Software Co-Design,Copenhagen, Denmark, pp. 243-248, April 25-27,2001.

Deprettere, E.; Teich, J.; Vassiliadis, S.; editors: SAMOS -Systems, Architectures, Modeling, and Simulation, Lec-ture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS), Vol. 2268,Springer, to appear, January 2002.

Fekete, S. P.; Köhler, E.; Teich, J.: Extending Partial Sub-orders. Electronic Notes in Discrete Mathematics, HajoBroersma, Ulrich Faigle, Johann Hurink and StefanPickl, editors, Elsevier Science Publishers, Vol. 8, 2001.

Fekete, S. P.; Köhler, E.; Teich, J.: Higher-DimensionalPacking with Order Constraints. Proc. 7th Workshopon Algorithms and Data Structures, Lecture Notes inComputer Science (LNCS), Vol. 2125, pp. 300-312,Springer, August, 2001.

Fekete, S.; Köhler, M.; Teich, J.: Optimal FPGA ModulePlacement with Temporal Precedence Constraints. InProc. DATE 2001, Design, Automation and Test inEurope, Computer Society Press, Munich, Germany, pp.658-665, March 13-16, 2001.

Fischer, D.; Kastens, U.; Teich, J.; Thies, M.; Weper, R.:Design Space Characterization for Architecture/Com-piler Co-Exploration. In ACM SIG Proceedings Interna-tional Conference on Compilers, Architectures andSynthesis for Embedded Systems (CASES 2001), pp.108-115, Georgia, Atlanta, USA, November, 2001.

Fischer, D.; Teich, J.; Weper, R.: Hardware/Software-Co-Simulation using Abstract State Machines. Presentedat Dagstuhl Seminar No. 02101 - Theory and Applica-tion of Abstract Machines, Schloss Dagstuhl, Germany,March, 2002.

Fischer, D.; Teich, J.; Weper, R.: Hierarchical Modelingand Simulation of Embedded Processors Using ASMs.International Workshop on Software and Compilersfor Embedded Systems, (SCOPES 2001), St. Goar, Ger-many, March 20-22, 2001.

Hannig, F.; Teich, J.: Design Space Exploration for Mas-sively Parallel Processor Arrays. In Proc. of the SixthInternational Conference on Parallel Computing Tech-nologies (PaCT-2001), Novosibirsk, Russia, September3-7, 2001. Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS),Vol. 2127, pp. 51-65, Springer-Verlag, 2001.

Haubelt, C.; Teich, J.; Richter, K.; Ernst, R.: Flexibility /Cost-Tradeoffs of Platform-Based Systems. In E.Deprettere, J. Teich, and S. Vassiliadis, editors, SAMOS -Systems, Architectures, Modeling, and Simulation, Lec-ture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS), Vol. 2268, pp.38-56, Springer, to appear, January 2002.

Haubelt, C.; Teich, J.; Richter, K.; Ernst, R.: Model-lierung Rekonfigurierbarer Systemarchitekturen. GI /ITG / GMM Workshop - Methoden und Beschrei-bungssprachen zur Modellierung und Verifikation vonSchaltungen und Systemen, Tuebingen, Germany, Feb-ruary 25-27, 2002.

Haubelt, C.; Teich, J.; Richter, K.; Ernst, R.: SystemDesign for Flexibility. In Proc. Design, Automation andTest in Europe (DATE´02), Paris, France, March, 2002.

Strehl, K.; Thiele, L.; Gries, M.; Ziegenbein, D.; Ernst, R.;Teich, J.: FunState - An Internal Design Representationfor Codesign. J. IEEE Transactions on Very Large ScaleIntegration (VLSI) Systems, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 524-544,August 2001.

Teich, J. and Köster, M.: (Self-) Reconfigurable FiniteState Machines. In Proc. Design, Automation and Testin Europe (DATE`02), Paris, France, March 2002.

Teich, J.: Exact Partitioning of Affine DependenceAlgorithms. Proc. SAMOS - Systems, Architectures,Modeling and Simulation Workshop, Island of Samos,Greece, July 13-16, 2001.

Teich, J.: Pareto-Front Exploration with UncertainObjectives. Proc. First International Conference onEvolutionary Multi-Criterion Optimization, Zurich,Switzerland, March 7-9, 2001. In Lecture Notes inComputer Science (LNCS), Vol. 1993, pp. 314-328,Springer, 2001.

Teich, J.: Symbiose von Hardware und Software. Hard-ware/Software Codesign, K. J. Buchenrieder, editor, ITPress, Bruchsal, pp. 79-107, July 2001. In Schriftenrei-he Informationsverarbeitung und Technische Infor-matik.

Teich, J.: Synthesis and Optimization of Digital Hard-ware/Software Systems. In System Design Automation,R. Merker and W. Schwarz, editors, Kluwer AcademicPublishers, pp. 3-26, 2001.

Workgroup Computer Engineering LaboratoryProf. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Teich


Workgroups/Additional Activities104

Publications

Wettler, M.: Free word associations and the frequencyof co-occurrence in language use. In: Sedlmeier, P. &Betsch, T. (Eds.). Frequency Processing and Cognition.Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press (in press).

Fairs

Computer.Gehirn – Exhibition. Development and exhi-bition of an exhibit “Associative text analysis ”; 25 Sep-tember 2001 - 1 March 2002; Heinz Nixdorf Museums-forum, Paderborn

Teich, J.; Fekete, S.; Schepers, J.: Optimization ofDynamic Hardware Reconfigurations. The J. of Super-computing, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Vol. 19, No. 1,pp. 57-75, May 2001.

Teich, J.; Thiele, L.: Exact Partitioning of Affine Depen-dence Algorithms. In E. Deprettere, J. Teich, and S. Vas-siliadis, editors, SAMOS - Systems, Architectures, Mod-eling, and Simulation, Lecture Notes in Computer Sci-ence (LNCS), Vol. 2268, pp. 133-151, Springer, toappear, January 2002.

Ziegenbein, D.; Richter, K.; Ernst, R.; Thiele, L.; Teich, J.:SPI - A System Model for Heterogeneously SpecifiedEmbedded Systems. J. IEEE Transactions on Very LargeScale Integration (VLSI) Systems, to appear 2002.


SAMOS – Systems, Architectures, Modeling and Simu-lation Workshop, Island of Samos, Greece, July 13-16,2001.


Design methodologies for embedded systems: Project SPI (DFG project embedded systems)

Design of special purpose processor architectures: Project BUILDABONG

Evolutionary Algorithms: Project EVOLIVO

Dedicated massive parallelism: Project PARO (SFB 376)


Daimler Chrysler: FPGA-technology in automotive sys-tems

Workgroup Cognitive PsychologyProf. Dr. phil. hist. Manfred Wettler


Location Map 105

Travelling by car

From the A33 motorway take the exitPaderborn-Elsen. Turn onto Bundes-straße (main road) B1 towards Bad Lipp-springe/Detmold. After approx. 1.5 kmleave Bundesstraße B1 at the exit Pader-born/Schloss-Neuhaus. Continue straightahead at the traffic lights (Heinz-Nixdorf-Ring, Dubelohstraße) onto the Heinz-Nix-dorf-Ring and turn left at the next set oflights (Heinz-Nixdorf-Ring, Fürstenallee)onto Fürstenallee. The Heinz Nixdorf Insti-tute is approx. 300 m along this street onthe right-hand side.

Travelling by air

From Paderborn/Lippstadt Airport take bus No. 400/460 towards Paderborn Hbf(main station). From the main station takebus No. 11 towards Thuner Siedlung andget off at the MuseumsForum stop (totaljourney time approx. 50 minutes).

Travelling by train

From Paderborn Hbf (main station) takebus No. 11 towards Thuner Siedlung andget off at the MuseumsForum stop (totaljourney time approx. 10 minutes).

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Heinz Nixdorf Institut: How to find us

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University ofPaderborn

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Heinz Nixdorf InstituteUniversity of Paderborn

Fürstenallee 1133102 Paderborn

wwwhni.uni-paderborn.de

Heinz Nixdorf Institute:

How to find us

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Heinz NixdorfMuseumsForum

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HEINZ NIXDORFINSTITUTE

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HEINZ NIXDORF INSTITUTEInterdisciplinary Research Center for Computer Science and TechnologyFürstenallee 11, 33102 PaderbornPhone: +49 5251 60 62 11 Fax: +49 5251 60 62 12wwwhni.uni-paderborn.de

Members of Executive Board

Professor Group:

Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Wilhelm Dangelmaier, FB 5Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Gausemeier, FB 10Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Georg Hartmann, FB 14Prof. Dr.-Ing. Reinhard Keil-Slawik, FB 17Prof. Dr.-Ing. Joachim Lückel, FB 10Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Burkhard Monien, FB 17Prof. Dr. math. Friedhelm Meyer auf der Heide, FB 17Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Franz Josef Rammig, FB 17Prof. Dr.-Ing. Ulrich Rückert, FB 14 (President)Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Wolfgang Sohler, FB 6Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jürgen Teich, FB 14Prof. Dr. phil. hist. Manfred Wettler, FB 2Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jörg Wallaschek, FB 10

Academic Staff:

Christof Krick, FB 17Christopher Odenbach, HNI-RB

Non-Academic Staff:

Sabine Illigen, FB 10

Student Group:

Christian Wunderlich

Members of Committee

Nominated by Stiftung Westfalen:

Wilhelm Ferlings, Mayor off Duty of PaderbornDr. Horst Nasko, Deputy Chairman and CEO of Board of SNI AG retd.Prof. Dr. Hartwig Steusloff, Head of Fraunhofer Institute Institute of Information and Data Processing Karlsruhe

Nominated by the University :

Prof. Dr. Dieter Haupt,Aachen University of Technology (RWTH Aachen)

Prof. Dr. Holm Tetens, Freie Universität Berlin

Prof. Dr. rer. pol. habil. Dr. hc. Wolfgang Weber, Rector of the University of Paderborn

Jointly nominated:

Prof. Dr. Otto K. Ferstl, Otto Friedrich University of BambergProf. Dr. Gunther Reinhart, Technical University of MunichProf. Dr. Klaus Waldschmidt, University of Frankfurt

Impressum:Impressum:

Publisher:Heinz Nixdorf Institute (HNI)University of Paderborn

Editors & Coordination:Dipl.-Wirt.-Ing. Volker BingerDipl.-Ing. Sebastian Wedmanemail: [email protected]

Contact:Kerstin HilleUrsula Lüttig


Graphic Design:A.DREIplus GmbHIntegrierte KommunikationsprozesseThesings Allee 2133332 Güterslohwww.a3plus.de

Period of Review: 01.01. until 31.12.2001

ISSN 1619-3679




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hni · annual report hni 2001 fürstenallee 11 33102 paderborn phone: +49 5251 60 62 11 fax: +49...

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