horn and trumpet pedagogy isu summer band directors workshop david w. snyder isu summer band...
TRANSCRIPT
Horn and Trumpet Pedagogy
ISU Summer Band Director’s Workshop
David W. Snyder
Horn Equipment
• Double vs Single Horns– Switch as soon as possible
• Good brands– Conn 8-D (Vintage)- $6500– Conn 8-D -$4169– Holton 179 or 180- $3979– Yamaha 667-$4091
Horn Equipment Problems
• Stuck valves and tuning slides– Penetrating oil– Move valve arm on back rotor
• Oil valves at the rotors NOT the tuning slides• Water
Holding Position and Posture Problems
• Student reaching up or down to lead pipe– It’s not a saxophone!– Lead pipe should angle slightly down from embouchure
(should follow angle of the bite)– Adjust right leg height
• Bell pointed in towards stomach• Playing off the leg?– Hand brace is helpful– RH is at 3:00 position– Horn rests on thumb and knuckle of 1st finger
Right Hand Position Problems
• Hand blocks the bell• Hand not in the bell at all• Hand in wrong position– Hand should be slightly cupped; fingers together– Hand should be at “4:00” position– Knuckles should be where the flare of the bell gets
wide
Right Hand Position (correct)
Right Hand Position (incorrect)
Embouchure Problems
• Too much upper or lower lip in mouthpiece– Should be 2/3 top…1/3 bottom– Angle
• Teeth too closed– Results in tight sound
• Tongue to high in mouth– Results in closed / tight sound
• Think “Aah”– Imagine a golf ball inside the mouth
Air Problems
• Breath deep and use MORE air all of the time!• Paper exercise to teach support– Up close for low range– Farther away for high range
Tuning Problems
• You need to know what slide controls what notes– Main tuning slide is always the first slide off the lead pipe– The F side tuning slide is the other one in back– Not all double horns have a Bb side tuning slide
(Conn/Geyer/Yamaha 667 don’t)– Bb side valve slides should be pulled proportionally less
• Tuning both sides– Use a written 3rd space C to get the sides in agreement
• Right hand– More covered…flatter– More open…sharper
Special Techniques
• Stopped horn– +,Gestopft, bouche’– Finger the note a ½ step lower than written on the F side– Smaller hands may be able to finger a ½ higher on the F
side– Don’t shove the right hand in farther… “close the door”– Stopped mutes ($40-55)
• Lip trills– Should be used in all Mozart horn concertos– C to D can both be played open on the F side
Stopped Horn(Correct)
Resources
• Two articles by me out there with pictures…– SBO Magazine, July 2009– Instrumentalist Magazine, November 2007
– Can access these on my website at: www.cfa.ilstu.edu/dsnyder/news
Trumpet Equipment
• Cornet vs Trumpet for beginners– Yamaha– Shepherd’s crook
• Good HS instruments– Bach Stradivarius trumpets ($2600-2800)
Trumpet Equipment Problems
• Stuck valves– Loosen valve cap NOT valve stem– Oil the piston NOT the spring– Make sure piston is being pushed straight down
• Third valve ring– Make sure they have one!
Holding Position and Posture Problems
• Lead pipe angle should match teeth…– In most cases, lead pipe should angle slightly down from
embouchure (should follow angle of the bite)– Coffee stirrer
• …or bottom jaw should move out to line up teeth• Left hand– Make sure 3rd slide ring is adjusted to fit grip of students
• Right hand – fingers should be curved like “C”– Thumb should rest in between 1st and 2nd valve
Embouchure Problems
• Too much upper or lower lip– Should be half and half
• Teeth too closed– Results in tight sound
• Tongue to high in mouth– Results in closed / tight sound
• Tongue position for different ranges– Oh(low), ah(middle), eeh(high)
Tuning Problems
• You need to know pitch tendencies– 1-3 (D) and 123 (C#) are sharp (use 3rd slide ring
and 1st slide saddle)– Fourth space E (5th partial) and fourth line D are
flat– Top space G (6th partial) is sharp
• Upper register– Young players pinch causing them to go sharp– Drop the jaw to open up sound and drop pitch
Special Techniques
• Mutes– Different types– Match brands if possible
• Different mouthpieces– Use deeper cup mouthpiece for darker sounds– Use a flugel mouthpiece with a flugel horn!
• Range– Start doing lip slurs from the beginning (see hand out)
• Multiple tonguing– Use t-k-t or d-g-d for fast triplets
