HO-27

Daniels Mill (Elysville, Gary, Alberton Mill)

Architectural Survey File

This is the architectural survey file for this MIHP record. The survey file is organized reverse-

chronological (that is, with the latest material on top). It contains all MIHP inventory forms, National

Register nomination forms, determinations of eligibility (DOE) forms, and accompanying documentation

such as photographs and maps.

Users should be aware that additional undigitized material about this property may be found in on-site

architectural reports, copies of HABS/HAER or other documentation, drawings, and the “vertical files” at

the MHT Library in Crownsville. The vertical files may include newspaper clippings, field notes, draft

versions of forms and architectural reports, photographs, maps, and drawings. Researchers who need a

thorough understanding of this property should plan to visit the MHT Library as part of their research

project; look at the MHT web site (mht.maryland.gov) for details about how to make an appointment.

All material is property of the Maryland Historical Trust.

Last Updated: 05-03-2004

Maryland Historical Trust Determination of Eligibility Form

Iperty Name: Daniels Mill (Elysville, Gary, Alberton Mill)

Address: Daniels Road

City: Woodstock Zip Code: 21163

Inventory Number: BA-29

Historic District:

County: Baltimore County

\HO-27 Yes

USGS Quadrangle(s):

Property Owner:

Tax Map Parcel Number(s):

Project: Daniels Dam Removal

Tax Account ID Number:

Tax Map Number:

Agency: USFWS

Agency Prepared By: Maryland Historical Trust

Preparer's Name: Jonathan Sager Date Prepared: 03/13/2013

Documentation Is Presented In:

Preparer's Eligibility Recommendation:

Criteria: A B C

No

Eligibility Recommended

Considerations: A D Considerations: A B _ C

Complete if the property is a contributing or non-contributing resource to a NR district/property:

Name of the District/Property:

Inventory Number:

Site Visit by MHT Staff: Yes No Name:

Eligibility Not Recommended

D E F G

Eligible: Yes Listed:

Date:

Yes

^Description of Property and Justification: (Please attach map and photo)

At the time it was placed on the National Register in 1973, Daniels Mill included seven early industrial buildings, a number of twentieth century industrial buildings, a post office, a company store, multiple churches, and a number of houses on the Howard County side of the river. The boundaries of the National Register-listed area were not precisely defined.

As of 2013, the only features of the town that were still visible were two churches, one of the later industrial buildings, ruins from a few of the older industrial buildings, the dam, a smokestack, piers and a few other context-less industrial features. The district has insufficient integrity to represent its past and is no longer eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places. The churches have not been evaluated as individual resources.

MARYLAND HISTORICAL TRUST REVIEW

Eligibility Recommended:

Criteria: A B C D

Eligibility Not Recommended:

Considerations: A

X B C D E F G

MHT Comments: " P l ^ T T \ c t W t S \<sv4" inVe^nJ^]

fievieweT) Office of Preservation

Viz/** weT) Office

Reviewer, National Register

Services

Program Date

Wednesday. March 13, 2013 Printed from MHT GIS/Library Database

1013O10S?

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Purrr. 10 300 ' J u l , 1969)

1. N A M E '

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U N H I D b l A l l ' M H I ' A H l v i N I o r THL INT 1 WOH NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

(Type nil entries — complete applicable sections)

s M i l l I k T O R l C :

i e l s M i l l , E l y s v i l l e M i l l , Gary M i l l , LOCATION

:. i A i i -

Mary land C O U N T Y -

Howard

FOR NPS US

F K T R V N U « 1 J E «

M b c r t o n M i l l

1 ONLY

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A

(Old S T R E E T A N D N U M B E R :

Alberton Road) Daniels Road C I T Y OR T O W N :

Daniels S T A T E

Maryland J3. C L A S S I F I C A T I O N

C O U N T Y - -

Howard 027

u • I D

C A T E G O R Y

(Check One)

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Publ ic A c q u i s i t i o n :

[ \ In Process

| | Be ing Considered

S T A T U S

3 Occup ied

j Unoc cupi ed

~^\ P r e s e r v a t i o n work

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A C C E S S I B L E

T O T H E P U B L I C

Yes:

• R e s t r i c t e d

| | Unres t r ic ted

X No

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4 . OWNER OF P R O P E R T Y

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CR. Daniels , Inc . S T R E E T AMD N ' J W B E R :

Alberton Road C I T Y OR T O W N :

Daniels Maryland 24 , 5 . L O C A T I O N OF L E G A L D E S C R I P T I O N

C O U R T H O U S E . R E G I S T R Y O F D E E D S . E T C

Howard County Courthouse S T R E E T AMD N U M B E R :

i Church S t r ee t

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!CI T Y OR TOWN:

E l i c o t t City

I * • R E P R E S E N T A T I O N I N E X I S T I N G S U R V E Y S 1 T I T L E o r S U R V E Y :

Maryland Regis te r of His to r i c S i tes and Landmarks i D A T E OF S U R V E Y : 1 9 6 8 I I F r d c r o l LX Slole | "| County i . l Loco!

1

• D E P O S I T O R Y F O R S U R V E Y R E C O R D S :

| Maryland H i s t o r i c a l Trust I S T R E E T A N D N U M B E R :

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2525 Riva Road I I IS :i T Y OR T OWN-

Annapolis

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HO-27 [T7~DESCRIPTION'

CONDITION n E x c e l l e n t |_) Good (X Fc

(Check One)

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( C i e r J i One) A

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D E S C R I B E THE. P R E S E N T A N D O R I G I N A L fJ( Known; P H Y S I C A L A P P E A R A N C E

The C.R. Daniels Mill is located in a sheltered, wooded valley of the upper Patapsco River. The complex consists of seven early industrial structures, several concrete block and brick structures of recent date (20th Century), and a church on the side of the hill. An extensive complex of mill-hand houses, formerly numbering around ninety units, and a Catholic church were demolished in 1968. Many of the former houses were located in Baltimore County, but the only remaining structures are located in Howard County.

At least three of the buildings at Daniels have religious overtones, echoing the prevalent nineteenth century Christian ethic of the virtuousity of work. The complex appears to have developed on three sides of a courtyard with the south side open and facing the railroad. The main building is on the west side of the courtyard. Most of the courtyard has been engulfed by a low concrete block building.

The main structure is a three story granite building with the facade resem­bling a simple church with Gothic and Romanesque elements. In place of a spire atop the central tower, there is an octagonal domed federal bell cote on platform, resembling an English garden pavillion. Flanking the central tower entrance are one-story crenelated additions, both with semicircular headed openings repeating the design of the central entrance. Above the entrance is a two-story arched window and a rose window. There are rusti­cated granite quoins on the corners of the tower and around the windows of the facade. Tne "A" roof of the body of the mill is broken on both sides of the ridge by a range of clerestory windows. The windows along the sides of the structure have been filled in, and part of the building is obscurred by a low concrete block building.

The central building of the complex is constructed of brick in the Romanesque style. Its gable faces what used to be the courtyard and is three full storys tall and three bays wide. The bays are divided by pilasters extend­ing from the ground to the pediment. The pairs of windows have protruding semicircular arches.

Although the facade of the structure on the east of the courtyard is hidden behind a concrete block structure, it is built of granite in the late Vic­torian style. Its tower was formerly open beneath the truncated spire. The body of the church is covered with a hipped roof and the rafter-ends are exposed. Plain rectangular windows are enhanced by the use of decorative sash.

Two other buildings in the courtyard are both three storys tall, one of gran , ite, the other of rubble stone. The former has two towers projecting above the roof, one with a pyramidal roof, the other flat.

On the far west of the complex is a long two-story granite warehouse, and on the far east is a one-story brick Post Office. The latter was originally a two-story company store building.

. see continuation sheet-

Form 10-3000 (July 1969)

UNITED STATES PL1" /-- 7 '•'' •• Dl < iM INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK ! EfcVlCE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTO R IC PL ACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

(Continuation Sheet)

yland U Q ' ^ C OUN T Y

Howard FOR NPS USE ONLY

E N T R Y N U M B E R D U E

(Number all erii:i^m)

7. DESCRIPTION, continued

South of the mill buildings on the north slope of a hill stands Gary Memorial Church, a granite church built in the High Victorian Gothic style. It is a four bay long structure with an off-center tower entrance on the west gable. Variation of color is achieved by the use of bricks at water table and sill height. .The keystones of the brick arches are granite. Beneath the over­hanging eave with its exposed and decorative rafter-ends is a course of brick corbels. Pilaster strips place emphasis on the otherwise plain windows. Both) the south entrance and the north tower entrance are covered with a bracketed hood with pierced fretwork. The same delicate fret is used in the lancet opening of the tower. The upper stage of the tower is corbeled out and from it rises a steeply pitched pyramidal spire. Four dormer-like windows light the lower part of the spire.

South of the church is a small cemetery. Nest of the church and connected thereto is a one-story brick rectory or hall.

1 of 5 continuation sheets

[S. SIGNIFICANCE "" l lD'3^~? P C P I O D ( C h e c k One or More ttn Appropritrie) r

• P r e - C o l u m b i o n ' Q 1 6 l h C e n t u r y Q 1 8 l h C e n t u r y [ " 1 ? 0 t h C e n t u r y

• 1 5 t h C e n t u r y Q 1 7 t h C e n t u r y [^] 1 9 t h C e n t u r y

S P E C I F I C D A T E l s ) (II Applicable and Known)

A R E A S o r S I G N I F I C A N C E (Check One or M o r e as Appropriate)

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• P ' e h i H o r i c Q E n g i n e e r i n g Q R e l i g i o n / P h i . D 0 , h c ' (Specify)

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Q A r c h i t e c t u r e Q L a n d s c o p e [ ^ ) S c o l p l u l .

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i t o r i o n

S T A T E M E N T O F S I G N I F I C A N C E

The Daniels Mill is an important nineteenth century textile mill that con­tinues to produce cotton a century after its construction. The mill is located on the Patapsco River which, with the Jones Falls, comprised the chief location of mill activity in the Baltimore area.

In the nineteenth century an industrial village existed on the site, inclu­ding stores, a railroad station, a school, and several mill workers houses. The large majority of these supportive structures have been demolished in the 1960's leaving only the mill to interpret the importance of the site in the industrial history of Maryland.

In 1829 Thomas Ely and four other men incorporated the Elysville Manufact­uring Company empowered to manufacture cotton textiles. Under Ely's direct­ion the company acquired almost 200 acres along the Patapsco at a'crossing of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad tracks. Between August 1845 and the Spring of 1846 the company erected the mill.

During the fall of 1845 Thomas Ely and his brothers were negotiating with Baltimore textile merchants to obtain additional financial backing. One of the brothers, Colonel Hugh Ely, was a state senator and did the "log rolling in the assembly for a bill which created the Okisko Company which provided the Elys with an additional $25,000.00 capital.

For a brief period in 1847 and 1S48 the mill produced cotton goods before an injuction halted operations. The mill remained idle while the Okisko Company and the Elysville Company contested the ownership of the properd­in the courts.

The bankrupt Okisko Company won the suit and conveyed the property to the Alberton Manufacturing Company incorporated in 1853 and most probably named for Jacob Albert who had loaned money to the Okisko Company taking title to their property as security. The mill village took its name from the company and was called Alberton at least through the 1870's.

At the end of the 1850's another newly incorporated organization, the Sago-nan Manufacturing Company, took over the assets of the-Alberton Company. The directors included a director from the Alberton Company and James S.Gary who in the 1860's bought the property and created still another firm which operated the mill until the 1940's when the C.R. Daniels Company took con­trol.2

- see continuation sheet-

9. MAJOR BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES

Recorders : Nancy M i l l e r , Michae l 0 . Bourne, Orlando Ridout Maryland H i s t o r i c a l T r u s t , 2525 Riva Road, A n n a p o l i s , Maryland

- s e e c o n t i n u a t i o n s h e e t -

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L A T I T U D E AND L O N t i l T U C E C O O R D I N A T E S D E F I N I N G A R E C T A N G L E L O C A T I N G T H C P R O P E R T Y

C O N N E R

NW

NE SE sw

L A T 1 T U D E

Deg.e e s Minutes Seconds

59 o 19. 09. 39 o 19. 09-•39 o 18. 54. 39 o 18. 54-

L O N Gl T U D E

Decrees M inu tes Seconds

76 0 4 9 . 0 4 . 76 o 4 8 . 2 9 . 76 c 4 8 . 2 9 . 76 o 4 9 . 04-

L A T I T U D E A N D L O N G I T U D E C O O R D I N A T E S D E F I N I N G T H E C E N T E R P O I N T O F A P R O P E R T Y

O F LESS T H A N T F N A C R E S

L A T I T U D E

Degrees Minules Seconds O

L O N Gl T U D C

D e c r e e s Minutes Seconds

> . • ,-

A ^ P R O X I M A T E A C R E A G E O F N O M I N A T E D P R O P E R T Y : 1 0 5 fiCTeS

L IST A L L S T A T E S A N D C O U N T I E S FOR P R O P E R T I E S O V E R L A P P I N G S T A T E OR C O U N T Y B O U N D A R I E S

fTT

C O U N T Y

C C U N T Y -

C OUN TY:

C O U N T Y :

i ) . FORM PREPARED BY N AME AND T I T L E :

Arthur Townsend - A s s o c i a t e D i r e c t o r fo r F i e l d Serjo.ces anc O R G A N t Z A T l ON

Maryland Historical Trust

.st_a££_

July 3., 1972 STREET AND NUMBER:

2525 Riva Road CITTY C R T OWN:

Annapol is

S T A T E

Mary]and JLL. 12. STATE LlAiSON OFFICER CERTIF1CA l ION

As the de s igna t ed S ta te L i a i s o n Officer for the Na­

t ional His tor ic P r e s e r v a t i o n Act of J 066 ( P u b l i c Law

S9-o65). 1 hereby nominate t h i s proper ty for i n c l u s i o n

in the Nat iona l Reg is te r and certify that it h a s b e e n

eva lua t ed according to the cr i te r ia and p r o c e d u r e s set

forth by the Nat iona l Pa rk Se rv ice . The recommended

level of s ign i f i cance of th is nominat ion is :

Natioiml Slate X l.o.-.il

T i t l e

Orlando Ridout IV

S t a t e L i a i s o n O f f i c e r f o r Maryland

•Date J u l y 10, 1972

NATIONAL REGISTER VERIFICATION

I hereby certify that this proper ty is included in the

National Reg i s te r . . • '* •

Chief, Oliicc ot Archeology and Historic Preservation

IV a t t

ATTEST:

Keeper ol The National Register

Date

Form 10-300o UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (July 1969) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTOR IC PL ACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

(Continuation Sheet)

HO -27 S T » 7 E

Marvland -C OUN TV

, 1

Howard FOR NPS USE ONLY

EN T R Y N U M B E R DA T E

f.Vu=nfcer ell mntr/mm)

8 SIGNIFICANCE, con t inued

Footno tes 1 The E l y s v i l l e - Okisko Company s u i t and i t s background a r e

tho rough ly documented in Chancery Papers £7664 a t the Hall of Reco rds .

"In 1860 t h e m i l l was t h e on ly t e x t i l e p roduc ing o p e r a t i o n in Howard County. I t employed 50 men and 120 women to o p e r a t e i t s 120 looms and 3,000 s p i n d l e s . The m i l l made o z n a b r u g , t w i l l and y a r n . See Eighth Census , 1860, Manufac tu res , M a r y l a n d . [ o r i g i n a l ] , Maryland S t a t e L i b r a r y , A n n a p o l i s , Maryland. In 1895 i t had 340 looms and 14,000 s p i n d l e s . See T e x t i l e World, ( Ju ly 1895) , 105.

9 . BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES, c o n t i n u e d

PRIMARY SOURCES

Maryland S t a t e L i b r a r y , A n n a p o l i s , Maryland

Compendium of t h e S i x t h Census . Washington: Dept. o f S t a t e , 1841.

Eighth Census. I860 . M a n u f a c t u r e s . Maryland. [ o r i g i n a l ] .

Hal l of Records , A n n a p o l i s , Maryland

Laws of Maryland.

Seventh Census . 1850. Manufac tu r e s . Maryland. [ o r i g i n a l ] .

Anne Arundel County Land Records .

A t l a s of F i f t e e n Mi les Around B a l t i m o r e I n c l u d i n g Howard County, Maryland. P h i l a d e l p h i a : G.M. Hopkins , 1878.

Chancery Papers £7664.

Howard County C h a t t e l Records .

Howard County Land Records .

Mar t ene t , Simon J . " M a r t e n e t ' s Map of Howard County, Maryland". B a l t i m o r e : John S c h o f i e l d , 1860. —

see c o n t i n u a t i o n shee t -

2 cf 3 continuation sheets

Term 10-300o (July 1969)

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OP THE INTERIOR N A T I O N A L PARK SERVICE

NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTOR IC P LACES

INVENTORY - NOMINATION FORM

(Continuation Sheet)

S T A T E

Maryland M^LL C O U N T Y

Howard FOR NPS USE ONLY

E N T R Y N U ' J B E R

(SLcr.ber all tntrlem)

9. BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES, continued

SECONDARY SOURCES

Biographical Cyclopedia of Representative Men of Maryland and the District of Columbia? Baltimore: National Biographical Publishing Company,1879

Genealogy and Biography of the Leading Families of Baltimore. n.p.: Chapman Publishing Company, 1897

3 of 5 continuation sheets

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