holt mcdougal algebra 1 5-1 solving systems by graphing warm up evaluate each expression for x = 1...

Holt McDougal Algebra 1

5-1 Solving Systems by Graphing

Warm UpEvaluate each expression for x = 1 and y =–3.

1. x – 4y 2. –2x + y

Write each expression in slope-

intercept form.

3. y – x = 1

4. 2x + 3y = 6

5. 0 = 5y + 5x

13 –5

y = x + 1

y = x + 2

y = –x



Identify solutions of linear equations in two variables. Solve systems of linear equation in two variables by graphing.

Objectives



A system of linear equations is a set of two or more linear equations containing two or more variables. A solution of a system of linear equations with two variables is an ordered pair that satisfies each equation in the system.

So, if an ordered pair is a solution, it will make both equations true.



Tell whether the ordered pair is a solution of the given system.

Example 1A: Identifying Solutions of Systems

(5, 2);

The ordered pair (5, 2) makes both equations true.(5, 2) is the solution of the system.

Substitute 5 for x and 2 for y in each equation in the system.

3x – y = 13

2 – 2 00 0

0 3(5) – 2 13

15 – 2 13

13 13

3x – y =13



If an ordered pair does not satisfy the first equation in the system, there is no reason to check the other equations.

Helpful Hint



Example 1B: Identifying Solutions of Systems

Tell whether the ordered pair is a solution of the given system.

(–2, 2);x + 3y = 4–x + y = 2

–2 + 3(2) 4

x + 3y = 4

–2 + 6 44 4

–x + y = 2

–(–2) + 2 24 2

Substitute –2 for x and 2 for y in each equation in the system.

The ordered pair (–2, 2) makes one equation true but not the other.

(–2, 2) is not a solution of the system.



All solutions of a linear equation are on its graph. To find a solution of a system of linear equations, you need a point that each line has in common. In other words, you need their point of intersection.

y = 2x – 1

y = –x + 5

The point (2, 3) is where the two lines intersect and is a solution of both equations, so (2, 3) is the solution of the systems.



Sometimes it is difficult to tell exactly where the lines cross when you solve by graphing. It is good to confirm your answer by substituting it into both equations.

Helpful Hint



Solve the system by graphing. Check your answer.Example 2A: Solving a System by Graphing

y = xy = –2x – 3 Graph the system.

The solution appears to be at (–1, –1).

The solution is (–1, –1).

CheckSubstitute (–1, –1) into the system.

y = x

y = –2x – 3

• (–1, –1)

y = x

(–1) (–1)

–1 –1

y = –2x – 3

(–1) –2(–1) –3

–1 2 – 3–1 – 1



Solve the system by graphing. Check your answer.Check It Out! Example 2a

y = –2x – 1 y = x + 5 Graph the system.

The solution appears to be (–2, 3).

Check Substitute (–2, 3) into the system.

y = x + 5

3 –2 + 5

3 3

y = –2x – 1

3 –2(–2) – 1

3 4 – 1

3 3The solution is (–2, 3).

y = x + 5

y = –2x – 1



Solve the system by graphing. Check your answer.Example 2B: Solving a System by Graphing

y = x – 6

Rewrite the second equation in slope-intercept form.

y + x = –1Graph using a calculator and then use the intercept command.

y = x – 6

y + x = –1

− x − x

y =



Solve the system by graphing. Check your answer.Example 2B Continued

Check Substitute into the system.

y = x – 6

The solution is .

+ – 1

–1

–1

–1 – 1

y = x – 6

– 6



Solve the system by graphing. Check your answer.Check It Out! Example 2b

2x + y = 4

Rewrite the second equation in slope-intercept form.

2x + y = 4–2x – 2x

y = –2x + 4

Graph using a calculator and then use the intercept command.

2x + y = 4



Solve the system by graphing. Check your answer.Check It Out! Example 2b Continued

2x + y = 4

The solution is (3, –2).

Check Substitute (3, –2) into the system.

2x + y = 42(3) + (–2) 4

6 – 2 44 4

2x + y = 4

–2 (3) – 3

–2 1 – 3

–2 –2



Example 3: Problem-Solving Application

Wren and Jenni are reading the same book. Wren is on page 14 and reads 2 pages every night. Jenni is on page 6 and reads 3 pages every night. After how many nights will they have read the same number of pages? How many pages will that be?



Example 3 Continued

(8, 30)

Nights

Graph y = 2x + 14 and y = 3x + 6. The lines appear to intersect at (8, 30). So, the number of pages read will be the same at 8 nights with a total of 30 pages.



Check (8, 30) using both equations.

Number of days for Wren to read 30 pages.

Number of days for Jenni to read 30 pages.

3(8) + 6 = 24 + 6 = 30

2(8) + 14 = 16 + 14 = 30

Example 3 Continued



Check It Out! Example 3

Video club A charges $10 for membership and $3 per movie rental. Video club B charges $15 for membership and $2 per movie rental. For how many movie rentals will the cost be the same at both video clubs? What is that cost?



Check It Out! Example 3 Continued

The answer will be the number of movies rented for which the cost will be the same at both clubs.



Write a system of equations, one equation to represent the cost of Club A and one for Club B. Let x be the number of movies rented and y the total cost.




Look Back44

Check (5, 25) using both equations.

Number of movie rentals for Club A to reach $25:

Number of movie rentals for Club B to reach $25:

2(5) + 15 = 10 + 15 = 25

3(5) + 10 = 15 + 10 = 25


holt mcdougal algebra 1 5-1 solving systems by graphing warm up evaluate each expression for x = 1...

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