iZulebiT gadaadgilebulni saqarTveloSicxovrebiseuli istoriebi afxazeTidan da samxreT oseTidan

mZime tvirTi

meri qumsiaSvili, rusuli gamocemis redaqtori

TinaTin CxeiZe, qarTuli gamocemis redaqtori

panos londoni, olivia beneti panos londoni, vendi deivisi iZulebiT gadaadgilebis monitoringis centri (IDMC)biata svarska iZulebiT gadaadgilebis monitoringis centri (IDMC)

edmund jeningsi, inglisuri gamocemis redaqtori

maia darCia, Targmani qarTulidan inglisurad

mari manveliSvili, Targmani rusulidan inglisurad

irakli xuciSvili, dizaini

gamomcemloba `siesta”

fotomasala:

fotoebze ar arian gamosaxulni istoriebis namdvili mTxrobelebi

foto ydaze

heidi bradneri, panosi

qarTvel partizanebsa da afxazur formirebebs Soris Setakebebis Sedegad sakuTa-

ri saxlidan gamoqceul qarTvel qals, enguris sacalfexo xidis gavliT, tvirTi

gadaaqvs qarTul-afxazur administraciul sazRvarze.

foto ukana ydaze da gverdebze: 18 (marjvniv qveviT), 90, 91, 110, 111:

iola monakovi, panosi

fotoebi gverdebze: 17 (marjvniv qveviT), 19 (marjvniv qveviT), 56, 57:

heidi bradneri, panosi

fotoebi gverdebze: 19 (marcxniv zeviT), 20 (marcxniv zeviT), 68, 82, 83:

oleg klimovi, panosi

fotoebi gverdebze: 16, 20 (marcxniv qveviT), 40, 41, 50, 51, 78, 79, 96, 97:

julia komisarovi, proeqti `ltolvilebi kavkasiaSi”

fotoebi gverdebze: 18 (marcxniv qveviT), 19 (marcxniv qveviT), 30, 31:

ingvil marSteini

foto gverdebze: 17 (marcxniv zeviT), 22, 23:

daro sulakauri

foto gverdebze: 17 (marcxniv qveviT),18 (marcxniv zeviT), 69:

manana gabaSvili

foto gverdze: 17 (marjvniv zeviT):

Tamar TavarTqilaZe

foto gverdze: 20 (marjvniv zeviT):

keren gitisi

fotoebi gverdebze: 18 (marjvniv zeviT), 19 (marjvniv zeviT), 20 (marjvniv qveviT),

102, 103, 116, 117:

norvegiis ltovilTa sabWos arqividan

teqstis nawilobrivi an sruli gamoyeneba nebadarTulia mxolod im SemTxvevaSi,

Tu miTiTebuli iqneba wyaro.

gavrceldeba usasyidlod.

madlobas vuxdiT

yvelas, vinc Tavisi wvlili Seitana am wignis SeqmnaSi. yvelas, vinc monawileobda cxovrebi-seuli istoriebis SegrovebaSi. gansakuTrebuli madloba - devnilebs, romlebmac guli gada-gviSales da TavianTi istoriebi gviambes. wignis gamocema da mTlianad proeqtis (`iZulebiT gada adgilebulTa xmebi~ ix. www.idpvoices.org) gan xorcieleba SesaZlebeli gaxda mxolod am adamianebis wyalobiT.

Cven, aseve, madlobas vuxdiT proeqtSi monawile arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, maT didi daxma-reba gagviwies, rogorc adamianuri resursebiT, ise TavianTi kontaqtebiT.

da bolos, gansakuTrebul madlobas vuxdiT adamianebs, romlebic TavdadebiT zruna-ven iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirebze sa qa-rTvelo Si: devnilebze afxazeTidan da samxreTi oseTidan, eseni arian:

adgilobrivi arasamTavrobo organiza-•ciebi: `aTinaTi”, devnil qalTa asociacia `Tanxmoba”, devnil pedagogTa kavSiri `lam-pari”.q-ni margaret viki•q-ni manana gabaSvili•q-ni Sobxan voringtoni •q-ni keren gitesi•q-ni greta zenderi•b-ni matias simigi•norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWos saqarTvelos •ofisis TanamSromlebi

gansakuTrebul madlobas vuxdiT donor orga-nizaciebs, romelTa mxardaWeriTac gamoicema es wigni: statoil/hidros (norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWosa da iZulebiTi gadaadgilebis monitor-ingis centris meSveobiT); avstraliis saerTa-Soriso ganviTarebis saagentos; kanadis sagareo urTierTobebisa da saerTaSoriso vaWrobis departaments; daniis, luqsemburgis, nider-landebis, norvegiis, samxreT afrikisa da Svei-cariis sagareo saqmeTa saministroebs; SvedeTis ganviTarebis saagentos; daniis ltolvilTa sab-Wos; britaneTis sagareo saqmeTa saministrosa da gaerTianebuli erebis ltolvilTa umaRles komisariats.

ISBN: 978-9941-9021-1-6

ana-sofi luisi iZulebiT gadaadgilebis monitoringis centri (IDMC)proeqtis `iZulebiT gadaadgilebulTa xmebi” direqtori

Tamar TavarTqilaZenorvegiis ltolvilTa sabWo (NRC) saqarTvelos ofisi, proeqtis koordinatori

5

S i n a a r s i

prologi .........................................................................................7

interviuerebis gundi .............................................................10

istoriebis SerCeva da redaqtireba ....................................14

cxovrebiseuli istoriebi

devnilobaSi myofi adamianebis istoriebi

Tea ...........................................................................................................................23

piteri ...................................................................................................................31

engurdaleuli...............................................................................................41

inga ..........................................................................................................................51

Temuri ..................................................................................................................57

mzia .........................................................................................................................69

aleqsandre .......................................................................................................79

roza .......................................................................................................................83

eliso ....................................................................................................................91

konfliqtis zonebSi mcxovrebi adamianebis istoriebi

zurabi .................................................................................................................97

Tamari ................................................................................................................103

ekaterina .........................................................................................................111

zuriko ..............................................................................................................117

leqsikoni ..................................................................................122

6

saqarTvelo

a W a r a

k a x e T i

m c x e T a -m T i a n e T i

q v e m o q a r T l i

s a m c x e -j a v a x e T i

i m e r e T i

g u r i a

s a m e g r e l o

z e m o s v a n e T i

r a W a - l e C x u m i

S i d a q a r T l i

afxazeTi

gagra

gudauTa

soxumi

oCamCire

gali

tyvarCeli

mestia

lentexi

ambrolauri

zestafoni

xaSuri

samtredia

quTaisi

ozurgeTi

senaki

zugdidi

foTi

baTumi

kurta

cxinvali

duSeTi

goriborjomi mcxeTa

axalcixe

axmeta

Telavi

Tbilisi

vale

T u r q e T i sasomxeTi azerbaijani

marneuli

bolnisirusTavi

mleTa fasanauri

gurjaani

dedoflis cyaro

S a v iz R v a

r u s e T i

saqarTvelo

a W a r a

k a x e T i

m c x e T a -m T i a n e T i

q v e m o q a r T l i

s a m c x e -j a v a x e T i

i m e r e T i

g u r i a

s a m e g r e l o

z e m o s v a n e T i

r a W a - l e C x u m i

S i d a q a r T l i

afxazeTi

gagra

gudauTa

soxumi

oCamCire

gali

tyvarCeli

mestia

lentexi

ambrolauri

zestafoni

xaSuri

samtredia

quTaisi

ozurgeTi

senaki

zugdidi

foTi

baTumi

kurta

cxinvali

duSeTi

goriborjomi mcxeTa

axalcixe

axmeta

Telavi

Tbilisi

vale

T u r q e T i sasomxeTi azerbaijani

marneuli

bolnisirusTavi

mleTa fasanauri

gurjaani

dedoflis cyaro

S a v iz R v a

r u s e T i

7

prologi

Tu mogismeniaT odesme devnilisaTvis? Tu warmogidgeniaT iZulebiT gadaadgilebis mTeli simZime? Tu dafiqrebulxarT odesme, ras ganicdis adamiani, romelmac konfliq-tis Sedegad dakarga ojaxis wevrebi mTeli Tavis qoneba, moswyda mSobliur keras? am wignis mizania, gaCvenoT gaWianurebuli devnilobis realoba pirovnuli gadasaxe-didan. afxazeTidan da samxreT oseTidan devnili cameti adamianis naambobi gvixatavs konfliqtisa da iZulebiTi gadaadgilebis realur suraTs. am camet xmas Seswevs Zala gaarRvios zRudeebi - rogorc politikuri programebiT ganpirobebuli, ise adamiane-bis mier aRmarTuli da erTmaneTis mimarT antipatiiT gamagrebuli.

es wigni ar Seexeba politikas, is gacnobs adamianebs da maTs Tavgadasavals, gancdebsa da grZnobebs. am adamianebis naambobidan sCans, Tu ra axarebT maT, ra awuxebT da ra aris maTTvis gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovani. istoriebis Cawerisas, mTxrobelebs Sesa-Zlebloba eZleodaT, Tavad ganesazRvraT Txrobis mimarTuleba da am dros sruliad moulodneli faqtebi amotivtivdeboda xolme da Zalian saintereso ideebi Cnde-boda. devnilTa istoriebi gvi xataven kon-fliqtisa da iZulebiT gadaad gilebis realur suraTs, romelic xSirad ikargeba oficialuri dokumentebis zogadi fraze-bis miRma. mTxrobelebi aRweren imas, rac moxda da mdidar, faqtobriv da analiti-kur masalas gvawvdian. da mainc, cxovrebi-seuli istoriebis xibli maTSi gadmocemul emociebSi, SegrZnebebSi, gancdebSi, xmebSi, imedebsa da ocnebebSia.

wignis SeqmnaSi monawileobdnen iZulebiT gadaadgilebis monitoringis centri (IDMC), norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWos saqarTvelos ofisi (NRC) da panos londonis zepiri isto-riebis programa. es wigni erT-erTi Semad-geneli nawilia ufro didi iniciativisa, romlis mizans mTeli msoflios masStabiT devnilTa xmebis mosmena warmoadgens. isto-riebis mosmena da wakiTxva SesaZlebelia veb-gverdze: www.idpvoices.org.

istoriebs iwerda 12 interviueri, romelic SeirCa sazogadoebis im nawilidan, romel-sac konfliqti da devniloba Seexo. samsa-xureobrivi Tu piradi gamocdilebidan, maT kargad ician, ras niSnavs es. Pproeqtma maT saSualeba misca, ganeviTarebinaT zepiri intervius Caweris unari, SeegrovebinaT istoriebi da TavianTi wvlili SeetanaT am wignis SeqmnaSi.

sul Segrovda 59 interviu, romelTagan 29 ganTavsda veb-gverdze, 13 — ki am wign-isTvis SeirCa. interviureebma special-uri momzadeba gaiares zepiri istoriebis CaweraSi, maT iswavles empatiuri mosmena da Ria intervius warmarTva. aseve, gaiares fsiqologiuri zemoqmedebis marTvis tre-ningi. interviuerebma aqtiuri monawileoba miiRes Temebis identificirebaSi, eTikuri normebisa da usafrTxoebis saxelmZRvane-los SemuSavebaSi. ori mimoxilviTi Sex-vedris dros maT SesaZlebloba miecaT, gaeziarebinaT erTmaneTisaTvis miRebuli gamocdileba, SeTanxmebuliyvnen mTel rig sakiTxebze, daewyoT istoriebis analizi da sxva.

proeqtis farglebSi CaviwereT im adamiane-

saqarTvelo

a W a r a

k a x e T i

m c x e T a -m T i a n e T i

q v e m o q a r T l i

s a m c x e -j a v a x e T i

i m e r e T i

g u r i a

s a m e g r e l o

z e m o s v a n e T i

r a W a - l e C x u m i

S i d a q a r T l i

afxazeTi

gagra

gudauTa

soxumi

oCamCire

gali

tyvarCeli

mestia

lentexi

ambrolauri

zestafoni

xaSuri

samtredia

quTaisi

ozurgeTi

senaki

zugdidi

foTi

baTumi

kurta

cxinvali

duSeTi

goriborjomi mcxeTa

axalcixe

axmeta

Telavi

Tbilisi

vale

T u r q e T i sasomxeTi azerbaijani

marneuli

bolnisirusTavi

mleTa fasanauri

gurjaani

dedoflis cyaro

S a v iz R v a

r u s e T i

8

bis naambobi, romelTac Cveulebriv aravin usmens. es Canawerebi sityva-sityviT gaiSi-fra da waredgina mkiTxvelTa komitets (ix. istoriebis SerCeva da redaqtireba).

Cveni gamocdileba uCvenebs, rom msgavs proeqtebSi monawileoba aZlierebs adami-anebs da cvlis maT. istoriebis Cawera gan-sakuTrebul gamocdilebad SeiZleba iqces rogorc mTxrobelisaTvis, ise maTTvis, vinc intervius iRebs. maTTvis, visTvisac arasdros mousmeniaT, Zalian mniSvnelovani iyo istoriis gadmocema ise, rogorc Tavad surdaT da mosazrebebis gaziareba adami-anisaTvis, romelsac aseve sakuTar Tavze hqonda gamocdili devnilobis mTeli sim-Zime.

istoriebis es nakrebi avlens iseT prob-lemebs, romlebic scildeba gadaadgileb-isa da mzrunvelobis gawevis aucileblobis Cveulebriv farglebs da dakavSirebulia faseulobebebTan, identifikaciis proble-masTan, grZnobebTan da emociebTan.

mTxrobelTa umravlesoba aRniSnavda, rom Tavisi gancdebisa da gamocdilebis Sesaxeb saubarma maT Sveba mohgvara. zogi maTgani ambobda, rom es maTTvis pativi iyo. Tumca ramdenimem aRiara, rom gauWirdaT tkivi-lis momgvreli ambebis gaxseneba da maTze saubari. zogierTma mTxrobelma aRniSna, rom SiSisa Tu undoblobis gamo sxvebTan bevrs ar saubroben gadatanilis Sesaxeb da, amdenad, es SesaZlebloba maTTvis Zalian mniSvnelovani iyo. erTma interviuerma aRniSna: `me maTi tkivili mesmis, imitom rom Tavadac iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli piri var”. Seiqmna ndobis atmosfero da situacia, sadac adamianebs SesaZlebloba eZleodaT, esaubraT gadatanilze ise, rom ar hqonodaT safrTxis SegrZneba an diskriminaciis SiSi.

usafrTxoeba jer kidev rCeba serio-zuli SeSfoTebis sagnad. amis gamo, bevrma

mTxrobelma ar gaamxila Tavisi vinaoba da fsevdonimis AaReba amjobina. zogierTma interviuermac gadawyvita fsevdonimiT warmdgariyo mkiTxvelTa winaSe, radgan am proeqtSi monawileobas SesaZloa safrTxe Seeqmna maTi sicocxlisaTvis. orma maTganma ki gvTxova, saerTod ar gvexsenebina- fsev-donimiTac ki.

wignis saxelwodeba ”mZime tvirTi” asaxavs omisa da devnilobis realobas. es naTlad Cans istoriebSic. wlebi gavida, magram mTxrobelebi kvlavindeburad saWiroeben imas, rom gauziaron msoflios TavianTi gancdebi axloblebis dakargvis gamo, Seum-subuqebuli dardi, rom Sesaferisad ver daicves dakrZalvis tradiciuli ceremoni-ali. rogor unda gadaitano axlobeli ada-mianis dakargviT gamowveuli tkivili, Tu ar gaqvs SesaZlebloba miabaro is mSobliur miwas, winaprebis gverdiT, ise, rogorc amas tradicia moiTxovs? am problemas saTanado yuradReba unda mieqces, raTa ada-mianebma SesZlon gamoitiron gardacvli-lebi da gaagrZelon cxovreba. Tu iZulebiT gada adgilebas saTanado yuradRebas ar mivaqcevT da problemebs ar movuvliT, aman SesaZloa destabilizacia gamoiwvios da safrTxe Seuqmnas samSvidobo RonisZie-bebs. Tumca, am istoriebSi mxolod dards rodi vxedavT. aq vxvdebiT Zlier qalebsa da mamakacebs, romelTac miagnes winsvlis sakuTar gzas.

am proeqtSi iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa monawileobas gadamwyveti mniSvneloba aqvs. rogorc erTma mTxrobelma aRniSna meore mxaresTan mimarTebaSi: `Cven-Cveni trage-diebis Sesaxeb mas Semdeg daviwyeT saubari, rac Zalian kargad gavicaniT erTmaneTi, erTmaneTi SeviyvareT. dro dagvWirda ndobis aRsadgenad. roca davrwmundiT, rom erTmaneTis tkivils gavigebT, roca es momenti dadga – Cven davsxediT da

9

gulwrfelad davilaparakeT – agresiisa da braldebebis gareSe.~ (Tea). dialo-gisaTvis saWiro garemos Seqmnas udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs Aam adamianebis Wrilobe-bis mosaSuSeblad. aucilebelia maTi mZime gamocdilebis da wuxilis gaziareba, maTT-vis saWirboroto sakiTxebisaTvis jerovani yuradRebis daTmoba rogorc adgilobrivi aseve saerTaSoriso sazogadoebriobis mxridan. es saWiroa am adamianebisaTvisac da imisTvisac, rom yvela saSualeba gamovi-yenoT mSvidobis gansamtkiceblad.

imedi gvaqvs, rom es wigni ipovis Tavis mkiTx-vels da mas waikiTxaven samoqalaqo sazoga-doebisa da samTavrobo uwyebebis warmo-madgenlebi, gaerosa da sxva saerTaSoriso organizaciebis TanamSromlebi, mkvlevarebi da studentebi, da, rac mTavaria, devnilebi. imedi gvaqvs, rom es wigni dagvexmareba gav-igoT da gaviziaroT 245,000-ze meti adami-anis mTavari sawuxari saqarTveloSi.

da vin icis, kidev ramdeni ramis gadatana mouwevT maT manam, sanam xelisufleba da saerTaSoriso organizaciebi – isini, vinc pasuxismgebelni arian am adamianebis moma-valze, gadadgamen qmediT nabijebs devni-lobis problemis grZelvadiani mogvarebi-saTvis?

ana-sofi luisi proeqtis `iZulebiT gadaadgilebulTa

xmebi” direqtoriiZulebiT gadaadgilebis monitoringis

centri (IDMC)

10

rita marRania

48 wlis devnili pedagogi afxazeTidan, cxovrobda qalaq soxumSi.

~sami qaliSvili myavs. Cemi ojaxi amJamad TbilisSia, Casaxlebuli varT koleqtiur cen-trSi iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebisaTvis. mSoblebi da Zma kvlavindeburad afxa-zeTSi cxovroben. me vmuSaob trenerad norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWoSi.A am proeqtSi monawileoba CemTvis Zalian mniSvnelovani iyo, radgan urTierToba miwevda dev-nilebTan, im adamianebTan, romlebsac igive sawuxari aqvT, rac me. mindoda, kargad momesmina maTTvis da gamego, rogor cxovroben, rogor umklavdebian uamrav proble-mas. istoriebis Caweris dros Cven saSualebas vaZlevdiT mTxrobelebs Tavisuflad gamoexataT TavianTi grZnobebi da fiqrebi. Cven SevecadeT, rom davxmarebodiT maT sxva TvaliT SeexedaT sakuTari cxovrebisaTvis da sxva mxridan daenaxaT sakuTari Tavi. darwmunebili var, rom SevZeliT maTi gamxneveba da amiT gavuadvileT cxovre-biseul siZneleebTan brZolis gagrZeleba. didi siamovneba momaniWa imanac, rom ucxo adamianebs CemTan urTierTobisa da sakuTari cxovrebis gaziarebis survili gauCndaT. proeqtSi muSaobam didi gamocdileba SemZina, Tumca isic SemiZlia vTqva, rom didi Sroma Cavde am saqmeSi.”

levan arqania

23 wlis devnili ekonomisti afxazeTidan, cxovrobda qalaq soxumSi

~dedasTan erTad vcxovrob TbilisSi. vmuSaobdi moxalised arasamTavrobo organiza-ciaSi – devnil qalTa asociacia ̀ Tanxmoba”. davamTavre ekonomiuri fakulteti da amJa-mad vmuSaob bankSi. vTvli, rom devnilebTan urTierToba Zalian mniSvnelovania da es yovelTvis mainteresebs. SeiZleba imitom, rom Tavad devnili var da kargad mesmis maTi gulistkivili. am proeqtSi muSaobisas didi gamocdileba miviRe. Tavdapirvelad verc ki warmomedgina, rom amdeni ramis swavlas SevZlebdi. viswavle, magaliTad, rogor unda warimarTos dialogi. adre megona, rom bevri ram vicodi devnilebis Sesaxeb, magram es codna ar aRmoCnda sakmarisi. mivxvdi, rom adamiani Turme mudmivad swavlobs, mTeli Tavisi sicocxlis manZilze.”

Tamriko (fsevdonimi)

47 wlis iuristi, cxovrobs samxreT oseTSi

~vcxovrob cxinvalSi, vmuSaob arasamTavrobo organizaciaSi. vamayob, rom samxreT oseTidan am proeqtSi monawileobis SesaZlebloba me momeca. didi gamocdileba SeviZine. Sevxdi sxvadasxva asakisa da gansxvavebuli xasiaTis adamianebs, romlebmac bevri gasaWiri gamoiares, magram SeinarCunes Rirseba da iumoris grZnoba. Cemi respon-dentebi sakmaod kargad gavicani da xandaxan meCveneba, rom maTi cxovrebiT vcxovrob.

interviuerebis gundi

11

maT istoriebs sizmarSic ki vxedav. es proeqti Cems yoveldRiur muSaobaSic damexmara da bevri SemZina, rogorc iurists. vatyob, rom axla gacilebiT ufro meti TanagrZno-biT vekidebi saqmeebs. maxsovs erT-erTi mTxrobelis naTqvami: `mamaCemma sikvdilamde ramdenime xniT adre xexili dargo samezobloSi, yvela mezobeli Semoiara da TiTo xe dargo. mama axlac axsovT iq.”MCems Tavs SekiTxva davusvi – ̀ Sen Tu gaakeTe rame?” Sevkribe Cemi megobrebi. viTaTbireT da gadavwyviteT, rom SevxvedrodiT qalaqis mers da gveTx-ova binebis SekeTeba devnilebisaTvis: saxuravis, fasadis da Sesasvlelis remonti. Cven avuxseniT mers, rom misgan mxolod keTili neba da samSeneblo masalebiT uzrunvely-ofa iyo saWiro. danarCeni ki – muSaxeli, momarageba da xelmZRvaneloba - Cveni sazru-navi iqneboda. mxolod erTi piroba gvqonda, rom samSeneblo jgufebi dakompleqtebu-liyo osebis, qarTvelebisa da somxebisgan, rom maT erTad emuSavaT. bednieri var, rom es idea ganxorcielda. am patara ambiT Sevecade, rom gadmomeca, Tu ra gavlena iqonia Cemze cxovrebiseuli istoriebis proeqtma.”

irakli tabaRua

24 wlis devnili studenti afzaxeTidan, cxovrobda galSi

~vcxovrob zugdidSi, koleqtiur centrSi. Mvswavlob saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis fakultetze da Tan vmuSaob trenerad norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWos proeqtSi `Tana-toli - Tanatols.” Aam proeqtSi monawileobis Semdeg gavacnobiere, rom marto me ar var, vinc fiqrobs Cvens rTul warsulze da awmyoze da visac, miuxedavad yvelafrisa, imedi aqvs ukeTesi momavlis. devnilebs rom vuyureb, vfiqrob, rom adamiani yvelaze Zlieri qmnilebaa dedamiwaze, Tumca mas yvelaze meti daxmareba esaWiroeba. gansakuTrebiT rTuli aRmoCnda CemTvis respondentebTan saubris dawyeba da, aseve, interviuebis gaS-ifvra, sxva yvelaferma ki - kargad Caiara. cxovrebiseuli istoriis Cawerisas, yvelaze did siamovnebas maniWebda imedis sxivi mTxrobelis TvalebSi.”

xaTuna gadelia

34 wlis, cxovrobs zugdidSi, muSaobs arasamTavrobo organizaciaSi

~amJamad vmuSaob asociaciaSi `aTinaTi”, adre norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWos treneri viyavi. proeqtSi monawileoba Zalian saintereso iyo, Tumca advili ar yofila. Zne-lia, ganawyo adamiani saubrisaTvis. aseve Znelia, mousmino mas. proeqti damexmara am jadosnuri unaris SeZenaSi. xuT devnil adamians vesaubre. erTi maTgani siamayiT miam-bobda Tavisi cxovrebis Sesaxeb, meore tiroda, mesame sinanuliT ixsenebda Tavis war-suls, meoTxe icinoda... yvela maTgani gansakuTrebuli iyo. vigrZeni, rom marTlac Zalian mniSvnelovani iyo am adamianebis mosmena, rom amiT vexmarebodi maT. mixaria, rom

12

Cems cxovrebaSi aris xuTi adamiani, romelic mendo da miambo iseTi ambebi sakuTari gamocdilebidan, romelic aqamde TiTqmis aravisTvis gaumxelia. TiToeuli maTgani Cemi cxovrebis nawili gaxda, xolo maTi istoriebi - Cemi megobrebi. es marTlac sao-cari grZnobaa.~

Tea gogia

30 wlis devnili afxazeTidan. amJamad cxovrobs foTSi da muSaobs norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWoSi trenerad

~me da mama foTSi vcxovrobT, koleqtiur centrSi. Mme norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWos treneri var. es proeqti mniSvnelovanad mimaCnia yvelasTvis, visac adardebs sxva adami-anebis bedi da, ra Tqma unda, yvela monawilesaTvis, organizatorisa Tu mTxrobelisaT-vis. Zalian mniSvnelovania, adamianma icodes, rom misi cxovreba da misi grZnobebi sxvebisTvisac sainteresoa. Cven vxedavdiT Cveni respondentebis gaocebul saxeebs intervius dawyebisas. vxedavdiT imasac, Tu rogor icvleboda es gaoceba ndobiT da ra siamovnebiT iwyebdnen isini saubars, rogorc ki igrZnobdnen, rom Cveni interesi ar iyo yalbi, rom Cven namdvilad gvainteresebda maTi istoria. proeqtma warmoaCina kon-fliqtis Zalian mniSvnelovani da aqamde dafaruli mxareebi. rodesac am adamianebis vusmendi, isev warsulSi vbrundebodi - konfliqtsa da im gancdebSi, rac erTxel ukve gamoviare. mTxrobelebi da maTi istoriebi Cemi cxovrebis ganuyofeli nawili gaxda. proeqtma didi gavlena moaxdina Cemze - ufro momTmeni da mimtevebeli gavxdi. sau-bris Semdeg mTxrobelebs kmayofilebis grZnoba uCndebodaT, isini xedavdnen sakuTar Rirsebas. es Zalian sasiamovno iyo.”

naTia (fsevdonimi)

29 wlis, umuSevari, dabrunda sacxovreblad afxazeTSi, galis raionSi

~bebiasTan erTad vcxovrob galis raionSi. skola galSi davamTavre, profesiiT iuristi var, umaRlesi ganaTleba quTaisSi miviRe. amJamad umuSevari var. ar megona, rom aseTi mniSvnelovani aRmoCndeboda CemTvis am proeqtSi monawileoba. zepiri istoriebis Caw-eris meTodebSi treningebi rom gaviareT, aRfrTovanebuli viyavi, Tumca konfliqtis zonaSi diqtofonis waReba da gamoyeneba meSinoda. es saxifaTo SeiZleba yofiliyo rogorc CemTvis, ise Cemi axloblebisaTvis. erTma qalbatonma miTxra: ̀ gTxov, oRond es diqtofoni ar gamoiyeno da rasac ginda, imas mogiyvebi”. mec sxva ra gza mqonda, vijeqi da vusmendi istorias, romelsac ver viwerdi da, realurad, ver gamoviyenebdi. isto-riebis mosmena Zalian mZime aRmoCnda, radgan me Tavad gamoviare omi da is grZnobebi da cremlebi, romlebic Tan axlda Txrobas, ar iyo ucxo CemTvis. Cems mTxrobelebTan erTad Tavidan ganvicade yvelaferi. saintereso iyo, rom adamianebs surdaT, esaubraT cxovrebis mZime momentebze, Tumca yvela maTgani optimistia, momavlis imediT savse. miuxedavad imisa, rom maT amdeni gadaitanes, isini ar ansxvaveben adamianebs erovnebis mixedviT. me es udides imeds maZlevs.”

13

giorgi (fsevdonimi)

19 wlis, dabrunda sacxovreblad afxazeTSi, galis raionSi

~Cems ojaxTan erTad davbrundi galis raionSi da axla iq vcxovrob. me miyvars swavla. proeqtis farglebSi vxvdebodi devnilebs da bevri ram gavige maTze da maTs cxovre-baze. movipove mdidari informacia da SeviZine bevri megobari. muSaobis dros prob-lemebi ar Semqmnia. yvelaze Zneli CemTvis albaT is iqneba, rom Cveni jgufi aRar Seikribeba. urTierTobebi Cvens Soris advili da sasiamovno iyo. moxaruli var, rom udidesi gamocdileba SeviZine da bevri axali ram gavige.”

nana sabanaZe

43 wlis devnili samxreT oseTidan

~vmuSaob Sida qarTlisa da samcxe-javaxeTis regionebis ltolvilTa da gansaxlebis ganyofilebaSi. var, agreTve, arasamTavrobo organizaciis ”cxinvalis sazogadoebis” wevri. CemTvis yvelaze mniSvnelovani iyo is, rom am saubrebis dros devnil adamians SeeZlo dafiqrebuliyo sakuTar cxovrebaze da moexdina movlenebis Sefaseba. gan-sakuTrebiT rTuli bavSvebTan muSaoba iyo. megona, rom bavSvebs araferi aqvT dasa-mali da advili iqneboda maTi ndobis mopoveba, magram Turme vcdebodi. mivxvdi, rom maT bevrad ufro meti aqvT saTqmeli gadaadgilebaze, vidre konfliqtze, Tumca sak-maod gamiWirda kiTxvebis dasma koleqtiur centrebze da sacxovrebel pirobebze. vfiqrobdi, rom Tu arasdros ufiqriaT am Temaze, ratom unda movabezro Tavi aseTi mtkivneuli kiTxvebiT-meTqi? erT-erTi bavSvi iyo Sereuli, qarTul-osuri ojaxidan, me ver davusvi SekiTxva am sakiTxze. man Tqva, rom is qarTvelia da morCa. vfiqrobdi, rom advili iqneboda mozardebTan saubari, magram es ase ar aRmoCnda.”

vaxtang xuciSvili

37 wlis Jurnalisti, cxovrobs goris raionSi

~me vmuSaob Jurnalistad adgilobriv gazeTSi `xalxis gazeTi”, agreTve vaswavli istorias zogadsaganmanaTleblo skolaSi. cxovrebiseuli istoriebis proeqtSi monawileoba iyo Cemi pirveli TanamSromloba norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWosTan. CemT-vis mniSvnelovani iyo, rom Cvens mier Segrovebuli masala gamodgomoda proeqts. proeqtis dasrulebisas mivxvdi, rom me Tavad Semecvala damokidebuleba devnilebisa da konfliqtis mimarT. CemTvis, piradad, es iyo Zalian mniSvnelovania. Mme vesaubrebodi adamianebs da vxedavdi, rom rigiTi moqalaqeebi ocneboben mSvidobian Tanacxovre-baze. mTxrobelebi udidesi siamovnebiT ixsenebdnen `mowinaaRmdege” mxaris dadebiT saqciels.”

14

mdidari da mravalferovani masalis arsebobis pirobebSi istoriebis SerCeva da `Sesabamisi” naw-yvetebis amorCeva Zalian rTuli procesia. sxva kriteriumebTan erTad, daculi unda iyos bal-ansi konfliqtisa da iZulebiT gadaadgilebis gan-sxvavebul Sefasebebs Soris. Cveni mizani iyo iseTi masalis SerCeva, romelic yvelaze ukeT asaxavda da yvelaze naTlad aRwerda, ra saSineleba gadai-tanes Cvens mier Cawerili istoriebis avtorebma, ganurCevlad imisa, Tu konfliqtis romel mxares idgnen isini. qvemoT aRwerilia istoriebis SerCe-vis mravalsafexuriani procesi, romlis drosac sxvadasxva meTodisa da midgomis gamoyeneba gaxda saWiro.

Tavdapirvelad SevadgineT sia, romelSic gavaer-TianeT yvela Cawerili istoria. siaSi SevitaneT mTxrobelTa ZiriTadi maxasiaTeblebi - sqesi, asaki da ojaxuri mdgomareoba. aRvniSnavdiT, aseve, romel enaze iyo Cawerili interviu, sad cxovrobda mTxrobeli devnilobamde da mas Sem-deg. erTian siaSi Segvqonda informacia isto-riaSi mocemuli mTavari Temis Sesaxebac.

Semdeg etapze SevqmeniT mkiTxvelTa komiteti, raTa SerCevis procesi maqsimalurad yovlismom-cveli yofiliyo. teqstebis mTeli simravlidan komitets unda SeerCia istoriebis gansazRvruli raodenoba. komitetis wevrebi (sul, Svidi wevri) norvegiis ltolvilTa sabWos sxvadasxva proeq-tis TanamSromlebi iyvnen - rogorc devnilebi, ise adgilobrivebi. teqstebze muSaobisas maT unda gaeTvaliswinebinaT mTeli rigi garemoebebi: mTxrobelis sacxovrebeli pirobebi da ad gili, konfliqtsa da iZulebiT gadaadgilebaze das-muli gansxvavebuli aqcentebi, konfliqtisa da devnilobis zegavlena mTxrobelis Semdgom cxovrebaze, omis epizodebi, ‘saxlSi” dabruneba da masTan dakavSirebuli problemebi, cxovreba

istoriebis SerCeva da redaqtireba

iZulebiT gadaadgilebis Semdeg, saarsebo wyaro, stigma, integracia, janmrTelobasa da ganaTle-basTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi. aseve mniSvnelo-vani iyo, rom SerCeul istoriebSi warmodgenili yofiliyo asakobrivi, genderuli da eTnikuri mravaferovneba. istoriebis SerCevis Semdeg, komitetis TiToeul wevrs unda daesabuTebina Tavisi arCevani sakomiteto ganxilvaze. sabo-lood, Cawerili istoriebis mTliani raodenobi-dan (sul, 59 istoria) komitetma SearCia 29 isto-ria veb-saiTisaTvis da 13 - wignisaTvis.

Semdeg safexurs SerCeuli istoriebis re -daqtireba warmoadgenda. es procesi warimarTa iZulebiTi gadaadgilebis monitoringis cen-trisa da ze piri istoriebis programis mier SemuSavebuli saxelmZRvanelo principebis mi xedviT. vinaidan enis sakiTxs gadamwyveti mniS-vneloba hqonda, SeirCa ori redaqtori, romelic paralelurad muSaobda qarTul da rusul isto-riebze. megrulad Cawerili istoriebi iTarg-mna qarTul enaze. orive redaqtors teqstebze muSaobis Zalian didi gamocdileba hqonda, Tumca zepiri metyvelebis gaSifrul masalebze isini pirvelad muSaobdnen. es procesi ki gansxvavdeba werilobiTi teqstis redaqtirebisgan. amitom redaqtorebs miewodaT rekomendaciebi imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor unda SeerCiaT yvelaze sain-tereso da Sesabamisi masala; rogor unda ganemar-taT specifikuri, adgilobrivi da kulturuli TvalsazrisiT, sityvebi da saxelebi; rogor unda ganexilaT konfliqtTan dakavSirebuli isto-riuli faqtebi; rogor unda dayofiliyo teqsti da gamoyofiliyo Sinaarsi qvesaTaurebis meSveo-biT (qvesaTauri SeiZleboda citata yofiliyo). rac mTavaria, xazgasmiT iyo rekomendebuli originalis stilisa da mTxrobelis subieq-turi Sexedulebebis SenarCunebis mniSvneloba.

15

redaqtireba umTavresad azris gamoxatvis sicx-ades1 emsaxureboda. am procesis koordinire-bisa da mimdinare sakiTxebis ganxilvis mizniT, redaqtorebsa da proeqtis koordinators Soris mudmivi konsultaciebi tardeboda. amave dros, midioda muSaoba detaluri leqsikonis Sed-genaze. iZulebiT gadaadgilebis monitoringis centris~cxovrebiseuli istoriebis” proeqtis direqtori mudmivad CarTuli iyo procesSi.

Semdeg safexurze muSaoba warimarTa Targmanze. istoriebi iTargmna inglisur, rusul da qarTul enebze. inglisuri versiebi gaigzavna londonSi, panosSi, sadac maT redaqtirebaze muSaobdnen olivia beneti da uendi deivisi. maTi amocana iyo, erTis mxriv, Targmnili teqstebis leqsikur-gramatikuli koreqtireba, xolo, meores mxriv, imis uzrunvelyofa, rom nebismieri kulturuli, politikuri, geografiuli Tu istoriuli cneba gasagebi yofiliyo mkiTxvelisa Tu msmenelisaT-vis. aseve, maT unda uzrunvelyoT ganmartebebisa da formatis Tanmimdevruloba da daecvaT stili. mTargmnelebma maqsimalurad zustad gadmosces originalis Sinaarsi. magram, vinaidan inglisuri ar aris maTi mSobliuri ena, Targmans zog SemTx-vevaSi aklda sasaubro inglisurisTvis damaxasi-aTebeli stili. zogierTma intervium Targmanis ori etapic ki gaiara (iTargmna jer megrulidan qarTulad, xolo Semdeg qarTulidan - ingli-surad), rac kidev ufro metad zrdida risks imisa, rom teqsti bundovani gaxdeboda. garda amisa, masala datvirTuli iyo specifikuri cnebebiT – adgilobrivi geografiuli dasaxelebebiT Tu kulturologiuri saxelebiT. da bolos, yoveli istoria viTardeboda rTuli politikuri da eTnikuri konfliqtis fonze da esec garkveulad arTulebda teqstebis aRqmas.

redaqtorTa pirvelma gundma (Tamar TavarTq-ilaZe, proeqtis koordinatori TbilisSi, biata skvarska iZulebiTi gadaadgilebis monitorin-gis centridan da `cxovrebiseuli istoriebis” direqtori ana-sofi luisi) yvelaferi gaakeTa

1 saboloo redaqtirebul variantebSi kvadratuli frCxilebi aRniSnaven sicxadisTvis CarTul teqsts; mrgval frCxilebSi mogceulia Targmani/interpretacia; xolo msxvili SriftiT akrefili sityvebi da frazebi ganmartebulia glosariumSi.

imisTvis, raTa sicxade Seetana teqstebis bundo-van Tu orazrovan monakveTebSi. amis Semdeg pano-sis gundma daamuSava 29 interviu da daxvewa am STambeWdavi istoriebis ena, komentarebis, deta-luri leqsikonis Sedgenisa da sakuTari inicia-tiviT Catarebuli kvleva-Ziebis Sedegad.

`vimedovnebT, Sedegi saxezea. interviuebze muSaoba rTuli iyo. oTxi samuSao ena, rTuli politikuri foni da dausrulebeli iZulebiTi gadaadgilebebi Tavidan Zalian arTulebda zogi-erTi monaTxrobis gagebas.Mmagram roca CavuRrma-vdiT masalas, uamravi ram gavigeT konfliqte-bze, romelTa Sesaxeb informacia arasakmarisad moipoveba. agreTve, gavigeT rogor Secvala kon-fliqtma, xSirad ki daungria, cxovreba uamrav adamians. yovelive amis Semdeg, Rirsebis saqmed miviCnieT am sulisSemZvreli istoriebis mitana farTo auditoriamde, raTa sxvebic darwmunebd-nen maT mniSvnelobaSi~ (olivia beneti)

`istoriebis SerCevaze muSaoba da redaqtirebis procesi Zalian saintereso iyo. Cven aviReT val-debuleba, rom adamianebs, romlebmac sakuTar Tavze gamoscades konfliqtisa da iZulebiT gad-aadgilebis mTeli simZime, saSualeba miscemodaT, Riad eTqvaT TavianTi saTqmeli. Cven aviReT val-debuleba, rom am adamianebisaTvis moesminaT da maTi satkivari gaegoT. CemTvis didi pativi iyo am proeqtSi monawileoba. Cven bevri ram gavigeT, vmuSaobdiT ra istoriebis SerCevaze farTo audi-toriisaTvis warsadgenad. axla ki gvsurs, rom Tqvenc mousminoT am adamianebs da ufro Rrmad gaiazroT maTi cxovreba. darwmunebuli var, rom devnilebis uSualo monawileobiT, Cven Sev-ZlebT davarwmunoT mTeli msoflio, SevcvaloT samyaro am adamianebis ukeTesi momavlisaTvis” (Tamar TavarTqilaZe)

Tamar TavarTqilaZe da olivia beneti

1 saboloo redaqtirebul variantebSi kvadratuli frCxilebi aRniSnaven sicxadisTvis CarTul teqsts; mrgval frCxilebSi mogceulia Targmani/interpretacia; xolo msxvili SriftiT akrefili sityvebi da frazebi ganmartebulia glosariumSi.

16

17

18

19

20

21

cxovrebiseuliistoriebi

22

23

30 wlis Tea galis raionidan aris. man adre dakarga deda, omma ki gamzrdeli bebia-babua waarTva. Tea im dRes gaxda zrdasruli, roca mixvda: qarTul-afxazuri konfliqti – es aris tragedia, orive xalxis tkivili da cremlebi. axla Tea, rogorc iZulebiT gadadgilebuli piri, foTSi, koleqtiur centrSi cxovrobs, samuSaosa da samSvidis ZiebaSi, man yofili sabWoTa kavSiris bevri qalaqi moiara. magram mere – dabrunda saqarTveloSi, romelic mTeli am drois manZilze enatreboda. is ocnebobs Rir-seul cxovrebaze qarTvelebisa da afxazebisaTvis, romlebmac, misi azriT, unda erTmaneTs apation yvelaferi, rac maT Soris moxda.

istoria Cawerilia qarTul enaze.

Tea

`...roca iq Cavdivar, guli mtkiva~

davibade afxazeTSi, galis raionis sofel xumuSkurSi – aris aseTi patara sofeli. iq xalxi Zalian megobrulad csovrobda, erTmaneTi uyvardaT da yovelTvis, roca iq Cavdivar, guli mtkiva. axla bevri ram dangreulia, magram me is ki ar mawuxebs, rom Senobebi daingra, aramed is, rom ada-mianuri urTierTobebi Seicvala.

SeiZleba iTqvas, rom Cveni sofeli mitove-bulia. iq Zalian cota xalxi cxovrobs, magram isinic ki, vinc darCnen, ratomRac Zalian mtrulad, agresiulad arian erT-maneTis mimarT ganwyobili. ar vici, ratom. undobloba da SiSia gamefebuli. saRa-moobiT isini saxlidan gareT ver gadi an, radgan Zalian saSiSia. maT mezoblebis, erTmaneTis eSiniaT. qarTvelebs eSiniaT, rom vinmem SeiZleba dainaxos maTi afxa-zebTan urTierToba da uTxras, rom iqiTa mxridan naTesavebi xom ara gyavso? igive xdeba meore mxaresac…... eSiniaT, rom afxa-zebi dainaxaven da qarTvel naTesavebTan

urTierTobas daabraleben... orive SemTx-vevaSi, aris raRac riski. raRacnairi urT-ierTobebia, sruliad sxvanairi, viTom Cems mSobliur sofelSi ki ara, sxvagan Cavdiode.

„Cven wamovediT soflidan 1993 wlis seqtemberSi...~

Cven wamovediT soflidan 1993 wlis seqtemberSi, imitom, rom omi daiwyo. wamo-vediT, radgan afxazebma soxumi aiRes, sami dRis Semdeg ki – gali. Cven Tavidanve wamovediT. is dRe guSindeliviT maxsovs, imis miuxedavad, rom ukve 14 weli gavida... maSin ki 16 wlis viyavi. mTeli ojaxi wamo-vediT, marto bebia da babua darCnen iq. isini ar wamovidnen. wamovediT me, mama-Cemi, BbiZaCemi, bicola da biZaSvilebi.

deda ukve AaRar iyo cocxali, 11 wlisas gardamecvala. bebia-babua mzrdidnen, maTTan vcxovrobdi. mamaCemic CvenTan erTad iyo. hoda, am konfliqtis dros wamo vediT, bebia-babua ki darCnen. babua

24

r u s e T i

T u r q e T i

S a v iz R v a

s o m x e T i A a z e r b a i j a n i

staroJiNNNEENNneci

Cernovici

soWi

afxazeTi

samxreT oseTi

galis raioni

foTi

zugdidi

tyvarCeli

Tbilisi

kieviukraina

krasnodari

25

invalidi iyo, maxsovs, aivanze ijda da tiroda. maxsovs Cveni patara ZaRli, romelic darboda Cvens garSemo, TiTqos grZnobda, rom axla wavidodiT da Zalian didxans aRar davbrundebodiT... CvenTan erTad Cveni qarTveli mezoblebi iyvnen, Zalian axlobeli xalxi, Zalian kargi urT-ierToba gvqonda... me vtirodi, zurim ki, mezobelma, dedaCemis naTlulma, miTxra: `Tea, ratom tiri, Cven sam dReSi davbrun-debiT.” Sevxede da...TviTonac tiroda, ar sjeroda, rasac ambobda.

„yvelas egona, rom Cven male davbrundebodiT...~

Cven gadavediT engurze- administraciul sazRvarze, dixazurgas gavliT. maxsovs, mTeli sofeli Seikriba, Cemi biZaSvilis didi manqaniT yvela erTad movdiodiT. aravis araferi ar mohqonda Tan, mxolod sabuTebi da meti araferi, ratomRac yve-las egona, rom Cven male davbrundebodiT. xalxi ver acnobierebda, rom es omi iyo...

Soreul naTesavTan wavediT, engurs iqiT axlobeli absoluturad aravin ar gvyavda. hoda, ase, mTeli sanaTesao am kacs mivadeqiT, manqanSi vinc viyaviT, daaxloe-biT 60 kaci, yvela am naTesavTan wavediT. Cvens mere, kidev sxvebic Camo vidnen. Segi-ZliaT warmoidginoT, ra xdeba, rodesac erT saxlSi 60 kaci cxovrobs, patara bavS-vebic, orsuli qalic, avadmyofebic... es iyo katastrofa. …

„...Cveni gza ufro grZeli aRmoCnda, vidre movelodiT~

mere mamam gadawyvita, rom dasavleT ukrainaSi wavsuliyaviT. magram maSin saqarTveloSi samoqalaqo omic iyo. erT-

maneTs ebrZodnen– saqarTvelos pir-veli prezidentis zviad gamsaxurdias da SevardnaZis momxreebi, SevardnaZisa, romelic Semdgom prezidenti gaxda. ase rom, Cveni gza bevrad ufro grZeli aRmoCnda, vidre Cven movelodiT. zugdi-didan abaSamde matarebliT vimgzavreT, imis iqiT matarebeli ar midioda, iguli-sxmeboda, rom gzis gagrZeleba saSiSi iyo mowinaaRmdege mxareeebs Soris saomari moqmedebebis gamo. Cven droebiT daviviw-yeT Cveni konfliqti afxazeTSi, radgan sxva konfliqtTan axlos aRvmoCndiT.

mamam saWirod miiCnia aqedan wasvla, raTa bavSvebi gadaverCineT. me misi madlieri var, rom droze wamogviyvana da ar gvina-xavs is saSinelebebi, rac maSin xdeboda... ai, ase... abaSidan samtrediamde fexiT viareT. es aris Zalian didi manZili. Zlieri qari qroda, cioda, CvenTan erTad modiodnen bavSvebi, qali, romelsac mZime orsuloba hqonda da siaruli uWirda. es iyo saSineleba. Cven ar mivdiodiT centra-luri gziT, gviTxres, rom es saSiSi iqne-boda, Cven mivdiodiT soflebis gavliT... saerTod, rogor CavaxwieT samtrediamde, ar vici... samtrediidan Tbilisamde mata-rebliT vimgzavreT. Tbilisidan, isev matarebliT, kievamde CavediT, mere kievi-dan Cernovcamde CavaRwieT.

TbilisSi mxolod erTi Rame gavCerdiT- Cveni matareblis molodinSi. maxsovs, Rame sadgurSi gavatareT, zRva xalxi iyo, zRva devnilebisa, Cvennairebisa. kidev maxsovs, rom Tbiliselebi, ubralo ada-mianebi, sruliad ucnobebi, modiodnen, mohqondaT saWmeli, tansacmeli, zogi saxlSi gvepatiJeboda Ramis gasatare-blad.

26

me dRemde vgrZnob im siTbos, romelic Cven maSin gvaCuqes...

„...rodesac...qarTuli sityva gavigone, kinaRam Wkuidan SeviSale! `

male patara qalaq staroJinecSi Cave-diT, romelic poloneTis sazRvarzea. iq cxovrobdnen deidaCemis rZlis mSoblebi – Soreuli naTesavebi. am qalaqSi verc erT qarTvels da, saerTod, kavkasiidan, veravis naxavdiT. iq cxovreba CemTvis saSinel wamebad gadaiqca. Cemi cxovrebis 16 wlis manZilze, jer arsad ar memgzavra, da ucbad mSobliuri mxridan mowyvetili aRvmoCndi...

maxsovs, im qalaqSi pirvelad rom qarTuli sityva gavigone, kinaRam Wkuidan SeviSale! giambobT, rogor iyo. quCaSi, uecrad qarTulad SeikurTxa viRac biWma. mivvardi da qarTulad mivmarTe: „qarT-veli xar?~. mere didxans vmegobrobdiT... ukrainaSi Zalian Tbilad migviRes. naTe-savebs ar vgulisxmob, aramed im xalxs, romlebic saerTod ar gvicnobdnen da bavSvebis skolaSi mowyobaSi mogvex-marnen, xSirad gvirekavdnen: „Tqven xom afxazeTidan xarT, iqneb rame gWirdebaT, Cven gvinda, vaSlebi, yurZeni mogitan-oTo~. ukrainaSi rva Tve vcxovrobdiT...

„isini mokles ... imitom, rom qarTvelebi iyvnen `

ramdenime xnis Semdeg, sxvagan gadasvla gadavwyviteT. mamas samsaxuri, Semosavali sWirdeboda, Cven fexze unda davdgariya-viT. gadavwyviteT krasnodaris mxareSi gadasvla. iqidan sul or dReSi SeiZleba saqarTveloSi Casvla da imedi gvqonda, rom ufro male SevZlebdiT bebiisa da

babuis naxvas. magram... maTi naxva veRar SevZeliT...

isini... iq, afxazeTSi mokles. adamianurad maTi dasaflavebac ki ver SevZeliT. orive samoci wlis iyo. isini arafris gulisTvis mokles mxolod imitom, rom qarTvelebi iyvnen. imave dRes, Cvens sofelSi ramdenime adamiani dawves sakuTar saxlebSi. isini mezoblebma daasaflaves, imave dRes...

daaxloebiT ori wlis Semdeg, bico-laCemma daiwyo Casvla saqarTveloSi. xSirad Cadioda. erTxelac, gamgzavrebis win, isteriulad ganvucxade: „mec minda wasvla, aq ar davrCebi-meTqi~, da mec wami-yvanes. zugdidSi rom CavediT, cxadia, iq ar davrCi, mindoda gza gamegrZelebina, afxazeTSi Cavsuliyavi. mzad viyavi fexiT wavsuliyavi, ar vici, rogor, magram me unda iq, Cems saxlSi mivsuliyavi. da rode-sac avtobusSi Cavjeqi, uzomod bednieri viyavi, radgan saxlSi mivdiodi... vicodi, rom iq yvelaferi damwvari iyo, rom bebia da babua mokles, rom iq yvelaferi sxva-nairad iqneboda. da mainc, etyoba, ver warmomedgina, ramdenad mZime Sexvedra meloda Cems mSobliur mxaresTan.

„yvelaferi dangreulia~

avtobusma enguris xidi gadaiara da davi-naxe, rom yvelaferi dangreuli iyo, sax-lebi Tu, rac maTgan darCa, yvelaferi - damwvari... saSineli suraTi iyo... rode-sac sofel zemo barRebSi im skolas mivuaxlovdiT, romelSic me vswavlobdi, aRmoCnda, rom iq samSvidobo Zalebis posti ganlagebuliyo. skola ki... mTli-anad dangreuli iyo. es iyo pirveli Soki, romelic ganvicade... me xom, roca omi daiwyo, meTerTmete klasSi viyavi, da sko-

27

lis damTavreba ver movaswari... axla ki es skola aRar arsebobda.

mere Cveni quCa movinaxule, sadac gavizarde da cxovrebis saukeTeso wlebi gavatare. quCa ver vicani, mTlianad Secvlili damx-vda. yvelaferi sxvanairi iyo... me aCqare-buli nabijebiT Sin mivdiodi da mjeroda, rom iq, imave adgilas, saidanac gagvacila, bebiaCemi damxvdeboda, magram yvelaferi, ra Tqma unda, sul sxvanairad gamoiyure-boda, da ara ise, rogorc me warmomedgina. da maSin... Zalian mrcxvenia, magram unda vaRiaro, rom SemZulda yvela, vinc ki am omSi monawileobda – afxazic da qarTvelic.

yvela mZulda da saSinlad agresiuli viyavi. saxlSi mxolod erTi dRe viyavi, meore dRes ki isev zugdidSi davbrundi, Semdeg ki_ ruseTSi, krasnodarSi.

„...es afxazebis da qarTvelebis trage-diaa~

daaxloebiT erTi wlis Semdeg soWSi movx-vdi, romelic afxazeTs esazRvreba da afxa-zebi iq xSirad Cadian. Zalian bevri afxazi vnaxe da yvelas Savi tansacmeli ecva da mkerdze 3-4 fotosuraTi1 ekeTa. TiTqos uceb gaminaTda goneba. diax, me Cemi didi tragedia maqvs, radgan momikles bebia, romelic Cems cxovrebaSi mTavari adami-ani iyo, man gamzarda, magram, Turme marto me ar damatyda Tavs es ubedureba, sxvebic gaubedurdnen, zogma Cemze meti tkivili gadaitana, zogs Svili moukles, zogs – Zma..

„…vcdilob, vuTxra qarTvelebsac da afxazebsac...~

im momentSi sabolood davrwmundi, rom es ubedureba da tragedia – marto Cemi

1 afxazuri tradiciis Tanaxmad, glovis dros gardacvlili adamianis fotosuraTi mkerdze ukeTiaT

da qarTvelebis ki ara, aramed, afxaze-bisa da qarTvelebis saerTo tragediaa, me maSin 18 wlis viyavi. maSin gavxdi zrdas-ruli... swored im momentidan vcdilob, vuTxra qarTvelebsac da afxazebsac: ar SeiZleba erTmaneTi gvZuldes, Cven ise-dac Zalian bevri Secdoma davuSviT! unda mivutevoT erTmaneTs, unda SevundoT sakuTar mxaresac, yvelas unda vapatioT. da kidev: ndoba rom gaCndes, urTierTo-bebSi raime rom Seicvalos, Aaucilebelia orive mxaris survili. erTi mxare marto verafers gadawyvets.

me vfiqrob, unda gaixsnas sazRvrebi, rom adamianebs SeeZloT erTmaneTTan urTier-Toba. urTierToba – es pirvelia, rasac SeuZlia ndobamde migviyvanos...

kolegebs Soris, visTanac erTad vmuSaob, afxazebic arian. Zalian kargi urTier-Toba gvaqvs erTmaneTTan. maT ician Cemi tragediis Sesaxeb, me vici, maT ra tra-gedia gadaitanes. isic marTalia, rom Cven-Cveni tragediebis Sesaxeb mas Semdeg daviwyeT saubari, rac Zalian kargad gavi-caniT erTmaneTi, erTmaneTi SeviyvareT. dro dagvWirda ndobis aRsadgenad. roca davrwmundiT, rom erTmaneTis tkivils gavigebT, roca es momenti dadga – Cven davsxediT da gulwrfelad davilapara-keT – agresiisa da braldebebis gareSe.

axla foTSi vcxovrob, vmuSaob afxazeTSi, galis raionSi. maqvs nebarTva, forma №92. amitom gadadgilebis gamo problema ar maqvs.

„Cven es omi ar gvinda~

me vmuSaob norvegiis ltolvilTa sa b-WoSi. sxva axalgazrda trenerebTan

2 pirovnebis damadasturebeli droebiTi mowmoba, romelic saSvTan erTad afxazeTSi Sesvlis uflebas iZleva

28

erTad treningebs vatareb axalgazrde-bisaTvis genderis sakiTxebze, Sidsisa da narkomaniiis prevenciisaTvis. galis raionSi axla bevri axalgazrdaa. amis miuxedavad, pirvel treningebze jgufis Sekreba gagviWirda. omisa da araerTi tragediis gadatanis Semdeg, xalxi SeeCvia uxmaurod, TavisTvis, cxovrebas, rusebi rom ityvian: „ниже травы, тише воды~. am dros Cven gamovCndiT, vepatiJebiT tre-ningze. maT ki isic ki ar ician, es ra aris. magram es sirTule mxolod dasawyisSi arsebobda. axla treningSi monawileTa msurvelebs ver avudivarT, aqeT gvexvewe-bian. ori treningi tyvarCelSi CavatareT. Cveni treningis monawileebi adgilo-brivi mcxovreblebi – afxazebi iyvnen. me meSinoda, rom Cven qarTvel trenerebs ar migviRebdnen, rom iqneboda raRac daZa-buloba, magram, Cemda gasakvirad da sasix-arulod, muSaoba Zalian advili aRmoC-nda. treningma brwyinvaled Caiara. erTad gavatareT ori mSvenieri dRe. saRamos ki, treningis Semdeg davsxediT, ubralod visaubreT, da isini - afxazebi Tavad Seex-nen qarTvelebisa da afxazebis urTierT-damokidebulebis Temas da Tqves: `rogor daviRaleT am yvelafrisgan! Cven es omi ar gvinda.~

me Cavdivar galSi, treningebs vatareb da isev foTSi vbrundebi. Cven-me da mamaCemi devnilTa koleqtiur centrSi vcxovrobT. FfoTSi Zalian Znelad davi-mkvidreT Tavi, radgan didxans gagvi-Wirda samsaxuris Sovna. saqarTveloSi es sayovelTao problemaa, marto Cven ar gvawuxebs. foTSi araviTari samuSao ar iyo, sruliad araviTari. mama ras ar cdi-lobda, ras ar akeTebda, ramdeni iwvala – araferi ar gamouvida. me erTi wliT isev

ruseTSi wavedi, deidasTan vcxovrobdi. iq yvela muSaobda, me ki saqme araferi mqonda. mqonda bevri dro da kompiuterze muSaobis Seswavla gadavwyvite. ai, ase. arc ki vfiqrobdi, rom samsaxurs viSo-vidi – ubralod, gadavwyvite meswavla. da uecrad, erT mSvenier dRes, foTidan damirekes: „Tea, Tu kompiuteri ici, Cven SenTvis samuSao gvaqvs”.

„modiT, mivutevoT da CamovarTvaT erTmaneTs xeli~

im wamsve gamovvardi saqarTveloSi. davi-wye muSaoba arasamTavrobo organiza-ciaSi, Tavidan kompiuterze muSaobas vaswavlidi Cemive Tanatolebs, Semdeg programis koordinatori gavxdi, bolos ki_ amave organizaciis aRmasrulebeli direqtori. xuTi weli sakmaod warmate-bulad vimuSave. mama ar muSaobda maSin. axla Tavadac ipova samsaxuri, portSi dasaqmda. SeiZleba iTqvas, rogorc iqna, amovisunTqeT. ramden xans veZebdiT... sad ar viyaviT... daTvlac ki Znelia, ramden-jer Sevicvale adgilsamyofeli: ruseTSi vcxovrobdi – armavirSi, rostovSi, kras-nodarSi, astraxanSi, da ukrainaSic, mere saqarTveloSi davbrundi, moviare – zug-didi, Tbilisi, foTi... me ki Cems sofelze mefiqreboda, iq Casvlas vnatrobdi.

axlac vocnebob imaze, razec, albaT, yvela devnili ocnebobs am qveynad – dab-rundes sakuTar mxareSi, Tavis sofelSi, da rom Cemi sofeli isev iseTi gaxdes, rogoric iyo, rodesac Cven is davtoveT. Cemi sofeli, zemoT ukve vaxsene, pata-raa, da yovel ojaxs Tavisi tragedia aqvs. magram, amis miuxedavad, me vocne-bob iq dabrunebaze. xolo Cemi yvelaze sanukvari ocnebaa – xalxi Rirseulad

29

cxovrobdes, erTmaneTs pativs scemdnen, yvelas hqodes samsaxuri,. erTi sityviT, iseT idealur mxareze vocnebob, sadac yvela adamiani bednieri iqneba.

me minda, yvelas vuTxra – giyvardeT erTmaneTi! modiT, mivutevoT da xeli CamovarTvaT erTmaneTs. Tu Cven gvinda Rirseuli cxovreba, sufTa sindisiT – aucilebelia amis gakeTeba!

30

31

21 wlis piteri1 afxazeTidan devnilia. omis dros galSi mis ojaxs saxli daewva da zugdidSi wamovidnen. Ppiteri maSin patara iyo, amitom galSi gatarebul wlebs kargad ver ixsenebs. DdRes igi studentia. piteri ZmasTan erTad zugdidSi erT-erT kom-paqtur centrSi cxovrobs, misi mSoblebi dabrundnen sofelSi, galis raionSi. TviTon piteri galSi siaruls erideba. eSinia, jarSi gawvevis problema ar Seeqmnas, amitom iq iSviaTad Cadis. istoriaSi is yuradRebas amaxvilebs axalgazrdebis probleme-bze, kompaqtur centris mZime pirobebze da Tavis gancdebze.

istoriis nawili Cawerilia qarTul da nawili megrul enaze. megrulidan qarTulad iTargmna gaSifvris dros.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

piteri

`galSi saxli damewva~

davibade da vcxovrobdi galSi. amje-rad zugdidSi vcxovrob. iq, galSi saxli damewva. bavSvobis wlebi, raRaca frag-mentebi darCa Cems mexsierebaSi. aravis vicnob Cems quCaze. iq ki var dabadebuli, magram iq ar gavzrdilvar. aq, zugdidSi gavizarde.

bavSvobis wlebi ar maxsovs, Tumca, raRa-ceebs vixseneb, rogor vTamaSobdi, ras vakeTebdi. maxsovs, aRdgoma iyo da mezo-bels SeRebili hqonda cicris kvercxi. mTeli dRe imas davdevdi, rom rogorme gametexa. es maxsovs. axali weli da sxva raRacebi ar maxsovs...

Cemi saukeTeso mogoneba Cemi samezoblo da saaxlobloa... erT-erTi Cemi mogoneba, es aris Cemi quCa, Cemi samxanago, Cemi Tana-tolebi...

myavs deda, mama, erTi Zma, bebia da mamida. aq, zugdidSi amJamad vcxovrobT me da Cemi Zma.M mSoblebi gvakiTxaven xolme.

xan dedaCemi aris aq, xan bebia gamodis da xanac marto varT. mamaCemi sul iqiT aris, sofelSi, radgan miwaze muSaobs da simindi, kidev raRac-raRacebi mohyavs.

Cemebs telefoniT vukavSirdebi. adre, bavSvobis wlebSi, skolaSi iq vswavlobdi. 1998 wlis maisis movlenebis Semdeg, aqeT gadmovediT. H sanam skolis moswavle viyavi, yovel kviras Cavdiodi sofelSi, galis raionSi, magram rac iq jarSi gawvevebi daiwyo, veRar vaxereb xSirad gadasvlas. Tu raRac moxdeba: an naTesavi, an axlo-beli, an mezobeli gardaicvleba, da Tu usafrTxo periodi daemTxva, mxolod maSin mivdivar. A

`axlaxan afxazeTSi viyavi, qorwilSi~

axlaxan afxazeTSi viyavi, qorwilSi. mezobelma coli moiyvana. iqiT rom gadav-diodiT, enguris xidze-administraciul sazRvarze davtoveT sabuTebi, piradobis mowmobebi. gviTxres, rom am sabuTebis-Tvis nu dabrundebiT, Aar mogcemTo. aravin

32

r u s e T i

S a v iz R v a

zugdidi

gali

afxazeTi

r u s e T i

S a v iz R v a

zugdidi

gali

afxazeTi

33

dagvxvda da gabrazdnen, qorwili Tu aqvT, TavianT xalxs ratom ar elodebiano. ami-tom, sabuTebze ar moxvideT, dakarguli gaqvTo. magram rom CavediT, gviTxres, Tqven rom dabrundebiT, iq cvla Seicv-leba da sxvebi dagxvdebian, imaT ki, albaT, fuli undodaT. Tu Zalian SeSindebodiT, fuls mogTxovdnen, sabuTebs mogcemdnen da gagiSvebdneno. meore dRes, marTlac, sxva cvla iyo. vuTxariT, rom sabuTebi davtoveT, maSinve mogvces da uprob-lemod gamoigviSves.

qorwilSi afxazebic sakmaod iyvnen, or mxares Soris aranairi daZabuloba ar igrZnoboda. sakmaod normaluri lxini iyo, iseTi, rogoric saqarTvelos nebis-mier kuTxeSia. yvelaferma mSvidobianad Caiara da meore dRes saxlebSi wamo-vediT.

vici erTi aseTi SemTxveva. aq, CvenTan 40 wlamde kaci iyo, romelic naTesavebma dapatiJes iqiT - afxazeTSi. iq, sazRvarze aravin gaufrTxilebiaT. is kaci qarTveli iyo, oCamCiridan devnili. sazRvarze man-qana datoves. ori dRe is manqana im sazR-varTan idga, mere afxazebi rom movidnen, dainteresdnen, vin aris es xalxio da yve-lani erTad daiWires. am kacs qarTuli piradobis mowmoba rom unaxes, dai-Wires. roca afxazma Zalovanebma moiZies faqtebi, rom igi oCamCireli da afxazeTis mkvidri, devnili iyo, sazRvris ukanono gadakveTaSi daadanaSaules. am kacma mTeli oTxi Tu xuTi Tve iq dahyo. mere gamouSves. saerTod asea, aqedan viRaca rom gadavides, sazRvris ukanono gada-kveTas miaweren da SeiZleba daiWiron, magram rodesac viRaca gaafrTxilebT, rom qorwili maqvs da xalxis gadmoyvana mindao, maSin xels ar axleben... viRac

afxazi acxadebs, rom es aris saxelmwifo sazRvari, Torem Tu etyvian, rom es Cemi xalxia da gaatareo, maSin es sazRvari aRar arsebobs. viRacis TxovniT, SeiZleba nebismieri stumari Caiyvano. xolo Tu ise gadaxval, SeiZleba dagiWiron da cixeSi Cagsvan. Eis kaci TviTon qarTulad mosau-bre iyo, gvaric qarTuli aqvs. megruli imdenad ar icoda, esmoda, magram ver laparakobda. Hroca aRmoCnda, rom oCamCi-ridan devnili iyo, gauSves.

`SiSi arsebobs~

roca aq, zugdidSi xar, Zalian Tavisu-flad xar da normalurad grZnob Tavs, ar geSinia. iqiT rom xar, piriqiT... magali-Tad, iyo aseTi SemTxveva, sadRegrZelo warmoTqves: gaumarjos Cvens kuTxeso. vinc iyo Tamada, iman Tqva, gaumarjos afxazeTso. sxva Seepasuxa, saqarTvelos ratom ar ambobo? hoda, amanac ver Tqva, saqarTvelos gaumarjoso, saqarT-velosTan erTad am afxazeTs gaumar-joso... aris raRac SiSebi, da imitom. P

roca me dampatiJes afxazeTSi, qorwilSi, es pirveli SemTxveva iyo, Zalian sasia-movno SegrZneba mqonda, rom Cems miwa-wyalze da Tan qorwilSi viyavi. CemTvis sasiamovno faqti iyo, magram Tavs ise Cveulebriv ar vgrZnobdi, rogorc sxva-gan, magaliTad, zugdidSi. mainc ar viyavi Tavisufali, Tumca vicodi, rom iseTi araferi moxdeboda. iq ver ityvi, ver gaa-keTeb da ver moimoqmedeb imas, rac ginda. vTqvaT, SeiZleba qorwilSi adge da raRaca qarTulad Tqva an imRero. iq, afxazeTSi ki amas yvela ver gabedavs...

34

`manamde TmaSi WaRara ar mqonda...~

1998 wlis 24 maisi. maSin meoTxe klass vamTavrebdi. 24-Si soflebis sazRvarze pirveli Setakeba moxda. hoda, dilis 6 saaTi iyo, karze raRac braxuni gavigeT. mamaCemi adga, rusulad uTxres, gaa-ReT kario. Semogvicvivdnen afxazebi, 15-20-mde iqnebodnen, Semocvivdnen, iqiT-aqeT yvelaferi mosinjes. iaraRi xom ar gaqvTo? mamaCemi invalidi kacia, ar SeuZ-lia, sadRac dadges da ibrZolos, saamiso fizikuri SesaZlebloba ar aqvs... rom naxes aseTi kaci, mere arc mouTxoviaT iaraRi da cudad ar moqceulan, aravis ar damuqrebian... quCaze yvelas saxlSi Sevidnen... gasvlisas, mamas uTxres: arsad ar waxvideT, ar daimaloT da ar gaiqceT, Torem Tu gnaxeT, ojaxis ufross mov-klavTo, magram rogorc ki isini wavidnen da mogveca imis saSualeba, rom gavqceu-liyaviT, egreve gaviqeciT. maxloblad raRac mezoblis nasaxlari da xeebi iyo dabardnili. tura ver SeaRwevda, iseT adgilas SevZveriT da iq raRac Zvel `kanavo”-Si viweqiT dilis 6-dan dRis 4 saaTamde.

faqtobrivad, ise intensiurad isrodnen, Tavs verc amowevdi. ar vici, yvelaferma aman imoqmeda Tu sxva ramem, manamde TmaSi WaRara ar mqonda, mere da mere gameria. SeiZleba es genetikuria, radgan mama-Cems Ria Tmebi aqvs, SeiZleba erT-erTi faqtori iyos isic, rom SiSma imoqmeda, meoTxeklaseli bavSvi viyavi da Seme-Sinda... vkankalebdi da sakuTar Tavs ver vakontrolebdi. meSinoda.

4 saaTze faqtobrivad Sewyda srolebi, afxazebma ukan daixies da gasvlis saSua-leba mogveca, xalxi masobrivad gavida

iqidan da mas mere sul aq varT. erTi soflidan meoremde fexiT gamovediT da mere avtobusiT. maSin dadioda avtobu-sebi da vinc reisebze dadioda, Cvenc iman gamogviyvana...

dabali zonis soflebSi partizanebi iyvnen modebuli, raRaca zoli Seqmnes, romlis aqeT afxazebi ver gadiodnen da, am zols aqeT xalxma gamoaswro. Cven rom gamovediT, aqeT ukve Cvenebi dagvxvdnen da aravin ar gagvaCera, Cvens zonaSi viyaviT...

`meored gavxdiT devnilebi~

1995 wlis pirveli gadmosvlisa bevri ram ar maxsovs. maxsovs mxolod is, rom traq-toriT gadmovediT. vici, rom ruseTSi wavediT, mere iqidan davbrundiT. 1995 wlidan isev afxazeTSi gadavediT da 1998 wlamde iq davyaviT da avawyveT cxovreba. iq vcxovrobdiT 1998-mde, mere isev yve-laferi davkargeT da meored gavxdiT devnilebi. maSin, 1995-Si xalxi faqto-brivad dabrunebuli iyo, afxazebi aqeT dadiodnen... Txilis sezonis dros man-qanebiT modiodnen, Txils yidulobd-nen, produqtebi mohqondaT gasayidad da Cveulebrivad iyvnen. axla ubralod saku-Tari Tavi respublikad aRiares da saxelm-wifoebriv WrilSi raRaceebs akeTeben, Torem maSin yvela Tavisi Tavis patroni iyo. modiodnen, ar gerCodnen, magram Tavi-anT saqmes akeTebdnen. axla cota sxvanairi situaciaa _ gadasaxadebia, visac 1 nakveTi aqvs, unda gadaixados 100 kilo Txili. Cvens sofelSi ar aris iseTi Semosavliani miwa, rom 200 Ziri Txilidan 800 kilo an maqsimum 1 tona aiRo. Cveulebriv, Txilis mosavali 350 an 400 kiloa. hoda, afxazebs unda misce 100 an 120 kilo, visac 2 nakveTi aqvs, 200-sac ixdis.

35

`iq sul sxvanairad vsunTqav~

sanam jaris asaki momiwevda, gadasvlis problema ar mqonda. Semdeg ukve gar-Tulda. axla Zalian simkacrea. modian afxazebi da sofelSi TareSoben. Tu ician, sad cxovrobs jaris asakis axalgazrda, saxlSi uvardebian. me, magaliTad, ar mic-noben da CemTan arc movlen, magram ar minda iq xSirad viaro, imitom rom erTi-orjer rom mnaxon, ar var dazRveuli, rom vinme mamaCemTan ar mova da sad aris Seni Svili, jarSi ratom ar midis da Sen aq ratom cxovrobo, hkiTxavs... amitom vari-deb Tavs, Torem mec minda, Cems sofelSi rom viyo, iq mainc sxvanairi buneba, tyea. sadac tyea, iq kargi havaa da sasiamovnoa...… iq sul sxvanairad vsunTqav.

`cxovrebis pirobebi sakmaod rTuli gvaqvs~

cxovrebis pirobebi sakmaod rTuli gvaqvs... Cemi ZiriTadi saarsebo wyaro is aris, rom mSoblebi sofelSi arian, msxvil-fexa saqoneli hyavT, Txili, simindi, dev-nilis 11- lariani daxmareba da bebiis da mamis pensia. amiT varsebobT. sakuTar Tavs didi ekonomia unda gavukeToT, unda SevizRudoT, magaliTad, sakvebis Tval-sazrisiT. Zalian minda, rom yoveldRe xorciani da raRac kargi saWmeli, kargi salaTebi vWamo. piris gemo yvelas kargi gvaqvs, magram ar gamodis... es Zalian iSviaTad aris SesaZlebeli. Cveulebriv glexu ri saWmeli gvaqvs: Romi, yveli, lobio da a.S.

sacxovrebeli pirobebis mxriv, koleq-tiuri centris Senoba avariulia. Cven TviTon vcdilobT, rogorme gavamyaroT Zalian Zveli, meryevi Senobaa, aTas adgi-

las iataki Campalia. erT adgilas am dampal iatakSi qals fexi Cauvarda... roca wvims, qvemoT, saZirkvelTan wyali gubdeba, nestia da morielebi budoben. morielebisaTvis kargi pirobebia da mravldebian. kidev sadenebia Zalian cud mdgomareobaSi. erTi kviris winaT, sade-nebs cecxli gauCnda da ukan sacxovre-beli daiwva. xandaxan roca qaria, RamiT Suqs vTiSavT, cecxli rom ar gaCndes, da varT Rame uSuqod.

kibec Zalian saSiSia, misi safexurebi xisaa da ukve didi xania dampalia, Cven yovel dRe vcdilobT SekeTebas. am kibis safexurebsa da saxelurebs Soris cota didi Sualedia. sami wlis bavSvma gamoir-bina, wvimiani dRe iyo, bavSvs fexi daucda, am SualedSi gaZvra da meore sarTulidan Camovarda. im bavSvs elenTa amoaWres, axla elenTa ara aqvs, sikvdils gadaurCa. SenobaSi antisanitaria sufevs. raime daa-vadebis SemTxvevebi ar yofila, Tumca amisgan arc xar dazRveuli. awyoben Saba-Tobas, Seagroveben nagavs. ramdenjer miv-marTeT gamgeobas, rom waeRoT es nagavi, magram amaod. ZaRli da Rori kvlav mimo-fantavs am nagavs, da aris isev dabinZure-buli.

`aqauri cxovrebis yoveli dRe erTnairia~

erT dRes meorisgan didad ver ganvasx-vaveb imitom, rom aqauri cxovrebis yoveli dRe erTnairia, erTmaneTs hgavs. Ceveulebriv, Cemi dRe iwyeba: diliT adre adgomiT, universitetSi wasvliT, mere dabrunebiT... Tu mezoblebi Cumad arian da simyudrovea, mecadineobas vaxerxeb. mainc saerTo sacxovrebelia, mZime piro-bebia, magari nervebi gWirdeba, rom yovel

36

dRe amas gauZlo... mere modis saRamo, mere Ramdeba. es aris Cemi yoveldRiuri cxovreba, raRac gansakuTrebuli ara-feri xdeba. Tu zogjer raRac treningebi tardeba, Zalian moxaruli var.

zogjer axalgazrdebi vikribebiT. an vin-mes dabadebis dRea an dResaswauli da rogorc SegviZlia, ise vilxenT.

erT wels saintereso axali weli gvqonda. axali wlis Semosvlamde sinaTle gagviTi-Ses davalianebis gamo. Turme mricxvelma oTxi dRis ganmavlobaSi rac dawera, imis mixedviT gamoiangariSes danarCeni Tveebis davalianeba da morCa, gagviTiSes Suqi. gadaxdas ver vaxerxebdiT da axali wlis Rame sanTlis Suqze Semovida...

`axalgazrdebi yvelafers moklebulebi arian~

xolo, Tu gainteresebT afxazeTSi, galSi, qarTvelebis cxovreba, iq xalxi ki cxovrobs, magram Tu iq xar _ SenTvis unda iyo, Seni saWmelisTvis. Tu ramem Segawuxa an rame ar mogwons, an vinme cudad gepyroba, vTqvaT, Txilis gamo, xmas ver amoiReb, geSinia. faqtobrivad daCagru-lebi, uuflebod arian. aq, Tu ukmayo-filo xar, protestis gamoxatva SegiZlia, iq ki aseTi ram ar arsebobs...

galSi, Cvens sofelSi, axalgazrdebi ki arian, magram arafers ar akeTeben. maTi saqme mxolod gazafxulzea, roca yanaSi unda imuSaon. sxva dros araferi saqme ara aqvT da faqtobrivad an unda dalion an raRaca jandaba narkotikiT unda gaer-Ton. raRacnairad, cxovrebis cud piro-bebSi arian. araferi gasarTobi ara aqvT. iCagrebian, erT adgilze arian Caketi-lebi da Tan bevri axalgazrda Tanatoli

ar hyavT. dajdebian, karts iTamaSeben, magram amas yovelTvis xom ver gaakeTeb? mere an unda dalion an planiT da janda-biT gaerTon... aqvT mere an kuWis an RviZ-lis problema. erTs Zalian bevri dale-visagan kuWi gauskda, sxvebs RviZli aqvT saSinel mdgomareobaSi da dRiTidRe uaresdeba maTi cxovreba.

gansxvavebaa isaa, rom aqauri - zugdidSi mcxovrebi axalgazrdebis umravlesoba cdilobs, an dasaqmdes, an iswavlos sadme, an elementarulad Tavisi fizikuri an gonebrivi SesaZleblobebi gamoavlinos. raRacas cdiloben, meti SesaZleblo-bebic aqvT. iqauri axalgazrdebi yvela-fers moklebuli arian. dRes ra vWamo, xval riTi vikvebo da morCa, meti araferi maTTvis ar arsebobs. jaris gamoc pro-blemebi aqvT. Tumca, roca jarSi wavlen, maT iq cudad ar eqcevian da ar Cagraven. piriqiT, Tu erTxel im jarSi waxvedi, mere iq aravin gerCis...

magram me ar mindoda afxazebisTvis mem-saxura, radgan erTi saxelmwifos SigniT erTi jari unda arsebobdes, magram afxazi Tavis Tavs respublikas uwodebs. imaT rom emsaxurebi, aqeT, saqarTvelos kanonmde-bloba ar gaRiarebs, aqeT namsaxurebs ki is ar aRiarebs da asea. me qarTveli kaci var da saqarTveloSi yofna mirCevnia, vidre afx-azeTSi samsaxuris Semdeg qarTulma kanon-mdeblobam da qarTvelebma ar maRiaron. amitom ar minda afxazebis jarSi wasvla.

`gaWirvebam gvaswavla cxovreba~

Cveni mSoblebi ityvian, Cven rac gvi-naxavs, imas mainc moswrebodiTo, Cvenma mSoblebma ician kargi cxovrebis gemo, mSvidobian droSi cxovrebis mniSvneloba,

37

Cven ki bavSvobis wlebidan tanjva-wameba gvaxsovs, mere ukve aq, am cud pirobebSi varT. devnilTa umravlesobas mxolod aseT kompaqtur dasaxlebebTan aqvs kav-Siri. SeiZleba im axalgazrdis mSobeli ufro mets Sromobdes da wvalobdes, rom Tavis Svils cota daexmaros, magram man Cvens asakSi gacilebiT meti naxa, vidre Cven. Cven gaWirveba viciT da gaWirvebam gvaswavla cxovreba. magram SeiZleba Cven, amden gaWirvebananaxma, gamowrTobilma xalxma ukeT vicodeT, Tu ra da rogor gavakeToT, samomavlo perspeqtivas gansxvavebulad vsaxavdeT, magram kargi cxovrebis gemo mainc ar viciT...

me rom iq, galSi vyofiliyavi da kargi pirobebi mqonoda, omi rom ar momxdariyo, SesaZlebelia, Cemgan sul sxvanairi pirovneba gamosuliyo. me xatvis, simR-eris niWi mqonda. saxsrebi ki ar gamaCnda, rom xatvis an simReris kursebze, Tundac, gitaraze mevlo. sakmaod didi niWi iyo CemSi, magram es daiCagra, ar ganviTarda, radgan mecadineobis saTanado pirobebi ar mqonda...

„Sevecdebi, rom cxovreba ukeTesobisken Sevcvalo~

albaT, yvela adamiani cdilobs, rom uke-Tes pirobebSi cxovrobdes, sadRac fexi rom moikidos. rac dro gadis, miT ufro vfiqrob, rogor unda Seicvalos Cemi cxovreba ukeTesobisken? ra unda gava-keTo, ra unda Sevcvalo? ar minda, mTeli Cemi cxovreba iseT pirobebSi gavataro, rogorSic axla vcxovrob. mec minda, rom kargad vcxovrobde, Tundac, manqaniT viaro da Tundac davojaxde, momavalze vifiqro...

ras Sevcvlidi da, upirveles yovlisa, aqaurobas davtovebdi. iseT adgilze dav-saxldebodi, sadac normalurad cxov-rebas SevZlebdi. normalur pirobebSi viarsebebdi. mSvidad da normalurad rom icxovro, nervebi gWirdeba, me ki nervebi moSlili maqvs. bevrjer miTqvams, oRond aq, am kompaqtur centrSi ar viyo da sadme sxvagan CemTvis martoc viqnebodi. sae-rTo sacxovrebelia da, mogwons Tu ara, mainc aris xmauri. Zalian minda, sxvagan vcxovrobde, vmuSaobde, normalurad vcxovrobde, magram jerjerobiT bevrs ver movTxov sakuTar Tavs, momavali win maqvs da Sevecdebi, rom cxovreba ukeTe-sobisken Sevcvalo.

me movaleobebi maqvs sakuTari Tavisa da ojaxis wevrebis mimarT. Cemi yoveldRiuri movaleoba is aris, rom jer erTi, saswav-lebelSi wavide, mere kidev is, rom wyali Semovitano dReSi, vTqvaT, 20 vedro... amas me vakeTeb. saerTod, umravles ojaxebSi Semomtani qalia. arian mamakacebic, magram umetesad _ qalebia. vinc saxlSia, diasax-lisis movaleobebsac iTavsebs — Svilebis movlas, Cacmas, skolaSi gaSvebas. visac ojaxSi fuli Semoaqvs, isini, ZiriTadad, bazarSi muSaoben... zogjer isec momxdara, rom aq marto me vyofilvar, yovelgvari ojaxuri saqmianoba — saxlis dasuf-Taveba, WurWlis garecxva, wylis Semot-ana, Sarvlis garecxva... Cemi gasakeTebeli yofila.

„es yvelaferi garemoebam, pirobebma Seqmna~

aq garTobis aranairi saSualeba ar aris. amis gamo, nervebze viSlebi, aq arian me-7, me-8 klaseli bavSvebi, romlebic, ZiriTa-dad, qalaqSi gaizardnen, magram metisme-

38

tad sadisturi azrebi aqvT: erTs mSvild-isari gaukeTebia, isris wverze lursmani daumagrebia. uceb davinaxe, rom es isari lekvs esrola da zurgSi moaxvedra, me-7 klaseli bavSvia, gavgiJdi, aseTi ram rogor unda Caedina?. qalaqSi gazrdili bavSvebi arian, magram araviTari gansxva-veba ar aris, tyeSi da mTebSi gazrdili bavSvebiviT iqcevian. vuTxari: Tqveni xnis rom viyavi, Tavi momwonda, gogonebs vuyu-rebdi, Tqven ki amdeni ar gesmiT-meTqi. Tu vinme nacnobTan erTad momaval gogos dainaxaven, daiwyeben saxelis daZaxebas, kivian, wivian. roca bavSvs normaluri gar-Tobis pirobebi ara aqvs, yuradReba sxva raRacaze gadaaqvs. aq bavSvebs gasarTobi ara aqvT, Tundac moedani rom miscen, sul sxvanairad ganviTardebodnen. aq faqto-brivad erT ezoSi arian Caketilebi da, rac dro gadis, sul ufro tyiurdebian.

ukeTesi pirobebi rom hqondeT, sadRac sxvaganac rom dadiodnen, davuSvaT, same-cadinod qalaqSi an sportze, sxva bav-SvebTanac rom hqondeT urTierToba, Sei-Zleba sxva kuTxiT ganviTardnen. aq erT-maneTis mets veravis xedaven, Caketilebi arian am ezoSi. skolaSi midian da modian. bevri iqac ar dadis da Caketilad cxov-robs. elementaruli burTic ara aqvT gasarTobad da amitomac joxebisgan mSvild-isrebs amzadeben da papuasebiviT izrdebian. Tumca, mTlad bavSvebis brali ar aris, daCagrulebi arian. verc mosTxov sxvanairad moqcevas. es yvelaferi gare-moebam, pirobebma Seqmna...

„es bavSvebi saqarTvelos istoriis Ses-wavlas iTxoven ~

iq, galSi, swavlis mxriv kidev ufro uaresi mdgomareobaa, Tundac programis Tval-sazrisiT. aq sakonsultacio centrSi dadian bavSvebi. xolo vinc afxazeTSi swavlobs, isini amboben, rom saqarTvelos istoria ar viciTo. ganaTlebis saminis-trodan rom modian da bavSvebs ekiTxebian, ra moswonT, ra ar moswonT da a.S. maSin es bavSvebi iTxoven saqarTvelos isto-riis Seswavlas. rogori wigni gindaTo, rom hkiTxes, nebismieri, sadac SegveZ-leba saqarTvelos istoriis Sesaxeb cota raRac gavigoTo. imis miuxedavad, rom afxazeTSi vcxovrobT, qarTvelebi varT da saqarTvelos elementaruli istoria ar viciTo, raRac warmodgena mainc xom unda gvqondeso.

urTierTobis mxriv, aqauri bavSvebi ufro ganviTarebuli arian. iqaurebi ki skolidan saxlSi midian, saxlidan skolaSi da morCa. faqtobrivad, igive pirobebSi arian, rogorc zemoxsenebuli, mSvild-isars gamodevnebuli bavSvebi. aqauri skola da bavSvebi ganviTarebuli arian, iq ki damoukideblad azrovnebis unaric ara aqvT. aqauri bavSvi xan iq, xan aq, xan treningze moxvdeba da gonebri-vad ganviTarebisa da damoukideblad azrovnebis ufro meti Sansi aqvs, iq ki skolis programa stereotipebiT aris datvirTuli. bavSvi iqidan rom gamodis, imas damoukideblad azrovneba da raRaca diskusiaSi monawileoba Zalian uWirs. isini daCagrulebi arian am mxriv.

39

`CemSi ufro metad dardia~

me, TviTon, bavSvobaSi sul omTan, afxazeTTan mqonda Sexeba da erTxel jariskaci davxate. sofelSi afxazebi SemoiWrnen, albaT imitom, rom rame moe-paraT an waeRoT. Cven mezoblis saxlSi viyaviT, am dros CvenTan Sesulan da raRa-ceebi gamoutaniaT. kedelze Cemi naxati exata _ jariskaci, da raRac miuweriaT afxazurad, dResac ar vici, ras niSnavs is sityvebi...

bavSvobidan aqamde, mTelma am movlenebma Cemze Zalian imoqmeda. zogjer axal-gazrdoba rom ikribeba, erTad gamodis, mec mxia ruli, Zalian megobruli vxdebi, magram marto rom vrCebi, zedmetad serio-zulad gamoviyurebi. daTrgunuli var da mgonia, rom Cems asakTan SedarebiT, ufro seriozuli var. CemSi ki ufro metad dar-dia...

albaT, udardeli da uzrunveli bavSvoba davkarge, da es Cems cxovrebaSi mwvave mogonebad darCa...

40

41

engurdaleuli1 23 wlis biWia, romelic afxazeTidan devnilia da cxovrobs zugdidSi, naqiraveb binaSi. misi mSoblebSi amJamad afx-azeTSi, galis raionis erT-erT sofelSi cxovroben. engurdaleu-lis istoriaSi moTxrobilia konfliqtis zonaSi dabrunebuli ojax-ebis yoveldRiuri yofa, adamianis uflebebis darRvevisa da Cagvris faqtebi, iqauri kriminaluri situacia. igi mogviTxrobs, Tu ra rTu-lia misTvis gayofil ojaxSi cxovreba, rodesac mSoblebi galSi arian, Tavad ki — konfliqtis zonis gareT.

istoriis nawili Cawerili iyo megrul enaze, qarTulad gadaiTargmna gaSifvris dros.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

engurdaleuli

`CemTvis, saerTod, yvelaferi daingra...~

Cemi erTi dRe, nebismieri sxva adamianis msgavsad, Cveulebriv, ase iwyeba — gaTen-deba, avdgebi, visauzmeb, gaval qalaqSi. Tu raRaca samuSaoa, vmuSaob, Tu arada, an Zmakacs vnaxav, an Seyvarebuls Sevxvdebi, aseTi raRaceebiT gamyavs dro saRamomde. mere isev vbrundebi da gansakuTrebuli araferi xdeba.

garToba, mokled rom vTqva, CvenTan ar arsebobs, garToba ar hqvia, CvenTan rac aris, imas. normalurad, civilizebulad kacma rom sadme dro gaataros da kargad gaerTos, aseTi ram CvenTan ar aris.

gadaadgilebas da konfliqts Cems cxovrebaSi Zalian didi adgili uka-via. afxazeTis konfliqtamde, ojaxuri konfliqtis niadagze Cemi mSoblebi da Sorebuli iyvnen. Tanac me erTaderTi Svili var. ramxela tragediaa es bavS-visTvis, uzarmazari, eniT aRuwereli. Tu

ar gangicdia, verc gaigeb. amas daemata gadaadgileba da, saerTod, CemTvis yve-laferi daingra. es konfliqti CemTvis katastrofa iyo.

ar vicodi, es yvelaferi ra SedegiT das-ruldeboda, raRac saSiSroeba rom arse-bobda, vgrZnobdi, magram amas Tu aseTi saSineli Sedegebi mohyveboda, im dros es ar gamiazrebia. me 10 wlis viyavi maSin. omis mimdinareoba maxsovs. isic maxsovs, rom xalxi masobrivad gadmodioda aqeT – konfliqts-gareTa zonaSi.

„gadmosvlis procesi~

gadmosvlis procesi... manqaniT movediT sazRvramde-enguris xidamde, magram sazRva ri daketili aRmoCnda. Semov-liTi gzebic iyo, sadac didi traqtorebi idga, traqtorebs xalxi gadahyavda, da max sovs, rom Cvenc im traqtoriT gad-movediT zugdidSi. mere zogi naTesavTan midioda, zogic cariel SenobaSi Sedioda sacxovreblad. Cven naTesavebTan viyaviT.

42

naTesavebi ojaxis wevrebiviT, Zalian Tbilad, gveqceodnen, rac hqondaT, imas gvinawilebdnen.

aseTi SemTxveva maxsendeba: im ojaxSi zustad 40 kaci davmsxdarvarT sadilze. mindorSi gavSlidiT did magidas, rad-gan adgili yvelas ar hyofnida. maspinZ-lebs rac hqondaT, suliT da guliT gvi-nawilebdnen. warmoidgineT, 40 kaci erT ojaxSi, erT saxlSi vcxovrobdiT. mar-Tlac, umaRles doneze migviRes.

`Cemi momavali aqeTaa, iq aranairi perspeqtiva ar aris~

ojaxSi samni varT: me, mamaCemi da deda-Cemi. me aqeT gamoRma var-zugdidSi. isini ki afxazeTSi arian. zogjer mec davdivar iqiT. mizezi imisa, rom me aqeT vcxovrob da Cemi mSoblebi iqiT, is aris, rom Cemi moma-

vali aqeTaa, iq aranairi perspeqtiva ar

aris. meore

faqtori _ me jaris asakis var, SeiZleba afxazebma damiWiron da iqiT wamiyvanon. Tanac, bavSvobidan aq gavizarde, skola aq davamTavre, aqaurobas SeveCvie.

afxazeTSi xSirad davdivar, Tu situa-cia gamwvavebuli araa da SedarebiT simS-videa, maSin sakmaod xSirad davdivar.

„pirveli gadasvla...~

maxsovs pirveli gadasvla. mamaCemma da bebiaCemma wamiyvanes, merve klasSi viyavi. SemovliTi gziT mivdiodiT da aseTi ram moxda: me da mamaCemi ferdobze mivdio-diT. mamaCemma xeli gadmomxvia. me vkiTxe: mamiko, axla afxazebma rom dagvinaxon, ras izam-meTqi? warmoidgine, mamaCemma xumro-biT mipasuxa - ras vizam da yurs movaWri da jibeSi Cavidebo. hoda, uceb ori nabijic ar gadagvedga, rom aRmarTi damTavrda, da ras vxedavT- ori manqaniT afxazebi dganan. ra reaqcia gveqneboda? _ gaviyi-neT raRacnairad, TiTqos viRacam civi wyali gadagvasxa. etyoba, Cveni saubari

maT ar gaugiaT da ubralod gamar-joba _ gagimarjos, sad midixarTo,

gvkiTxes. mamaCemma uTxra, sadac mivdiodiT da gavagrZeleT gza. Sin rom mivediT, saxli mTlianad gapartaxebuli dagvxvda, yvela-feri waeRoT. maxsovs, im dResve

davbrundiT aqeT.

„wyalSi daxrCobas gadavurCi...~

gadasvlas risks ukavSirdeba. Tu dami-Wires, afxazeTis de-faqto mTavroba jarSi mikravs Tavs da ori weli iq unda gavataro. dezertirobis, gamoqcevis Sem-TxvevaSi, ojaxs dawiokeba ar ascdeba.

erTxel aseTi SemTxvevac moxda: Semov-

B S a v iz R v a gali

zugdidi

afxazeTi

B S a v iz R v a gali

zugdidi

afxazeTi

43

liTi gzebiT mindoda wasvla da engurze gadasvla, magram mdinare adidebuli damxvda. Ggazafxuli iyo, rodesac mTebSi Tovli dneba da enguri diddeba. marto viyavi. trasidan sami kilometria enguris am gadasasvlelamde. mdinare adidebuli iyo, magram ukan dabruneba damezara, vifiqre, rac iqneba, iqneba-meTqi...

warmoidgine, roca amden manZils gaivli, meore napirze Sens saxls xedav da isev ukan unda dabrunde, raRac cudia... hoda, vifiqre, gadaval-meTqi. imis imedi mqonda, rom gadavcuravdi. Sevedi wyalSi, magram ver gavcure. daaxloebiT sami metri iqne-boda wylis simaRle... samasi metri maTria wyalma, raRac kunZulamde Zlivs mivaRwie. avedi da daviwye yvirili, miSveleT-meTqi. mezoblebma gaiges da mTeli sofeli Seg-rovda. oTxi saaTis ganmavlobaSi viyavi am kunZulze. Tovda. zustad maxsovs, eqvsi marti iyo. oTxi saaTis ganmavlobaSi viyavi sveli tansacmliT, wyalSi daxr-Cobas gadavurCi, magram kinaRam yinvam momiRo bolo. vinc daminaxa, isini Turme darbodnen saSvelad, magram veravin ver bedavda mosvlas. afxazebs zeviT, Cvens sofelSi Stabi aqvT. am Stabis ufrosisT-vis - afxazisTvis daurekavT. man didi traqtori moiyvana da mdinaridan imiT gamomiyvanes. aseTi ram SememTxva am gad-asvlis dros.

`mama dabrunda, imitom rom... rame SeenarCunebina~

afxazeTis dakargvidan daaxloebiT sami Tvis Semdeg. mamaCemi iqiT dabrunda, rom saxli ar dazianebuliyo an rame SeenarCu-nebina.

orjer iyo aseTi SemTxveva, rom movid-

nen afxazebi da unda moeklaT, kedelTan miayenes da mere isev afxazebma SeuSales erTmaneTs xeli. ar moklao, uTqvams erTs meorisaTvis da erTmaneTisTvis autexavT Cxubi. maSin rom tyvia gavarda, is axlac amCnevia Cems saxls. is tyvia mamaCemisT-vis iyo gankuTvnili, magram RvTis wyalo-biT, meore afxazma aartya iaraRs da tyvia zeviT, saxlis meore sarTuls moxvda. aseTi uamravi magaliTi kidev SemiZlia giTxraT.

nel-nela gaSinaurdnen afxazebi Cvens sofelSi... iyo aseTi SemTxveva, saxlSi mosulan CvenTan da mamaCems uTqvams, arc Tqvenze naklebi meomari var da arc Tqvenze naklebi msrolelio. maSin afxazs miucia avtomati da uTqvams, esrole rame samiznes da vnaxavT, rogori msroleli xaro. Cveni ezos WiSkars qveviT rkinis curclebi aqvs da imas esrola Turme mamaCemma erTi tyvia. Semdeg dauqadnia -natyviaridan erTi asanTis kolofis radiusSi meore tyviasac movartyamo. afxazebs uTqvamT, ver SeZleb, radgan avtomati arasodes gWeriao. isev gamourT-mevia mamaCems avtomati da zustad im natyviars Soris, xuT santimetrze meti ar iqneboda daSoreba, mourtyams. axlac amCnevia es natyviari Cems WiSkars.

„iq dro gaCerebulia...~

Zalian menatreba Cemi sofeli, yovelT-vis menatreba. magram axla rom miTxran, iq mudmivad icxovreo, amaze namdvilad ar davTanxmdebi, radgan iq saimiso pirobebi ar aris, rom Seni momavali moZebno.

iq dro gaCerebulia, umoZrao xanaa, regresis garda, progresi ar SeiniS-neba. axalgazrdas sakuTari WiSkridan

44

gasvlis eSinia, rom vinmem ar daiWiros. fi nansuri saxsrebi ar aris, bizness ver aawyob, ganaTlebis pirobebi ar aris. erTi sityviT, araferi ar arsebobs. axalgazr-disTvis mudmivad cxovrebis pirobebi amJamad iq -afxazeTSi ar aris.

„yvelaze didi bedniereba~

CemTvis bednierebaa Cemi mSoblebis da axloblebis kargad yofna. Kkidev is, rom ra patar-patara miznebic maqvs, avis-rulo. mere yvelaze didi bedniereba Cveni qveynis gamTlianeba iqneba, da rom am qveyanaSi yvelam bednierad icxovros. ai, maSin bednieri viqnebi. CemTvis albaT mTavari bedniereba isic iqneba, rom Cems SeyvarebulTan ise avawyo urTierToba, rogorc me maqvs Cafiqrebuli. Cven ara-nairi uTanxmoeba ar gvaqvs. erTmaneTze vgiJdebiT, magram ubralod cxovreba ar gvaZlevs erTad yofnis saSualebas da es CvenTvis - orivesTvis didi tragediaa... Cemi Seyvarebuli devnilobis mere gavi-cani aq.

Seyvarebulis mSoblebma mianiSnes imaze, rom me devnili var. .Cven ar gvinda afx-azeTidan iyos Cveni sasiZoo, aSkarad ar uTqvamT, magram igrZnoboda... ubralod mainc arsebobs stereotipebi, rom afxa-zeTidan devnilebi da aqaurebi gansx-vavdebian mentalitetiT, magram me amas marTebulad ar miviCnev.

`erTi adgilidan meoreSi...miwevda adaptacia~

sakmaod kargad maxsovs Cemi bavSvoba, rogor davdiodi soxumSi, oCamCireSi, max-sovs zRva, mSoblebs rom davyavdi zRvaze. agreTve, Cemi skolis amxanagebi. TiTze

CamosaTvlelia albaT iseTi adamiani, vinc CemsaviT erTi skolidan meoreSi gadarboda. Svidi skola gamovicvale. ara mgonia, aseTi rekordi vinmem moxsnas.

devnilobis dros xSiri adgilmonacv-leoba bavSvisTvis travmaa. CemTvisac ase iyo. sadac Cavdiodi, erTi adgili-dan meoreSi, iq Tavidan miwevda adapta-cia - sacxovrebel pirobebTan, skolas-Tan. adaptacia ki, Cemi azriT, yovelTvis uaryofiTi procesia, ramac, garkveul-wilad, cxovreba amiria. SeuZlebelia, myarad raRaca mizani daisaxo, roca erTi sacxovrebeli adgili ar gaqvs da yovel-dRe imas fiqrob, rom aqedan unda aibargo da sxvagan gadaxvide.

`gansxvaveba Cvensa da imaT Taobas Soris~

yvela TaobaSi SeiZleba plusebis da minusebis moZebna. Cemi mSoblebis TaobaSi plusi is iyo, rom maT ar uwevdaT fiqri imaze, `rogor gadavrCeT~, magram, me mgoni, isini ufro SezRudulebi iyvnen im avadsaxsenebeli sabWoTa wyobis gamo. Cven ufro Tavisuflebi varT, magram materi-alurad naklebad uzrunvelyofilebi, mgoni, es aris gansxvaveba Cvensa da imaT Taobas Soris.

`axla depresiis sawinaaRmdego imuniteti maqvs~

bavSvobaSi aseTi problemebi ar arse-bobda. ar iyo konfliqti, omi, ngreva, ufro mxiaruleba iyo. bavSvobaSi ufro sxva TvaliT uyurebs adamiani cxovrebas da misTvis sul cotac ki sakmarisia, rom Tavi ubednieres adamianad igrZnos. mozr-dili adamiani ki aTas raRacaze fiqrobs.

45

es aris gansxvaveba bavSvobasa da dRevan-delobas Soris.

universitetSi rom Caviricxe da vswav-lobdi, ratomRac iseTi warmodgena mqonda, rom davamTavrebdi Tu ara, raRac uzrunveli momavali da kariera garan-tirebuli meqneboda. magram rogorc ki davamTavre swavla, uceb ufskrulis winaSe aRmovCndi. TiTqos dasrulda garkveuli periodi. Cems win didi kiTxvis niSani gaCnda _ ra unda vakeTo? samwuxarod, maSin am kiTxvaze pasuxi ar mqonda. erTi periodi depresia dameufla. vfiqrobdi, ra meSveleba, sad wavide-meTqi? es kiTxva Zalian mawuxebda. mere amas TandaTanobiT SeveCvie da axla ukve depresiis sawinaaRm-dego imuniteti gamomimuSavda.

`uamravi ram davkarge~

uamravi ram davkarge. Ddavkarge is, rom saxlSi da sofelSi normalurad ver dav-divar. davkarge ukeTesi momavlis per-speqtiva. rom ara gadaadgileba, SeiZleba ufro warmatebuli vyofiliyavi, es prob-lemebi ar meqneboda da imitom. darwmu-nebuli var, gacilebiT mets mivaRwevdi cxovrebaSi, ara marto me, nebismieri ada-miani ukeTesad icxovrebda. mxolod Cemi ojaxisaTvis ki ara, bevri ojaxisTvis gadaadgileba damangreveli aRmoCnda.

warmoidgineT ojaxebi, sadac arcerTi wevri ar muSaobs. aranairi ekonomiuri pirobebi ar arsebobs, rom momavali uzrunvelyo. mTel dReebs atareb imis fiqrSi, ra moimoqmedo xvalindeli dRis-Tvis. Aadamiani fiqrobs imaze, rom Svils raRaca miurbeninos da mSieri ar dato-vos. nebismier mSobels unda, rom Tavis Svils kargi pirobebi hqondes. mSobli-

saTvis didi tragediaa, Tu Svili ise ver aris, rogorc mas unda.

`Cvens sakuTar qveyanaSi devnilebi aRmovCndiT ~

Cems cxovrebaSi rTuli iyo is, rom jer erTi, mSoblebi erTmaneTs daSord-nen, mere is, rom Cvens sakuTar qveyanaSi aRmovCndiT devnilebi. ver vityvi, rom am tkivils gavumklavdi, jer kidev vera. ra vici, adamiani iseTi arsebaa, yvelafers egueba, magram bolomde mainc ver Seve-gue. zogjer Cemi sulieri mdgomareoba iseTia, rom vifiqreb, neta, axla mkvdari vyofiliyavi-meTqi. Aamis mizezi uperspeq-tivo cxovrebaa.

`afxazebs me Cemi sazogadoebis nawilad miviCnev~

me vityodi, rom konfliqts Tavisi dade-biTi mxareebic aqvs, magram am SemTxvevaSi, cota gaZnelda dadebiTi mxareebis aRmo-Cena. afxazebs me Cemi sazogadoebis nawilad miviCnev. Cven erTi qveynis nawili da erTi sazogadoeba varT. es sazogadoeba orad gaixliCa da or dapirispirebul banakad iqca. TxuTmeti welia ukve ase gaxleCili varT da qveyana Tavze dagvengra. am konfli-qtis gareSe gacilebiT ukeT vicxovrebdiT da ufro metis Sansi gveqneboda momavalSi.

bolos aRdgoma afxazeTSi aRvniSneT. vinc aqeT aris Cemi samezoblo, sanaTesao gad-mosuli, iqauri afxazi mezoblebi... yvela erTad SevikribeT.… maSin jarSi gawvevis sezoni ar iyo. SevikribeT aRdgoma dRes erTad, SevagroveT saWmel-sasmeli, rac SegveZlo, bolomde movilxineT da vimxi-aruleT. ase vTqvaT, iqauri nostalgia cotaTi mainc gaviqarveT.

46

`...mSvidoba, romelic oms sjobia~

Cvens ojaxs aqvs afxazebTan kontaqti, romelic vertikalur urTierTobe-bzea damyarebuli anu batonisa da ymis ur TierTobis msgavsad. Cven iZuleb-uli varT, Tavis gadarCenis mizniT, maT velaqucoT, rom cudad ar mogveqcnen. afxazeTSi iseTi situaciaa, rom ar arse-bobs kanoni an kanonis damcavi struqtura. yvela TavisTvis uberavs da, rogorc unda, ise daTareSobs. erTi sityviT, mafiozuri sistemaa. amJamad aris vasaluri, monuri, damamcirebeli urTierToba. Tumca adre ufro mwvave periodi iyo. axla ar aris iseTi viTareba Seqmnili, rom xalxi masob-rivad daazianon an moklan. winandelTan SedarebiT axla ufro stabilurobaa, magram es aris mSvidoba, romelic oms sjobia.

„modiT, vicxovroT erTad...~

afxazebs vetyodi imas, rom modiT, vicxo-vroT erTad! modiT, vicxovroT erTad da momeci xeli!

sxvaTaSoris, amaze erT istorias mogi-yvebiT. aq, zugdidSi, axalgazrdebma sainiciativo jgufi SevqmeniT. Ggvqonda idea, am proeqtiT Tbilisidan afxazeTis sazRvramde, enguris xidamde Sekruliyo cocxali jaWvi. cota didi manZilia da xalxis raodenobas ver SevkrebdiT, amis gamo, es manZili SevamokleT da gadavwy-viteT, zugdididan afxazeTis sazRvra-mde cocxali jaWvis gakeTeba. gvindoda, prezidentisTvis migvemarTa da es idea saqveynod gagvexmianebina. ar vici, ratom, magram es idea ver ganxorcielda. arada, es iqneboda mesiji afxazebisTvis, rogorc zemoT giTxari: `momeci xeli, vicxovroT

erTad!~

me afxazebTan gamovricxavdi katego-riul tons, romelic gvaqvs erTmaneTis mimarT. davamyarebdi pirdapir kontaqts saSualo fenasTan da, viRaceebis Caurev-lad, `vai politikosebis~ miznebisa da amocanebis gareSe, gavmarTavdi maTTan dialogs. ubralo xalxTan davamyarebdi kontaqts, ubralo xalxi ufro gaugebs erTmaneTs. Cemi ocnebaa, rom saqarTvelo iyos mTliani da am saqarTveloSi yvela bednierad cxovrobdes .

`es ori sxvadasxva samyaroa~

xdeba aseTi ramec, aqedan afxazeTSi rom gadavdivarT, iq macxovrebeli axal-gazrdebi gveubnebian, rom zugdidelebi movidneno.

amis gamo, me da Cems naTesav biWs konfliq-tic ki mogvivida: sufrasTan viyaviT, zugdidelebio, Cvenze Tqves. SevewinaaRm-degeT, ratom zugdidelebi, Cvenc xom aq - afxazeTSi davibadeT da aqaurebi varT, ratom unda moemarTaT ase? albaT, raRac mizezi aqvs amas — ar vici, ra. igive situa-ciaa aqac. aqeT roca varT, maSin galelebs gveZaxian. raRac gaorebulebi varT... es xSirad xdeba, bevrisgan gamigia.

iq darCenilebsa da devnilebs Soris gan-sxvavebaa. es ori sxvadasxva samyaroa. erTia samyaro, romelSic iq darCenilebi cxovroben, Seguebulni iqaur wesebs. isini, zogadad, cxovrebasTan ufro monuri damokidebulebiT gamoirCevian. xolo aqeT vinc aris, ufro raRacnairi meamboxeebi arian, iqidan gamomdinare, rom aq meti Tavisuflebaa. ai, es gansx-vaveba SeiniSneba aqeT gadmosulebsa da iq darCenilebs Soris.

47

`iq eTnikuri niSniT adamianebs ganasxvaveben~

me imas vityodi, rom jer ar gamigia, galSi vinmes adamianis uflebebi daecvas. iq ubralod ar arsebobs imis pirobebi, rom Seni uflebebis darRvevis gamo viRa-casTan iCivlo. aq ki SeiZleba ukanonod dagiWiron an sxva ram, magram SegiZlia advokatTan mixvide, romelic gaerkveva situaciaSi da dagexmareba. iq arc advokati arsebobs, arc saTanado struq-turebi, rom sadme ganacxado. iq mcx-ovrebi adamianebic saerTod ar fiqroben TavianTi uflebebis dacvaze.

advokati romc arsebobdes, ara mgo-nia qarTvelis ufleba daicvas. me ar vici aseTi magaliTi. iq eTnikuri niSniT ganasxvaveben adamianebs. Cveni, qarTuli mosaxleoba vasaliviT aris da dabali fenis warmomadgenlad miiCneven. cota uxeSi sityvaa, magram kasturi damokide-bulebaa, iq roca xar afxazi, ufro maRal safexurze dgaxar.

uamravi Cagvris faqticaa. galis masSta-biT, Cemi gamocdilebiT vici, xidze gadas-vlisas, raRacas qilikoben, erTi sityviT, rac moundebaT, imas geubnebian da gka-dreben.

aseTi SemTxveva minda mogiTxroT. gamwva-vebuli iyo situacia. miT umetes, roca jaris asakis adamiani xar, afxazebis agre-sia gansakuTrebiT matulobs. afxazeTi-dan gadmovdiodi da marto dabadebis mow-moba mqonda. sabuTebi rom mTxoves, daba-debis mowmoba vaCvene. afxazma mesazRvrem almacerad Semomxeda da mkiTxa: erov-nebiT vin xaro?? davfiqrdi. amaT rom vuTxra, qarTveli var, asprocentiani vici, Sars momdeben da SeiZleba damaka-

von-meTqi. CavTvale, rom jobda meTqva, TiTqosda, megreli viyavi. Tu megreli xar, cota gansxvavebuli damokidebuleba aqvT. megrelebTan ufro tolerantu-lebi arian, vidre qarTvelebTan. mere am afxazma mesazRvrem Semomxeda, momca es Cemi dabadebis mowmoba da kai, kaio, iro-niulad gaicina da gamomiSva aqeT.

am SemTxvevaSi Tavi laCrad vigrZeni, magram meore mxriv, me ar SemeZlo raimes Tqma Cemi erovnebis gamo. mTeli gza aqeTo-bisas - zugdidisken momavali vfiqrobdi: ra sjobda, meTqva, rom qarTveli viyavi Tu is, rac vuTxari? magram ra vici, im situaciaSi sjobda isev is meTqva, rac vTqvi. magram, Cemda Tavad, sindisi meub-neboda, rom marTali ar viyavi.

`kidev erTi Cagvris istoria.. ~

kidev erTi Cagvris istoria gamaxsenda. Cveulebrivi saRamo iyo, mTeli ojaxi visxediT Sin, televizors vuyurebdiT. Uuecrad, ukana karidan braxuni gaisma. mamaCemi adga da kari gaaRo. me wina oTaxSi viyavi da ver davinaxe, ukan ra xdeboda. xmaurze, Sua kari gavaRe, vxedav, rom mamaCems avtomatis kondaxi Caartyes. uceb azrze ver movedi, ra xdeboda, Turme dagvayaCaRes. kondaxis Cartymis Semdeg, sawyali kaci waiqca, mere vnaxe, rom kbilebic Camtvreuli hqonda. uceb wina karic gaiRo da iqidan ori `maskiani~ adamiani Semovida. eseni dedaCems ecnen. Semdeg meore oTaxSi Semoixeda erTma, raRacnaiad, instinqturad xelebi avwie. erTi momiaxlovda, uceb wamebSi, wixli Camartya. es yvelaferi wamis measedSi moxda. Cavikece da, simarTle giTxraT, ise vRelavdi, rom kargad arc maxsovs, ra rogor moxda.

48

fuli, oqrouloba da Zvirfaseuloba - yvelaferi mogvTxoves. sawyali deda-Cemi aayenes skamidan, erTma marwuxi gam-oitana ukana oTaxidan, dedaCems oqros kbili hqonda, da daemuqra, kbilebs dagaZrobo. kbilebs dagaZrobo -es axla saTqmelad advilia, magram roca dedas, mSobels, gamzrdels viRaca amas etyvis, rogor guneba-ganwyobilebaze iqnebi?... kbils aZroben imis gamo, rom is oqrosia. es raRac warmoudgeneli Soki iyo CemT-vis... warmoidgineT, amis Semyure me da mamaCems ra dagvemarTeboda, roca qmari da Svili giyurebs da viRaca kbils gaZ-robs? Amanam de Cven gagvkoWes da taxtze migvyares.

niRbianebi oTxni iyvnen. xolo gareT ram-deni iyo, ar vici. mere erT-erTi RvTis-nieri aRmoCnda, ar vici, rogor gamovx-ato im adamianis mimarT madliereba. imas-meores, visac es marwuxi ekava, gamoarTva. saerTod, yvelas lmobierad gveqceoda. am momentSi CvenTan erTi kviriT iyo Camo-suli Cemi biZaSvili, 12 wlis gogo. gulis mankiT iyo daavadebuli. Mmere, da ara am Tavdasxmis dros, gardamecvala es biZaS-vili. warmoidgineT, 12 wlis gogos da Tan gulis mankiT daavadebuls, ra dae-marTeboda `maskianebis~ danaxvaze. gulis Sete va daemarTa. sami operacia hqonda mag droisaTvis ukve gakeTebuli.

im pirovnebas, vinc es marwuxi gamoarTva meore afxazs, dedaCemma uTxra, bavSvi cudad aris, gulis Seteva aqvso. auxsna, rom gulis manki hqonda. iman aseTi raRaca gaakeTa: adga, gavida, WiqiT wyali Semou-tana am bavSvs da mofereba dauwyo - yve-laferi kargad iqneba, Cven male wavalTo. bavSvic damSvidda raRacnaiarad.

Cven vuTxariT, rom fuli da qoneba ar gvqonda. arada, rogori momentia? ara gaqvs da iTxoven. ara-da, gklaven imis gamo, rom ara gaqvs fuli. egonaT, rom vmalavdiT da iZulebiT gamovitandiT. amis gamo Cemi mSoblebis winaSe amayenes, maisuri gamxades da magidaze damawvines. amasobaSi, meore yaCaRma meore oTaxidan uTo gamoitana, CarTo da Cemi dauToeba undodaT. dgaxar SiSveli da uTos gad-ebs viRaca, warmoidgine, rogori jalaTi unda iyos?

me ar vici, albaT amiT undodaT Cemi mSoblebi aeZulebinaT, rom fuli moetanaT. mere darwmundnen, rom marTla ar gvqonda fuli da gviTxres, rom Cven aq, gareT vidgebiTo naxevari saaTis gan-mavlobaSi da Tqven ar gamoxvideT, Torem yvelas dagxocavTo, da gavidnen. raRa-ceebi Seagroves. cota fuli, erTi oqros beWedi, televizori, tansacmeli - aseTi raRaceebi waiRes da wavidnen.

im Rames, marTla naxevari saaTiT, Tavi gareT ar gamogviyvia. meore diliT gavi-geT, rom meore sofelSi gadasulan, iqac viRaca dauyaCaRebiaT da visac Tavs daesx-nen, qarTveli yofila, ugrZvnia yaCaRe-bis misvla da karebis Caketva mouswria. saxlSi orluliani Tofi hqonia. rogorc ki erTi yaCaRi Semovardnila, pirdapir dauxalia TvalebSi. ki ar momkvdara, mara mere gavigeT, rom Tvalebi dauzianda. mere afxazebsac sapasuxod usvriaT. es TavianTi daWrili yaCaRi gauyvaniaT. im kacs, saxlis patrons, tyvia moxvedria ybaSi. Tumca, isic gadarCa.

amis Semdeg, ar vici, rogor moxda, am saqmeSi galis policia Caeria... amaze ar SeiZleboda ukve Tvalis daxuWva. erTi

49

daWrili saavadmyofoSi waiyvanes, meore kidev daiWires. sul oTxni iyvnen. eg for-maloba iyo. erTi kvira ijda Turme da mere gauSves. Cveni saxlidan rom gaitanes televizori, Turme galis miliciaSi uyurebdnen. mere, vinc iyo CvenTan StabSi, afxazebma gviTxres, wadiT da Tqveni televizori wamoiReTo, magram mamaCemma Tavi Seikava, isini rom ar gabrazebuli-yvnen da amis gamo SevatoveT.

daWeris Semdeg gairkva, rom afxazebi iyvnen. es maT saubarze da intonaciazec etyobodaT. uamravi aseTi magaliTia da ara erTi. iq ojaxebi orjer-samjer arian dayaCaRebuli.

`adamiani...imediT cxovrobs~

rac unda moxdes, mainc optimisti var. yvelafris miuxedavad, rac cxovre-baSi gadamitania, imedi maqvs, rom Cven-Tan pirobebi Seiqmneba, niWieri adamiani dafasdeba, rom man Tavisi SromiT war-matebas miaRwios. kidev imis imedi maqvs, rom Cemi qveyana iseTi gaxdeba, rom Cemi Tavis realizacia SevZleb. adamiani yov-elTvis imediT cxovrobs.

CemTvis warmateba is iyo, rom vinc me miy-vars, isic gamomityda siyvarulSi. es iyo CemTvis yvelaze didi bedniereba da, amave dros, warmatebac, me mivaRwie imas, rom im adamians Tavi Sevayvare.

sazogadoebas vetyodi, rom Cveni prob-lemebiT dainteresdnen da dagvexmaron, Tu ramiT SeuZliaT. agreTve, mivmarTavdi maT, rom Cven, xumrobiT rom vTqvaT, `bananis qveyana~ ara varT. sakmaod Zlieri potencialis mqone niWieri xalxi varT da iTanamSromlon CvenTan.

50

51

inga 38 wlisaa. is afxazia, meuRle ki qarTveli hyavs. isini oTx Svils zrdian. ukve 15 welia, rac ojaxi, romelic omamde afxa-zeTSi, oCamCiris raionSi cxovrobda, devnilobaSia... ingasa da misi ojaxis istoria saomari periodis siZneleebze da probleme-bzea, imaze, Tu ra Zneli iyo axal adgilze damkvidreba da puris fulis mopoveba. inga saubrobs nostalgiaze, Tu rogor enatreba mSobliuri saxli, rogor dardobs moxuc mSoblebze, romlebic iq darCnen, da romlebsac Zalian iSviaTad xedavs. es istoria mogviTxrobs mravalSviliani oajaxis yoveldRiur problemebze – mudmivad samuSaos Zebnaze, fulis naklebobaze, SiSze, ar dakar-gon sacxovrebeli… adgili..

istoria Cawerilia rusul enaze.

inga

„es yvelaferi omis bralia...~

afxazeTSi davibade. oCamCiris raionSi, sofel gvadaSi vcxovrobdi. Zalian bed-nieri bavSvoba mqonda – arc problema, arc raime sazrunavi ar mawuxebda. pro-blemebi mogvianebiT Semeqna – maSin, roca omi daiwyo.

Cems meuRles, Cems beds, Cemsave raionSi Sevxvdi, Tumca is sxva, mezobeli sofli-dan – koCaradan iyo. me TviTon afxazi var, colad ki qarTvels gavyevi. Cvens SeuRlebas aravin SewinaaRmdegebia. imis gamo, rom Cemi momavali meuRle qarTveli iyo, problema ar gamCenia. maSin es aravis aRelvebda. es mere omma gamoiwvia... yvela-feri omis bralia...

erTmaneTi Segviyvarda da davqorwindiT. Cems meuRles didi da kargi ojaxi hqonda – sami Zma, ori da da ded-mama iyvnen. Mmama omis dros, 1992 wlis dekemberSi mog-vikles...

axla oTx Svils vzrdi. sami gogona afx-azeTSi SemeZina, biWi ki aq – TbilisSi.

me giambobT omis dros gadatanil gaWirve-baze, rogor vSoulobdiT purs. omis dros me da Cems meuRles sami bavSviT mogviwia Cveni saxlis datoveba. yovel eqvs TveSi Wers vicvlidiT – xan erT naTesavTan vcx-ovrobdiT, xan – meoresTan. Zalian Zneli iyo ase cxovreba.

Cveni araferi ar gvebada. Cvens naTesave-bsac ar hqondaT didi Semosavali, saku-Tari meurneobis xarjze cxovrobdnen. am dros, uecrad Cven davatydiT Tavs…. . . patara bavSvebiT – maSin isini ori, sami da oTxi wlisani iyvnen... jer martvilSi amovyaviT Tavi. ECemi mamamTilis samSob-loa. kviraSi erTxel foTSi mivdiodiT puris sayidlad: upurod ver gavZleb-diT, bavSvebis gamosakvebi sxva saWmeli ar gvqonda. magram puric xom deficiti iyo. Zalian Zneli iyo puris Sovna. Dda maSin

52

r u s e T i

T u r q e T i

S a v iz R v a

s o m x e T i A a z e r b a i j a n i

samxreT oseTi

gali

martvili

Tbilisi

afxazeTi

r u s e T i

T u r q e T i

S a v iz R v a

s o m x e T i A a z e r b a i j a n i

samxreT oseTi

gali

martvili

Tbilisi

afxazeTi

53

me da Cemma qmarma gadavwviteT xorbali gveyida. viyideT, movitaneT, davsxediT, gadavarCieT - brinjs rom varCevT ise, xeliT. waviReT wisqvilSi da davfqviT. ra saSineli xorbali iyo – naxSiriviT Savi! is, rac im fqvilisgan cxveboda, Rumeli-dan rom amoviRebdiT, mxolod maSin, cxeli, SeiZleboda gveWama. odnavac rom gacivdeboda, iseTi magari xdeboda, rom SeuZlebeli iyo CakbeCa. xorbali xom Zalian uxarisxo iyo, magramM gvixaroda, es mainc rom viSoveT. mTeli Tve Cemi bavSvebi am purs Wamdnen. ufros gogonas, romelic maSin oTxi wlis iyo, muceli astkivda – bavSvis organizms uWirda aseTi sakvebis moneleba. mere simindis fqvili viSoveT da vurevdiT puris fqvilTan, ekonomias veweodiT, dro gagvyavda, vcdilobdiT, rom fqvili met xans gvyofnoda. mere ki yveliT daviwye vaWroba...

„…puris sayidlad, mTeli Rame rigSi unda gageTenebina…~

sofel banZaSi kviraSi erTxel bazroba imarTeboda. ori saaTis ganmavlobaSi unda mogeswro saqonlis yidva da sxva sofelSi gadagetana, rom iq ufro Zvirad gageyida da SvilebisaTvis rame geSova. hoda, me vyidulobdi 50 kilogram yvels, mere amas ufro Zvirad vyiddi da, rac mrCeboda, im fuliT CemebisTvis purs vSoulobdi. puris sayidlad, foTSi, puris qarxanasTan, rigSi mTeli Rame unda gageTenebina. puris qarxanaSi mamamTilis naTesavi muSaobda – is ukana karidan miS-vebda xolme. 30-40 purs vyidulobdi. mar-tos mimqonda 40 puri, zurgiT mivaTrevdi. aba, ra meqna? sami Svili, rZali, mazli, saxlis patronebi, romlebmac Segvifares – 12 suli am purs elodeboda. tomaraSi

vinaxavdiT, orTqlze vatarebdiT da ase vaZlevdiT bavSvebs saWmelad.

„Cveni cxovreba advili ara aris `

axla vcxovrobT vaSlijvarSi, kole-qtiur centrSi. Cven, iZulebiT gada-adgilebuli pirebi, aq 200-250 ojaxze naklebi ar varT. Senoba didia. kargi, keTili mezoblebi gvyavs, yvela erTma-neTs exmareba. arc omis dros, arc omis Semdeg aravis ugrZnobinebia CemTvis, rom afxazi var. SeiZleba, me gamimarTla, rom kargi mezoblebi Semxvda?

Cveni cxovreba advili ara aris. TiTqmis yvela – umuSevaria, mudmivi stresis qveS vcxovrobT, gveSinia, rom gamogvasaxle-ben. ar viciT, ra mogvelis. xom xedavT, sxvagan ra xdeba, yvela aseTi sacxovre-blidan devnilebs asaxleben. CvenTan oficialuri pirebi jer ar gamoCenilan, Tumca privatizaciaze ukve laparakoben. adamianebs eSiniaT, rom moatyueben, rom yalb dokumentebs miscemen... da msgavsi raRaceebis. jerjerobiT, investoric ar gamoCenila. Tu gamoCndeba, SeiZleba, bolos da bolos, raime gairkves. axla ki, ar viciT, aqedan gamogvasaxleben, dagvto-veben Tu kompensacias mogvcemen? mTava-ria, im fuliT, rasac mogvcemen, raimes yidva movaswroT. maxsovs, TbilisSi rom gadmovediT, 3-4 aTas dolarad SeiZle-boda binis yidva. axla ki fasebi ise gai-zarda, rom 7 aTasadac ver SeiZen. rasac Cveulebriv investorebi sTavazoben dev-nilebs, SeuZlebelia imiT ramis yidva. verafers ver iyidi. oTxi Svilis deda var, ojaxSi eqvsni varT, rogor vicxovroT eqvsma sulma erT oTaxSi? da, saerTodac: 7 aTasad SevZlebT binis yidvas?

54

„ sul danakargi da danakargi …~

me arsad ar vmuSaob, meuRle dadis samsaxu rSi dRegamoSvebiT, TveSi 15 dRes, yvelani mis xelfasze vcxovrobT. saku-Tari saqmis dawyebas vcdilobdiT. gavx-snidiT jixurs, 3-4 Tve vimuSavebdiT, dagvxuravdnen, aq vaWroba ar SeiZlebao... yovel jerze `mkvdari,” ganerviuleb-uli modis meuRle Sin, yovelTvis raRac xels gviSlis. ase, sul danakargi da dan-akargi, imedi ar gvaqvs, rom stabiluri Semosavali gveqneba.

„…sul imaze vocnebob, rom davbrundeT~

me dediserTa var, Cemi mSoblebi iq, afxa-zeTSi, martoni darCnen.. me ki aq vcxo-vrob, TbilisSi, xolo fiqrebiT iq var, sul iqiT ken mimiwevs guli, sul meCveneba: ai, axla daiwyeba dabruneba da me isev Cems saxlSi viqnebi. dRis ganmavlobaSi bevri saqme maqvs, saocnebod ar mcalia, RamiT ki – vfiqrob mxolod warsulze, sul imaze vocnebob, rom davbrundeT... zafxulSi, rogorc ki saSualeba momecema, CemebTan mivdivar, xan ramdenime dRiT, xan erTi TviT, rodis rogor momixerxdeba. Cems bavSvebsac uyvarT CemTan erTad iq Casvla. mSvenieri urTierToba aqvT Tavis Tanato-lebTan afxazeTSi. araviTari daZabuloba ar arsebobs naTesavebTan urTierTobaSi, mxolod siTbo da siyvarulia. Cveni afxazi naTesavebi sul gveubnebian: CamodiT, darCiTo. magram Cven jer ar SegviZlia iq sacxovreblad gadasvla. is ki Zalian mixa-ria, rom Cemi Svilebi TandaTan ufro da ufro uaxlovdebian Cems naTesavebs, erT-maneTis mimarT kargi damokidebulebiT gamoirCevian, miwer-mowera aqvT, urekaven erTmaneTs – telefoniT urTierToben.

„bavSvebis gamo vuZleb am yvelafers~

Cemi Svilebi skolaSi TbilisSi wavid-nen. ufrosma ukve daamTavra da insti-tutSi Caabara, meore kurszea. meore qaliSvilma ramdenime dRis win daamTavra skola, isic umaRlesi saswavlebelSi aba-rebs, mesame gogona meTerTmete klasSi gadavida. umcrosi biWi ki jer pataraa, sami wlisaa, sabavSvo baRSi dadis. bavS-vebi gaizardnen, sul ufro meti da meti sWirdebaT. yvelaferSi fuli unda gada-ixado – ganaTleba, magaliTad, Zalian Zviri jdeba. da kidev, oTxi bavSvi xom unda SevinaxoT da gamovkveboT, CavacvaT _ tansacmeli da fexsacmeli. ar vici, ase ramden xans gavZlebT. Tavidan, TbilisSi rom CamovediT, ra Tqma unda, Zalian gvi-Wirda, magram raRacnairad Zala movikri-beT, fexze dadgoma SevZeliT. Zalian bevr rames vaswrebdi, magram dro gadioda da mere isev yvelaferi ingreoda – samsaxurs vkargavdi, ojaxur bizness ver vawyob-diT... yvelafers isev Tavidan viwyebdiT. me dResac imave situaciaSi var, rogorc omis damTavrebis Semdeg – araferi ara maqvs! xandaxan nervebi mimtyunebs, meCve-neba, rom Zala aRar Semwevs. magram bavSve-bis gamo vuZleb am yvelafers.

„bevr rameze vocnebob~

me bevr rameze vocnebob: mTavaria, rom Cemi bavSvebi janmrTelni, bednierebi iyvnen da ukeTesi momavali hqondeT. es yvela qalis ocnebaa – misi ojaxis bed-niereba da keTildReoba. kidev vocne-bob mudmiv da stabilur samsaxurze, rom yoveli dRe ar iwyebodes fiqriT imaze, sad wavide, sad vipovo samuSao. me mgonia, Tu es ocneba amixdeba, yvela problema TandaTan mogvardeba. yvelaze mTavari

55

ki – mSvidobaa, oRond omi nu iqneba, rom qalebi-dedebi aRar itanjebodnen, rom aRarasdros aRar gaacilon Svilebi omSi da aRar naxon sakuTari Svilebis ube-dureba. me minda, rom es ocneba msoflios yvela qals auxdes – me amas vusurveb maT. maSin yvela siZnelis gadatana SeiZleba. ai, Cven – ramdeni ram gadavitaneT. me kidev bevri ram maqvs mosayoli. magram meti aRar SemiZlia, Zalian vnerviulob...

56

57

55 wlis Temuri1 iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli piria afxazeTis sofeli zemo barRebidan. amJamad Temuri qalaq foTSi, kompaq-turi dasaxlebis centrSi cxovrobs. misi istoria gajerebulia mogonebebiT omamde, sabWoTa periodis cxovrebaze da uSualod konfliqtze. igi, rogorc meomari, SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi monawileobda. Temuris istoriaSi moTxrobilia devnilobaSi gatarebuli cxovreba da masTan dakavSirebuli problemebi.

istoria Cawerilia qarTul enaze.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

Temuri

`eTnikuri problemebi maSin ar arsebobda~

davibade 1952 wels sofel zemo barRebSi glexis ojaxSi, aT wlamde deda myavda, jaridan dabrunebuls mama ar damxvda... Zmebi, rZlebi myavda, vizrdebodi oja-xSi, sxvebis msgavsad, vcxovrobdiT im atmosferoSi, rac maSin, sabWoTa kavSi-ris periodSi iyo gamefebuli. TiTqos aravin iyo ukmayofilo, yvelas gvqonda normaluri cxovrebis pirobebi... eTni-kuri problemebi maSin ar arsebobda. yve-lani — Zmebi, debi, erTi ojaxis Svilebi viyaviT, vemsaxurebodiT erT saqmes da am saqmeSi raRacnairad marTlebi, gulwrfe-lebi viyaviT. es ase unda yofiliyo, gvje-roda yvelas.

yvelaze tkbili mogoneba im periods ukavSirdeba, roca ojaxSi vcxovrobdi... maSin Zma da ojaxi raRacnairi ganuyreli urTierToba iyo, TiTqos yvelani erTad viyaviT. Zma iyo Zma, magram im SemTxvevaSi, Tu Zma iyo ufrosi, is ukve mamas utol-

deboda... misi neba-survilis winaaRmdeg ver waxvidodi... unda dagejerebina, rom man meti icoda, misi darigeba yovelTvis swori iyo. amaSi eWvs, marTlac, Znelad Seitandi. gagebiT, SegnebiT aRiqvamdi am yvelafers... es raRacnair pirobebs qmnida imisTvis, rom TviTkmayofili, TviTda-jerebuli yofiliyavi da cxovreba mTli-anobaSi normalurad warmogedgina.

maSin yvelaferi ise iyo awyobili, rom ojaxs marto ojaxis Tavi ki ara, saxelm-wifoc marTavda, rac gamixateboda imaSi, rom ojaxis yvela wevrma icoda, ra unda ekeTebina. rodesac diliT adgeboda, ra dros sad unda yofiliyo, amas marto ojaxi ki ara, saxelmwifoc wyvetda.

aucilebeli iyo mamakacis samuSaod gasv la, dasaqmebas mniSvneloba ar hqonda. ojaxis diasaxlisi valdebuli iyo oja-xisTvis moevlo. diliT gaekeTebina, rac gasakeTebeli iyo, mere aucileblad kol-meurneobaSi an samsaxurSi wasuliyo...

58

S a v iz R v a

f o T i

zemo barRebi

afxazeTi

S a v iz R v a

f o T i

zemo barRebi

afxazeTi

59

`erT ideologiaze gazrdili xalxi advili samarTavi aRmoCnda~

winaaRmdegobis gancda komunisturi reJi-mis winaaRmdeg yovelTvis arsebobda. imi-tom, rom axalgazrduli suli, rogorc ityvian, meamboxea. zogjer, raRacaSi daeTanxmebi viRacas, zogjer_ vera. Ees winaaRmdegoba SeiZleba gamxdariyo imis safuZveli, rom mTeli gvari eris moRala-ted gamoecxadebinaT. arada, iyo momentebi, roca eris gadarCenisTvis Tavs gadadebdi... aseTi momentebi iyo: ormocdaTeqvsmeti weli, 9 aprili... yovelTvis iyo raRaca, rac awuxebda xalxs...

dRes vxedavT... rogor daupirispires sxvadasxva eTnikuri warmoSobis xalxi erTmaneTs. dRes gamoCnda, rom es yvela-feri Cvenda sazianod moimoqmedes. magram erTi periodi ase ar migvaCnda... ase rom, garkveul periodSi, SeiZleba kacma ver aRiqvas an ver gaigos raRaca, mere ki mixv-des, da axla, dRes SeiZleba Cven ufro mets vxedavdeT Cveni warsulis Sesaxeb...

konfliqtebs vgulisxmob. saerTod, eTni-kuri konfliqtebs mTeli kavSiris masSta-biT. maSin sabWoTa kavSiri iyo... aseTi eTni-kuri konfliqtebi yofili sabWoTa kavSi-ris teritoriaze Zalian bevria... magali-Tad, moldaveTi, baltiispireTis qveynebi, ukraina, saqarTvelo da, ra vici, gindac, somxeTi da azerbaijani aiReT... rogorc Cans, erT ideologiaze gazrdili xalxi Zalian advili samarTavia. erTi wveTi sak-marisi aRmoCnda, rom eTnikur niadagze dapirispirebuliyvnen ...

am yvelafers Tavidan ver aRviqvamdiT, radgan im ideologiiT viyaviT aRzrdi-lebi, rom Cven Zmebi, megobrebi varT...xolo viRacam rom Tqva, Tqven Zmebi ki ara,

mtrebi xarTo, es ise uceb gaRvivda, rom ase Teslic ki ver aRmocendeba sasur-vel niadagSi... roca mivxvdiT, es dauSve-beli iyo da ar unda gagvekeTebina, gviani aRmoCnda. ukve gadametebuli gvqonda...

`es... ZmaTa kvla iyo~

es omi ZmaTa kvla iyo... amis gaxsenebac da masze laparakic mimZims... amaze adamianma adamianebis ki ara, RvTis winaSe unda ila-parakos... RmerTi mimtevebelia, da adami-ans iseT saqcielsac apatiebs, romelsac igi sxvas ver apatiebda... adamianma RmerT-Tan unda ilaparakos, rom es epatios.

maxsovs, merab kostavas ilorSi mosvla, gamovida da Tqva: ̀ araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar SeiZleba Cveni CarTva am procesSi, imitom rom es aris ZmaTamkvleli omis dasawyisi.~ maSin aseTi manqana iyo, `krazs~ eZaxdnen, da imis frTaze Semdgari laparakobda, me am moments Seveswari...

rogorc ki saSualeba mogveca, oCamCireSi gadavedi, vinaidan iq naTesavebi myavdnen, da misvlisTanave imaT ojaxSi ori afxazi, megreli, qarTveli da rusi erTad davi-naxe. nards TamaSobdnen... es iyo RaliZgas xididan daaxloebiT sam-oTx kilometrSi, qalaqis centridan moSorebiT, romelsac maSin oCamCireSi mecxre raions eZaxd-nen. mivedi da RmerTma acxonos, daiRupa, tarzani movikiTxe: rogor xarT-meTqi? ratom, ra xdebao? biWo, ager xocaven erTmaneTs-meTqi. wadi Tu Zma xar, sule-lebi erTmaneTs xocaven, CvenTan ra saqme aqvTo. es iyo misi pasuxi.

`SevcdiT, albaT...~

iqidan gamobrunebuli, igive xalxma, vinc iqiT gamatara, aqeT aRar gamomiSves... yve-

60

las Tavisi azri hqonda maSin, da yvelam Taviseburad gaigo yvelaferi... aqeTa, anu saqarTvelos mxares idga naRdad patri-oti xalxi... qali, kaci, gogo, biWi, mox-uci, axalgazrda. roca es patriotizmi da suliskveTeba meore mxarem_ afxa-zebma dainaxes, oTxmocdaTormet wlamde swored aman SeaCera es yvelaferi. rasac geubnebi, oTxmocdacxra wlis ambavi iyo. ra vici, SevcdiT, albaT. Cven SevcdiT. vgulisxmob imas, rom mec eTnikuri qarT-veli var. igive afxazi, osi, megreli, aWareli, raWveli, kaxeli, qarTleli, yvelani SevcdiT. amaze wamovegeT... Cven- yvela erTad ver davdeqiT iq, sadac unda vmdgariyaviT. mTeli saqarTvelo erTad unda vyofiliyaviT, afxazi megrelis gverdiT, afxazi da megreli imerelis gverdiT, imereli, afxazi da megreli qarTlelis gverdiT ... magram es Zalian saSiSi iyo imdroindeli imperiisTvis_sabWoTa kavSirisTvis... rogorc dRes aris saSiSi. oRond dRes imdenad daquc-macebulebi varT da imdeni mtroba daTe-ses erTmaneTSi, rom amis aRdgenas dro dasWirdeba. romc aRdges, ar iqneba maSin-deliviT mtkice.

maSin afxazebma moiTxoves, rom gamogveyo afxazeTi, magram imxela simtkice da Tanadgoma aRmogvaCnda erTmaneTis mimarT, msoflios mesamedis mpyrobel imperias SeeSinda qarTvelTa erTad yof-nisa da Tanadgomisa, da gaCerdnen.

`separatizmi yovelTvis iyo... erSi~

axla iZaxian, separatisti, separatistio. separatizmi yovelTvis iyo da aris erSi... SesaZlebelia adamianma erTi wigni wai-kiTxos da egonos, rom am wignzea agebuli mTeli istoria. arada, albaT es istoriac

rom iwereba, masSic aris is nelmoqmedi naRmi Cadebuli, roca dasWirdeba viRa-cas asamoqmedeblad... aba, ras niSnavda, roca politikuri moZraobis liderebi 1990-ian wlebSi werdnen, rom ̀ saqarTvelo qarTvelebs~... dRes ki weren, saqarTvelo qarTvelebs ki ara, saqarTvelo — yvela eTnikur warmomadgenels. romeli yofila marTali, `saqarTvelo qarTvelebs~ Tu saqarTvelo yvela im warmomadgenels, romlis winaprebsac saqarTvelo dRemde xeliT moutaniaT?... separatizmi yvelgan da yovelTvis iyo...

roca sinagoga da eklesia erTmaneTis pirispir dgas, ratom unda vilapara-koT imaze, rom erTi adamiani qristiania, meore ki mahmadiani... CemTvis, yvelaferi is, rac am konfliqtebis periodSi moxda, mtkivneulia... im periodSi, omis dros me wuTiTac ar SemeZlo imis gafiqreba, rom es dadgmuli speqtakli iyo, yvelas iseTi warmodgena gvqonda, iq unda gadawyvetil-iyo am konfliqtis ambavi.

1998 wels samxedro SenaerTSi vmsaxu-robdi, saerTod, me partizani arasdros vyofilvar, TviTneburad arsad wavsul-var. yovelTvis viyavi saxelmwifo daqvem-debarebaSi, iseT struqturaSi, romelsac saxelmwifo marTavda. konfliqtis xelax-ali eskalaciis dros, 1998 wlis maisis movlenebidan oTxi TviT adre, zugdidSi viyaviT, vakontrolebdiT, egreT wode-bul, engurispira administraciul saz-Rvars afxazeTsa da saqarTvelos Soris da vimyofebodiT anakliaSi. meTaurTan erTad manqaniT movdiodiT anakliidan, am dros erTmaneTs raciiT vukavSird-ebodiT. enguris erT-erT gadasasvlelze atyda srola... ramdenad seriozuli iyo, ar viciT...

61

im adgilidan, sadac srola atyda, asako-vanma qalma gvTxova damgzavreba... maSin transporti Zalian Wirda, ar dadioda, Cven mainc orni mivdiodiT, me da mZRoli. amitom es qali manqanaSi CavisviT. iara-Rianebi rom dagvinaxa, daiwyo laparaki, damoZRvra... mec miveci saubris saSu-aleba... ambobda, rom iaraRi saWiro araa, rom iaraRi mkvlelobis saSualebaa... me SevekiTxe, qalbatono, marTla Tu iciT am iarRis daniSnuleba, romelic axla xelSi gviWiravs-meTqi? kio, es momkvdinebeliao, avuxseni, am iaraRs meore daniSnulebac aqvs da Cven amas dacvisTvis viyenebT-meTqi. RmerTma gamarjveba mogceTo, gviTxra bolos... ici, ratom vixseneb am yvelafers? zogma iaraRi sul sxva mizniT gamoiyena, zogma ki sul sxvaTi... am kon-fliqtis mizezi isic aris, rom iaraRi yve-lam ver gamoiyena im daniSnulebisamebr, risTvisac saWiro iyo..

`omma yvela sakmarisad daazarala~

nuravis nu hgonia, rom afxazebi gaxare-bulebi iyvnen am konfliqtiT da es yve-laferi am sixarulis gamo mogvivida. vkiT xoT iqiTa mxaresac. hkiTxeT afxazs... Cvenze naklebad ar arian egeni daCagru-lebi da Cvenze naklebi ziani ar miuRiaT... omma yvela sakmarisad daazarala. gaaC-nia, vin rogor fiqrobs, rogor aRiqvams, vis SeuZlia miteveba da vis eyofa patie-bisTvis nebisyofa da inteleqti, rom is danaSauli apatios adamians, rac Caidines afxazebis, afxazeTSi mcxovrebi qarTve-lebis, Tundac rusebis mimarTac.

afxazeTSi erTi sofeli iyo, estonkas eZaxdnen, radgan ZiriTadad estonelebi cxovrobdnen. maT raRa daaSaves_ afxa-zebs SeebrZolnen Tu qarTvelebs? xom

ar SebrZolebian arc imaT da arc amaT? ratom arian gandevnilebi afxazeTidan? ikiTxa vinmem? warmoidgineT, estoneTSi ltolvili estoneli kaci, oRond afx-azeTidan, saqarTvelodan...

„ver veguebodi iaraRis aRebasa da brZolas~

ustkaminogorskSi viyavi im dros da tele-vizorSi gamoacxades, rom saqarTvelosa da afxazeTs Soris omi daiwyo. gekiTxebi, rogori warmosadgeni iqneboda CemTvis afxazeTsa da saqarTvelos Soris omi?... maSin ar iyo imdeni komunikacia, rom erT-maneTs davkavSirebodiT. gavige, rac xde-boda da wamovedi, Cems saxlSi davbrundi. gamocxadda mobilizacia, magram iseTi situacia iyo, zogi midioda, zogi ara. Cems ZmiSvils saqarTvelos jaridan mou-vida uwyeba, rom unda wasuliyo soxumSi sabrZolvelad... magram ZmiSvilis magiv-rad Cemi Zma wavida, Svili rogor gavwi-roo. Tavidan ver vwyvetdi omSi wasvlas afxazebsa da qarTvelebs Soris urTier-Tobisa da siyvarulis gamo. raRacnairad, mainc ver veguebodi iaraRis aRebasa da brZolas. amitom cota xani gavCerdi.

qalaqSi viyaviT gasuli da uecrad movida kaci da Segvexvewa, saswrafod sisxlia saWiro da saavadmyofoSi wamomyeviTo. vin ityoda sisxlis gacemaze uars, omianobis dros, Tumca, axla konfliqts eZaxian. rac ginda uwode, xalxi kvdeba, daWrilebi arian saavadmyofoSi. sisxli unda gagveRo yvelas da wavediT... 14-15 wlis gogonebi moiyvanes rekadan, bavSvebi gaupatiure-buli da fexmZimeebi iyvnen, mSobiaroba ar SeeZloT da maTTvis sisxls iTxovdnen... amis Semdeg gadavwyvite omSi wasvla...

62

maSin galSic iyo Camoyalibebuli SenaerTi, oCamCireSic, tyvarCelSic, magram radgan gadavwyvite wasvla, iq wavedi, sadac Cemi Zma iyo. ar vici, ratom, magram SenaerTSi yvelas gaukvirda Cemi Casvla. sxvaTaSoris, sadac me viyavi, im SenaerTSi, Cven imdenad sworad vudge-bodiT sakiTxs, rom Cveni zedmeti saxeli iyo `gali.~ albaT mova dro da amas vinme moigonebs da Tavis saxels Searqmevs. Tu Cvens Sesaxeb saubari gaiJRerebda - „gali~ ase moixseniebdnen.

ra vici, es ubedureba saerTod ar minda gasaxseneblad. ara mgonia, Cemze da Cems gvarze metad vinme dazaralebuliyo am omSi... Cems ojaxs, am konfliqtidan, TiTqmis yvela Taobis adamiani daaklda: moxuci, axalgazrda, bavSvi, patara, Cvili. isini cocxlad dawves, mokles da dawves... Zalian Znelia am yvelafris gaxseneba.

„mkvlelebTan Sexvedraze minda movyve...~

mkvlelebTan Sexvedraze minda movyve. omis dros sxvadasxva danayofi erTmane-Tisgan ori-sami kilometriT iyo daSore-buli, da ase asrulebda operaciebs... erT-erTi jgufi daxmarebas iTxovda... radgan daWrilebi, mkvdrebi, tyveebi hyavdaT unda gamoeyvanaT... yvelaze axlos maTTan Cveni danayofi iyo, da CaverTeT am situa-ciaSi... ukve amboben, rom ничего страшного, ukve gamovdivarTo da, marTlac, Cven-gan oras metrSi yofilan, da gamovidnen. zogi daWrili iyo... gavixede da davinaxe ori xelSekruli kaci_ tyveebi mohyav-daT... gamovediT samSvidobos da zustad im adgilas davdeqiT, romel ezoSic Cemi axloblebi mokles, saxlSi SeaTries da saxlTan erTad dawves. am WiSkarTan gav-

CerdiT. tyve, romelzec eWvobdnen, rom monawileobda Cemi axloblebis mkvlelo-baSi, da romelic xelSekruli ijda, Seme-coda, rogorc adamiani da Wrilobebis gasawmendad mivawode wyali, spirti, rad-gan nacemi iyo.

roca adamians uWirs da exmarebian, raRac mxardaWeras, Tanadgomas grZnobs albaT. man albaT ifiqra, mxars miWerso da avye-viT erTmaneTs saubarSi. me vuTxari, biWo, ra gindaT, ras modixarT, xom iciT, rom aq ubedurebis meti araferi iqneba-meTqi... ra vqna, col-Svili mikvdeba mSierio. biWo, mec mikvdeba col-Svili mSieri, mara varT sadRac sasikvdileTSi da Tu movdivar, ar movdivar imaze, razec Sen modixar-meTqi. vgulisxmobdi Zarcvas. sxvaTaSoris, maSin maT dayaCaRebuli Txili mihqondaT...

SevyeviT saubars da vuTxari, biWo, Cven ki gasayrelebi viyaviT, uZlurebi vyo-filvarT da gagvyareT, ki batono, magram am saxlebs ras wvavdiT? xom Tqveni iyo -meTqi? me ar damiwvia, iq mkvdari rom aris, iman dawvao... kargi-meTqi, jandabas, Sen ar dagiwvia. is moxucebi ratom moka-liT, am ezoSi, orni rom mokaliT-meTqi? me ar momiklavs, rusma moklao. mokled iq gairkva, rom misi mokluli ar iyo.

ra vici, Suris maZiebeli rom vyofiliyavi, iaraRs vesrodi... biWebma rom gaiges, es kaci mkvlelobaSi eWvmitanili iyo... gaus-wordio, meubnebodnen. Mmagram vera, ver SevZeli. mere is saxelmwifom _ saqarT-velos maSindelma samxedro sasamarTlom gaasamarTla da daxvrita. sxvaTaSoris, daxvretis win vukiTxivar. es maSin gavige, rodesac im StabSi mivedi, sadac daxv-rites, zogierT seiris mayurebels amnis-tiam ver mouswroo. me magisTvis amnistia

63

ver viqnebodi, magram mainc damenana, rom daxvrites.

„damTavrdes es konfliqti da Cven isev is xalxi viqnebiT...~

ramdenjer SevxvedrivarT meomar biWebs afxazebis iniciativiT, Cveni ki ara, swo-red imaTi iniciativiT. ramdenjer gad-mosulan aqeT da erTmaneTTan gvisaubria. axla ar vici, vin rogor gaigebs Cems naTq-vams, magram me xom vici, raze iyo saubari... ambobdnen xolme, oRond damTavrdes es konfliqti da Cven isev is xalxi viqnebiTo. erTma-me taqsze davjdebi, meorem- me Cems manqanaze, mesamem_me Cemi specialobiT vimuSaveb, Cven saerTos isev movZebniTo. iyo aseTi saubrebi. mere es xalxi, vinc CvenTan dadioda molaparakebaze, dai-Rupa... imaT- darCenilma afxazebma - ician, rom es araa Cveni namoqmedari da es yvela-feri TviTon imaTi mxridan moxda...

yvelaferi es maZlevs imeds, vifiqro da mwamdes, rom ar arsebobs sxva gza, Cven SevrigdebiT. erTi wamiTac ar minda vifiqro, magram Tundac afxazeTi gamo-eyos saqarTvelos, Cemi survilia, ar SeuerTdes ruseTs. gaxdes damoukide-beli saxelmwifo, da Tu afxazeTs saqarT-velosTan yofna ar uweria, maSin RmerTma qnas, rom damoukidebeli iyos. damoukide-belic rom iyos afxazeTi, rac naklebad mjera, yvelaze ufro axlo mezobluri da naTesauri kavSiri mainc saqarTvelosTan eqneba. ginda afxazi uZaxe, ginda TaTari, ginda Turqi, vinc ginda uZaxe, afxazeTSi macxovrebeli da afxazeTSi dabadebuli CemTvis yvela qarTulia.

„Znelia...Sens sasaflaoze, rom ver mixval~

devniloba ar aris sasurveli. Znelia, roca sakuTar micvalebuls ver daiti-reb, roca Sens sasaflaoze ver mixval... ra vici, nostalgiaao, ityodnen da CemTvis nostalgia iyo yvelaferi, rac genatreba. axla ki vici, ra aris nostalgia. RmerTma saqarTveloSi mets aravis gamoacdevi-nos... nostalgiaa, rodesac adamians Seni ezos talaxic ki mogenatreba, talaxic...

roca Sens ojaxSi xar da yvelaferi kar-gad aris, maSin araa yvelaferi ise, Sen rogorc ginda, da gaqceulsa da dama-luls devnilobaSi, rogor SeiZleba yve-laferi rogorc ginda, ise warimarTos. ubralod, zogjer guli gwydeba imaze, rom raRacnairad ver gigeben... albaT Cemze ufro metad gauWirdeboda im kacs, vinc devnilia da saqarTveloSi ar aris. ho, Sei-Zleba metad... maZRaric iyos, meti saSveli gaaCndes, magram, mainc saqarTveloSi araa. me Tu menatreba engurs gaRma Cemi ezo-kari, Cemi miwa, Cemi kuTxe, axla warmoidgine, kavkasiis qeds iqiT gadaxvewili, Savi zRvis meore mxares myofi adamianis gancda. me afxazeTi menatreba, imaT _ Tavi si kera, Tavisi afxazeTi da saqarTvelo. avad Tu kargad, me mainc saqarTveloSi var... da Cems enaze vlaparakob da mismenen, imitom rom esmiT Cemi da, roca laparakoben, vus-men, imitom rom mec mesmis. ramdeni xalxi wavida aqedan, ruseTSi wavidnen ise, rom rusuli ar icodnen...

„yvelas sityva `ltolvili~ miakeres~

ojaxSi Tu aris sami-oTxi kaci, ginda ori, iqac aris kargi da cudi imitom, rom yve-laferi SedarebiTia. yvelafers raRacas

64

vadarebT. rogor SeiZleba samasi aTasi gadmosuli devnili, yvela erTnairi iyos? samasi aTasi devnili wamovida, zogi mTiT, zogi bariT, zogi zugdidiT da zogi svaneTis mTebiT, zogi zRviT da zogi ra vici, haeriTac ki. Mmiakeres yvelas sityva `ltolvili.~ yvela erTnairad aRiqva saqarTvelos sazogadoebis umravlesma nawilma. `ltolvili~ TiTqos aris cudi. roca mSieri kaci kars mogadgeba an roca Sen xar mSieri, Zalian naklebad mosa-lodnelia, rom iyo kargi. Zalisxmeva da nebisyofa sWirdeba imas, rom SimSilma ar ajobos Sens inteleqts.

roca mosaxleobis umravlesobas saar-sebo saxsari ar hqonda, devnilebs saxelm-wifo daexmara. am daxmarebam adgilobri-vebSi ukmayofileba gamoiwvia. is, rom Sen devnili xar da gexmarebian, am dros me Senze uaresad var, imis miuxedavad, rom maqvs saxli, kari da Weri. Aadgilobrivi mosaxleobis ganwyoba aseTi iyo: „Sen gex-marebian da kidev wuwuneb?~ Ees, devnili, wuwunebs imaze, rom saxli ar aqvs, da is, adgilobrivi, Civis imaze, rom aqvs es yve-laferi, magram ar aqvs saWmeli.

es rTulia imdenad, ramdenadac imas Tavisi gasaWiri aqvs da Tavisas afasebs, me ki Cemi gasaWiri maqvs da Cemsas vafa-seb. romelia meti da romeli naklebi, amis gageba TviTon pirovnebas SeuZlia. amaze dawesebuli zRvari ar arsebobda. ai, aseTi iyo siZneleebi...

nebismierma qarTvelma unda icodes, ras niSnavs devnilisTvis TavSesafris micema. misce devnils TavSesafari, ar niSnavs marto logins da Wers, warmoidgine, Seni Svilis lukma unda gauyo mosul kacs.

„zugdidi... es aris devnilTa TavSesafari adgili~

zugdidi xom es devnilTa TavSesafaria. samasi aTasma adamianma gamoiara zugdidi. samasi aTasi kaci rom gadaivlis zugdi-dis qalaqis sifarTe teritorias erTi gadasvliT, iq aTi weli balaxi ver amova...

erTi ambavi unda movyve: oTxmocdaCvid-meti welia, Tbilisidan mivlinebiT zug-didSi gamiSves. iseTi situacia iyo, dev-nili zugdidels wyevlida, zugdideli devnils da iyo erTi ubedureba. qalaqSi Cavedi. Cemi Zma devnilobaSi iq cxov-robda. qalaqSi fexiT mivdiodi, maSin transporti ase gamarTulad ar moZrao-bda. dedis suls vficavar, mivdiodi da vxedavdi, xelgawvdili adamianis simaR-leze, nayofs Tavi gaanebe, foTolic ki ar iyo xeze SemorCenili. adreuli Semodgoma iyo... davinaxe adamiani, ezos patroni leRvis xesTan idga da odnav mwifesac arCevda... TbilisSi biWebi SemekiTxnen, ra xdeba zugdidSio? SeWames devnilebma zugdidi-meTqi. ratomo, mkiTxes. gzaze mivdiodi, kaci idga Tavis ezoSi da mkvaxe leRvs Wamda-meTqi. mezobelma dainaxa da gadasZaxa- biWo, jer mkvaxea es leRvio, aba, rom damwifdeba, kbilebidan ver aacli devnilebso, miugo meorem. es mere xumrobad gavrcelda...

„viRaca ver gRebulobs...~

devnilobis pirvel periodSi, pirveli ori weliwadi, zugdidelma kacma da, saer-Tod, vinc devnilebis nakadi miiRo, nor-malurad Tavis ojaxSi xexilis nayo fi ver SeWama... Sewuxda xalxi, sazogadoeba, SevwuxdiT Cvenc. roca grZnob, rom Sen viRacas awuxeb, Senc wuxdebi... ase ggonia,

65

TiTqos sazogadoebis normaluri, sru-lyofili wevri xar, magram viRacisTvis autaneli xar. viRaca ver gRebulobs ise, rogorc saWiroa. veravis daavaldebuleb, magram moralurad valdebulia sazoga-doeba, rom migviRos. Cven afxazeTidan imitom gamogvyares, rom qarTvelebi viyaviT, imitom ki ara, rom zedmetni viyaviT?... sad gaviqeciT, ruseTSi? TurqeTSi?_ saqarTveloSi. da aq rom miuRebeli gaxdebi, rTulia... ra vici. aitanos nebismierma, visac ar gausinjavs da mixvdeba.

„maqvs ufleba, vifiqro, rom keTildReobisken mivdivarT~

nebismier adamians unda hqondes RvTis wyalobis imedi. unda iyos RvTis moSiSi... sabWoTa reJimis periodSi, samocdaaTi wlis ganmavlobaSi Cven gvinergavdnen, rom RmerTi ar arsebobs, rom adamiani aris Tavisi bedis mmarTveli. saerTod, biblia sofelSi erT kacs hqonda da im bibliidan amokiTxul raRacas rom ity-oda, winaswarmetyvels eZaxdnen... roca yvelaferi es xelmisawvdomi gaxda, mive-diT im daskvnamde, rom adamiani ver war-marTavs Tavis beds, Tu ara RmerTi da Tu ara RvTis wyaloba.

ai, zustad, am RvTis wyalobiT gamoCndnen saqarTveloSi da saqarTvelos farglebs gareT damxmareebi, rom qveyanam swori politika warmarTos. vxedav, rom gark-veuli winsvla daiwyo. samsaxuri aris, rogor SeiZleba iseT qveyanaSi, rogoric saqarTveloa, romelic Zlivs fexze dgeba, pretenzia gqondes xelfasze... mTavaria, gyofnis da lukma purs ar Txoulob. Cemi ojaxisTvis sakmarisia Cveni Semosavali. imedia, raRacaze SeiZleba kidev fiqri,

rom ukeTesoba iqneba. yovel SemTxvevaSi, dRes Tu ara, raRac periodSi mainc.

SeiZleba daviRale am yvelafriT da meCve-neba, rom yvelaferi kargia, magram Tu ginda moCvenebiTic iyos... mrCeba imedi, rom yvelaferi gamoswordeba. mec daboR-mili, raRac mtrulad ganwyobili viyavi, sanam yvelafers Cavwvdi...

gaanalizebis Semdeg maqvs ufleba, vifi-qro, rom keTildReobisken mivdivarT da albaT, gamoswordeba yvelaferi.

me Tu SemiZlia ase vifiqro, me, romel-sac jiSi da jilagi, bavSvebi da moxucebi amomiwyvites... ratom ar SeuZlia ifiqros iman, vinc konfliqtis meore mxarea.

„kargi iqneboda... dialogi gvqondes...~

kargi iqneboda, rom dialogi gvqondes eraTmaneTTan. raRacnairad migvesvle-bodes erTmaneTTan. ise ki ara, rom iqidan gaxsnian gzas, aqedan daketaven, aqedan gaxsnian, iqidan daketaven. ar SeiZleba ase. aqedan wamsvleli wavides iqiT, Tu ginda darCes afxazeTSi, ra moxda ver gavige. iqidan wamomsvleli wamovides da Tu unda darCes aq, ra moxda amiT. Aai, aseT urTierTobebSi xeli ar unda SeuSa-lon sazogadoebas. afxazurs, qarTuls, saqarTveloSi macxovrebels, afxazeTSi macxovrebels. amis miuxedavad, roca vam-bob saqarTvelos, afxazeTs calke ver aRviqvam, magram dRes afxazeTs da saqarT-velos cal-calke moixsenieben...

miuSvi es xalxi erTmaneTTan salapara-kod. Taviseburad monaxon urTierTobebi, egeni awi ar arian iaraRiT molaparake xalxi. vaWari vaWarTan miuSvi... ubralod, kaci kacTan miuSvi, qali qalTan da biz-

66

nesmeni biznesmenTan. Tu is kaci afxa-zeTSi sworad awarmoebs bizness, gauSvi, ra ginda, ras erCi. Aaris SemTxvevebi, Rame kontrabandulad saidanRac traqtoriT da buqsiriT tvirTi gadmoaqvT. gauSvi es kaci, iaros Tavisuflad. gadaixados gadasaxadi da Semoitanos sigareti. ra am rusul sigarets ver movwevT? marto ger-manuli da amerikuli unda movwioT? mov-wioT rusulic, Tu es CvenTvis misaRebia. magram Semomtanma gadaixados gadasaxadi.

iqedan- afxazeTidan ufro gadmoxval, me ar vici, ar gamomicdia, magram, vinc dadis, imaTgan vici... aqedan- konfliqtis zoni-dan rom modixar... gekiTxebian, ra ginda?

ra minda da saflavi maqvs iq... naTesavi myavs, naTesavi momikvda da dasatireblad mivdivar. Aan daqorwinda naTesavi da qor-wilSi mivdivar, ar SemiZlia rom wavide? ratom maferxeb? an iqidan wamomsvlels gamogkiTxaven: „sad iyavi, ar geSinia?~ me unda meSinodes, mSvidobianad rom miv-divar da Sen ar unda geSinodes, aq rom dgaxar, imaTgan oras metrSi?... ar vici, ver gavige, rogor xdeba es. etyoba, verc gavigeb, ise movkvdebi.

„adamianebi, TiTqos Tavis kuTxeSi grZnoben Tavs...~

rogorc yvelgan, albaT, raRacis ime-diT vcxovrobT. adamianebs kompaqtur dasaxlebaSi ufro hgoniaT, TiTqos Tavis kuTxeSi arian da, ici, ratom? aq mainc yvela erTmaneTis axlobelia, yofili mezoblebi arian, saerTo adaT-wesi aqvT... ojaxs ulxins Tu uWirs, mezoblebisgan didi Tanadgomaa, SeiZleba ase ufro advi-lad asatania problemebi, vidre iq, sadac cxovrobs erTi an ori devnili ojaxi...

kompaqturi dasaxleba imiT aris kargi, rom mainc Seni kuTxis zne-CveulebiT, wesebiT, tradiciebiT arian gaerTia-nebuli adamianebi da es, ra Tqma unda, cxovrebas gimsubuqebs...

saWiroa sworad mivudgeT sakiTxs... saxelmwifo yalibdeba, TviTon saxelmwi-fos uWirs da, ra Tqma unda, devnil kacs ufro gauWirdeba... me vfiqrob da mgonia, saqalaqo Tu raionis biujeti mainc iTval-iswinebs devnilTa problemebs, imdenad, rom adgilobrivebze ufro metad devni-lebs swyalobs. me mgoni, mainc ufro pri-oriteti devnilia. yovel SemTxvevaSi, me sadac vcxovrob, ase vgrZnob da ara mgo-nia, sxvagan sxvanairad iyos... imitom rom, am xalxs ufro uWirs da met yuradRebas uTmoben. Aamis garda, aris humanitaruli daxmareba, ramdenad sworad da ramdenad keTilsindisierad nawildeba, amaze sxva dros da sxvanairad vilaparakoT. mainc, bevri raRaca keTdeba.

„ocneba dabrunebaa~

ocneba, romelic devnilobaSi minda amixdes, erTia... Cemi winaprebisgan gami-gia, ara Soreulisgan, aramed imaTgan, visac movswrebivar: Zvelad saxli rom daiwveboda, RmerTma yvelas aSoros, im saxlis namwvav adgilze, Turme kargad xarobda kvaxi... ra vici, rom davbrunde im Cems damwvar miwa-wyalze... imdeni gad-amwvari adgilia, erTi weliwadi kvaxiT gaitanda kaci Tavs. mainc albaT ocneba is aris, rom davbrunde. amaze meti ra ocneba unda mqondes...

67

„xom SegveZlo, raRac-raRaceebi dagveTmo...~

adamiani damTmobi unda iyo. damyols ar viZaxi, damyoli, Cemi gagebiT, sul sxvaa. pirovnebas unda dauTmo, magram ar unda daTmo samSoblo, qveyana, ar unda daTmo yvelaferi. davuTme da dRemde ver mipatie-bia es Cemi TavisTvis da ver mominelebia, magram, sanam dauTmobels daTmobde, daTme is, risi daTmobac SegiZlia, risi daTmobac daSvebulia cxovrebaSi. axla me uSualod ar SemeZlo am yvelafris gakeTeba, magram xom SegveZlo raRac-raRaceebi dagveTmo. ise ki ara, afxazeTis deputaciam-imdroin-delma mTavrobam rom daTmo, datova dar-bazi, gamovida da mere darCenilebma afxa-zeTis damoukidebloba aRiares. maT bolo-mde unda ebrZolaT, umciresobaSi iyvnen Tu umravlesobaSi, Tavisi sityva eTqvaT, ase unda moqceuliyvnen... ratom daTmes? aseT daTmobas ki ar vgulisxmob, aramed, aseTs: gewyina? gawyenines? daTme. rom ar mogiwios imis daTmobam, rac qveyanaze ar daiTmoba. vgulisxmob imas, rac Cven davTmeT.

Cemi SviliSvili, oboli bavSvi izrdeba. CemTvis yvelaze sasixarulo es aris.. Svili daojaxda da raRac xuT TveSi Tvi-Ton daiRupa. fexmZime meuRle darCa, meuRlem ar isurva mSoblebTan dabruneba, darCa Cvens ojaxSi, gaaCina bavSvi, biWi, romelic atarebs Cemi daRupuli Zmis Svi-lis saxels. izrdeba gonebagaxsnili biWi, da albaT ubednieresi pirovneba iqneboda, mamamisi cocxali rom yofiliyo. CemTvis gulis gamaTbobeli esaa.

Cems nafiqralze, Cems naTqvamze pasuxs vageb. saidumlo ar maqvs... saerTod, adami-ans pasuxismgeblobis ar unda geSinodes ...arc imisi merideba, rac vTqvi...

68

69

53 wlis mzia1 devnili pedagogia galidan. amJamad zugdidSi, koleqtiur centrSi, dasTan erTad cxovrobs. mzia galidan maisis movlenebis Semdeg gadmovida. igi mogviTxrobs afxazeTSi momxdar tragediebze. mzia xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi cxovrobda konfliqtis zonaSi, galSi, sadac ukiduresad daZabuli da gausa-Zlisi pirobebi iyo. igi axerxebda da Tavisi iniciativiT dReSi Tormet kilometrs gadioda marto imisaTvis, rom afxazeTSi darCenili bavSvebisaTvis saxlebSi Cumad wera-kiTxva eswav-lebina. mzia xSirad meore profesias – eqTnobas iyenebda, eqimis da samedicino momsaxurebis uqonlobis pirobebSi, pirvelad daxmarebas uwevda konfliqtis zonaSi darCenil mosaxleobas. am damsaxurebebisa da TavdadebisaTvis mas `geroinia” Searqves.

istoria Cawerilia qarTul enaze.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

mzia

`CemTvis...mtkivneulia, rom Cems miwaze...ar vcxovrob~

galel devnilTa cxovrebaSi mudmivi adg-ili ukavia gals. imitom, rom uamravi ram aris masTan dakavSirebuli da gasaxsen-ebeli. CemTvis ki yvelaze mtkivneuli is aris, rom im Cems miwaze ar vcxovrob da, umetes SemTxvevaSi, verc vaxerxeb iq gad-asvlas.

1993 wlidan 1998-is CaTvliT, galSi vcx-ovrobdi da yvelaze tragikulma wuTebma Cems Tvalwin gaielva.

axla, am yvelafers Soridan rom vuyureb, saTqmelad martiv istoriad meCveneba, magram roca gamaxsendeba, rom Cven mudmi-vad, 6-dan Ramis 12 saaTamde tyeSi viyaviT, mere RamurebiviT gamovdiodiT da yve-lani erTad, erT ojaxSi vikribebodiT, da es sofeli iyo mTlianad 13-14 kaci, saSineli gancda meufleba.

vixseneb SiSs, romelic mudmivad Tan

axlda iq darCenilTa cxovrebas, rac saso-warkveTilebas mgvris. yvelaze mtkivneuli CemTvis 27, 28, 29 seqtembris, gansakuTrebiT ki — soxumis dacemis dRis gaxsenebaa, rode-sac kolonebi masobrivad gadmodiodnen. am kolonebma Cems Tvalwin gamoiara, imitom rom isini administraciul sazRvarze_ enguris xidiT gadmodiodnen, sadac galis qveda zonis soflebia.

`me davrCi~

me davrCi. maSin sruliad gulubryvilod vfiqrobdi, rogor SeiZleba aqaurobas Sevelio-meTqi, CemTan ra undaT, ar mio-mia, araferi cudi ar gamikeTebia. ded-mama, da –yvelani aq myavs da rogor Sei-Zleba es saxli davtovo-meTqi. Tan uam-ravi afxazi megobari da nacnobi myavda. ase vfiqrobdi, magram simarTle giTxraT, mwared movtyuvdi. es omi ar iyo imaze gaTvlili, rom Cven advilad davbrunebu-liyaviT. vinc es omi Tavs mogvaxvia, da es

70

viRacas surda, imaT Cafiqrebuli hqon-daT, dakarguliyo es urTierTobebi da TviTon raRacisTvis gamoekraT xeli.

me movtyuvdi, saSineleba datrialda Cvens Tvalwin. ar vnanob, rom iq davrCi, Tundac imitom, rom erT vinmes mainc gavunaTe goneba da viRaca ar movakvlevine parti-zanebs, gind afxazebis, gind Cveni mxridan. me SevZeli, viRacis mainc_Tundac Cemze asakiT patara biWis amaSi darwmuneba. sxvaTa Soris, iyvnen iseTebic, romlebmac SeZles amis gageba.

`Cemi saxli ormocdaTvrametjer gaZarcves~

axla rom vTqva, marto erTi mxare iyo damnaSave da orive mxare Tanabrad ar xocavda da erTmaneTs ar uTmobda-meTqi, marTali ar viqnebi. xolo uSualod me,

1995 wlis gazafxulze, anu pirvel peri-odSi, ufro metad Tavs varidebdi im ada-mianebs, romlebic gaxelebuli modiodnen da, daufaravad Tu vityviT, qurdobdnen da yaCaRobdnen. miwa-wyals ki ar icavdnen, aramed mTlianad Zarcva-glejviT iyvnen dakavebulebi. Cemi saxli ormocdaTvram-etjer gaZarcves. ormocdaTvrametjer Semovidnen da yovelTvis axal-axali jgufebi iyvnen.

`Cven vimalebodiT...~

me, ra Tqma unda, Tavs ar vaCvenebdi. Cven vimalebodiT, vxedavdiT, rogor Semo-diodnen da maSinve samalavisken gavrbo-diT. irgvliv tye iyo da samalavi arc iyo saZebneli. erT an or nabijs gadadgamdi da samalavs waawydebodi. yvelgan aseTi tyeebi iyo.

maxsovs, Cven ori sagvareulo saxli gvqonda, erT-erTSi `skorpionis~ jgufma `pogrebi~ gaakeTa. am jgufis erT-erTma

wevrma amoirCia es saxli da warwerac gaukeTes _`skorpioni.~

`...movidnen skorpionelebi?~

`skorpioni~_es iyo afxazuri dajgufeba _ albaT, romeli-Raca batalionis zedmeti saxeli.

zustad ar vici, vin iyvnen, isini ase uwodebdnen sakuTar Tavs. Cven

yovelTvis erTmaneTs vekiTxebodiT_ `movidnen skorpionelebi?~ maT wiTeli lenti ekeTaT xolme. mere Worad gavigeT, rom sofel aCigvaras centrSi naZarcviT mimavali skorpionelebi aufeTqebiaT.

kidev Zalian mniSvnelovani ram maxsovs: Cvens saxlSi qarTuli enciklopediis Tormettomeuli iyo. erTxelac, jgufi

S a v iz R v a

gali

zugdidi

afxazeTi

S a v iz R v a

gali

zugdidi

afxazeTi

71

Semovida, wignebi gadmoyares, gadaqeqes. Taroebidan msoflio literatura mTlia-nad waiRes. didi sabWoTa qarTulenovani enciklopedia ki gadmoiRes da wiTlad gaxazes zustad is adgilebi, sadac lapa-raki iyo afxazeTze. viRacam gulmodgi-ned waikiTxa da ki ar gadaxaza, gaxaza. is inteleqtualis wakiTxuls ufro hgavda, vidre brbos warmomadgenlisas.

wigni datova gaSlilad, raRacaze mig-vaniSna, iqneb ifiqra, rom aseTi mdidari biblioTekis patronebs mivaniSneb, rom es ase araa, isini xom Cven istoriaSi gvedav-ebiano.

`oms kanonebi ara aqvs~

sul vfiqrob, iqneb Cvenc raRaca gavaz-viadeT istoriaSi? iqneb SevcdiT? me ara var istoriis specialisti, iqneb, raRac erTmaneTs ver davuTmeT da iqneb Sevco-deT?

maxsovs, erTxel kidev Semovidnen. zaf-xulSi Zalian bevri partizani Semo-dioda. Semovidnen da mezoblis qals kbilebs aZrobdnen. dedaCemis xnis qalis yvirilze me da Cemi da gaviqeciT iq, sadac misi meuRle imaleboda. ekal-bardebi ise gadavTeleT, mTlianad davsisxliandiT orive, ver gavikvlieT gza. qmari mivida da uTxra, kbilebi ar daaZroT da xars gaCuqebTo. oqro gvindao, magram mere xars dasjerdnen. Tqven ggoniaT, rom es im politikis nawili iyo? ara, aseTi raRaceebi brbos doneze xdeboda. oms kanonebi ara aqvs, magram raRac humanuri samarTali arsebobs. daviT guramiSvi-lis droidan Camoyalibda mtris mimarT samarTlebrivi urTierTobebi, im dros SeuZlebeli iyo es brbos doneze momx-

dariyo. es yvelaferi Zalian mZime gadasa-tani iyo.

`sisxli sisxliT ar ganbanila...~

me uaresic minaxavs, magram arasdros ar movyvebi. me gulwrfelad ar vityvi yve-laze saSinels, rac minaxavs. es rom viRa-cam gaigos, Serigeba arasdros moxdeba. amitom wignsac arasdros ar davwer. xuTi weli iq viyavi, wera SemiZlia, magram amas me ar davwer, radgan Taobebma is ar unda waikiTxon. zogierTi Semogedaveba, wai-kiTxon, icodneno. ras gaakeTeben? sisxli sisxliT arc ganbanila da arc ganibaneba. amitomac me TviTon mqonda SemTxveva. jgufSi 5 bavSvi iyo iseTi, romelsac omSi mama moukles da am bavSvebs davawerine `werili mamis mkvlelis Svils.~ me vnaxe, rom axalma Taobam movlenebis gadafaseba daiwyo, imitom rom dro kurnavs.

araCveulebrivi ram daweres, vinc wai-kiTxa, yvela aRfrTovanda. azri is iyo, rom es adamianebi erTmaneTs ar icnobdnen da aravis miuZRvis brali momxdarSi, arc - imas da arc _ amas.

afxazeTSi am mxriv naklebad muSaoben. me vici erT-erTi kargi skolis Zalian kargi proeqti `afxazeTis mwerloba.~ es aris afxazeTis devnilTa skola zug-didSi da proeqti Zalian warmatebulia. vebgverdze amaRelevebli nawerebia gan-Tavsebuli da bavSvebi gamoxmaurebas iTx-oven, magram arc erTi afxazi bavSvi maT ar gamoexmaura. iq ganTavsebulia afxa-zuri mwerlobis skanirebuli variantebi, maT Soris qarTuladac, da isea SerCeuli, rom saqarTvelosTan kargi urTierTo-bebis namuSevrebia gamofenili. mikvirs, ratom ar unda gamoxmaurebodnen. aseve,

72

werilebis konkursic iyo gamocxadebuli, mimowera TanatolebTan, magram am SemTx-vevaSic qarTvel bavSvebs aravin gamoex-maura.

visac internetis saSualeba aqvs afx-azeTSi, imas meore problema aqvs, qarTuli ar icis, ver kiTxulobs. bavSvebma miTxres, rom Zalian kargi idea aqvT, TavianTi sko-lis xelmZRvanelobas sTxoven, rom afxa-zuri zepirmetyvelebis kursi SemoiRon da TviTon eurTierTon Tanatolebs.

`..afxazuri cota mainc unda gvcod-noda~

mgonia, rom afxazuri cota mainc unda gvcodnoda. iq rom viyaviT, maSin iciT, imaT ra kargad gaakeTes. vxedavdi, rom afxazebi cudad iqceodnen, Tumca albaT Cveni biWebic aseve iqceodnen. magram televiziiT didi siamovnebiT vuyurebdi maT afxazuri enis gakveTilebs. zepir-metyvelebis gakveTilebs afxazuri tele-viziiT saRamos saaTebSi uSvebdnen. bevrs ar hqonda yurebis saSualeba, televizori iq sad iyo? magram me vuyurebdi. sul xuTi gadacema movismine da ramdenime sityva viswavle. zogjer aq vityvi xolme da ici-nian, saidan icio. ubralod, rac ufro meti ena ici, ukeTesia.

Cven, mgoni, davagvianeT. iq cxovrebis dros Cvens skolebSi iTxovdnen, ar aswav-loT afxazurio, es ar iyo swori.

`Cven...gvinda...Serigebis pozicia gvqon-des~

me iqidan 1998-Si gadmovedi. me Cveni mxridan vlaparakob, Torem afxazebis poziciebi ufro mkacria Cvens mimarT. ase mgonia, qarTvelebi bunebiT ufro tole-

rantebi varT da yovelTvis gvinda, rom Serigebis pozicia gvqondes. ramdenime Zalian ganaTlebul afxazs, romelTanac Zalian kargad viyavi, soxumSi wayvana vTx-ove. Cemi viziti ganaTlebis sakiTxebs exe-boda. axla ar vici, ras metyvian, magram sami wlis winaT ar mirCies, miTxres, rom jerjerobiT es ar aris SesaZlebeli. maTac eSinodaT, isini uaRresad ganaTle-buli adamianebi arian, maSin TviTonac Cumad iyvnen.

`es iyo xidis meored Catexva...~

Cveni poziciidan rom giTxraT, gulwr-felad, gadmovedi, radgan iq gaCereba ukve aSkarad sikvdils udrida. moqnevas mozomva sWirdeba, 1998-Si Cveni xelisu-flebidan viRacam ver mozoma, rogor unda moeqnia da amitomac TiTqmis dab-runebuli gali da mosaxleoba daikarga... sofelSi, sadac me vcxovrobdi, 500-bavS-viani skola iyo da aqedan skolaSi 240 moswavle dadioda. skola funqcioni-rebda. am magaliTiT sxva soflebmac igive gaakeTes. es, Cemi azriT, Zalian kargi gza iyo, radgan axalgazrdebis integrirebis procesi daiwyeboda, magram momxdaris gamo skolebic dawves.

Cveni armia Sevida. xalxi aRfrTovanebu li iyo, gamovidnen rezervistebi da mxardaW-era iqnebao, ambobdnen. simarTle giTxraT, Cven, iq myofebi, Zalian Sewux-ebuli viyaviT, radganac vicodiT, rom dasasruli iseTive iqneboda, rogoric iyo: meorejer xidis Catexva da urTier-Tobebis gamwvaveba. RmerTma nu qnas, rom kidev ase gagrZeldes.

73

`...Tormeti kilometri fexiT wavsul-var viRacis dasaxmareblad~

iq roca viyavi, Cemi profesiidan gamom-dinare, Tuki vinme ramis saTxovnelad Semodioda, araferze uars ar veubnebodi. isec yofila, rom diliT adre avmdgarvar da Tormeti kilometri fexiT wavsul-var viRacis dasaxmareblad, raRac kargi saqmis gasakeTeblad. es iyo Cveulebrivi da ara partizanuli urTierTobebi.

maxsovs aseTi SemTxveva, ver getyviT, vin Caidina, qarTvelma Tu sxvam. sruliad uka-criel adgilas SeiaraRebuli pirebi Sev-niSne, ukve gamosuli var Cemi saxlidan da 6 kilometri maqvs gavlili, kidev 6 unda gaviaro, maT Soris 3 kilometri dausaxle-beli adgilia, ukve naxevrad tyed qceuli da balaxebiT dafaruli mindvrebiT. swo-red am adgilas misvlisas, uceb Tavi gamoyo razmma, romlis wevrebic kargad lapara-kobdnen rusuladac da megruladac. ukve unda gza gadaeWraT, roca Semomxeda erT-erTma maTganma, me albaT feri ar medo saxeze, rusulad miTxra, deida nurafris nu SegeSindebao. Sen am gzaze pirvelad ar modixar da Cven SenTan araferi gvesaqme-bao. rogorc ginda, ise gevlos, viciT, rom cudi saqmisTvis ar modixaro.

etyoba is jgufi an iq iyo dabanakebuli an xSirad Semodioda da adrec nanaxi vyavdi. me gamaxsenda erTi SemTxveva_ kargi saq-mis gasakeTeblad mimavals, zemodan rom mimiznebdnen, haerSi isvrodnen, xorxo-cebdnen da me mivrbodi, isini damcinod-nen. magram ra vqnaT, omi omia.

es kargi saqme ojaxebSi darCenili bavSve-bis ufasod swavleba iyo. Cven amas vake-TebdiT da is ojaxebic saidumlod inaxa-vdnen.

visac es SeeZlo, iq Zalian cotani iyvnen. ukve ori wlis ganmavlobaSi 26 bavSvi wera-kiTxvis Seuswavleli darCeniliyo, skolaSic ar miiRebdnen. am saSiSroebis dros Sin xom ver moviyvandi maT, amitom maTTan me TviTon davdiodi.

`ar vnanob, rom ar gadmovedi...~

inteligencia _suyvela aqeT wamovida, afxazeTSi aRaravin darCenila. es faqtia. me aravis vakritikeb. iq Cemi darCena mxo-lod Cemi suleluri gadawyvetileba iyo. cudi iyo Tu kargi, im dReebs pativs vcem. Cems cxovrebaSi yvelaze srulyofilad im dReebs CavTvli, rodesac viRacas vex-marebodi.

me maqvs meore profesiac, eqTani viyavi da SemeZlo viRacas davxmarebodi. bednierad miviCnev Tavs, radgan es SevZeli. davu-SvaT, viRacas Tirkmlis Seteva hqonda da tkivilis dros daxmareba sWirdeboda. eqimi ki arsad iyo. SeiZleboda 7-8 kilome-tris manZilidan viRac mosuliyo da raRa-caSi daxmareboda. roca SegiZlia martivi xerxebiT tkivili dauamo adamians, xolo RamenaTevs misi locva-kurTxeva gamo-gyveba, amaze didi bedniereba araferia.

sofelSi gavrcelda `botkini.~ ra unda gaakeTo am dros? gamaxsenda bebiaCemis karabadinidan soflis pirobebSi rogor unda umkurnalo TafliT, mravalZarRvaTi da raRac balax-bulaxiT. daexmarebi mainc da ar moklav kacs, sanam erT kviraSi eqimTan gadava, manamde cotas dauameb. sul ar vnanob, rom ar gadmovedi. piriqiT, iq imdeni kargi saqme gavakeTe. norvegieli mwerlisa ar iyos, zRvis mimoqcevis dros Tundac erTi varskvlavi rom gadaarCino, sakmarisiao.

74

`Sen `geroinia~ xaro~

oTxi wlis winaT gadavedi, axlobeli gardamecvala. 3 wlis winaT ki erT-erT satiralSi2 Sevedi. meSinoda da yvelas Tavs varidebdi, vicodi, rom afxazebi damxvdebodnen. sofelma ise mimiRo, im afxazs egona, TiTqos iq maTi saxalxo gmiri Sevida. erTma afxazma miTxra, guda-veli deda myavs, magram me TviTon gudau-Tidan var, dedaCemic Tqveni asakis aris, Cems TvalSi Sen `geroinia~ xaro. adga da makoca. imdeni adamiani mexveoda, Cems irgvliv adgili aRar iyo. im axalgazrda kacma miTxra, dedaCems aucileblad vet-yvi, Sen rom gnaxeo. am afxazs Cini hqonda miRebuli.

`omma ojaxebi daSala~

Cems sofelSi afxazebi ar cxovrobdnen. Cven gvyavs afxazi rZlebi, romlebmac yve-laferi gaakeTes TavianTi Svilebis, maTi naTesavebis da qarTvelebis sasargeblod. radganac qarTvelebis colebi iyvnen, isinic iq darCnen. aseTi sami qali CvenTan erTad darCa da iciT, ra gulistkiviliT maxsendebian? imaT arc afxazebi afa-sebdnen, cudad eqceodnen, da arc qarT-velebi. Tu rame usiamovneba Semxvedria, mxolod imis gamo, rom rodesac xandaxan maT sruliad udanaSaulod raRac-raRa-ceebs brbos doneze abralebdnen, me saRi pozicia mqonda. ori maTgani dRes iqidan gagdebulia, Cems TvalSi isini WeSmarit afxazebad da qarTveli dedebis simbo-lod darCebian.

erTis gagdebaSi afxazis xeli eria, meo-res ki — qarTvelma umuxTla. eqvsi Svili gyavs megrelisgan da ar gagaxarebTo,

2 tradicia dasavleT saqarTveloSi micvalebuli erTi kvira asvenia ojaxSi da meSvide dRes asaflave-ben, mTlianad am rituals datirebas eZaxian. am dros tradiciulad gardacvlilis axloblebi, naTesavebi midian mis ojaxSi mwuxarebis gasaziareblad da pa-tivsacemad.

uTxres. CemTan movida, rame miSveleo, nacemi qmari iqve egdo, mec mcemeso,- sul dasisxlianebuli iyo. aseT dros, aseT qalebs arc Cvenebi ar TanaugrZnobdnen. omma ojaxebi daSala.

4-5 wlis winandeli erTaderTi SemTxveva maxsovs, rom afxazebma gviyaraules da ratom, getyviT. ar minda trabaxi gamo-mivides, magram Cven Zalian kargad vcxo-vrobdiT, Sromismoyvare ojaxad viTvle-bodiT da yvelaferi gvqonda. araferi ar gvaklda. Semovidodnen, gadmoabrunebd-nen yvelafers, Cven davalagebdiT, gadmo-abrunebdnen, davalagebdiT, Turme didi interesi hqondaT, aq vin cxovrobda.

Cveni ganwyoba ki aseTi iyo- kai, waiRes raRaceebi? mere ra moxda, dajeqi tyeSi da moqsove. Tu Taro waiRes, raRaca xeliT gaakeTe da imas is moqsovili gadaafare da gaalamaze. bostani da baRCac yvelaferi movlili gvqonda. sxvaTaSoris, TviTonac eSinodaT, isini aucileblad gaisrodnen mosvlis win, imaTac ar undodaT iq zed-meti aliaqoTi. erTi-ors gaisrodnen da mere Semodiodnen. sofelSi erTs an ors SesaZloa hqonda iaraRi, magram vin gabe-davda rames. erTxel gvidarajes, sanam Sin davbrundebodiT, es erTaderTxel moxda, gviTxres, gvainteresebda, vin cxovrobda am saxlSi, amdeni Semosvlisa da arev-darevis Semdeg, isev aseTi lamazi xeli rom etyobodao.

`micvalebulis warTmevis uamravi Sem-Txveva iyo~

gverCodnen, kbili daaZvres qals, saxls cecxli moukides, kacebi gamovidnen da Caqroba rom moindomes, meore jgufi Semo-vida da rvave Caxoca. es SemTxveva saRamo

75

Jams moxda. saxeldaxelod daWedili ficrebi davdeT sazidrebze, Cven rom taCkas veZaxiT. wyvil-wyvilad dadebuli kuboebiT RamiT gavitaneT sasaflaoze micvalebuli, rom ar waerTmiaT. micva-lebulis warTmevis uamravi SemTxveva iyo. CemTan, tyeSi erTxel ded-mama ima-leboda, Svili ki maTi saxlidan gaaTries da gvami waiRes StabSi, nabakevSi. amis mere is mSoblebi Tundac moeklaT. amaze meti tragedia ra unda iyos? Svili moukles da gvami waarTves.

sxvaTaSoris, im gvamis dabrunebaSi galis raionis yofilma gamgebelma ruslan qiSmariam Zalian didi roli Seasrula. rodesacAgamwarebuli deda miuvarda, ruslan qiSmariam meore — daWerili Svi-lic Tavad miuyvana, daabrunebina.

rodesac saqme mZevlebis an cxedrebis dabrunebas exeboda, mamebi Sin rCebodnen da dedebi ufro aqtiurobdnen. SesaZle-belia imitom, rom mamakacebs afxazebi ufro advilad moklavdnen, colebs amisi eSinodaT da ar uSvebdnen, es bunebrivia.

Cemi yofili maswavleblis ezoSi Sevid-nen `beteeriT,~ am dros deda misi gamov-ida, ifiqra, albaT, saWmeli undaTo da, megrelebma xelis Semovleba rom ician, adamianis dalocvisas, ise gaakeTa, aweuli xeli SerCa qals, iqve daxvrites.

`...karisken zurgiT midioda, iaraRi ki xelSi eWira~

aseTi SemTxveva uamravia. kidev vambob, es yvelaferi brbos doneze keTdeboda. Torem, erTxel CemTan afxazi rom movida gasaZarcvad, gaocebuli davrCi im kacis saubriT. Tavidan momeCvena, rom cudi kaci iyo, uxeSad miTxra: saxls jer alagebT da

mere imalebiTo. magram me masTan gulaxdi-lad visaubre, vuTxari, rom es omi ar mom-wonda, rom omSi Cven ki ara, sxvebi iyvnen damnaSaveebi, visac es xels aZlevda. Tqven warmoidgineT, verasdros ver warmovid-gendi da Cvens mxareze gadmovida. miTxra, ra kargad laparakobo rusulad, magram me megrulad vilaparakeb SenTano. is Zalian kargad laparakobda megrulad. rusulad afxazuri aqcenti hqonda. absoluturad geTanxmebio, miTxra, me vuTxari, kamaWiWis STamomavali, rogor laparakob qalebTan iaraRis eniT-meTqi da man momigo, Senma sityvebma iaraRi kuTxeSi damadebinao. Cemma dam uceb moindoma mis win muxlebze damdgoma, rom eTxova, Cven cudi araferi gagvikeTebia da nu gvesvri, daucveli qalebi varTo. maSin saxlSi 84 wlis avad-myofi qali gvyavda, upatrono iyo. Cven is saxlSi moviyvaneT da vTxovdiT, imas nu SegviSinebo. im wuTas adga da Tqva, aq laparaki damTavrebuliao. Cems sicocx-leSi ar damaviwydeba _ karisken zurgiT midioda, iaraRi ki xelSi eWira. me vkiTxe, Tqven risi geSiniaT-meTqi? am qalebSi imdeni Wkua davinaxe, bolomde ar gendo-biTo. frTxili unda viyoo. Zalian gan-vicdi, rom gawuxeben da iqneb SeZloT, dRes aq ar gaCerdeT, vinc Cvens ukan modis, Cven pasuxs ar vagebTo. aq iseTi jgufebi dadian, romlis marTvac Cven ar SegviZliao. am adamianis saxelsa da gvars ar davasaxeleb, iqneb cudi aRmoCndes misTvis. TviTon gviTxra- esa da es saxeli da gvari ikiTxeT, me Tanamdeboba maqvs da dagexmarebian, rom aq aravin SegawuxoT. rom ar giomiaT da aq cxovrobT, amis damadasturebel cnobasac miiRebTo. arc Ralati erqmeva amas, arc araferi, es iqneba formaluri sabuTi devnilebisT-vis afxazur enazeo.

76

`...Cemi eris saxeliT bodiSs geubnebio~

roca me im afxazs vuTxari, kamaWiWis STa-momavali amas ratom akeTeb-meTqi? man mipasuxa, rom misi ocnebaa Cveni erTad cxovreba. aucileblad vicxovrebT erTado. darwmunebuli var, Cven gveqneba pasporti, romelSic arc afxazeTis, arc saqarTvelos moqalaqe ar Caiwereba. Cveni STamomavloba amas mainc miaRwevso? Tu TqvenisTana adamianebi iqnebian im mxares, me Tqven momaqcieT da Cveni STamomavloba mainc miiRebs aseT pasports. es iqneba idealuri sazogadoebao,- Tqva man. es omi ar iyo arc Seni da arc Cemi mogonili da me vwuxvar amis gamo, me Cemi eris saxeliT bodiSs gixdio. maSin es naTeli sxivi iyo CemSi.

me ar damijerebia misTvis da ar wavsul-var, rogorc man Cemi ar daijera da sof-lis centramde zurgiT wavida. am dros vifiqre, rom Turme isinic iseTive SiSis qveS arian, rogorSic Cven varT da am ada-mianebs viRacam gza-kvali auria. vinmem unda imuSaos WeSmaritad amaze.

`roca kanoni iwereba devnilebze., maTi azri unda iyos gaTvaliswinebuli~

me mainc mgonia, rom mTavroba marTavs am arasamTavroboebs. es Cemi azria. magali-Tad, dokumenti devnilTa integraciis Sesaxeb3 devnilTa masebis CarTviT ar SemuSavebula. is kanoni devnilTa gareSe daiwera. roca devnilebze kanoni iwereba, maTi azric unda iyos gaiTvaliswinon. iq ki yvelaferi ise gakeTda, rogorc mTav-robas undoda.

erT Sexvedraze mimiwvies, sadac aseTi dokumenti iqmneboda. visac xelewifeba

3 saxelmwifo strategia devnilTa Sesaxeb (dokumenti damtkicebul iqna saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier 2007 wlis TebervalSi).

es saqme, man Tavad Tqva, rac ginda, is gaa-keTe, mTavrobas mainc ase undao. me vuTx-ari, RmerTma mSvidobaSi mogaxmaros Seni mTavrobac da Seni arasamTavrobo orga-nizaciac-meTqi. me mgonia, rom arasamTav-robo CemTvis berketi unda iyos da mTav-roba miT umetes.

`isini usmenen Cvens sainformacioebs~

afxazeTSi mdgomareoba imisda mixedviT mwvavdeba, ra midis aqedan sainforma-cio saSualebebiT. viRacis mouzomlad naTqvamma sityvam SesaZloa Zalian imoqme-dos. isini usmenen Cvens sainformacioebs. arian ojaxebi, sadac aris normaluri antenebi, isini ZiriTadad zugdididan `odiSs” usmenen.

erTi Zalian Wkiani da ganaTlebuli qali afxazeTSi Cavida. mZime periodi iyo, magram ojaxuri tragediis gamo nebadar-Tulad Cavida galSi. is hyveba: sadac me viyavi, yvela oTaxSi televizori iyo, adgilic ki ar iyo kedlebze darCenilio. iq man yvela sainformacio saSualeba moismina. ar vici, sad waiyvanes, magram vfiqrob, sadRac, centrSi miiyvanes. iq, sadac mas, zugdididan gadmosuls daki-Txva mouwyves. ase rom, isini ar toveben arcerT sainformacios. xolo roca aqe-dan viRaca gamodis da mouzomlad lapa-rakobs, amas vizam, imas vizamo, swored amis mere modis agresia.

viRaca fiqrobs, rom agresiiT saqmis gakeTeba SeiZleba. amis mosmenis Semdeg iqiT uceb gzebs gadaketaven, Semodian ojaxebSi da aSineben. es gaWirvebuli kaci aqeT ver gadmodis da yvelanairad iZabeba situacia. an roca cxaddeba, afxazeTis SuagulSi gavxseniT patriotuli banakio,

77

jer erTi ganmuxuri afxazeTis Suaguli ar aris da meorec, swored maSin daiwyes biWebis daWera afxazeTSi jarSi wasayva-nad da arc erTs ar uSveben banakSi. xom SeiZleba aseTi raRaca yvirilis gareSe gaakeTo, aseT dros vfiqrob, mouzomeli raRac-raRaceebi amwvavebs situacias.

me galSi ar vyofilvar da amboben, rom axla iq ukeTesi mdgomareobaa. me vyofil-var enguridan 50 kilometris moSorebiT, galis mimarTulebiT da gzad erTi saxli ar Semxvedria. axalgazrdoba Zalian cotaa, asakovnebi ufro bevrni arian da yvelas Zalian uWirs. kidev SeimCneva raRac zRvaris dawesebis tendencia: aqauri da iqauri devnili. Cemi azriT, es socialuri TvalsazrisiT aris gamowveuli. adgili, sadac me vcxovrob, im mTavrobam, an Cvenma rom naxos, xom guli gauskdeba: Seule-savi kedlebi, saSineli pirobebi. yvelgan aseTi mdgomareobaa... guSin mokvda erTi devnili faifuris dasaxlebaSi. saco-davi, sxvis saxlSi daasvenes. maT is erTi oTaxic ki ar hqondaT, rom micvalebuli daesvenebinaT.

`...aSkarad gayofaa~

aviRoT skolebi, yvelanairi yuradReba iqeTa bavSvebs aqvT, galSi rom swavloben. rogor SeiZleba ase gaTiSo aqauri devni-lebi. bolo periodSi zugdidSi myof aqaur devnilebs yuradRebas ar aqceven. arc isini arian ganebivrebulebi, magram Tu dasasvenebeli banakia an eqskursiaa sadme, aSkarad gayofaa. me yovelTvis mgo-nia, rom yvelaferi Tanabrad unda gake-Tdes. aCvene, rom is Seni Zmaa, is Sen unda dagxvdes iq. integraciaze vlaparakobT da amgvari proeqtebiT Cven iqeTa da aqeTa bavSvebi ise davaSoreT, rom ar vici, afxa-

zeTSi rogor Sexvdebian erTmaneTs. me mgoni, amazec Rirs dafiqreba. ai magali-Tad, treningebi gaRmeli - galSi myofi eqimebiTvis, ki, Zalian kargia, gaRmeli pedagogebisTvis, magram am gamoRmel peda-gogs da eqims ar sWirdeba gadamzadeba? dabrunebisTvis ar vemzadebiT? iq ar unda mividnen eseni? es ar aris resursi? bolo periodSi es aSkarad SeimCneva.

erTi ambavia atexili, rom patriotTa banakebSi axalgazrdebi midiano. socia-luri granti rom yvela bavSvs aqvs, esec Zalian kargia da mivesalmebi, magram amis pompezurad gadaqceva ar Rirs.

mas Semdeg, rac 1993-1998 wlebi tyeSi gavatare, yvela dRe lamazi da naTeli gvirgviniT Semosilia. imdenad lamazia, rom Turme vcxovrobdi idealur samya-roSi, radgan ar vicodi omi. yoveli dRe, damerwmuneT, sixarulia, Citebis Jria-mulia da bednierebaa CvenTvis. Tundac maSin, bavSvi viyavi, mama rom gardamecvala da megona, amis Semdeg cxovreba aRar gagr-Zeldeboda. gogonebs gansakuTrebulad uyvarT mamebi da ase megona, imis miuxe-davad, rom yvela didad TanamigrZnobda. mas mere, rac omma ganmacdevina, yvela dRe Zalian lamazad meCveneba.

visurvebdi, sul male iseTi dro damdga-riyos, omis arc erTi dRe ar gamxsenebo-des.

78

79

83 wlis aleqsandre1 cxinvalidan devnilia. is amJamad gorSi, erT-erT koleqtiur centrSi, marto cxovrobs. mas hyavs Svilebi, magram isini TavianTi ojaxebiT saqarTvelos sxva kuTxeSi dasaxld-nen, TviTonac devnilebi arian da gaWirvebis gamo mamas ver exmare-bian. aleqsandre, mTeli Tavisi cxovrebis manZilze, Sromobda da axla gulnatkenia, moxucebulobaSi aseT gamouval mdgomareobaSi rom aRmoCnda.

istoria Cawerilia qarTul enaze.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

aleqsandre

`aravis xelSi Semyure ar viyavi~

myavda meuRle, myavs ori Svili. meuRle 1965 wels, iq, cxinvalSi gardaicvala. Svi-lebi daizardnen. qaliSvili gavaTxove, vaJi dResac ltolvilad aris borjomSi, Tavisi col-SviliT.

cxovrebiT ukmayofilo ar viyavi. araferi ar maklda _ saWmel-sasmeli, Casacmeli, dasaxuri. xarbi ar vyofilvar da saSualo donis macxovrebels rac sWirdeba, yvela-feri sakmarisi mqonda.

sakuTar, orsarTulian, saSualo doneze keTilmowyobil binaSi vcxovrobdi da aravisi xelSi Semyure ar viyavi. SeZle-bisdagvarad, vexmarebodi Cems axloblebs, mezoblebs da Cems keTil xalxs. 1949 wels davamTavre cxinvalis pedagogiuri insti-tuti. daviwye muSaoba institutSi, qimia-biologiis fakultetze, laborantad... ramdenime weliwadi keTilsindisierad vimsaxure. xelfasi Zalian dabali iyo... ami-tom instituti mivatove da samxreT oseTis avtonomiuri olqis erT-erT pasuxismge-bel organizaciaSi daviwye muSaoba.

`ise wamovedi, rom gasaRebic ar wamomiRia...~

Tavidan es konfliqti sasacilod mimaCnda. ver warmomedgina Tu aseT mwvave situa-ciaSi movxvdebodiT. mecineboda, rogor SeiZleboda Cvensa da osebs Soris aseTi gamwvavebuli urTierToba damyarebuliyo.Mmagram iZulebuli gavxdi wamovsuliyavi... RameSi samjer-oTxjer modiodnen osebi... Tuki ram gamaCnda, yvelaferi: Rvino, puri, saWmeli, sasmeli, yvelafers gvTxovdnen da mihqondaT. iZulebuli gavxdiT, rom migvetovebina saxli, kari da wamovsuliya-viT. ise wamovedi, gasaRebic ar wamomiRia... megona, or-sam dReSi ukan davbrundebodiT da normalur cxovrebas SevudgebodiT. wamoviyvane Svili, ojaxi, meuRle. meuRlis sikvdilis mere meored davqorwindi. ukve SviliSvilebi myavda. aq, gorSi rom Camo-vediT, TavSesafari am sastumroSi vipo-veT... araferi ar wamomiRia... yvelaferi, rac gamaCnda, cxinvalSi darCa.

mas Semdeg me aq vcxovrob. meuRle gasuli wlis 11 ivliss, nerviuli agznebis nia-dagze, gardaicvala. var ase marto darCe-nili, arafris gamkeTebeli...

80

`Cven isev erTad unda viyoT~

yvelaze Zalian guls mtkens is, rom es ambavi moxda Cvensa da osebs Soris, es ar unda momxdariyo. Cven ara varT is xalxi, romle-bic aiZulebdnen am xalxs, ai, aseT miuRebel viTarebamde misuliyvnen. es miklavs guls, erTad Sezrdil, daZmobilebul xalxs, mTeli cxovreba erTad rom gagvitarebia, bolos aseTi ram ratom dagvemarTa.

ar vici, momavalSi ra iqneba... arc maqvs imedi, rom dabrunebas piradad moveswrebi. ise ki, rogorc cxviri piridan ar moiWreba, aseve, Cveni, qarTveli da osi xalxis, urT-ierToba ar moiSleba. Cven isev erTad unda viyoT! erTmaneTs unda vapatioT, xeli unda gavuwodoT. ginda Tu ar ginda, xeli unda gavuwodoT erTmaneTs. imitom, rom egeni, sadac cxovroben, Cvens nasaxlars ver aikideben da versad ver waiReben! aq

unda iyvnen. aq, CvenTan erTad unda daixo-con da CvenTan erTad daimarxon...

`davrCi am pensiis amara...~

Cemi fiqriT da grZnobiT dResac Cems saxl-Tan var. saxli ise gaZarcves, rom ficris SigniT aRaraferi aRar darCa. sul gazides, gaitanes, daangries. marto kedlebi dgas, kedlebi, meti araferi... ai, weRanac giT-xariT, iseTi sulieri tramva momayena am mdgomareobam, rom sicocxle aRar minda. 83 wlis kaci var da iqneb, droze momeRos bolo, wavide... aRar maqvs am saSinelebisa da ubedurebis atanis Zala... aseTia Cemi tanjuli, tanjuli cxovreba... var ase Cake-tili. saqme ar maqvs araferi.

davrCi am pensiis, 38 laris, amara. Zalian, Zalian guldawyvetili var. daminiSnes siRaribis zRvarze misuli xalxisTvis gankuTvnili pensia... mxolod ramdenime Tve maZlevdnen.… amis garda sxva Semosa-vali ar maqvs. Cems Svilebs TavianTi Tavi TviTon gasWirvebiaT, es dasamali ar aris. biWi ager borjomSi. iq coli, Svilebi hyavs da dazarda. imisgan ra daxmarebas unda

velode?... Cemi qaliSvili, iq, axalgorSi cxovrobs, imasac ojaxi uWirs... Cemi dax-mareba ar SeuZliaT. aTasSi erTxel Tu Camovlen, damxedaven da eg aris.

aseT gaWirvebul kacs daxmareba momi-xsnes. movidnen, viTom Sesamowmeblad, rogor vcxovrob, ra gamaCnia da momi-xsnes daxmareba. xandaxan Rame gameR-viZeba da vfiqrob: aseTi ra davaSave. televizori da macivari rad gaqvso, miTxres.

televizori, Cemi SviliSvili rom dai-bada, maSindeli nayidia. biWma iyida... sxva-gan egdo, Tanac moSlilia, ar muSaobs... sul

s o m x e T i

r u s e T i

samxreT oseTi

cxinvali

gori

s o m x e T i

r u s e T i

samxreT oseTi

cxinvali

gori

81

moSlilia, gaoxrebuli. gareT mters ubr-mavebs Tvalebs da SigniT - me. es nagdebi, Zveli macivaria, waviRe, gavakeTebine, maSin mqonda saSualeba, vmuSaobdi, da aq, gorSi, gavakeTebine, 60 lari damijda. Sen, macivari gaqvso. Se dalocvilo, am macivarSi Tu rame ar Seitane, aqedan xo arafers gamoitan? amas xo produqtis SesaZeni fuli unda. es televizori ar masmevs da ar maWmevs. Kkidev miTxres, coli rom gardagecvala, farTobi mogematao. es ra sakadrisia, ra saTqmelia. sul Tormeti kvadratuli metria, meti xom ar aris.

TbilisSi vapirebdi wasvlas da Civils. miTxres, ar Rirso, araferi gamogivao, rac Caiwera, morCa, eg ariso. aman xom sul mTlad sulierad da moralurad damca. imis magivrad, rom raRaca stimuli mom-cen, piriqiT, wixliT mdgebian da miwasTan masworeben. axla maqvs 38 lari pensia da TerTmeti lari ltolvilis daxmareba. ai, eg aris Cemi Semosavali, sxva araferi.…amiT cxovreba SeuZlebelia... yvela kapiki gaT-vlilia. ocdaaTi-ocdaTerTmeti dRe aris TveSi da, aba, ra giwevs dReSi, gamoTvale... Tanac, Zalian miWirs koleqtiur centrSi cxovreba. xmauri da cudi pirobebia...

`simSvide minda~

xSirad mifiqria, neta, iseT adgilas damasa-xla, rom kaciSvili ar iyos da, Cems nebaze, rogorc minda, davjde, avdge-meTqi...

SeiZleba Cemi asakis bralic aris, 83 wlis kaci vxdebi da ver vitan qalebis Cxubs... miT umetes, mezoblebis, bavSvebis wakide-bas. simSvide minda, rom sadme patara kuTxe-kunWuli mqondes da viyo CemTvis.

me minda, rom pirvel rigSi yvelaferi droze mowesrigdes, xalxi daiRala amdeni

tanjva-wamebiT. zamTarSi Suqi Cven ara gva-qvs...

vixdiT, vixdiT, roca ar gvyofnis, yovelT-vis damatebiT vagrovebT. Segvaqvs Tanxa, da Suqic modis, magram vai, im gamoSvebas. rogorc undaT, ise gvawvaleben. Zalian cudadaa saqme, gansakuTrebiT zamTris periodSi. wyali xom, wyalze laparakic zedmetia... sinaTle rom aRar gvyofnis da ukve amowurulia Cveni limiti, wyalsac aRar uSveben.

`iniciativas ver viCenT... uZlurebi varT~

iniciativas ver viCenT, radgan uZlurebi varT. ar migviwvdeba xeli... Zalian bevri problema gvaqvs mosagvarebeli, meti rom ar SeiZleba. saxelmwifo adre TiTqos gvex-mareboda, xan ra mohqondaT, produqti, tansacmeli Tu raRac... amJamad yvelaferi Sewyvetilia. me, 83 wlis kacs, aba, risi Seqm-nis Tavi maqvs. aRaraferi aRar maintere-sebs. marto Svilebi da SviliSvilebi myav-dnen kargad, janmrTelad, amaze vfiqrob, sxva araferze...

da kidev, guli mtkiva, ar movelodi am xalxisagan-osebisgan am ambavs. da meore, is gogo, Semmowmebeli saxelmwifo daxmarebis programidan, movida, piridan lukma gamo-macala da damtova ise.

ai, aman momikla guli! ukanonobam... is ar meyofa, rom coli momikvda? coli mogikv da da farTi mogematao. is ar meyofa, rom ara-feri maqvs? macivari xom gaqvso. macivarSi Tu rame ar Seitane, am oxerma, ra unda mog-ces, ra unda gaWamos, ra unda gasvas... tele-vizori gaqvso. Turme, televizori, maci-vari maWmeven, masmeven, macmeven, maxuraven. es, es ram aTqmevinaT?...

82

83

65 wlis roza1 cxovrobda galSi, saidanac omis periodSi, iZulebuli gaxda xuTi SviliT wamosuliyo, qmari iq daeRupa. roza amJamad, SvilebTan da SviliSvilebTan erTad, wyneTSi, kompaqtur centrSi cxovrobs. Ddrodadro igi konfliq-tis zonaSi, sakuTar saxlSi Cadis, romelic nawilobriv damwvaria. rozas istoria mogviTxrobs konfliqtis dros gadaadgilebis detalebs, agreTve, cxovrebas omis Semdeg koleqtiur sacxovrebelSi.

istoria Cawerilia qarTul enaze.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

roza

„is kaci... ZaRlma da Rorma SemiWama~

qmari iq momikles. Cven, ojaxi, gamogva-cila da TviTon darCa... meore dilas momikles... miTxra, Sen wadi, bavSvebs mixede da me davrCebio, yvela aq ariso da me `чучело~ xom ara var, rom gaviqceo?! axalgazrda, 52 wlis kaci iyo. mec ara var imdeni xnis, mara mas Semdeg davberdi, iseTi ram gamovcadeT da vnaxeT.

omis dros, ibrZoda Tu ara, ganurCevlad sjidnen yvelas... yovelTvis maxsendeba qmris sityvebi: afxazuri cekvebi miyvars, Cven afxazebTan ar varT cudad da ratom momklaveno? aq viqnebi, isini, afxazebi rom Semovlen, magnitofons CavrTav da afxa-zur simRerebs avamRerebo... ar dascalda magnitofonis CarTva... uceb yvelaferi Tvalwin dauwves da iqve dacxriles... ara-vin hkiTxa, raime brali hqonda, omobda Tu ara.

Cemi qmari ZaRlma da Rorma SemiWama... dau-marxavi, saflavic ar gvaqvs... mezoblebs SeugrovebiaT raRaca nawilebi mxolod...

es yvelaferi ase momxdara ... sadac cexi

iyo, im sardafSi qarTveli mezoblebi, oTxi biWi Sekrebila, iq magida idga da, vinc modioda, umaspinZldebodnen... ukve dilis saaTebi yofila... Cems qmars gamou-tania arayi, Rvino... uecrad sardafis fanjrebze kondaxi miurtyiaT, mina CaumtvreviaT da daunaxavT, oTxi biWi ijda da Wamda... Sesulan da Cemi qmrisT-vis moukidiaT xeli... msuqani kaci iyo, ifiqres, Zala eqnebao da uTxres, viRacis saxlidan wamogvaRebine raRaceebi, man-qana dagvatvirTineo... Cems qmars uTqvams: me is kaci ara var, sxvis saxlSi Sevide, Cems saxlSi rac aris, is waiReT da sxvis saxlSi me ver Sevalo. mainc ZaliT gauTreviT da wauyvaniaT im saxlSi.

„mindorSi Cacxriles~

sanam isini iq raRacas eZebdnen... am momentSi... es gamoqceula. magram es saw-yali, Sors ar wasula, isev saxlSi dabrune-bula. bedi rom unda yvelafers, moZebnes, isev daabrunes ukan da mindorSi Cacxri-les, mokles... sanam moklavdnen, Turme saxls cecxli moukides ... rogor mogwons, axla, amas rom vwvavTo? marTla kargad

84

gakeTebuli saxli mqonda. sul kargiao _ uTqvams Cems qmars... panRuri daurtyiaT misTvis Cvidmeti-Tvrameti wlis bavSvebs, oTxni yofilan... mainc icoda, rom mok-lavdnen... panRuri rogoriao, ukiTxavT, Zalian kargiao_ uTqvams kidev. bolos imdeni Zala moukrebia, mainc momklaveno da gadaugdia asafeTqebeli, romelic jibeSi hqonia damaluli. Tu vinme mova, mainc momklaven da mec movklavo, gaufi-qrebia... marTlac, gadaugdia asafeTqe-beli, romelic ar gaixsna. amis Semdeg igi dacxriles...

mere mezobeli mosula da daumarxavs. sul aT santimetrze iqneboda miwa gaTxrili. sadac damarxes, Rorma amoiRo da Semi-Wama kaci. mxolod misi Sarvali da qamari Semogv rCa, rasac kubo gavukeTeT da is davmarxeT, viTom adgili mivuCineT. meti,

saerTod, araferi ar maqvs miwaSi, arc Tavi, arc qala... Cemi saxlis ezoSi mok-les da, sadac mokles, iq metireba, xolo sasaflaoze rom mivdivar, iq ar metireba, iq araferi ar maqvs damarxuli da ra unda vitiro... vici, rom namdvilad iq, galSi, sakuTar saxlSi dakles, momikles da vtiri.

aTi kaci mokles im dRes Cems quCaze _ erTi qali da cxra mamakaci. im dRes gzaSi vinc SexvdaT, yvela mokles... araferi dauSavebiaT da ise, ubralod gamoasalmes wuTisofels... Cemi qmris mosaklavad, kai, mizezi hqondaT, magram sxvebma ra daaSa-ves? erTi qali mxolod imisTvis gaimetes, rom misi Zma mokles da amis gamo ikivla...

saxelmwifosgan araviTar daxmarebas ar viReb, radgan qmari ar ibrZodao, momiges. genocidis dros daRupva gana sapatio ar

r u s e T i

T u r q e T i

S a v iz R v a

s o m x e T i A a z e r b a i j a n i

samxreT oseTi

gali

Tbilisi

afxazeTi

r u s e T i

T u r q e T i

S a v iz R v a

s o m x e T i A a z e r b a i j a n i

samxreT oseTi

gali

Tbilisi

afxazeTi

85

aris?... TiTqmis sicocxles gamogvasalmes mTeli ojaxi. amis Semdeg Cemi Svili dadis daRonebuli, oTxi bavSvis patroni...

„SiSiT ver amxelen...mkvlelis vinaobas~

kidev erTi istoria. cxra wlis winaT iq, galSi da momikles, sawyali, sami TviT iyo aqeT, zugdidis raionSi gadmosuli. qmari iq darCa, verafriT gadmovida da mere isev TviTon Sevida. amis mere mok-les... iseTi qali iyo, yvela icnobda, afxazebma SemomiTvales, galis ufrosma, gaeroc movida da mTargmneli mohyva da mkiTxes: Tu iciT rame mkvlelze, `намек”-iT gagvagebineT, rom movZebnoTo... magram vis etyvi? rom uTxra, mogklaven... Cven vuTxariT: afxazma mokla Tu qarTvelma, ar viciT-Tqo. ase gavistumreT, radgan verafers ver etyvi. Tu, magaliTad, vin-mes xeli daade, es ariso, Rame gaganad-gureben. sxvas `заказ”-s miscemen... amitom romc icodnen, SiSiT ver amxelen mkvle-lis vinaobas...

„iseTi ambavi gadavitaneT...sicocxle ar mindoda~

im dilas, rodesac gals vtovebdiT, meuRle Sin darCa, Cven ki RamiT aqeT gamo-gvacila. manqana saxlSi davtoveT ben-zinis problemis gamo... sxvisi manqaniT wamomiyvanes. gzad tankebi Semogxvda... bavSvebi mogvyavda, sami Tvis SviliSvili xeliT momyavda, Sexveuli, tankze avtoma-tebianebi isxdnen, aTni mainc iqnebodnen, sul savse iyo... vTxove, biWebo, bavSvianad davrCi gzaSi da ramenairad wamiyvaneT-meTqi, magram ar iyo Cemi adgili... versad ver vnaxeT adgili, amitom nivTebi, rac mogvqonda, yvelaferi iqve davtoveT da

raRac manqaniT wamovediT...

„bavSvi SimSiliT kvdeboda~

erTi bavSvi sxvis manqanaSi davsvi, meore da mesame_ sxvisaSi. sami Tvis bavSvi me wamoviyvane. bavSvebi SimSiliT kvdebod-nen. movediT xidamde- administraciul sazRvramde. tanki daayenes... gadaketes gza... Zlivs gadmovediT sxvadasxva man-qaniT. mere... manqana davtoveT da fexiT gadmovediT aqeT, gaRma, zugdidis mxares, sofel ruxSi... bavSvi SimSiliT kvdeboda. bavSvis saWmelic ar mqonda, radgan SiSis-gan ukan damrCa... zugdidSi viRacis saxls mivadeqiT, Cai rom moecaT bavSvisTvis... Cemi gogo da bavSvis deda- rZali sazRvris iqiT darCnen, me ki patara manqanaSi bavS-vianad momaTavses... im dros iseTi ambavi gadavitaneT, sicocxle aRar mindoda.

wvalebiT da tanjviT gadmovediT... bavSvi am dros ojaxSi myavda mibarebuli. aravis ar vicnobdi, magram davtove, rom SimSi-lisgan ar momkvdariyo da siTboSi yofi-liyo... Zlivs momitanes bavSvis saWmeli da mivutane... amis mere Cemi rZalic da Cemi Svilebic, yvelani iq movidnen. dro-ebiT im saxlSi gavCerdi...

Cems qmarsac velodebodiT, magram is ar movida... mere dageweviTo, dagvpirda, magram ar movida...

Cemi siZeebic aqeT gamoiqcnen. afxazebma moaswres da tyviac esroles, magram cocxlebi gadmovidnen. Zlivs.

„amdeni xani erT oTaxSi varT~

koleqtiur centrSi oTaxi gvaqvs. viTom raRaca gavakeTeT da am erT oTaxSi varT amdeni xani. ojaxSi Svidni varT... TerT-meti lari ras gveyofa? nevrozi gauCnda

86

rZals da saavadmyofoSi dadis. bavSvebs vficavar, wamalSi TveSi oras-samas lars mainc xarjavs, nerviulobs bavSvebze. aseT mdgomareobaSi varT... oTx Svils patronoba, swavla, Cacma unda... skolaSi siaruli unda...

daamTavra erTma bavSvma skola, Sin aris da umaRlesSi ar swavlobs... meore Zlivs SeviyvaneT universitetSi. imasac, rogor vuxdiT, ar vici, aseT dReSi varT... amdeni tiriliT da nerviulobiT nervebi maqvs moSlili... aaa, xom xedav, ranairad gavxdi, saswaulad gamxdari var, magram ra vqna, jandabas Cemi Tavi. Cemi biWi wvalobs, erT dRes erT saxlSi muSaobs, meore dRes_ meore saxlSi, raRaca moaqvs bavSve-bisTvis...

erTxel erTi bavSvi gajiutda da gviTxra: ratom dagvbadeT amdeni, Tu kargad ar gagvzrdidiTo. es bavSvi oTxi wlis iyo, rom gadmoviyvaneT da ra icis, rogor gvqonda Cven saqme iq - afxazeTSi. oTxs ki ara, aTs gavzrdidiT.

„mivedi da, SeZlebisdagvarad, momca gaerom gadasaxuri masala~

erTxel gaerom damiZaxa, SemomTavaza, saxls gadagixuravTo. Cemi saxli iseT mdgomareobaSi iyo, rom gadaxurva SeiZ-leboda... vinc afxazeTSi gvicnobda, maTi saSualebiT werilebi gamogvigzavnes aqeT gadmosulebs.

SevediT galSi, eqvsi wlis winaT... 2000-2001 weli iqneboda. me galSi ivnisSi gadavedi. mivedi da, SeZlebisdagvarad, momca gaerom gadasaxuri masala. Cemi saxli didi iyo da verafriT ver gadavxure maTi mocemuli masaliT. 90 cali Siferi mom-ces, Cems saxls 150 cali undoda... sakma-

risi ar iyo, vuTxari, ar gveyo, erTi mxare damrCa da kidev gvinda-meTqi... Sen klubi gqoniao, miTxres. meti veRar momces.

„gadaxurulia damwvari saxli da dgas~

Cemi gogo moskovSi iyo, sawylebma fuli iq Seagroves da iqidan gamoagzavnes... im fulis gamo momklaven-meTqi, meSinoda, magram sando kacma momitana. uceb viyide Siferi, ar momklan-meTqi da gadavxure... mezoblebi mexmarebodnen, Cems qmars yve-lasTvis pativi hqonda nacemi, rogor ar mogexmarebiTo, da bavSvebs geficebi, Zalian dagvexmarnen – ase gadavxureT es saxli. mxolod gadaxurulia es damwvari saxli da dgas, mezobeli aqcevs yuradRe-bas... Tan iq aremareTi sargeblobs.

Cemi Svili da siZe dadian galSi, qalaqSi. Cems gogos dedamTili da mazli hyavs iq. Zalian cudad arian, orive kiboianebi ... sawyali, iq iyo da axla registracia rom midis, SevatyobineT da DdRes Camodis, ukve gzaSia, matarebelSi...

Cemi gogos naTesavebi qalaqis centrSi cxovroben da aravin ar awuxebT, arafers ar erCian, aravin arafers eubneba... oRond Tu raime gaqvs _ Wam, Tu arada, uyureb cas. ras izam, ras gaaakeTeb?

`ormoci wlis naSromi saxli damwvari iyo~

pirvelad rom davbrundi galSi, vicodi, rom ormoci wlis naSromi saxli damwvari iyo... magram im adgils mivCerebodi, sadac Cemi qmari daasaflaves... imas vuyurebdi da mere vikivle, vikivle da vtirodi...

megona, dasaflavebuli gvyavda, amoviReT kubo, gavxseniT da davinaxeT... naxerxiT

87

savse iyo. mxolod qaRaldebSi gaxveuli Zvlebi, dafleTili nawilebi da gaxeuli Sarvali ido Sig... es rom davinaxe, arc saxli mindoda da arc araferi...

yvelafers rom vixseneb, ase imitom gavxdi, sul mTlad daveci, janmrTe-loba gamiuaresda. amaRam yvela daiZinebs da mxolod me ar mZinavs, yovelTvis imas vfiqrob, ra maqvs iq, galSi, odesme me Rirseba Tu ara im saxlSi misvla da iq damarxva?...

`gaqcevasac ver movaswrebdi~

saxli rom gadavxure, ori TviT viyavi galSi... tanisamosi ar gamixdia, ise viweqi sxvis saxlSi. ZaRlis yefis dros Cumad vdgebodi da fanjarasTan mivdiodi, mezoblebi rom ar gameRviZebina, radgan sxvis saxlSi viyavi... vfiqrobdi, vinme rom Semosuliyo, ra moxdeboda?... vinme romc damenaxa, gaqcevasac ver movaswrebdi... aravin ar mogcems gaqcevis saSualebas, Tu moindomes, iqve mogklaven da `vsio”... ramdeni mouklavT ase, ojaxSi, Cemi asakis xalxi, ubralod loginSi wolis dros... aravisTvis araferi rom ar dauSavebiaT...

bevri cxovrobs galSi... meubnebian, dimi-trovis kilometrian quCas mxolod xuTi ojaxi akliao, da modi, ratom ar modi-xaro? risTvis mivide, miWirs iq Casvla, qmari momikles, Rorma SemiWama. gulic ar mimiwevs iqiT, rom mivide... iq marto gavgiJ-debi, albaT. saxlSi rom ar moeklaT, gavmag-rdebodi da Cavidodi... dRisiT saxlSi viq-nebodi, Rame mezoblebTan davwvebodi...

risTvis Cavide, me iq verafers viSovi. aqamde, rac miSovia, ukve damwvaria. axla Cems Svilebs vuyureb aq, an saWmels gavumzadeb, an saxlSi raRacaSi mivex-

marebi, da amis fiqrSi var. RmerTma qnas, gamiSvan afxazeTSi, meti araferi minda.

`netav Cemi saxli maRirsos RmerTma~

Tu koleqtiuri centridan privatiza-ciis Sedegad gamogvyares, raRaca kapikebs mogvcemen. am kapikiT ras viyidiT! iq, galSi rom maqvs saxli, is mirCevnia yvelafers. netav, Cemi saxli maRirsos RmerTma! saxls Svilebi moawyoben, SekeTeben. erTi weli Tu ar eyofa, or-sam weliwadSi da... ramena-irad... im kapikebiT iq mainc viqnebiT... magram daculi Tu viqnebiT, ai es mainteresebs.

~Oчистка~-s arqmeven saxelad da policie-lebi Sedian Turme saxlSi, mosaxleebs rac aqvT goWi, qaTami Tu indauri, yvelafers arTmeven... galSi, arc ise, magram sofle-bSi mainc xdeba cudi... mainc midian... visac undaT klaven...

Rame niRbianebi dadian... albaT, adgilob-rivebi arian, afxazs ver daadeb xels, Rame isini ar dadian. Rame isev adgilobrivi dadis, magram ise arian gaborotebulebi, rom Tavisianebsac klaven... gaZaRleb-ulebi, gamwarebulebi arian cxovrebiT. cxovrebiT ukmayofiloebi ras sCadian, ar ician. sami wlis winaT, Cemi rZlis dedas Seuvardnen ojaxSi da kondaxiT mokles...

„ver waval... Tu iurisdiqcia ar aRdgeba~

axalgazrdebs kapiki Semosavali ara aqvT... aseTi cxovrebaa. axla rom galSi gamiSvan, ver waval... Tu iurisdiqcia ar aRdgeba... qalaqSi bevria dabrunebuli, iZaxian mxo-lod 3 procenti aklia galso...

88

roca satiralSi2 Cavdivar an aqeT vnaxav naTesavebs, isini meubnebian, yvela aq aris da Senc modio! magram Cemi Svilebisa da SviliSvilebis gareSe me iq ra vqna... ra damrCa damwvar saxlSi? Qqvis mets vera-fers davinaxav. iq ras vuyuro? aq Svilebs mainc vuyureb, sanam cocxali var, mainc bevri dro ar meqneba darCenili... Svilebi da SviliSvilebis gareSe ver vivargeb.

Cemi Svili ambobs, mama momikles, Rorma SemiWama, afxazebs rogor moveferoo, axla iq vinc aris, galSi darCenilebi an dabrunebulebi ki maT eferebian, iqauri qudi axuravT, magram me am quds ver davi-xuravo ... visac mokluli ar hyavs saxlSi, is egueba iqaur cxovrebas.

Cemi siZec ambobs, iq ver wavalo, magram misi Zma ise kargad cxovrobs iq... afTiaqi gaxsna... cxovrobs, saxlic iyida, calke dasaxlda da yvelaferi aqvs... aravin ar erCis. ician, rom ar omobda... afxazebmac Seiswavles misi istoria da Zalian kargad epyrobian.

rogorc Zmebi, mezoblebTan ise iyvnen da axlac aseTi urTierToba aqvT mezobleb-Tan. erTxel mivedi galSi mZaxalis sana-xavad, cudad iyo da vinaxule... davinaxe maTTan saxlSi afxazebi da qarTvelebi magidasTan erTad isxdnen, Wamdnen da sva-mdnen.. kargad epyrobodnen erTmaneTs.

erTi gogo gaTxovda da moskovSi darCa, meore gogo am korpusSi zeviT cxovrobs, mesame gogo sul sxvis binaSi, daqirave-bulSi cxovrobs, bina saerTod ara aqvs. gvian gadmovida, sawyali, da bina ar Sexvda koleqtiurSi...

Cemi biWi aq aris, oTxi bavSvi hyavs misa-

2 tradicia dasavleT saqarTveloSi micvalebuli erTi kvira asvenia ojaxSi da meSvide dRes asaflave-ben, mTlianad am rituals datirebas eZaxian. am dros tradiciulad gardacvlilis axloblebi, naTesavebi midian mis ojaxSi mwuxarebis gasaizreblad da pa-tivsacemad.

xedi... me veubnebi, gavyidoT is saxli, Tu ar gindaT galSi wasvla-meTqi. ise, visac iqauri pasporti3 aqvs, yvela dadis axla galSi, arafers ar uSlian qalaqSi... saer-Tod, fulsac ar axdevineben gadasvlaze... gadasvlis uflebas aZleven, vinc galSi Cawerilia...

„dRes gagvyrian Tu xval, ar viciT~

aq, koleqtiur centrSi, situacia rTu-lia, im dRes movidnen da aRgvweres, aqe-dan rom gagvasaxlon. saprotesto aqciebi gavmarTeT... ra iqneba, aravin icis... dRes gagvyrian Tu xval, ar viciT. aq ar gvaqvs ufleba, rom gavalamazoT aqauroba da raRaca gavakeToT. yovel meore, mesame TveSi gasaxlebis molodinSi varT. `Spal-eri~ rom gavakeToT, amazec ki zedmetia Tanxebis daxarjva. meSinia, mudmivad imaze vfiqrob, saWmeli ar dagvakldes. dRes ra vWamoT, xval ra vWamoT?...

„siviwroveSi varT~

siviwroveSi varT, ver veteviT am oTaxSi. oTxi bavSvi, col-qmari. col-qmars calke sWirdeba oTaxi... biWebi didebi arian da calke unda iyvnen... gogo zeviT patara ` кухня” oTaxSi darCa, erTi `кровать” dadga da iq aris, Cemi umcrosi... patara biWi rom momyavda, is axla meSvide klasSia, isic zemoT aris. qveviT raRaca saswauli oTaxi maqvs. saSineli sinestea, magram ori ufrosi biWi qveviT, CemTan wevs... sinestea da fexebi mtkiva... CoxiT4 davdivar, iseT mdgomarebaSi var, magram mainc mirCev-nia... raRac rom mtkiva, Svilebs ar vagrZ-nobino, rom ar Sevawuxo... ai, aseTia Cveni cxovreba.

3 afxazeTis Sida pasporti4 cxvris bewvisgan damzadebuli winda

89

ZiriTadad, 11- larian daxmarebaze varT... samuSao adgilebi arsad aris. bavS-vma skola daamTavara da meubneba, Cems Sesatan swavlis fuls me viSovi, oRond samu Sao momeciTo. ar meSinia, cuds rom arafers gaakeTeben, iseTi bavSvebi myavs. Uubralod, mecodeba bavSvi, muSaoba unda. mamas eubneba: mama, mogexmarebi, an kets gavTli an lursmans gagikeTebo... sawyali Cemi Svili kar-fanjrebs akeTebs, sxvis cexSi muSaobs da bavSvic iq exmareba... gamomuSavebis 20 procents aZleven. Tu dakveTa iqneba, Tu arada, erTi-ori Tve aris ise...

`carieli miwa mirCevnia aqaur `dvare-cebs...~

aq ra maqvs? iq afxazeTSi vcxovrobdi, Tu vcxovrobdi... axla rom gamiSvan, siamov-nebiT waval... is Cemi damwvari saxli gada-xurulia, ginda sul waiRon is saxuravi, arafers ar viTxov, oRond gamiSvan. minda Cemi saxli vnaxo da iq viyo... Cems Svilsac es unda, sawyali, yovelTvis amas ambobs: iq xeebi rom dgas, marto is meyofao sacxo-vreblad. axla Cven rom gagviSvan Cvens saxlebSi, carieli miwa mirCevnia aqaur `dvarecebs~.. iq rom mivide da is damwvari aRvadgino, imis saSualeba ar maqvs, magram carieli rom davrCe, mainc is mirCevnia... is Cemi sakuTaria... xolo aqedan rodis gagvyrian, ar viciT...

bavSvebs aq urCevniaT, imitom rom TxuT-meti weli aq gaizardnen. Cemi erTi SviliS-vili, axla daamTavra skola, iZaxis, babuas saxls galSi ar davkargavo. me ar davkar-gav da sxvebi, sadac undaT, iq wavidneno. imedi aqvs, rom rodisme damTavrdeba es situacia da ukan gagviSveben... aq uyvarT bavSvebs, imitom rom ar ician iqauri siy-

varuli... bavSvebi Cvidmeti, Tvrameti wlisebi arian da ra ician iqauri siyvar-uli?

oTxi wlis iyo SviliSvili, rom aqeT gad-moviyvaneT da ra unda icodes? me erTxel waviyvane galSi, sawyali kaci, Cemi qmari viTom rom davitireT, maSin naxa saxli da gagiJda bavSvi: ramxela saxli mqoniao.

90

91

27 wlis eliso iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli piria afxazeTi-dan, oCamCiris raionis sofel oxureidan. 13 wlis iyo, rode-sac devnili gaxda, amJamad zugdidSi, koleqtiur centrSi, cxovrobs. konfliqtma Secvala misi ojaxis cxovreba. ekono-mikuri mdgomareobis gasaumjobeseblad, deda ruseTSi wavida samuSaod, Zmam ki – eraySi gadawyvita wasvla. eliso musikalur wamyvanad muSaobs adgilobriv radioSi da Tavs warmatebul adamianad miiCnevs. eliso saubrobs im procesze, romelic man integraciisaken gaiara.

istoria Cawerilia qarTul enaze.

eliso

~miwevda sxvadasxva skolebSi swavla...”

3 wlis viyavi maSin, me-7 klasSi. yvelaferi kargad maxsovs, zustad maxsovs is Ramec, rodesac wamovediT. manamde iyo raRac konfliqtebi, maSin intervalebiT gad-movdiodi xolme — xan TbilisSi viyavi, xan wyaltuboSi. uceb ityodnen, rom Cawy-narda, mSvidobaa da ukan vbrundebodiTo. miwevda sxvadasxva skolebSi swavla, rac Zalian cudi iyo. rogoria, sul raRac erT weliwadSi 5-6 skola gamoicvalo.

cudi iyo axal garemosTan Segueba. yve-laze cudi is iyo, rom Sordebodi Sens amxanagebs, visTanac ramdenime weli gagi-tarebia. orive cudi iyo – is, rom Sorde-bodi da is, rom axal garemosTan giwevda Segueba. me ar maSinebs axal garemosTan Segueba, magram es ar iyo stabiluri. miw-evda sam-oTx TveSi garemos gamocvla da Cemi asakis bavSvisTvis es metismeti iyo. garemos gamocvla pirobebidan gamomdin-are gviwevda, amas mSoblebi wyvetdnen. zogjer TbilisSic mixdeboda wasvla.

gasaCerebel adgils SesaZleblobebis mixedviT virCevdiT. mTavari iyo, ra aris SesaZlebeli da ara is, Tu sad - Tbi-lisSi, quTaisSi Tu wyaltuboSi, gvinda cxovreba. skolis periodSi CemTvis yve-laze mniSvnelovani megobrebTan urT-ierToba iyo. amitom, me ver vityvi rom garemosTan Seguebis dros diskomforts ganvicdidi, magram mainc rTuli iyo.

saerTod, Zalian mizidavs urTierTo-bebi, axali adamianebis gacnoba, magram bavSvobaSi ufro gulCaTxrobili viyavi. albaT Cemi xasiaTidan gamomdinare raRa-ceebi cota ar iyos negatiurad damamaxs-ovrda.

~vcxovrobT kompaqturi CasaxlebaSi”

axla vcxovrobT zugdidSi. gadmosvlis Semdeg, soxumis dacemis mere aq vcxo-vrobT, kompaqtur dasaxlebaSi. Cven dasaxlebaSi bevri ojaxi ar cxovrobs da albaT esecaa mizezi, rom aravin yuradRe-bas ar gvaqcevs. sxva devnili ojaxebi Tu

92

S a v iz R v a

afxazeTi

zugdidi

oxurei

arian `ganebivrebuli” imiT, rom maT exma-rebian, raRacas ukeTeben, uremonteben, Cvengan es Sors aris. miuxedavad imisa, rom me sakmaod aqtiuri var, mivmarTe sxvadasxva organizacias, ramdenjerme gancxadebac davwere, magram es yvelaferi upasuxod darCa. mamaCemi amasTan dakavSi-rebiT meubneba — Sen an ar swer an ar miga-qvs da gvat yuebo.

viTxov, ubralod SegvikeTon saxli da gagviumjobeson sacxovrebeli pirobebi. farTi pataraa da sasurvelia, SeZlebi-sdagvarad, ris gakeTebasac SeZleben, gagvikeTon, magram gamoxmaureba jer arsaidan ar yofila.

~devnili bavSvebi skolaSi...ukana merxebze isxdnen”

gadmosvlis Semdeg zugdidis me-10 sko-laSi Semiyvanes. aqac survili nakleb rols TamaSobda. gadawyvetileba spon-tanurad miviReT, radgan skola teri-toriulad axlos iyo, am skolaSi Sevedi. Zalian kargi garemo damxvda, yovelg-vari Selamazebis gareSe vlaparakob, yvelaferi kargad rom mixvdeboda, amas SeveCvie. rodesac megobrebi gansxvave-bul istoriebs miyvebodnen, mikvirda. saerTod, adamiani aseTia, rac Tavad ar ganucdia, ucxod eCveneba. biZaCemTan momiwia Casvla, samtrediaSi, iq gogonebs Sevxvdi, romlebic sanatoriumSi cxov-

S a v iz R v a

afxazeTi

zugdidi

oxurei

93

robdnen. erT dRes SevikribeT finjan yavaze da vixsenebT, vin rogor gadmovida, rogor gavicaniT, SevewyveT da SevegueT aqaur garemos. me zugdidi Zalian kargad davaxasiaTe. sxvaTaSoris gaukvirdaT, ratomRac egonaT, rom Znelad Sesague-beli qalaqia. am dros piriqiT aRmoC-nda, samtrediaSi am TvalsazrisiT ufro cudi situacia yofila, devnili bavSvebi skolaSi sul ukana merxebze isxdnen. axla SeiZleba amas arsebiTi mniSvneloba ara aqvs, magram bavSvebi Zalian mZafrad aRiqvamen msgavs situaciebs. amiT imis Tqma undodaT, rom yvelaferSi bolo adgilze viyaviTo.

adamiani, SeiZleba, TviTon qmnis garemos. magram maT, yvelas, erTi azri hqondaT: — amxanagebi yvelaferSi dagvcinodnen, radgan afxazeTidan devnilebi viyaviTo. Tanatolebi xSirad eubnebodnen, rom Tqven saxli ar gaqvT, kari ar gaqvTo. bevrma amis gamo skolaSi siaruls Tavi daaneba.

roca vambob, rom gamiadvilda devnilo-bis periodi, ase mgonia, es kargic aris da cudic. SeiZleba vinmem ifiqros, rom me TviTkmayofilebas gamovxatav. me ki namdvilad Sevegue, Sevewyve da kargad vgrZnob Tavs. me xom yvelaze mniSvnelo-vani periodi aq gavatare. 13 wlidan iwyeba cxovreba. Tumca, SeiZleba sxvisTvis ar aris sasiamovno mosasmeni is, rom Tavs kargad vgrZnob afxazeTis gareSe.

me TviTon Zalian TviTkritikulad vudgebi Cems Tavs. sxva kuTxidan vuyureb am ambavs. mere megobris Canaweri mov-ismine, ufro iman damafiqra, is ambobs, rom dRemde ukmayofilebis grZnoba aqvs da dRemde ganicdis imas, rom mSoblebi

aq arian, TviTonac ver midis afxazeTSi. ukmayofilebis grZnoba maZlevso brZo-lis unars.

cxovrebas aqvs dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebi, amis Tqma mindoda. . .

~gadmosvlis dros suraTebi wamoviRe...”

afxazeTSi cxovrebis periodidan yve-laferi maxsovs. gansakuTrebiT, Cemi sko-lis amxanagebi, baRis amxanagebic. erTxel TbilisSi viyavi, megobarma dabadebis dReze dampatiJa, Cems win dajda erTi biWi, vuyureb am biWs da vfiqrob, saidan vicnob da gamaxsenda rom Cemi baRis amxanagi iyo. gadmosvlis dros suraTebi wamoviRe da aman gamiadvila adamianebis gamocnoba. vkiTxe, daTo xom ar gqvia-meTqi, saxelebi da gvarebi yvelasi maxsovs, suraTze SemiZlia yvela CamovTvalo. diax, daTo mqviao, TviTon ver micno, me vuTxari, vinc viyavi da mere gavaxsendi. mokled gadavexvieT erTmaneTs da sul dagvavi-wyda, rom dabadebis dReze viyaviT. ra mogonebebi unda gvqonoda baRSi, magram mainc bevri raRac gavixseneT, Tundac rogor vcekvavdiT da vmRerodiT.

ra Tqma unda, yofila iseTi momentebic, rodesac mifiqria, rom kargi iqneboda, ar vyofiliyavi devnili. sxvanairad wavidoda Cveni cxovreba da, albaT, ukeTesobisken. ar mogviwevda yvelafris dawyeba Tavidan, nulidan. dRemde vcdilobT, rom cxovreba avawyoT. advilad araferi miiRweva Turme

~sayvarel saqmes vakeTeb”

dRes sayvarel saqmes vakeTeb, vmuSaob radio `aTinaTSi1”, var musikaluri wamy-

1 radios dafarvis arealSia samegrelo, aWara, imereTi, guria da afzaxeTi (galis regioni).

94

vani da Zalian msiamovnebs, rom amdeni adamiani mismens. miuxedavad imisa, rom am qalaqs ar vekuTvni, Cemi saxeli da gvari mainc daamaxsovrdeba xalxs.

xSirad, roca mweren afxazeTidan, sul sxva siTbo igrZnoba. me yovelTvis vambob, rom afxazeTidan var, vgrZnob, rom afxaz msmenelze es Zalian dadebiTad moqmedebs, isini yovelTvis Tavs maxseneben.

guSin sufraze viyavi, iq iyo stumari afx-azeTidan. Cemi interviu hqonia wakiTxuli, romelic gazeTSi daibeWda da suraTiT micno. miTxra, TqveniT vamayob da yovel-Tvis gismenTo. ise mesiamovna, lamis taSi Semovkari.

erTxel gavocdi, gudauTidan damirekes, saxeli da gvaric ki maxsovs: xasik CaCba. aSkarad etyoboda aqcentze, rom afxa zi iyo. rusulad laparakobda, me Tqven [qarTvelebi] dRemde miyvarxarTo, Tqvens radios yovelTvis vusmeno. gisurvebT, rom male dabrundeTo. me rom vuTxari afxazeTidan var-meTqi. gisurveb, rom Sens saxls daubrundeo. aRrfTovanebuli viyavi da yvelas amas vuyvebodi- afxazma damireka-meTqi.

~didi siamovnebiT davbrundebi”

sadac vcxovrobdi, me iq aravin myavs darCenili, Tumca galis raionSi cxov-robs babuaCemi, bebiaCemi, biZaCemi, magram erTxelac ver gavbede wasvla. Cemi da, Zma, dedaCemi da mamaCemi - yvela iyo Casuli, me ufro mSiSara aRmovCndi. ise, Zalian main-teresebs iqauroba.

SesaZlebloba Tu iqneba, didi siam-ovnebiT davbrundebi. me vfiqrob, rom gavanawileb dros, aqac viqnebi da iqac.

ase mgonia, rom amas SevZleb. ise didad ar mjera dabrunebis, albaT isev omiT moxdeba Tu moxda. rac omiT davkargeT, is omiT unda davibrunoT. mSvidobiT rogor unda davibrunoT? ra vici, ver warmomid-genia. davuSvaT, davbrundiT. winaswar vici, iq ra situacia damxvdeba: qaosi da areuloba. isev nulidan unda daviwyoT cxovreba. ver warmomidgenia, pirvel wlebSi rogor unda vicxovro. albaT dro dagvWirdeba, rom niadagi movamzadoT da mere davbrundeT.

~devnilobis kompleqsi”

Cems Tanatolebs da megobrebs namdvilad aqvT devnilobis kompleqsi. problema is aris, rom saxli ar gvaqvs da gvrcxvenia stumris miyvana im pirobebSi, sadac vcxo-vrobT. magram me am dros maxsendeba revaz inaniSvilis araCveulebrivi moTxroba: gogo da biWi arian Seyvarebulebi, gogo cxovrobs xelmokled, xolo biWi aris SeZlebuli ojaxidan. biWs unda, rom gogom saxlSi dapatiJos, magram gogo ver axerxebs, radganac saxlSi ukiduresad gaWirvebuli situaciaa. biWi ekiTxeba, rodis unda gavicno Seni mSoblebio. gogo ki yovelTvis Tavs ikavebs. biWma rom gaigo mizezi, swored amitom miatova: aseT raRa-ceebze Tu fiqrobdi, ar megonao, Turme sul sxva adamianTan mqonia saqmeo.

yovelTvis msgavsi raRaceebiT vimSvideb Tavs da, ase vTqvaT, yovelTvis zemodan vuyureb aseT situaciebs. adamiani, rome-lic meyvareba, is gamigebs da, Sesabamisad, devnilobis kompleqsic ar meqneba. iseT adamians, romelTanac kompleqsi meqneba, me mgoni, ver Seviyvareb. jerjerobiT aseTi situacia ar mqonia. sxvaTaSoris, megobrebsac Tamamad vepatiJebi saxlSi.

95

albaT megobrebi myavs aseTi da amitom.

me vfiqrob, rom yvelaferma Zalian didi roli iTamaSa Cemi azrovnebis Camoyalibe-baSi. pirvel rigSi, iman, rom amJamad dasa-qmebuli var, amis gareSe albaT sxvanairi viqnebodi, magram rogori, amaze ar mifi-qria. TavisTavad, warmateba didi plusia. yuradRebas maqceven da roca yuradRebas gaqceven, ar giCndeba raRac kompleqsebi, gansakuTrebiT uaryofiTi.

ufrosebis damokidebuleba gansxvavdeba. mamaCemis magaliTi aviRoT. gadmosvlis Semdeg ambobdnen, erT kviraSi iqneba dab-runebao, mere erT TveSio, or TveSio. ai, 14 weli gavida da dResac rom hkiTxo, getyvis, rom xval davbrundebiTo. saaTSi erTxel sainformacio gamoSvebebs usmens, jer kidev ver gamovida mdgomareobidan. pirveli dRidan rogori damokidebule-bac hqonda amis mimarT, dRemde ise darCa. ufrosebi ufro ganicdian, es unda vaRi-aroT, imitom rom mniSvnelovani asaki iq gaatares, Cven ki ufro SeveCvieT.

`konfliqtma Zalian imoqmeda Cvens ojaxze~

saxlSi ver vityvi, rom idealuri situa-ciaa. konfliqtma Zalian imoqmeda Cvens ojaxze. dedaCemi moskovSia, finansuri mdgomareobidan gamomdinare, mamaCems fizikurad ar SeuZlia ojaxi arCinos, Cemi Zma jarSia, ̀ komandosSi~2, Cemi da Tbi-lisSi swavlobs da me kidev aq var.

dedaCemi sami welia ar Camosula ruseTi-dan. Cven mivyavarT xolme rigrigobiT. axla Cemi rigi iyo da gza Caiketa. gza Tu gaixsneba, waval, viza ukve gamiuqmda. Cemi Zma axla jarSia, mere germaniaSi midis

2 specdaniSnulebis batalioni

sami TviT da Semdeg - eraySi. sxvaTaSo-ris, ojaxisTvis arc ukiTxavs ise miiRo gada wyvetileba, erT Cveulebriv dRes Camo vida da ganacxada, rom eraySi mivdi-var, xeli movawereo. biZaSvilma Txova, ar waxvideo. magram Cemi Zma ambobs, mTeli sagvareulo rom damidges win, eraySi mainc wavalo. amis mizezi pirvel rigSi, ra Tqma unda, finansuri mxarea da Sem-deg survilic. erTwliani kontraqti aqvs, magram jer samTviani kursebi unda gaiaros germaniaSi. eraySi samSvidobo misia eqneba, daaxloebiT iseTi variantia, saqarTveloSi rom ruseTis samSvidobo jarebi dgas. anazRaureba daaxloebiT 700 Tu 1 000 dolaria TveSi. aq versad ver dasaqmda da es gza airCia. saxelmwifo ver gaqcevs yuradRebas da iZulebuli xar, rom garisko, rom gadarCe.

devnilebs ZaliT rom asaxleben kompaq-turi centrebidan, amazrzenia. es didad ar gansxvavdeba afxazebis da rusebis saqcielisgan. rac rusebma gagvikeTes, igives gvikeTebs dRes Cveni mTavroba. me jerjerobiT gamosaxleba ar memuqreba, magram mainc vRelav.

96

97

16 wlis zurabi1 galis raionis erT-erT sofelSi cxovrobs. igi meaTe klasis moswavlea. ixsenebs, konfliqtis meored eskalaciis Semdeg, rogor gadavida misi ojaxi droebiT zug-didSi da rogor dabrunda ukan-sakuTar miwa-wyalze, sadac saxli damwvari daxvda da mxolod garaJi SemorCeniliyo. igi mogviTxrobs, Tu rogor exmareba mamas fizikur SromaSi, rad-gan ojaxis erTaderTi saarsebo saSualeba aris miwaze muSaoba. zurabi gulistkiviliT aRniSnavs, rom mZime fizikuri Sromis gamo dro aRar yofnis swavlisTvis.

istoria Cawerilia qarTul enaze.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

zurabi

`skolaSi wasasvlelad vemzadebodi da srola daiwyo...~

pirveli devnilobis Sesaxeb araferi ar maxsovs, radgan 1993 wels 2 wlis viyavi. amitom amaze verafers ver getyviT. ̀ maisis movlenebis,~ anu konfliqtis meored eska-laciis dros afxazeTSi vcxovrobdi. es periodi bundovnad maxsovs. 1998 weli iyo, skolaSi, pirvel klasSi Sevdiodi da omic daiwyo. mecva perangi, halstuxi mekeTa, Tumca uSarvlod videqi, skolaSi wasas-vlelad vemzadebodi da srolac da iwyo. dedaCemi am dros saqonels devnida ezo-dan, rom uecrad mezobelma daiyvira, gada-devna moxdao. me yvelaferi mesmoda, deda-Cemma moirbina da sabuTebi, tansacmeli Tu fuli, rac gvqonda, yvelaferi erTad CavteneT. Semdeg Cemi da gavaRviZeT. amaso-baSi movidnen mezoblebi.

maT saxelebs ver vityvi, TiTqmis naxevari daRupulia. mivixed-movixede, Cemi mSo-blebi arsad Candnen da mezoblebs gavyevi. Cemi mSoblebi ki Turme me meZebdnen, meZa-

xodnen, ufiqriaT, raRac mouvidao. ager var-meTqi, daviZaxe, mezoblebmac uTxres, aq ariso. mezoblis Robeze gadavdiodiT da erT partizans mSoblebi gaufrTxi-lebia, Cumad iyaviTo, xma ar amoiRoT, ar SeiZlebao. amis mere movidnen Cemi mSoble-bic da через черный ход, Tu ra vici, ra jan-daba hqvia, buCqebiT da ase, xoxva-xoxviT gadavediT. movediT soflis centramde, sadac rusi samSvidoboebi iyvnen. isini gagvimaspinZldnen, zogma skami mogvitana, zogmac- wyali, saWmeli ar mourTmeviaT, magram mainc yuradReba mogvaqcies.

erTi SemTxveva maxsendeba: mamaCemi gahyva mezobeli kacis avtobuss, isini erTad wavidnen tansacmelebis mosatanad, rom saxlSi darCenili raRaceebi aeRoT. nivTe-bis naxevari buCqebSi iyo. mamas miugnia im buCqebisTvis da wamoiRo raRaceebi. am dros xma gavrcelda, mezoblis avtobusi afeTqdao. Turme Semcdaran, mezoblis sabednierod, misi avtobusi ar aRmoC-nda. dedaCemma daiwyo kivili, man jer ar

98

icoda, rom is mezoblis avtobusi ar iyo. me da Cemi da vamSvidebdiT, Cumad, Cumad nu yvirixar, sircxvilia, magram gekiTxebiT, sircxvils omSi vin Civis?... mere dabrunda mamaCemi jemprze didi ̀ дырка~ hqonda, xuTi Tu oTxi jempri ecva da `осколка” moxvda Turme, sami salto gaukeTebia da gada-vrdnila `канава”-Si.

~gadavrCiT...”

gadavrCiT... mere mezobelma avtobusiT wagviyvana zugdidSi. mamaCemi aq darCa. iq erTs vicnobdiT, `parikmaxerad~ muSao-bda zugdidis sadgurSi, Cveni naTesavi iyo. cxovrobda WiTawyarSi, bina hqonda iq, isic ltolvilebis bina iyo, yofili baRi. wavyeviT amaT daglejili, ekalze gamo-debuli da daxeuli tansacmliT. mivediT iq, erTi-ori Tve davyaviT, mere deidaCemi,

misi qmari movidnen, CvenTan wamo-

d i T o

_ SemogvTavazes. deidaCems orsarTu-liani saxli hqonda da erT sarTuls dagiTmobTo. saqonelic gadmovdevneT, ufro sworad mamaCemma gadmodevna. me maSin Svidi wlis viyavi.

gadavediT iqiT _ zugdidSi. didi man-qana _ gazeli aviyvaneT, davtvirTeT yve-laferi — Cala, Tiva, tansacmelebi, mere saqonelic aviyvaneT bortze. es yvelaferi saqonelTan erTad movaTavseT, imitom, rom adgili ar iyo. CavediT iq, erTi oTaxi yvelas gveyo. Cven oTxni viyaviT. mere skolaSi wasvlis droc movida, iq daviwye swavla, pirveli klasic iq davamTavre.

mama maleve dabrunda galSi. Cven dei-dasTan zugdidSi rom wavediT, mamaCemi iq ver gaCerda, nerviulobda da aqeT, galSi wamovida. saxlisTvis gaeros darigebuli Siferi unda gadagvexura. es Siferi gavyi-deT, pirveli ltolvilobis Semdeg meore ltolvilobamde periodSi (igulisx-meba 1993-1998 wlebi). am fuliT mamaCemma

`moskviCi” iyida da taqsaoba daiwyo zug-didSi. magram Zalian nerviulobda

afxazeTisa da Cveni soflis gamo.

zugdidis skolaSi maswav-leblebi Zalian did pativs gvcemdnen. gansakuTrebiT Cemi maswavlebeli maxsovs, radgan uzomod miyvarda.

Zalian kargi qali iyo. iseT maswavlebelze axlac ar vityvi

uars. megobrebSic gamimarTla. kargebi Semxvdnen.

pirveli klasi rom davamTavre, ojaxma dabruneba gadawyvita. mogve-

natra Cveni sofeli. mosavali iqnebao, Txili gvqonda darguli, siminds moviy-

S a v iz R v a

afxazeTi

gali

zugdidi

WiTawyaro

S a v iz R v a

afxazeTi

gali

zugdidi

WiTawyaro

99

vanTo da, ra vici, amisi gulisTvisac Camo-vediT. mogvbezrda zugdidSi cxovreba. Cveni sofeli mainc ukeTesia da gadavw-yviteT dabruneba.

davbrundiT da sul ori mezobeli dagvx-vda. erTi bavSvi iyo da danarCeni moxucebi. am bavSvma uceb moirbina da Cemze Tqva, ai, axali mezobelio, axali ki ara, Zveli viyavi, ubralod ar vaxsovdi. megruls TandaTanobiT vixsenebdi, daviwyebuli mqonda. zugdidSi Casulma qarTuli ar vicodi da iq viswavle. aqeT rom Camovedi, megruli damviwyeboda da xelmeored vis-wavle, axla orive vici.

`...garaJSi vcxovrobT~

Cveni saxli damwvari iyo. marto babua-Cemis aSenebuli garaJi iyo gadarCenili. axlac im garaJSi vcxovrobT. ra vqnaT, meti saSualeba ar aris. mamaCemi muSaobs, mec vexmarebi, fuls Cems das vugzavniT, romelic TbilisSi, universitetSi swav-lobs. erovnuli gamocdebiT Cairicxa.

mamaCemi manqaniT taqsaobda, es iyo misi Semosavali. mere manqana gavyideT. garaJi SuaSi gavyaviT, or oTaxad gadavakeTeT. erTi oTaxi me damiTmes da meore oTaxi - didebs, ufrosebs.

dabrunebis dros gzaSi saSiSroeba ar iyo, radgan rusi samSvidoboebi idgnen. mamaCemi ramodenimes icnobda, erTi kargi megobari hyavda. rusi iyo, magram... ambo-ben, rusebi Rorebi ariano, magram mTlad asec ar aris. aris patiosani da gulkeTili rusic. me axlac vicnob erT-or russ, rom-lebic ukve Cemi Zmakacebi arian, Tu sxvagan ar gadaiyvanes (gulisxmobs rus samSvido-boebs, romlebsac saguSago aqvT sofelSi]. isinic gvexmarebodnen, xandaxan. uceb

rom davbrundiT, saWmeli ar gvqonda da mogvces `kilka,~ `tuSonka,~ puri, murabis an jemis gasakeTeblad_ qilebi. ase avaw-yeT biznesi da saxlic.

garaJSi cxovreba rTulia. zamTarSi sicive da saswauli sinestea, anu `сырость.” sibin-Zurec aris. Spalieri Camolpa. zafxulSi ki cxela, kedels xels ver mokideb, isea gaxurebuli. mrcxvenia, ase rom vlapara-kob Cems saxlze, magram ra vqnaT, aseTia cxovreba

`mudmivad...stresis qveS...~

xandaxan karebs vaRebT, winaT gveSinoda yaCaRobis gamo, axla ki aRar gveSinia. erTxel, sadRac noemberi iyo Tu dekemberi, zustad ar maxsovs, movidnen yaCaRebi da... kari ar gavuReT. kivili avtexeT, qaliviT vkiodiT yvela — biWi, qali, kaci, gogo. srola atyda... erTi tyvia Cven gvesroles, romelic garaJis kars moxvda da gamovida meore mxares. kidev kargi АКС-is iyo, АКM-is rom yofiliyo, erT-erTi adamiani Cvens ojaxSi albaT daiRupeboda, magram gad-avrCiT. mere mezoblebic mocvivdnen. mere me da Cemi daiko mamidasTan gadagviyvanes., dayaCaRebis meore dRes, dedaCemma da mamaCemma aqeT gamogviSves. bavSvebi arian da SeeSindebaT, iqneb isev movidneno.

ar aris advili, mudmivad aseTi stresis qveS yofna, RamRamobiT yaCaRobis SiSiT.

`rva-cxra kilometrs fexiT davdiodi~

skola ar gvqonda, magram meore sofelSi iyo da rva-cxra kilometrs fexiT gav-diodiT me, Cemi da da kidev ramdenime, sadRac rva bavSvi. me yvelaze patara, meore klaseli viyavi. iyvnen meoTxe, meeqvse, merve klaselebic da ase dav-

100

diodiT fexiT. me marto viyavi meore klasSi. sami-oTxi dRis Semdeg, movida erTi iqauri, imsofleli gogo da erTad dav-diodiT skolaSi. pirvel da meore klass erTi maswavlebeli gvyavda, gaerTianeb-uli gakveTilebi gvitardeboda. mere Cvens sofelSic gaixsna skola, romelic Tavidan saxlSi mdebareobda, sadRac sami kilo-metri unda gamevlo, mere ufro centrSi _ sabWos SenobaSi gadmoitanes. meoTxe-mexuTe klasi iq viswavleT. mexuTe klasis meore semestrSi skolis Zvel adgilsamyo-felSi gadmovediT.

gzaSi Tu cal-calke movdiodiT, gveSinoda, magram Tu erTad viyaviT, araf-ris gveSinoda.

`skolis SenobaSi rusi samSvidoboebi iyvnen...~

skolis SenobaSi winaT rusi samSvidoboebi iyvnen. mere isini gadaiyvanes. maT gayva-namde jer erT-erT ojaxSi gaxsnes skola, mogvianebiT ki _ sabWos SenobaSi. mere movida brZaneba rusi samSvidoboebis mier skolis gaTaviseflebis Taobaze, da skola aaSenes. mere isev dabrundnen rusi samSvi-doboebi da axla, sadac kulturis saxli iyo, iq arian.

skolaSi davdivar, Zalian kmayofili var, magram swavlis ra mogaxsenoT. vmuSaob da mamaCems Cems meti aravin hyavs damxmare, biWs vgulisxmob, Torem gogoc hyavs. magram gogos ar scalia, axla universi-tetSi swavlobs da me vexmarebi. Tu ar var imdenad daRlili, movkideb wigns xels, Tu Zalian daRlil-daqanculi var an meZineba da raime mtkiva, maSin ra vqna, Cemi brali ar aris, ubralod aseTia cxovreba. arc piro-bebi da arc cxovreba xels ar miwyobs.

unda gamovtyde, mamaCems miwis samuSaoebSi vexmarebi, rac glexisTvis sircxvili sulac ar aris.

`Sroma sircxvili ar aris~

Sroma da glexisTvis Toxis dakaveba sircxvili ar aris. Toxi, SeSa, najaxi, bari, celi da ra vici, rac xelSi momxvdeba, yvelafers vakeTeb. es saqme ufro mdid-risTvis da vinc qalaqSi cxovrobs, imisT-vis aris sircxvili. aseTi xalsi ityvis, es bavSvi glexiao... magram Cven amiT virCenT Tavs sofelSi da axla_ qalaqSic...

skolaSi axlaxan stadioni gavakeTeT. ar vici, gaerom Tu arasamTavroboebma misces skolis direqtors 2000 lari Tu dolari. direqtorma am fuliT SeiZina cementi, milebi, bade, traqtors misca xreSis mosa-tanad fuli. oTxi-xuTi metri badiT ava-maRleT, burTi rom ar gadavides moedans miRma.. muSebs Cven, bavSvebic didi siam-ovnebiT vexmarebodiT da gavakeTeT sta-dioni. axla stadioni gvaqvs. zafxulSi imarTeba konkursebi frenburTSi, kalaT-burTSi, fexburTSi da magidis CogburTSi. mezobel soflebsac vejibrebiT, soxumSic ki iyo Cveni gundi, magram me ar wavedi.

sofelSi Cemi asakis sul sami biWi varT. Cemi xnis gogo ki oria. klasSi rva biWi da Svidi gogo varT. sxva klasebSi cota ufro metnic arian da cota ufro naklebnic. Tavisufal dros stadionze vTamaSobT, xan gogoebic gamodian da verTobiT ase.

devnilebis naxevari ar dabrunebula, magram mezoblebi sakmaod mravlad arian. axla zafxulSi bevri Camodis, erTmaneTs gavicnobT da ase mivyvebiT cxovrebas axalgazrdoba.

101

`uRels...swavla mirCevnia~

skolis damTavrebis Semdeg gegmebi maqvs. pirvel rigSi, vapireb universitetSi swav-lis gagrZelebas. Tu universitetSi ver Caviricxe, kolejSi mainc Sevecdebi moxve-dras. iuridiuli mqonda arCeuli, magram mamaCemma, arao, stomatologiuri daiJina da mec damiTanxma. Cemi dac stomatologi-urze swavlobs, fuls erTad gaakeTebT da cotas ojaxSi SemoitanTo- ambobs mama.

me mogzaurobaze vocnebob. magaliTad, minda wavide amerikaSi, rom vnaxo say-vareli msaxiobebi. Cemi sayvareli msa-xiobi jeki Cania. vgiJdebi masze, radgan sasacilo filmebs iRebs. roca vuyureb, sul mecineba. ise, warmodgenebis dadgma miyvars, gamomdis es xeloba da uars ver vambob. skolaSi xSirad vmarTavT RonisZie-bebs. mraval RonisZiebaSi vmonawileobdi. fizikuri Sromis uRels swavla mirCevnia.

axla kompiuteri aq, dabal zonaSi –galSi ar aris. kompiuteri CvenTvis aris saTamaSo dendi da soni, magram is ar aris swavlisT-vis. wignebis naxevars skolaSi gvirigeben da naxevars Cven vyideulobT. Cven bib-lioTekac gvaqvs, magram iq drois mixed-viT SeiZleba wignebis gamotana. sxvisi ar vici, magram me erTi kvira erTi wignisTvis ar meyofa, radgan sakmaod didi wignebia da dro ar myofnis, Tanac bevri samuSao maqvs. aqeT samuSaoa, iqiT_ sagnebi da, ra vici, aRar myofnis dro wignis kiTxvisTvis.

musikalur skolaSi mxolod pianinos aswavlian, isic swavlis periodSi. kidev cekvasac aswavlian, maswavlebeli aqau-ria... me qarTuli da aWaruli cekva maincda mainc ar miyvars, ufro repis Tayvanismce-meli var. reps biWebi ufro metad skolaSi RonisZiebis dros vcekvavT.

`Senobebi...dangreulia~

sportuli moednis garda, sxva gasarTobi araferi gvaqvs. Tumca, meti ra unda gaa-keTo sofelSi. yvela Senoba dangreu-lia. yvelafris xelaxla aRsadgenad, didi Tanxaa saWiro, amxela Tanxa ki Cvens sofelSi ar Semova. mosaxleobas romeli-Raca arasamTavrobo exmareba. magaliTad, axla xils, Txils, Semosavals matlebi, egreT wodebuli `amerikuli pepela~ asevia, wamali daariges. winaT arigebd-nen Toxs, bars, celofanebs, Sesawaml aparatebs, magram axla yvelaferi Sewyda.

axla damwvari saxlebis aRdgena mimdinare-obs. amboben, 15 ivlisis Semdeg daxmarebas oc ojaxs miscemeno.

afxazebi dadian sofelSi, magram afxazi patiosan xalxs ar erCis. ubedurebs, yaCa-Rebs da qurdebs ki iWeren, naxevari ukve mospes.

axla sabuTi maqvs gasakeTebeli, magram asaks vityuebi. xandaxan tyuilic saWiroa, radgan Tu zrdasruli xar, jarSi wagiy-vanen. iq, meore sofelSi 17-18 wlis bavSvebi waiyvanes jarSi da msaxuroben. ar minda mec igive Secdoma gavimeoro. jer jarSi yofna ar minda, radgan aq_afxazeTSi ra iqneba, aravin icis, da sakuTar TavSic darwmuneb-uli ar var. iaraRis xmareba ar vici. iaraRi xelSi arasdros mWeria da arc damWirdeba, Tu jarSi ar vimsaxureb. jarSi waval 19-20 wlis mere, 21 weli rom Semisruldeba. man-amde ki vecdebi, rom davemalo afxazebs. mogvianebiT, TviTon gadavwyvet, saiT wav-ide, iqiT_saqarTvelos jarSi Tu aqeT_afxazeTis jarSi.

102

103

88 wlis Tamari1 amJamad marto cxovrobs konfliqtis zonaSi, galis raionis sofel xumuSqurSi. misi Svili da SviliS-vilebi arian moskovSi, maTTan naklebi kontaqati aqvs. Tama-ris TqmiT, qarTul-afxazuri konfliqtis Sedegad mTeli sofeli dacarielebulia da mezoblebic aRar hyavs, rac Zalze mZimea martoxela moxucisaTvis. Tamaris fizikuri mdgomareoba sakmaod mZimea. konfliqtis dawyebamde, amave sofelSi cxovrobda, mxolod sxva adgilas, saidanac, Seqm-nili viTarebis gamo, iZulebuli gaxda wamosuliyo. mas ram-denjerme dauwves saxli konfliqtis dros, romelic Tavidan aaSena. Tamaris istoriaSi aRwerilia mogonebebi omis Sesaxeb, misi ojaxuri istoria da, agreTve, dRevandeli cxovreba afxazeTSi.

istoria Cawerilia megrul enaze, qarTulad iTargmna gaS-ifvris dros.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

Tamari

`Cemi cxovreba rTuli cxovrebaa~

o, Cemi cxovreba, rTuli cxovrebaa. bavS-vobac rTuli mqonda, roca Cven patarebi viyaviT, mamaCemi, rogorc trockisti, gadaasaxles. hoda, iq dagvekarga. mere deda gvzrdida xuT Svils. ase iyo Tu ise, skola davamTavreT, skolis mere dedaCemma TbilisSi, institutSi momawyo. instituti warCinebiT davamTavre, Semdeg wamovedi Cems qveyanaSi_afxazeTSi. aq rom Camovedi, maSin ganaTlebamiRebuli xalxi bevri ar iyo, amitom erTi ki ara, xuTi samuSao adgili mqonda. specialo-biTac davsaqmdi da sxva samuSaoc mqonda. cxovreba win midioda. didebulad warv-marTe Cemi cxovreba. mere bedic gamoCnda da gavTxovdi.

`am kacs ZaliT gaveyare~

bavSvi gamiCnda erTi, meore, magram es kaci meojaxe ver gamodga, loTi iyo. dadioda, svamda... Zalian bevrs Soulobda, Tumca ojaxSi gamousadegari iyo. ojaxze ar zrunavda, ar fiqrobda... wavedi sasamarT-loSi, Sevitane sarCeli, moviTxove gayra da Cemi Svilebis gazrda sakuTar Tavze Tavad aviRe ... am kacs, rom ityvian, ZaliT gaveyare. mere me da Cemi Svilebi erTad vcxovrobdiT. vagrZelebdiT cxovrebas, sasmeli, saWmeli gvqonda... or-sam adgi-las erTdroulad vmuSaobdi da fulic Semomdioda...

dRes ki xedav, ra dReSi var? Svili gavzarde, sazogadoebaSi gavrie, muSaobda da am areulobis dros vaJi omis dros dameRupa. Aai, Cemi cxovreba, Svili miwaSi misvenia, me ki

104

aq viTom vkivivar. es cxovrebaa, im sawyals Tavi gaaqvs `imqveynad~ da mec mis zurgze var?... gamzrdeli Svili miwaSi misvenia.. aseTi moklea Cemi istoria. mara rom vila-parako, aTi dRe ver movrCebi.

„ase var dakarguli qali~

am dawyevlilma omma, xedav, ra gaakeTa? RmerTma icis, araferi damiSavebia, da sofelSi yvelaze metad dazaralebuli me var. Cemze meti vis daekarga aq, vis? me erT oTaxSi rac mqonda, erT saxls amiSe-nebda... rva oTaxi mqonda, rvave Weramde qonebiT savse.

es yvelaferi cecxlma waiRo. cecxlma waiRo Tu kacma, mec ar vici, me es ar

minaxavs, imitom rom me „momkla,~ damWra da damagdo im kacma da ras vnaxavdi? dRemde aq vwvalob, bavSvebi aq ver Cerdebian, SiSo-ben, xan vis iWeren da xan – vis. xalxi iZu-lebuli gaxda devnilobaSi saqarTvelos sxva mxares. an sazRvrebs gareT gadaxve-wiliyo... viwvale, vimuSave.. aq avaSene, rac SevZeli. saswaulia, magram vfiqrobdi, rom movkvde, Cemi mazlis Svils saxli ar hqonda, arc me mqonda da sad damasveneben- meTqi, da am principiT, es saxli avaSene. es Tu aSenebulia? hoda, var aq...

Cemi cxovreba rTulad mosayoli ambavia, veravis ver vuambob da amiT ver davRli. ase var me, dakarguli qali, da dRemde wva-lebiT movdivar. zogjer cudad vxdebi, im dRes ezoSi daveci, wvimda, qveyana iqce-

oda, ver vdgebodi... sveli, gawuwuli saRamomde vcaxcaxebdi, sanam

mezobelma cxeniT ar Camoiara da Cemi yvirilis xma ar gaigo. movida, amaTria, saxlSi SemaTria da iq damagdo. aseTi cxovreba maqvs da ramdeni xani davyo ase? aTasi raRaca gavsinje, mara araferi gamomi-vida. ai, es Tokic mZuls.

es yvelaferi damcvivdeba, tansacmeli gamZvreba da SiS-

veli unda daekido iq, mterma mnaxa me iq SiSveli dakidebuli.

cxovreba ukan-ukan midis, aravi-Tari winsvla ar aris... ai, asea es

yvelaferi.

`mters ver vusurveb, aq rom ambavi iyo~

mters ver vusurveb, aq rom ambavi iyo.

r u s e T i

S a v iz R v a

xumuSquri

zugdidi

moskovi

AafxazeTi

r u s e T i

S a v iz R v a

xumuSquri

zugdidi

moskovi

AafxazeTi

105

refamde iyvnen mosuli afxazebi, qveyana iqceoda, me ki oCamCiridan disSvilebi, siZe_ yvela Sevkribe Cems saxlSi. Seme-Sinda, es xalxi aq ar amomiwyviton- meTqi... Sin Sevirbine, xedavT, ra ambavia.. daiwva, mTlianad sofeli-meTqi. mTlianad iwvoda refi. cecxli ekida yvelafers, Sife-rebi skdeboda cecxlisgan, saSineli xma ismoda.. saSineleba iyo, saSineleba..

rodesac pirvelad gadawves sofeli, Cven tyeSi vimalebodiT, sadRac iqiT, bokveTSi me, Cemi qaliSvili, misi qmar-Svi-liT... Cemma siZem aitaca patara gogo da mirboda. Cvenc mivZuZunlebdiT, uecrad bavSvma Tavi gadaagdo, amis danaxvaze kinaRam iqve movkvdi, megona cocxali aRar iyo. vikivle. Cemma Svilmac dainaxa es, vkivivarT orive da mivrbivarT. bavSvs Tavi gadmogdebuli hqonda, mamamisi miar-beninebda...

`tyvia mainc esrolaT da moeklaT~

wyalze gadavediT, sad viyaviT, ar vici. svelebi, gawuwulebi tyeSi SevCerdiT. bavSvi cocxali rom dagvxvda, suli movi-TqviT. ramdeni xani visxediT iq, vin icis? sanam ar daRamda da srolebi ar miwynarda, sanam am xalxma barRebi ar gadalaxa da ar wavida, tyeSi visxediT. vinc aq erTxel mainc ar yofila da es yvelaferi saku-Tari TvaliT ar unaxavs, sinamdvileSi ra icis, ra xdeboda aq... aravin ar icis, vinc aq bolomde ar yofila...

rodesac Cven tyeSi vimalebodiT, im dros Zmebi daiWires_ moswavleebi, me-10 kla-selebi, warmoSobiT qvemo barRebidan iyvnen, daiWires da tyeSi waiyvanes.. tyvia mainc esrolaT da moeklaT, daukodiaT erTi bavSvi. KbavSvi kioda Turme da Zmas

exveweboda, miSveleo... is eubneboda, me ra giSvelo, uares dReSi varo, isic daa-saWurises, da mere orive mokles. es ris-Tvis Caidines? sadistoba ar iyo gana? aba, ra iyo...

meore istoria aseTia_ kameCebiviT uRelSi Seabes Zmebi, ramdenime kilome-tri tvirTi azidvines, mere isini daxoces da wyals gaayoles. aq rom ambebi datri-alda, ena ver ityvis... vin icis, kidev ram-deni aseTi istoria moxda...

`mesmoda, rogor morakrakebda Cemi sisxli~

pirvelad rom movidnen afxazebi Cems saxlSi, zeviT airbines.. iq yvelaferi gaa-nadgures, micvalebulis niSani2 iyo gaS-lili, is moSales.. sasmeli-saWmeli aiRes da Camovidnen. damiZaxes: „Накорми нас!~. vupasuxe: „Давайте, заходите~. Semovidnen, gamovutane sasmel-saWmeli... davsvi eseni, gavaZRe... xmeli, wiTeli suluguni, Sebo-lili yveli mivutane. arafers ar tovebd-nen.. yvelaferi mihqondaT. erTma uTxra meores afxazurad, Sen dainaxe saidan moi-tanao?

meorem miugo, ar davkvirvebivaro. ra suleli xar, ratom ar daakvirdio. mTeli cxovreba afxazeTSi gavatare da mesmoda ena... „Давайте пойдем, я покажу, нечего ругаться~, miviyvane, sadac yveli mqonda damaluli da vuTxari: „Вот, говорю, заберите~. Turme amis wasaRebad zurgCanTa ndomebia, da miTxra, momecio zurgCanTa. Я говорю: „У меня такого нет, пожалуйста, возьми мешок~. rogor miTxari, ara maqvso? da gagiJda. Я говорю: „У меня нету в семье боеви-ков, зачем мне вещмешок?~...

2 afxazeTSi micvalebulis dasaflavebis mere erTi weli misi tansacmeli da fexsacmeli taxtze aris gaSlili, amas niSans eZaxian

106

SeiZleba iTqvas, am Selaparakebas ga davyevi... da imaT, afxazebma damWres... patara biWma gaisrola, magram kargad ver isrola. Torem im siaxlovidan xuT kacs erTad moklavda.

Cemi gogo, misi qmari da bavSvebi aq iyvnen, mara ukve tyeSi iyvnen gaqceuli.. me Cemi saxlisa da odas Sua damWra im kacma, iq vegde. zevidan xmauri mesmoda, imitom rom saxlidan yvelaferi gahqondaT... oRond wamodgomis Zal-Rone ar mqonda. rogorc ki daveci, fexebi wamerTva. mes-moda, rogor morakrakebda Cemi sisxli, magram Zala ar mqonda da vegde, aba, ra meqna. eseni Camovidnen zevidan da erTma dauZaxa meores, aq modio, isic movida.. momkides aqeT-iqidan xeli da saxlSi Sema-Tries.

`yvelafers cecxli ekida~

ra gegma hqondaT, ar vici, oTaxSi patara taxtze damagdes.. me amdeni sad SemeZlo, sisxlisgan viclebodi, goneba mekarge-boda da vegde iq. ar vici, eseni ra dros wavidnen.. Turme saxlisTvis cecxli wau-kidiaT... raRacam gaanaTa da aman gamomaf-xizla. davinaxe cecxli mZvinvarebda, yve-lafers ekida- zeviT, qveviT.. gulSi vfi-qrobdi, cocxlad mwvaven- meTqi, magram ver vinZreodi. cecxli ukve mosuli iyo Cemamde. Bbolo-bolo imdeni vqeni, rom cali fexi Camovagde, mere... Tavi Camo-vigde.. vfiqrobdi gareT gaRwevas...

vijeqi erT adgilas da vtirodi, am dros raRaca saSineli xmauriT wamovida da magidaze daeca... Zlivs davweqi iatakze da gveliviT gavxoxdi, gavCoCdi... amasobaSi, dailewa yvelaferi da saxli cecxlis alSi gaexvia. aivnamde gaWirvebiT mivedi

da ezoSi, sadac didi msxali idga, iqamde mivaRwie.. Zala damekarga da cudad gavxdi. vifiqre, vegdebi aq -meTqi, mara wamovida saSineli cecxli.. imdeni movaxerxe, rom muxlebze davdeqi... da cota xniT dasasve-neblad xes Semovexvie... Zlivs movisvene, suli moviTqvi.

`iqidan amosvla iyo raRac jojoxeTi~

amasobaSi, irgvliv yvelaferi gaxurda... vxedavdi, cecxli rogor mekideboda.. Tavs Zala davatane... fexze davdeqi da xes miveyude. vifiqre, cota suls moviTqvam da boselSi waviReb rogorme Tavs- meTqi.. sakmaod davisvene da wavedi, wavedi iseTi inerciiT, rom kars mivejaxe, CamoviRe da ase Sevedi boselSi... saqonlisTvis finaxarSi saWmeli gamzadebuli mqonda da iq Cavweqi. ah, amis gaxsenebac mZuls. viweqi da Tan vfiqrobdi, aq Semovlen da aq damwvaven-meTqi... mara iqidan amosvla raRac jojoxeTi iyo...

cota xnis mere gavixede da moSorebiT boZi davinaxe, ar gindoda am boZamde misvla?... imdeni vqeni, rom finaxaridan amovZveri da am boZamde mivCoCdi... xelebi Semov-xvie... kargad davisvene, inerciiT wavedi mazlis ezosken da ezos kars miveyude... mas davunaxivar da ikivla. movida saw-yali, SemaTria SigniT da aivanze damagdo. ase davaRwie saSinelebas Tavi.

am dros Cemebi-qaliSvili, siZe da SviliS-vilebi tyeSi gaqceulan, raRac mili unax-iaT da Sig SemZvralan. Cemi gogo Turme fiqrobda, damTavrebulia, yvelas-oTxi-ves dagvxocaveno, magram RvTis wyalobiT gadarCnen. rodesac jariskacebi maTken mirbodnen, eseni ver dainaxes, gadair-bines xidi da gaiqcnen. rodesac ojaxis

107

wevrebi saxlSi dabrundnen, naxes, yve-laferi gadamwvari iyo, me ki ganadgure-buli da daWrili.

`rva dRe sisxlisgan viclebodi~

daWrili viyavi, amitom ver gadavediT zugdidSi. galSi kaci gauSves, auxsnes viTareba, qalia daWrili da gadasayva-niao, magram ar wamovidnen, yvelas eSi-noda.. rva dRe uwamlod sisxlisgan viclebodi, muceli gamebera... vkvdebodi, magram saSveli ar iyo, enguris ad mi ni-s tra ciuli sazRvris siaxlovesac ver mixvidodi.

erTaderTi imedi siZis manqana iyo, rome-lic Cais foTlebSi gadavmale, moWrili Cai zevidan eyara da ar Canda... es Cai biWebma gamoitanes, gadayares da manqana gamoiyvanes, magram manqana ver daiZra. Semdeg kameCebze Seabes, kameCebi saerTod ver wavidnen... mgoni, mecxre dRe iyo... me sazidarze-cxenze Sebmul uremze, damawvines, bavSvebi zeviT dasves, TviTon siZe ar damjdara, qaliSvili xan fexiT modioda, xan jdeboda. kidev soflis ram-denime qali gamogvyva, wamiyvanes RamiT zugdidisken. enguramde nel-nela mive-diT da engurs gaRma gadavediT...

iq, zugdidSi, erTi Rame viRacis ojaxSi gagvaCeres.. Semdeg mimiyvanes WiTawya-ris saavadmyofoSi, damawvines da meore dResve operacia gamikeTes. operacia ras uSvelida... raRac `atviortkasaviT~ neknsa da nekns Soris gamirWo eqimma da iqidan SpriciT amohqonda dampali, Segu-bebuli sisxli.

amis Semdeg, oTx maiss qaliSvilma moskovSi wamiyvana. iq sami Tve aparatze SeerTeb-uli saavadmyofoSi viweqi. eqimi gakvirve-

buli iyo, am mdgomareobaSi myofi cocx-ali rogor gadarCio?... Aamis mere eqimTan unda mevlo, magram iqaurobas ver vime-tebdi, vicodi, ver mivatovebdi. megona, yvelaferi Zveleburad damxvdeboda. ki vxedavdi, Tavdasxmisas saxlSi yvelafers cecxli rom ekida da naxSirad iqca, magram xom iciT, rogoria adamianis buneba, cuds ar vijerebdi da ar veguebodi.

`yvelaferi ganadgurebuli iyo~

marto davbrundi... Cems mters, rac me iq vnaxe, sad iyo uwindeli saxl-kari? nasax-lari da ganadgurebuli damxvda.

me zugdidSi, cota xniT, sul orjer viyavi gadasuli, magram iq ver vicxovreb, ar SemiZlia... verafriT ver gavCerdi. TiTqos yvelanairi gansxvavebaa Cvensa da imaT Soris, xalxic sxvanairia...

cota xani davrCi bavSvebTan, mere avdeqi da wamovedi. gzad, engurze damxvda inter-vius amRebi erTi Jurnalisti da mkiTxa, rom midixarT, ra imediT midixarTo? ra imediT da vici, rom Cemi meore saxlic damwvaria, mara mainc mivdivar.. me aq mainc ver vicxovreb-meTqi. ratom, cudad xom ar geqceviano? me vis vuSli, magram mainc ara- meTqi,-vupasuxe. mere migiReben iqiTo? me rac mWirs, udanaSaulobaa da rom ar mimiRon, amisi uflebac ara aqvT -meTqi. advilad gamomiSves afxazebma. vTxove da avuxseni, rom cudad viyavi, didxans fexze ver vdgebodi. gamiSves da movaRwie aqamde.

`meored dawiokeba~

maisis movlenebamde, anu 1998 wlis kon-fliqtis eqskalaciamde, SviliSvilebis daxmarebiT, orsarTuliani, lamazi da

108

koxta saxli avaSene, moskovidan Camovid-nen dasaxmareblad... iqac dagvawiokes. im dRes bavSvebi ezos alagebdnen da nagavs yridnen, uecrad gavixede, Cems bavSvebs ukan avtomatianebi mohyvebodnen. kina-Ram movkvdi da daveci. maTi dedac saSin-lad mSiSaraa, maT danaxvaze, ar megona, Tu SiSisgan guli ar gauskdeboda ...

Semovidnen da gvSiao. kai dedis Svili iyavi da, aba, ar gagekeTebina, rasac gTxov dnen. qaTami davkaliT, Romi davadgiT, mara am qals saxeze feri ar edo, eSinoda... mixvda is mamaZaRli. „Чего боишься?~- hkiTxa. „Мы люди~.

`kargebic erivnen maT Soris~

kargebic erivnen maT Soris... xelaRebiT yvelas galanZRva ar SeiZleba. iq kargi xalxic iyo. gavukeTeT saWmeli, davsviT magidasTan, Wamis dros SviliSvils dauZa-xes: „Ты здесь хозяин, сядь~ da dasves. Wames, sves, rom gaZRnen, wasvla daapires. uceb cxeni dainaxes ezoSi, daiWires da gadawyvi-tes wayvana. es cxeni SviliSvilma gogom gazarda, bavSvma rom dainaxa, mihyavdaT, gaskda tiriliT. me vuTxari, am cxeniT da sazidriT kviraSi erTxel bavSvebi galSi, skolaSi dadian –meTqi. es aris amaTi tran-sporti da vTxove, ar waerTmiaT. UerT-erTma, romelic maTi ufrosi iyo, danarCe-nebs dauZaxa da uTxra: „Отпусти!~ da gaaSve-bina cxeni. maTi wasvlis Semdeg, es bavSvi dasiebuli TvalebiT idga, Turme Zalian utiria, magram misTvis vis ecala...

`verasdros davamTavre saxlebis aSeneba~

veRar gavCerdi im sofelSi, sadac adre vcxovrobdi, dRisiT afxazebi dadiod-nen, RamiT_ Tavze niRabCamocmuli viRac

yaCaRebi. Aarafers gvitovebdnen, ukanas-kneli nivTic ki mihqondaT. vifiqre, am bavSvebs aq SiSiT gamiwyveten-meTqi da wamovediT. aq xumuSqurSi Tavdapirvelad axloblis saxlSi SevediT, iq mcire xans vcxovrobdiT. bavSvebisTvis ukeTesi iyo, Tundac skolis siaxlovis gamo da davr-CiT.

mere vifiqre, me SeiZleba xval movkvde, es bavSvebi ki mindvrad damirCeba-meTqi da saxlis aSeneba gadavwyvite. sawyalma Cemma mazlma ezo momiZebna, mezobeli soflidan traqtori moviyvaneT, gavwmin-deT da SemovRobeT. avaSeneT saxli, iseTi kargi gamovida, arasdros ar vifiqrebdi sxvaze... am saxlsac cecxli waukida da nacartutad aqcia im afxazma. mogvianebiT aSenebuli es meore saxlic damiwves...

amis mere CemiT gavakeTe patara ficruli saxlis sadgomi. mezoblis biWebma gada-mixures, raRaceebi me TviTon mivaWede, verasdros davamTavre saxlebis aSeneba.. vifiqre, es boloa da cota ukeTess gava-keTeb- meTqi da mTlad saSineleba gamov-ida, guli mikvdeba, rom vuyureb..

`maisis movlenebis Semdeg aravin ar dabrunda~

maisis movlenebis Semdeg aravin ar dabrunda.. aris aq kargi rame, rom isev dasaxldnen? aq xalxs saxlebSi uvarde-bian, cemen, klaven. SeeSinda adamians da wavida. iq, devnilobaSi lukmas mainc Wams gemrielad da ar eSinia. aq ki vin daaxr-Cobs da vin moklavs, ar icis.

axlaxan viRacam xuTi wlis xari mompara, ai, aq ezos karebTan idga.. kidev ori cxeni erTad damekarga... sxvisTvis ver imuSaveb. Tu Zroxas, Rors, goWs ver gazrdi, rogor

109

unda icxovro? ra aris aseTi cxovreba?

`Cveni xalxisTvis araferi ar aris aq~

Cveni xalxisTvis araferi ar aris. vinc afxa-zebs aris mikedlebuli, maT yuradRebas aqceven. magram ukeTesi wasasvleli adgili arsad ara gvaqvs da amitomac varT aq.

axla xSirad aRar dadian afxazi meom-rebi, aravin ar aris aq. afxazebi, afxaze-bio da yvelaferi maT rom daabralo, isic ara sworia, imitom rom Cvenebi uaress akeTebdnen.

gadasaxadebi bevria... yovelwliurad TiToeulma ojaxma afxazebs asi kilo Txili unda Caabaros. unda Seugrovo, daurCio da misce... Tu ar aris mosavali, maSin unda iyido da misce. simindic unda Caabaro... oRond ramdeni, ar vici. Tumca, CemTvis ori welia ar gadauxdevinebiaT, aravin mosula, radgan me ver vToxni..

sul Sin vzivar da versad ver davdi-var. amitom is vici, rac gamigia... mezo-bel sofelSi amdens ar ixdian, radgan patroni-kargi gamgebeli hyavT. es Cveni gamgebeli ki TviTonac xelebs iTbobs, TviTonac isakuTrebs.. da ras etyvi. gag-vatyaves...

`gafuWebulia xalxi~

me iq, sofelSi, sadac uwin vcxovrobdi, ukanasknel wels xuTas kilo Txils vagro-vebdi, SviliSvili agrovebda, Torem me risi maqnisi viyavi. kargi mosavlis dros, aTasi kiloc gamodioda. SarSan ormoc-daaTi kilo momitanes. sxvam Seagrova, nawili afxazebs misca da danarCeni Tvi-Ton waiRo... aq moitana da dayara imitom, rom vicnob da Sercxva, Torem im ormoc-

daaT kilosac ar momcemda.

meti ar SemiZlia. yvelaferi amaT undaT... SeSis fulsac vixdiT.. me wleuls erTi cali SeSa ar damiwvia. Tanac aravin mya-vda, rom daeWra...

sad aris sofeli, rom vakvirdebi, sul aRar aris darCenili. sadaa xalxi? sad arian adamianis msgavsni? adamiani saer-Tod araa. Cveni xalxic gafuWda. arafriT ar dagindoben... aq tarieliviT biWebi cxovrobdnen, imaTi SiSi da ridi hqondaT, axla aravin aRar aris da, rogorc undaT, ise daTareSoben. Zalian cudad iqcevian... rogor SeiZleba yvelaferis ganadgureba... aRarc skola aris... daangries, waiRes Ta vianT saxlebSi da daawyves.

`es qveyana mTlad ase rogor unda daikargos~

es qveyana mTlad ase rogor unda daikar-gos? nuTu patroni aravin gamouCndeba? axla ki vxedav, TbilisSi ra ambebia, ra mowinaaRmdegebi hyavs saakaSvils. saaka-Svilma Tbilisi gaalamaza, dedaqalaqs daamsgavsa, yvelafers erTad xom ver gaakeTebs? magram xalxic unda amoudges, erTi iqiT miiwevs, meore aqeT, ase araferi ar gamova...

ase yovelTvis areuloba iqneba, Tu vinme meTauri ar gamoCnda. me saakaSvilze did imedebs vamyarebdi, magram uTvalavi mowi-naaRmdege gamouCnda, uTvalavi.

110

111

ekaterina gubieva 27 wlisaa. samxreT oseTis teritoriaze qarTul-osuri konfliqtis dawyebisas, is jer kidev bavSvi iyo. amitom mis mogonebebSi im wlebis movlenebis Sesaxeb emociebi sWarbobs, iseTi emociebi, romlebic mxolod `omis bavSvebs” SeiZleba hqondeT – mZa-fri da Zalian sevdiani... Eekaterina yveba mSoblebis tragikul isto-rias, dedisas, romelsac, sami bavSviT xelSi, martos mouxda kon-fliqtis zonidan gamosvla da mamisas, romelic samxreT oseTis mTe-bze ramdenime dRe gadmodioda, da es ramdenime dRe mTel cxovrebas udrida. igi gadarCa, yvela gansacdelis miuxedavad. am periodSi, igi, erovnebiT osi, Sexvda erovnebiT qarTvel adamians, romelmac cxovrebis yvelaze saSinel momentSi daxmarebis xeli gauwoda; mas Semdeg isini Zmebad miiCnevdnen erTmaneTs.

istoria Cawerilia rusul enaze.

ekaterina

„megobrulad, mxiarulad vcxovrobdiT – erTi didi ojaxi `

Cven gvarad gubievebi varT. saxelad Eeka-terina mqvia, deda rusi myavs, amitom saxelic rusuli maqvs, bebiis sexnia var. mamas zaxari erqva. deda ruseTSi gaicno. iq Cadioda xolme samuSaod. iqidan Cam-oiyvana deda Cvens sofel arcevSi. myavs da-Zma. da ufrosia, ruseTSi daibada, me da Cemi Zma ki – arcevSi. megobrulad, mxi-arulad vcxovrobdiT – erTi didi ojaxi. mamaCems kidev xuTi da-Zma hyavs. didi saxli gvqonda. saqoneli da Ffrinveli gvyavda. mxiaruli da gamorCeuli bavS-voba gavatareT.. yvelaze Zalian tyeSi siaruli da marwyvis Segroveba gviyvarda. kidev, Tivis Segroveba mitacebda Zalian.

rodesac deda samxreT oseTSi Camovida, male SeeCvia aqaurobas, radgan cxovreba maSin mSvidi, wynari iyo. samsaxurSi spe-

cialobiT moewyo. muSaobda soflis ambulatoriaSi. kidev, araCveulebri-vad kargad uZRveboda meurneobas sax-lSi. ruseTSic soflad cxovrobda. ami-tom maindamainc didi gansxvaveba aq ar ugrZvnia. miT umetes, rom CvenTan keTil-ganwyobili xalxia.

Cveni sofeli, arcevi or nawilad – osurad da qarTulad iyofa, anu TiTqos ori nax-evrisgan Sedgeba. bavSvebi megobrobdnen, da, aseve, ufrosebic erTmaneTis mimarT keTilganwyobilni iyvnen, ra Tqma unda...

„Cveni gegmebi erT wamSi CaiSala `

wlebi gadioda, Cven vizrdebodiT, mSob-lebs unda efiqraT Cvens momavalze, ganaTlebaze. vinaidan mama qalaqSi mSen-eblobaze muSaobda, man gadawyvita, cxin-valSi, binis misaRebad rigSi Caweriliyo. mTeli ojaxi mouTmenlad eloda, rodis

112

s o m x e T i

r u s e T i

samxreT oseTi

arcevi

s o m x e T i

r u s e T i

samxreT oseTi

arcevi

113

miviRebdiT binas da gadavidodiT sacx-ovreblad cxinvalSi. gansakuTrebiT, Cven – bavSvebi. Cven gvindoda, sxva bavS-vebis msgavsad, kinoTeatrebSi, parkebSi gvevlo, karuselze gvetriala. vai, rom, Cveni gegmebi erT wamSi CaiSala. namdvili omi daiwyo, omi, da ara osur-qarTuli kon-fliqti, rogorc axla mas uwodeben. Cvens Tvalwin dawves Cveni sofeli. Cven tyeSi vimalebodiT, vxedavdiT, rogor iwvoda Cveni da mamaCemis mSoblebis saxli. Cvens gverdiT deda iyo. mama im dros qalaqSi, samsaxurSi imyofeboda. da iq darCa. ra gveqna, sxvebis msgavsad, dedamac gadaw-yvita cxinvalSi wavsuliyaviT mTebis gav-liT.

Cemi Zma maSin Zalian patara iyo. dedas xelSi ayvanili mihyavda, Cven ki, rom ar davkargu-liyaviT, misi kabis kalTas vebRauWebodiT. tyiT mivdiodiT, zamTari iyo. Zalian gveSinoda, gvzafravda. Cven ar vicodiT, ra win gveloda, ver vxdebodiT, sad miv-diodiT, ratom mivdiodiT, ratom aRar gvqonda saxli? rodesac deda daiRala da bavSvis xeliT tareba veRar SeZlo, man moixs na TavSali, Semoixvia mkerdze, Sig Cemi Zma Casva da gza ase ganagrZo... mere, me mgoni, mamis naTesavebTan mivediT. aRar maxsovs, mainc patara viyavi. mamas versad vpoulob-diT. maxsovs, deda darboda, eZebda, magram ver poulobda. rogorc deda hyveba, sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi araferi vicodiT mamas Sesaxeb...

Semdeg dedam gamoarkvia, rom mama daupa-timrebia qarTul policias, romelmac omis pirvel dRes daikava qalaqi – mama Tbilisis cixeSi aRmoCnda. deda cdi-lobda, rogorme dakavSireboda, gamo-eyvana cixidan, magram uSedegod. mere,

etyoba, RmerTma gviSvela. cxinvalSi dedam gaicno qarTveli qali, romelsac meuRle osi hyavda, mamamisi ki TbilisSi muSaobda. Zalian ganaTlebuli, inteli-genti adamiani aRmoCnda. Tavisi axali megobris daxmarebiT, deda daukavSirda mas, man ki, Tavis mxriv, TxovniT mimarTa saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros. albaT, misi werili iseTi gulisSemZvreli iyo, rom iq miiRes gadawyvetileba – mama gaenTavisufebinaT. rogorc amboben: `мир не без добрых людей”.

„...kidev erTxel vityvi: мир не без добрых людей!~

mama gaanTavisufles da axla giambobT, rogor moaRwia man Cvenamde. cixidan rom gamouSves, sabuTebi ar hqonda, nacemi iyo, Catexili neknebiT, tansacmlis gareSe. cxadia, mas SeeSinda pirdapiri gziT - qarTuli qalaqebisa da soflebis gavliT, cxinvalSi Casvla da gadawyvita mTebiT gadasuliyo, iseve, rogorc Cven. mamam Semdeg gviambo, rom miznad daisaxa Casuliyo yazbegamde, CrdiloeT ose-Tis mimarTulebiT, saqarTvelos samx-edro gziT, iqidan ki mTis Zalian viwro bilikiT, romelic, zustad ar maxsovs, mgoni, sofel kevselTSi Cadioda, samxreT oseTSi moxvedriliyo.

mamam mogviyva, rogor CaaRwia Tbili-sis gareubnamde. me mgoni, nataxtari hqvia, sofelia TbilisTan axlos. iq gza iyofa: erTi gza – samxreT oseTisaken midis, meore ki –CrdiloeTi oseTisaken, vladikavkazisken, fasanauris, kobis, yazbegis gavliT. am gzis gasayarze mama cdilobda im mxares mimavali manqanebis gaCerebas, magram uSedegod. saRamoxans,

114

bedma gauRima, manqana gauCera mamakacma da daTanxmda wayvanas. mZRoli enawyliani aRmoCnda. gaabes saubari. mamam uambo, rac Tavs gadaxda. mZRoli qarTveli iyo, deda ki osi hyolia. kidev erTxel vityvi: `мир не без добрых людей!” man gulTan axlos miitana mamaCemis mdgomareoba, moatri-ala manqana da Tavisi saxlisken gaemarTa.

am keTil adamians sandro erqva. man miiy-vana mama Tavis saxlSi. asadila. gaaTbo. tani daabanina. Semdeg magari naxvevi daado gulmkerdze, mamas xom neknebi hqonda gatexili. daaZina. mamas ori dRe-Rame eZina. mTeli es dro sandro mas uvlida. Ddro da dro aRviZebda, rom saWmeli mieca. mamaze ki, etyoba, samTvianma daRlilobam imoqmeda da gaRviZeba uWirda. rodesac amam Rone moikrifa, sandrom sakuTari manqaniT miiyvana CrdiloeT oseTis gzaze mdebare bolo qarTul soflamde, oRond saxeli ar maxsovs. iqidan ki mamas ukve fexiT mouwia wamosvla.

„adamiani... gadarCenisaTvis yvelafers gaakeTebs~

nela, magram imedianad ganagrZo mamam gza. Tovliani, susxiani zamTari iyo. Zalian didxans midioda. rogorc ambobs gayinvis, dacemis eSinoda, magram Svilebis, ojaxis naxvis survili mZlavrobda. amis garda, sad wauxval sicocxlis wyurvils?! rogorc iqna, miaRwia zaris gzamde1, romelsac dRes osebi `sicocxlis gzas” uwodeben. maSin es iyo patara biliki, romelic zaris tyeSi gadioda. Mmamam gadawyvita cota xani Seesvena da gza Semdeg ganegrZo, radgan ukve bneldeboda. YtyeSi male Ramdeba. Yyve-laze axlos mdebare soflamde – zaramde sul araferi – Tormetiode kilometri

1 movliTi satransporto arteria, romelic akavSirebs samxreT oseTs transkavkasiur avtomagisralTan (transkamTan), da gverds uqcevs cxinvals iqiT ganlagebul qarTul soflebs

rCeboda, da mamam uecrad dainaxa, rom mas mglebi alyaSi aqcevdnen, mas ki joxis garda araferi hqonda Tan.

magram, rogorc etyoba, adamiani iseTi arsebaa, romelic gamouval situaciaSi yvelafers akeTebs gadarCenisTvis. Hhoda, mamamac amaze ukeTesi veraferi moigona da daiwyo mTeli xmiT yvirili, mTeli Rame yviroda. xom gesmiT, mTeli Rame yviroda!.. ar vici, rogor imoqmeda aman mglebze. isini ar gaqceulan, magram arc Tavs dasx-mian. mxolod gamTeniisas gamoCnda ada-mianebis jgufi, romelTac am `sicocxlis gziT” qalaqidan bavSvebi gamohyavdaT. maT Tan iaraRi hqondaT, cecxli gaxsnes, SeaSi-nes mglebi da mamaCemi gadaarCines. Aim erT RameSi mama gaTeTrda. saxlamde ki TiTq-mis erTi Tvis Tavze moaRwia... mamas Zalian undoda sandrosTan Sexvedra da madlobis Tqma. Mmagram saqme is iyo, rom amdeni gan-sacdelis Semdeg, mamas saqarTvelosken gamgzavrebaze fiqric ki ar SeeZlo. Tu ar vcdebi, 2000 wels mamam sandro Cven-Tan, cxinvalSi, dapatiJa. magram sandroc moerida samxreT oseTSi Camosvlas da maSin maT gadawyvites neitralur teritoriaze, qalaq vladikavkazSi Sexvedrodnen erTma-neTs. dedamac moindoma wasvla da sandros gacnoba, raTa piradad gamoexata madlie-reba sikeTisa da mamaze zrunvis gamo. deda da mama Zalian kmayofilebi dabrundnen vladikavkazidan, etyoba, Sexvedram kar-gad, Tbilad Caiara.

ase SeerTda Cveni ojaxi. Cven, rogorc sxva iZulebiT gadaadgilebulni, sa cxov-reblad qarTul saxlSi SevediT, saxlis patronma, qarTvelma, omis dros cxinvali datova. omis damTavrebis Semdeg, dedam cxinvalSi specialobiT muSaoba daiw yo.

115

mama TandaTan cxovrebis normalur ritms daubrunda da ojaxis Sesanaxad, mtvirTavad moewyo. magram gadatanilma stresma mis janmrTelobas daRi daasva. igi tuberkuloziT daavadda. Uukve ori welia, rac cocxali aRar aris ...

„cxovreba grZeldeba~

Mmagram cxovreba grZeldeba. me gavTxovdi. ori Svili myavs. Cemi dac gaTxovilia. Zma ki dedasTan cxovrobs im saxlSi, romelSic Cven CavsaxldiT. Cems Zmas hyavs sacole, magram jer colis moyvana gauWirdeba. sacxovrebeli pirobebi da finanasuri mdgomareoba amis saSualebas ar aZlevs. … deda ganagrZobs muSaobas. orives – Zmasac da dedasac – aqvT Semosavali, magram es ar yofniT, rom gafarTovdnen. FmTeli fuli mxolod saWmelze midis. mamaCemis debi da Zmebi janmrTelni, cocxlebi arian. ori maTgani iZulebiT gadadgilebuli piria da CrdiloeT oseTSi cxovrobs. Cven, cxadia, vurTierTobT, erTmaneTs mxars vuWerT am Cvens rTul droSi...

„Cemi cxovrebis Tilisma~

Hho, iciT, me maqvs Cemi patara Tilisma. erTxel, bavSvobaSi, maxsovs, samsaxuri-dan dabrunebulma mamam yvelas saCuqrebi Camogvitana. me Tojina da kidev suveniri – patara delfini mergo. iciT, im dros saTamaSo delfini Zalian iSviaTi iyo da amitom Zalian miyvarda. hoda, rodesac movrbodiT almodebuli soflidan, movas-wari misi ubeSi Cadeba. Tojinis wamoReba ki veRar SevZeli – albaT, saxlTan erTad daiwva. patara delfinma ki CemTan erTad gamoiara yvela gza da dRes Cemi Tilismaa. hoda, mec mas ar viSoreb...

116

117

47 wlis zuriko1 erovnebiT osia, amJamad samxreT oseTSi cxov-robs, meuRle qarTveli hyavs. daibada, gaizarda da swavlobda qalaq TbilisSi - qalaqSi, romelsac Tavis akvnad miiCnevs, romelic Zalian uyvars da jer kidev enatreba. mSoblebTan da bebia-babuasTan erTad, mas mouxda mSobliuri qalaqis datoveba. cxra wlis ganmavlobaSi Tavisi ojaxiT ucxo saxlebs iyo Sekedlebuli. zurikom babuamiss sikvdiliswina survili Seus-rula, yvelaferi gaakeTa, rom mis ojaxs sakuTari Weri hqonoda. rogorc namdvilma mamakacma, aaSena saxli, gazarda Svilebi da dargo xeebi.

istoria Cawerilia rusul enaze.

1 saxeli Secvlilia mTxrobelis mier

zuriko

`...Tbilisi... Cemi akvani iyo~

Tqven SegiZliaT, CaiweroT Cemi isto-ria. magram nu axsenebT saxelebs, nurc geografiul saxelwodebebs. situacia aq daZabulia. Cven aq kidev didxans unda vicxovroT. ase rom, ar minda momavalSi problemebi mqondes, xom gesmiT...

erovnebiT osi var, Tumca bebia-babua da mSoblebic daibadnen da gaizardnen saqarTveloSi, TbilisSi. mec iq davibade da gavizarde. sabavSvo baRi, skola, musika-luri skola, erovnuli cekvebi, sporti – es Cemi bavSvoba da axalgazrdobaa, romelmac qalaq TbilisSi gavatare. saSu-alo skolis damTavrebis Semdeg, Tbili-sis politeqnikur institutSi, sawarmoo da samoqalaqo mSeneblobis fakultetze Sevedi, aviRe inJener-mSenebelis diplomi. Cemi SromiTi saqmianobac TbilisSi davi-wye. Zalian gamitaca muSaobam, miyvarda Cemi saqme. obieqtis Cabarebis periodSi azarti mipyrobda. zRva samu Sao maxr-Cobda, zednadebebi, qviTrebi, ganawesebi

– es yvelaferi mxrebze mZime tvirTad mawva! magram ra bednieri viyavi, samuSaos dasrulebis Semdeg, modioda komisia da Cven aSenebul obieqts vabarebdiT.

ase vcxovrobdi qalaqSi, romelic Cemi akvani iyo, uzomod miyvarda da miyvars axlac. Ddidi siamovnebiT Cavidodi iq, xSirad. ubralod, vixetialebdi quCebSi, movinaxulebdi im adgilebs, sadac me da Cems megobrebs erT dros erTad dasxdoma gviyvarda, SevisunTqavdi smogiT gaJRen-Til mis haers. es aris…qalaqi, romelic Zalian menatreba, romelsac xSirad vxe-dav sizmarSi. qalaqi xom arafer SuaSia, mas brali araferSi miuZRvis. damnaSaveni politikosebi da bolo ori aTwleulis politikaa.

Cveni ojaxi rkinigzis sadgurTan axlos cxovrobda. didi ezo da Zveli saxli gvqonda. aseT saxlebs axlac, albaT, ita-liurs eZaxian... ar vici, ratom – albaT, Tavis droze italielebma aaSenes. es iyo samsarTuliani sacxovrebeli saxlebi,

118

yovel sarTulze grZeli saerTo aivniT, saerTo tualetebiT da saerTo samza-reuloebiT. EezoSi iyo samrecxao-abano, isic saerTo moxmarebisaTvis, oRond ukve erTi - samive sarTulis mcxovre-blebisaTvis. yovel diliT maRviZebda yvirili: „Молоко!! Мацони!!~ - es ezoSi Semodioda gamyidvlebis pirveli partia, rZis produqtebs hyidnen, maT moyvebod-nen mwvanilis gamyidvlebi da gaiZaxod-nen: `mwvanili-mwvanili.” Cemi mezoblebi qveviT, ezoSi, ar Cadiodnen, aivanze gad-iodnen da iqidan xmamaRla ekiTxebodnen: `ra Rirs?” da iyo erTi gadaZaxili. es grZeldeboda dilis Svidis naxevridan Svid saaTamde.

me sawolSi vizmorebodi da, rogorc ki

Zveli radiomimRebidan gavigonebdi diq-toris misalmebas: „dila mSvidobisa, Zvirfaso radiomsmenelebo!~, wamovxte-bodi sawolidan da viwyebdi dilis gamamx-nevebel varjiSs, musikisa da diqtoris zedmiwevniT zusti miTiTebebis Tanx-lebiT, romelic imave radiomimRebidan ismoda.

`TiTqmis Svidmeti weli gavida...~

ase iwyeboda dila TbilisSi. ai, axla vyvebi, Tvalwin ki midges Cveni saxli, Cveni bina am saxlSi, fanjara - mokle, QTe-Tri qaTqaTa selis fardebiT da radio - farTo rafaze. TiTqmis Svidmeti weli gav-ida, me ki diqtoris xmac ki maxsovs. axlac, misi xma TiTqmis uwindeliviT Ca mesmis. Cvens ojaxs sami oTaxi hqonda. erTi

r u s e T i

s o m x e T i A a z e r b a i j a n i

samxreT oseTi

Tbilisi

r u s e T i

s o m x e T i A a z e r b a i j a n i

samxreT oseTi

Tbilisi

119

oTaxi aivnis dasawyisSi mdebareobda, misi nomeri iyo @2, xolo danarCeni ori – aivnis bolos, maTi nomeri iyo 8. Mme-8 nomerSi, ori oTaxidan erTi iyo didi, cxra metri –sigrZis, eqvsi metri - siganis da oTxi metri da 80 santimetri - simaRlis. meore oTaxi iyo Zalian patara – sami metri sam metrze, magram aseve maRali Weri hqonda. patara oTaxSi mSoblebis saZinebeli mde-bareobda. did oTaxSi or kedelze, erTma-neTis pirdapir, ori suraTi ekida. erTze wminda giorgi iyo gamosaxuli, meoreze moCanda kavkasiis mTebi, mTis sufTa mdi-nare, qvaze, mdinaris win, gogona ukrav da Congurze da, misi musikis xmaze, did kaWarze mocekvave axalgazrda vaJi.

me saaTobiT SemeZlo am suraTebis cqera, vicodi mxatvris yvela monaxazi. vcxo-vrobdiT am oTaxSi, yvela erTad, mSob-lebTan da bebia-babuasTan erTad. RamiT ki bebiasTan da babuasTan erTad me-8 oTa-xSi viZinebdi. eh, es FfarTo oTaxi or nawi-lad iyo gayofili – sasadilod da Cemi da moxucebis saZineblad.… am oTaxSi idga Zveleburi karada-bufeti. misi gaRebisas, iqidan vanilisa da mixakis sasiamovno suni mcemda. iq, fanjarasTan, inkrustirebuli saweri magida idga ori patara, gamosawevi karadiT. magida dafaruli iyo mwvane mau-diT, xolo CemTvis ufro mosaxerxebeli rom yofiliyo mecadineoba, wera, babuam maudze SuSa damido. iqve, kuTxeSi, bebiis sakeravi manqana „zingeri~ idga, gadafare-buli lamazi sufriT, romelic bebiam saku-Tari xeliT amoqarga. yovel kviras bebias da babuas saseirnod zooparkSi an sabavSvo parkSi mivyavdi. am parks `muStaidi” erqva. babua yidulobda CemTvis namcxvrebs, xils, kanfetebs... studenti rom gavxdi, TanakurselebTan erTad, ukve damouki-

deblad gavicaniT da SevicaniT Cveni Tbi-lisi. institutSi xuTi wlis ganmavlobaSi siarulTan erTad, Cven kargad Seviswav-leT qalaqi da mas sakuTari xuTi TiTiviT vicnobdiT.

is ki, Cveni qalaqi, amayi, mkacri da lamazi iyo: Zveli TbilisiT, qalaqis istoriuli nawiliT, mtkvriT, gorgaslis ZegliT! Tbilisi Zalian stumarTmoyvare qalaqi iyo, aseve, am qalaqSi macxovrebeli xalxic gulisxmierebiT da gulkeTilobiT gam-oirCeoda... me am mogonebebiT vicxovreb Cemi sicocxlis bolomde...

` Cemi, rogorc osis mimarT, uaryofiTi damokidebuleba vigrZeni ~

mere, TandaTan, ar vici, rogor moxda? garkveuli diskomfortis grZnoba gami-Cnda. samsaxurSi vigrZeni Cems, rogorc osis, mimarT uaryofiTi damokidebuleba. Cemi uSualo ufrosebi mommarTavdnen ara saxeliT da mamis saxeliT, aramed ase: „Sen, oso, daamTavre pirveli sarTu-lis aSeneba?~ erT wamSi sadRac gaqra kultura, taqti, megobruli ganwyoba, kolegialoba. gaCnda simware, bolomde gamouTqmeli grZnobebi, wyena. mere ki, daaxloebiT erTi wlis Tavze, omi daiwyo, rogorc amas axla uwodeben, qarTul-osuri konfliqti. mezoblebma xeli ar gvaxles, piriqiT, tirodnen, rodesac Cemi ojaxi, Cveni binidan qarTuli eris sisuf-Tavis TavzexelaRebulma damcvelebma gamogvagdes. eseni banditebi iyvnen, rom-lebic saidan gaCndnen, aravin icis.

120

`...yvelafers gavakeTeb, rom Cven Cveni sakuTari Weri gvqondes~

ase aRvmoCndiT samxreT oseTSi, cxin-valSi. gavxdiT ltolvilebi, iZulebiT gadasaxlebulebi. pirvel xanebSi sru-liad ucnobma xalxma Segvikedla. Tbi-lad migviRes. yvela dagvamSvides, gansa-kuTrebiT moxucebi. Tavisi Weri, lukma-puri gagviyves. ramdenime Tvis Semdeg, isev isini dagvexmarnen axlomdebare cariel saxlSi gadasvlaSi, sadac winaT qarTvelebi cxovrobdnen. iq TiTqmis cxra weli davyaviT... cxra weli... amaso-baSi moxucebi gardaicvalnen. erT weli-wads gardaicvalnen. bebia rom davasaf-laveT, imave dRes babuac gardaicvala. maT siyvarulSi da TanxmobaSi gaaatares mTeli Tavisi sicocxle da TiTqmis erTad, sami dRis SualediT gardaicval-nen. MmaTi kuboebi ucxo qarTuli saxli-dan gamoitanes... swored maSin SevigrZeni mwvaved, ras niSnavs ar gqondes saku-Tari kuTxe, sakuTari saxli, sakuTari Weri. babuas ukanaskneli sityvebi iyo: „mTeli Cveni cxovreba mec da mamaCemic Cvens saxls ToTo bavSviviT vuvlidiT, da axla vkvdebiT, da sxvisi saxlidan gasatani gavxvdiT~. sakuTar Tavs sityva miveci, rom yvelafers gavakeTebdi Cveni Weri rom gvqonoda, ginda kuTxe an oTaxi, magram Cemi, sakuTari, rom yofiliyo. muSaoba ise daviwye, TiTqos Semiloces. Tavidan nebismier samuSaos veZgerebodi. Semdeg Sevkribe samSeneblo brigada — kalatozi, SemduRebeli, eleqtrikosi, mebaTqaSe-mRebavi, durgali, santeqnikosi da kafelis damgebi. Cemi xelosnebi maRal-kvalificiuri specialistebi iyvnen. im droisaTvis omi Cacxrobis fazaSi Sevida, xalxma daiwyo saxlebis Seneba, remonti,

yidva. me da Cems brigadas Zalian bevri saqme gvqonda. SekveTebi ar wydeboda. ada-mianebma, romlebsac raRac saxsrebi hqon-daT, qalaqgareT miwis nakveTebis yidva da sazafxulo saxlebis aSeneba daiwyes. Cven aseT SekveTebsac viRebdiT.

`me saxli viyide ~

sikvdilis win babuas warmoTqmuli sityvebi mudmivad mafiqrebda, vfiqrobdi sakuTar saxlze da... me viyide saxli qalaqis centrSi. marTalia, mas kapita-luri remonti sWirdeboda, magram es ukve meorexarisxovani iyo.. mSoblebs araferi vuTxari. maT araferi icodnen arc saxlis SeZenaze, arc remontze. saxli gavare-monte, movawye, yvelaferi SeviZine WurW-lis CaTvliT. SevukveTe babuisa da bebiis portretebi da isini kedelze did oTaxSi davkide. bebiisa da babuis sikvdilis erT-erT wlisTavze ki axal saxlSi gavSale sufra.

wavedi mSoblebis mosayvanad, Cavsxi isini manqanaSi da moviyvane Cvens saku-Tar saxl Si. usityvod gavuRe kari, Seviy-vane MmSoblebi da velodi, rodis gaacno-bierebdnen, rom es Cveni saxli iyo. Tavidan isini garSemo ixedebodnen da kiTxulobd-nen: „visi saxlia, Svilo? es sad mogviy-vane?~. magram did oTaxSi rom Sevidnen, orive dadumda – maT dainaxes bebiisa da babuis portretebi da maT mosagoneblad gaSlili sufra. dedas cremlebi moeria, Semdeg dafacurda, ramdenjerme Semoiara mTeli saxli, yvelaferi daaTvaliera, xeliT Seexo, aRtacebas gamoxatavda. mama ki – idga Sua oTaxSi, mSoblebis portrete-bis win da... tiroda. tiroda da ar eride-boda. Semdeg, moiwminda cremlebi da Tqva, rom tiris sixarulisgan, radgan axda

121

misi da mamamisis ocneba... kidev man Tqva, rom Rames gaaTevs axal, sakuTar saxlSi da aqedan arsad ar wava... Cven davurekeT axloblebs, davpatiJeT, erTad davsxediT sufrasTan da avwieT Wiqebi bebiisa da babuis sulebis mosaxseneblad...

`me davqorwindi Cems pirvel siyvarulze, qarTvel qalze...~

TbilisSi damrCa Cemi pirveli siyva-ruli, Cemi Tanakurseli, erovnebiT qarT-veli. masTan kavSiri ar gamiwyvetia imis merec, rac Cems ojaxTan erTad oseTSi gadmovediT. Tavdapirvelad erTmaneTs telefoniT vukavSirdebodiT. omi rom Sewyda, Cveulebrivma adamianebma saerTo ena gamonaxes, oseTisa da saqarTvelos sazRvarze ergneTis bazroba gaixsna. Cemma momavalma mamamTilma vaWroba daiw yo. Tbilisidan Camodioda am bazrobaze, yid-ulobda saqonels da ukan brundeboda. iq, TbilisSi hyidda am saqonels. maSin, am baz-robaze pirveladi moxmarebis saqoneli sabiTumo fasebSi bevrad iafi iyo, vidre TbilisSi. ase Soulobda fuls da arCenda ojaxs. hoda, misi Svilic, Cemi siyvaruli, Camohyveboda xolme mas. me mas bazrobaze vakiTxavdi da vidre mamamisi saqmeebs agvarebda, Cven ori-sami saaTis ganmav-lobaSi vurTierTobdiT da erTmaneTis xilviT vtkbebobiT. gasagebia, rom qaliS-vilis cxinvalSi gaTxovebis perspeqtiva, Tanac omis Semdeg, Cemi momavali meuRlis MmSoblebs aranairad ar xiblavda. meore mxriv, maT icodnen, rom Cven erTmaneTi studentobis droidan gviyvarda. Cemi meuRle lamazi qalia da Zalian bevri Tayvanismcemeli hyavda, magram is Yyve-las uars eubneboda da arcerT SeTava-zeba ar miuRia. sabolood, mSoblebma

Cvens gadawyvetilebas mxari dauWires da Cven davqorwindiT. meuRlis mSoblebi TbilisSi cxovroben da CvenTan xSirad Camodian. axlac, Cems meuRlesTan da BbavSvebTan erTad, baTumSi, zRvaze arian dasasveneblad wasuli. pirveli Svili – biWia, Semdeg ori tyupi gogona SegveZina.

amboben, mamakacma saxli unda aaSenos, xe dargos da vaJiSvili gazardoso. saxli viyide Zalian cud mdgomareobaSi — fan-jrebi, karebi da saxuravi ar hqonda. marto saZirkveli da kedlebi iyo. CaTvaleT, rom me avaSene. Svili - sami myavs. xeebic davrge, bevri xe,M mTeli baRi gavaSene...

122

leqsikoni

a

adamon nixasi

saxalso fronti, osuri nacionalis-turi organizacia, romelmac moiTxova samxreT oseTis avtonomia da, sabo-lood, misi gaerTianeba CrdiloeT ose-Tis respublikasTan, romelic ruseTis federaciis nawilia.

g

gali/galis raioni

gali warmoadgens afxazeTis TviT-gamocxadebuli respublikis erT-erT ZiriTad qalaqs. agreTve, es aris mimde-bare raionis saxeli.G omis dawyebamde, 1992-1993 wlebamde, galis raioni Ziri-Tadad dasaxlebuli iyo qarTvelebiT (mTeli mosaxleobis 95%), romelTa umravlesobam mSobliuri kuTxe datova 1993 wels. ramdenime wlis Semdeg qarT-veli mosaxleobis nawili dabrunda galSi, magram ganaxlebuli Setakebe-bis gamo maT isev mouxdaT afxazeTis datoveba (1998 wlis maisi). Tumca dab-runebis procesi arc amis Semdeg Sew-yvetila da 2008 wlisTvis spontanurad dabrunebulTa ricxvma daaxloebiT 45, 000-s miaRwia. dabrunebulTa raode-nobis zusti gaadamowmeba ver xerxdeba, afxazebi da qarTvelebi sxvadasxva ricxvs asaxeleben. aRniSnuli monacemi gamoiyeneba saqarTvelos mTavrobisa da qveyanaSi moqmedi saerTaSoriso orga-nizaciebis mier. is moicavs im devnileb-sac, romlebic cxovroben saqarTvelos sxva regionebSi da gadadian konfliq-tis zonaSi, droebiT, wlis garkveul dros, umTavresad miwis damuSavebisa da mosavlis aRebis mizniT. eTnikurad

qarTveli devnilebisaTvis jerjero-biT SeuZlebelia afxazeTis sxva kuTx-eebSi dabruneba.

galis dabali zona

teritoria galis raionSi, mdebareobs enguris gamSvebi punqtis da enguris xidis axlos, cnobili iyo partizanuli moZraobiT (1992-2000 wlebSi).

galis movlenebi an maisis movlenebi

1998 wlis aprili-maisis periodSi moxda konfliqtis xelaxali eskala-cia, rodesac afxazi Zalovanebi Sevi-dnen qarTul soflebSi separatistul arCevnebis mxardasaWerad. mxareebs Soris ganaxl da Setakebebi, ris Sedega-dac mokluli iqna asobiT adamiani. 20 maiss miRweuli iqna SeTanxmeba cecxlis Sewyvetis Sesaxeb.

d

devnilTa skolebi (oficialurad afxaze-Tis sajaro skolebi)

afxazeTis sajaro skolebi, romle-bic administraciulad devnilobaSi myofi afxazeTis ganaTlebisa da kul-turis saministros daqvemdebarebis qveS arian. skolebi gaixsna 1994-1998 wlebSi, devnilTa kompaqturad Casax-lebis adgilebSi, radgan adgilobriv skolebSi moswavleTa didi raodenobis gamo devnil bavSvebs saganmanaTleblo SesaZleblobebi naklebad hqondaT. devnilTa skolebSi moswavleebic da maswavleblebic ZiriTadad iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebi arian. skolebi fizikurad segregirebulia, Tumca

123

isini saqarTvelos erTiani erovnuli saganmanaTleblo gegmiT xelmZRvane-loben.

devnilebiT dasaxlebuli koleqtiuri centrebis privatizaciis procesi

koleqtiuri centrebis kerZo inves-torebze ga yid va daiwyo 2004 wlidan. mTavrobas ar gaaCnda gansaxlebis SeT-anxmebuli politika da devnilTa bevr ojaxs mouxda koleqtiuri centrebis datoveba. privatizaciis Sedegad dev-nilTa garkveuli nawili iZulebiT gamoasaxles sacxovrebeli adgilebi-dan, magaliTad TbilisSi sastumro `iveriidan” da aWaris regionis zogi-erTi centridan.

investori Senobas yidulobs saten-dero wesiT, romelic kontrolirdeba saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministros mier. iZulebiT gamosax-lebuli devnilebi Rebuloben fulad kompensacias. 2004 wels kompensacia erTi oTa xisaTvis 7,000 aSS dolars Seadgenda. momdevno wlebSi Tanxa gaiz-arda, Tumca is mainc ar aris sakmarisi Sesaferisi sacxovreblis SeZenisaTvis.

e

enguris xidi

gamyofi administraciuli punqti afxa-zeTsa da saqarTvelos danarCen nawils Soris, romelic gadis mdinare enguris xidze, moqceulia galis raionsa da zugdids Soris. Ooficialurad es aris gamSvebi punqti, Tumca cxovrebiseuli istoriebis bevri mTxrobeli mas xSirad moixseniebs, rogorc sazRvars.

ergneTis gamSvebi punqti (blokposti)

samxreT oseTsa da danarCen saqarTve-los Soris arsebuli administraciuli sazRvari. punqti kontrolirdeba ram-denime organos mier: saqarTvelos mier kontrolirebad mxares dgas saqarTve-los uSiSroebis saministros specia-luri danayofi, osuri mxaris mier kon-trolirebad nawilze — osuri dana-yofi, maT Soris ki ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebi arian ganlagebuli.

i

iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebi

iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirebad iTvlebian is pirebi an pirTa jgufebi, romlebic gamoZevebul iqnen an iZule-bulni gaxdnen daetovebinaT TavianTi saxli an mudmivi sacxovrebeli adgili, raTa gaqceodnen SeiaraRebul kon-fliqts, sayovelTao Zaladobas, adami-anis uflebaTa xelyofasa da stiqiur an adamianis mier Seqmnil katastrofebs da, amasTan, ar gadaukveTavT saerTa-Sorisod aRiarebuli saxelmwifo saz-Rvari.

2005-2007 wlebSi daaxloebiT 45, 000 iZulebiT ga daadgilebuli piri dab-runda galis raionSi (dabrunebulTa zusti raodenoba ar aris gadamowmebuli, mocemuli cifri gamoiyeneba saqarT-velos mTavrobisa da qveyanaSi moqmedi saerTaSoriso organizaciebis mier). aq igulisxmebian is devnilebic, romlebic cxovroben danarCeni saqarTvelos ter-itoriaze, magram wlis garkveul dros droebiT gadadian konfliqtis zonaSi. galis raionis mosaxleobis umetesad qarTvelebiT aris dasaxlebuli (95%).

afxazeTis danarCen teritoriaze dab-runeba qarTveli devnilebisaTvis Seu-Zlebeli aRmoCnda.

k

kompaqturi dasaxleba/koleqtiuri cen-tri

saxelmwifos an kerZo mflobelobaSi arsebuli Senoba, sadac afxazeTidan da samxreT oseTidan gadmosuli mosax-leoba Sesaxlda an Seasaxles. iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli mosaxleobis daaxloe-biT naxevari isev koleqtiur centrebSi cxovrobs.

l

ltolvili

1951 wlis konvenciis mixedviT, romelic ltolvilTa statuss Seex-eba, ltolvilad miiCneva nebismieri piri, romelic iZulebuli aris dato-vos Tavisi qveyana safuZvliani SiSis gamo, rom igi SeiZleba gaxdes devnis msxverpli rasis, religiis, aRmsare-blobis, erovnebis, garkveuli social-uri jgufisadmi kuTvnilebisa an poli-tikuri mrwamsis gamo, imyofeba Tavisi moqalaqeobis qveynis gareT da ar Seu-Zlia an surs amgvari SiSis gamo iq dab-runeba.

ltolvils iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirisgan gansxvavebiT gadakveTili aqvs saerTaSorisod aRiarebuli sazRvari.

separatistuli teritoriebidan gadmo-suli iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli pirebi yoveldRiur metyvelebaSi TavianT Tavs ltolvilebad moixsenieben xolme. amis mizezi SeiZleba iyos is, rom maTTvis ucnobia gansxvaveba iZulebiT gadaadg-ilebul pirebsa da ltolvilebs Soris. Tumca, arsebobs sxva mosazrebac, rom-lis mixedviT zogierTi devnili am

sityviT gamoxatavs Tavis gamZafrebul damokidebulebas devnilobaSi cxovre-bisa da gausaZlisi yofis mimarT.

o

ocdasami noembris movlenebi

1989 wels samxreT oseTis umaRlesma sabWom miiRo gadawyvetileba SeerTe-boda CrdiloeT oseTs. saqarTvelos sabWoTa socialisturi respublikis umaRlesma sabWom gaauqma es gad-awyvetileba. 23 noembers, aTasobiT qarTveli saqarTvelos moma val prezi-dent zviad gamsaxurdiasa da opoziciis sxva liderebTan erTad cxinvalisaken gaemgzavra Sekrebis gasamarTavad. osebma gzebi gadaketes. sabWoTa jaris SenaerTebis CareviT demonstrantebs Soris Setakeba ar momxdara.