hopping introduction v01

8/8/2019 Hopping Introduction v01

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Introduction 1

GPD Advanced Network Development Centre

Motorola Confidential Proprietary

TECHNICAL DESCRIPTIONTECHNICAL DESCRIPTION


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Introduction 2



SCENARIOSCENARIO

Network Capacity

Subscribers

Spectrum Constraints

Site Constraints

Spectrum Constraints

Site Constraints

Network Capacity

Subscribers

Allocate More Spectrum

Increase Spectral Efficiency

Smaller Cells

More Aggressive Reuse

Allocate More Spectrum

Increase Sp

ectral Efficiency

Smaller Cells

More Aggressive Reuse

FH


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Introduction 3



FREQUENCY HOPPING CONCEPTFREQUENCY HOPPING CONCEPT

Each burst is transmitted on a different frequencyEach burst is transmitted on a different frequency

Both mobile and base station follow the same hoppingBoth mobile and base station follow the same hopping

sequencesequence

The MS/BTS changes

the frequency from

burst to burst

Frame 0 Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3

Frequency A

Frequency B

Frequency C

Frequency D

4,615

millisec. (1 Frame = 8*577 microsec.)


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Introduction 4



FREQUENCY DIVERSITYFREQUENCY DIVERSITY

Non HoppingNon Hopping

Freq. f1Freq. f1

Freq. f1Freq. f1

Freq. f2Freq. f2

HoppingHopping

Corrupted BurstsCorrupted Bursts


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Introduction 6



BER & FERBER & FER

Frame Erasure Rate (FER) is the Right Measure of theFrame Erasure Rate (FER) is the Right Measure of theVoice QualityVoice Quality

Decoding &

Deinterleaving

BERF

ER


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Introduction 7



QUALITY IMPROVEMENTQUALITY IMPROVEMENT

RxQual = 5,6,7

RxQual = 0,1,2,3,4

RxQual = 6,7

RxQual = 0,1,2,3,4,5

HOPPINGNONHOPPING

Decoding and deinterleaving processes are ableDecoding and deinterleaving processes are ableto cope with a higher BERto cope with a higher BER

Higher RxQual is Tolerated WithF.

H.

WithoutHigher RxQual is Tolerated WithF.

H.

WithoutImpacting the Quality (LowerFER).Impacting the Quality (LowerFER).


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Introduction 8



QUALITYQUALITY--CAPACITY TRADECAPACITY TRADE--OFFOFF

"For the same capacity

FH improves the quality, and

"For the same capacity

FH improves the quality, andfor a given average quality FH makes possiblefor a given average quality FH makes possible

increase the capacity".increase the capacity".

NONHOPPING

SYSTEM

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HOPPING SYSTEM

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HOPPING SYSTEM

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HOPPING SYSTEM

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OR OR


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Introduction 10



FREQUENCY HOPPING IMPLEMENTATIONFREQUENCY HOPPING IMPLEMENTATION

Base Band Hopping (BBH)Base Band Hopping (BBH)

The TCUs transmit always the same frequencyThe TCUs transmit always the same frequency

Number of frequencies for hopping = Number of carriersNumber of frequencies for hopping = Number of carriers

SynthesiserFrequency Hopping (SFH)SynthesiserFrequency Hopping (SFH)

The TCUs change (retune) the frequency every burstThe TCUs change (retune) the frequency every burst

Number of frequencies for hopping > Number of carriersNumber of frequencies for hopping > Number of carriersTCUs can hop over a range of 64 different frequenciesTCUs can hop over a range of 64 different frequencies


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Introduction 11



FH: MOBILE ACTIVITYFH: MOBILE ACTIVITY

Same activity for BBH and SFHSame activity for BBH and SFH


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Introduction 13



BASEBAND HOPPING (2)BASEBAND HOPPING (2) The TCUs always transmit a fixed frequency.The TCUs always transmit a fixed frequency.

The call hops" over the TCUs, maintaining theThe call hops" over the TCUs, maintaining thesame timeslot, on a per burst basis.same timeslot, on a per burst basis.

In reception the call is always processed by the sameIn reception the call is always processed by the sameTCU (the one where the call started).TCU (the one where the call started).

The number of frequencies to hop over is limited byThe number of frequencies to hop over is limited bythe number of TCUs equipped in the cell.the number of TCUs equipped in the cell.

The BCCH carrier can hop in timeslots 1 to 7The BCCH carrier can hop in timeslots 1 to 7(without power control/DTX).(without power control/DTX).


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Introduction 14



BASEBAND HOPPING (3)BASEBAND HOPPING (3)

CyclicCyclicBase Band:Base Band:

PseudorandomPseudorandom

CyclicCyclicBase Band:Base Band:

PseudorandomPseudorandom

NNererHopping Frequencies = NHopping Frequencies = NererTCUs in serviceTCUs in serviceNNererHopping Frequencies = NHopping Frequencies = NererTCUs in serviceTCUs in service

Mobile A

Mobile B

Mobile C

Mobile D

Mobile E


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Introduction 15



BASEBAND HOPPING (4)BASEBAND HOPPING (4)

TRANSMISSION RECEPTION

BURST # Timeslot Frequency TCU/DRCU Timeslot Frequency TCU/DRCU

1 5 f3 3 5 f3 3

2 5 f4 4 5 f4 3

3 5 f1 1 5 f1 3

4 5 f2 2 5 f2 3

5 5 f3 3 5 f3 3

6 5 f4 4 5 f4 3

7 5 f1 1 5 f1 3

... ... ... ... ... ... ...

Call assigned to TCU 3 Timeslot 5 at the setupCall assigned to TCU 3 Timeslot 5 at the setup

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f4 f3 f2 f1

Cyclic


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Introduction 16



SYNTHESISER FREQUENCY HOPPING (1)SYNTHESISER FREQUENCY HOPPING (1)

BCCHBCCHBCCHBCCH f1...f8f1...f8f1...f8f1...f8 f1...f8f1...f8f1...f8f1...f8 f1...f8f1...f8f1...f8f1...f8 f1...f8f1...f8f1...f8f1...f8

Hopping over 8 frequencies


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Introduction 17



The TCUs are able to retune to a new frequency eachThe TCUs are able to retune to a new frequency eachburst.burst.

The call always stays in the same TCU.The call always stays in the same TCU. One TCU can hop up to over 64 different frequencies.One TCU can hop up to over 64 different frequencies.

WideWide--band combining devices (hybrids) are required inband combining devices (hybrids) are required inthe base station (Cavity Combiners can not be used withthe base station (Cavity Combiners can not be used with

SFH).SFH). The BCCH frequency can be included in the hoppingThe BCCH frequency can be included in the hopping

sequence, but in practice, BCCH carrier never hops, andsequence, but in practice, BCCH carrier never hops, andcarries traffic on timeslots 1 to 7.carries traffic on timeslots 1 to 7.



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Introduction 18




FRAMES ON CARRIER AFRAMES ON CARRIER A

CARRIER ACARRIER A

FREQUENCY 1FREQUENCY 1

CARRIER ACARRIER A

FREQUENCY 2FREQUENCY 2CARRIER ACARRIER A


CARRIER ACARRIER A


NNererHopping Frequencies >= NHopping Frequencies >= NererHopping CarriersHopping CarriersNNererHopping Frequencies >= NHopping Frequencies >= NererHopping CarriersHopping Carriers


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Introduction 19



FREQUENCY HOPPING THROUGHBCCH (1)FREQUENCY HOPPING THROUGHBCCH (1)

BCCH transmit always at maximum power

Power change

BBHBBH

The hopping system assigned to Timeslot 0 of NonThe hopping system assigned to Timeslot 0 of Non--BCCHBCCHcarriers can not include the BCCH frequencycarriers can not include the BCCH frequency


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Introduction 20



FREQUENCY HOPPING THROUGHBCCH (2)FREQUENCY HOPPING THROUGHBCCH (2)SFH t r H SFH

BURST BCCHTCU/DRCU T CHTCU/DRCU BCCHTCU/DRCU TCHTCU/DRCU

1 - fb (BCCH Pow) fb f

2 fb (DB) f

fb f

3 fb (DB) f

fb f

4 fb (DB) f

fb f

5 fb (DB) f

fb f

6 - fb (BCCH Pow) fb f

7 fb (DB) f

fb f

... ... ... ... ...

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BCCHFrequency: fb

Hopping Freqs: f1,f2,f3,f4

Cyclic

SFHSFH

BCCH carrier can not hop and if BCCHBCCH carrier can not hop and if BCCHfrequency is used for hopping, the BCCHfrequency is used for hopping, the BCCH

can not carry trafficcan not carry traffic


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Introduction 21



FREQUENCY HOPPING LIMITATIONSFREQUENCY HOPPING LIMITATIONS Only one hopping system can contain the BCCH frequencyOnly one hopping system can contain the BCCH frequency

Timeslot 0 of BCCH carrierTimeslot 0 of BCCH carrier can not hopcan not hop

Any timeslot configured as CCCHAny timeslot configured as CCCH can not hopcan not hop

The BCCH carrierThe BCCH carrier can not hopcan not hop with SFHwith SFH

If SFH uses the BCCH frequency, the BCCH carrier canIf SFH uses the BCCH frequency, the BCCH carrier cannot carry trafficnot carry traffic

The BCCH carrierThe BCCH carrier can hopcan hop with BBHwith BBH

With BBH, the hopping system assigned to timeslot 0 ofWith BBH, the hopping system assigned to timeslot 0 ofNonNon--BCCH carriersBCCH carriers can not includecan not include the BCCH frequencythe BCCH frequency


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Introduction 22



Same antennaSame antenna

Combined with cavitiesCombined with cavities

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTSHARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

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CAVITY COMBINER

TX RX2RX1

Max. Power (20W)

CAVITY COMBININGCAVITY COMBINING

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HYBRID

TX3 TX2/RX2TX1/RX1

Max. Power (20W)

HYBRID HYBRID

DUPLEXER DUPLEXER

AIR COMBININGAIR COMBINING

Different antennaeDifferent antennae

Combined on the airCombined on the air

hopping introduction v01

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