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INSIDE THIS ISSUE

Message from the Executive Director

FeatureSustainable Development Goals and HoA-REC&N’s Commitment

Spotlights from HoA-REC&N SDGs: Too ambitious?

Programme Highlight STRONGBOW: Securing Natural Resource Management and Eco-tourism

News in Brief Buzzword: Sustainable

Guest ArticleA Project Lights up Arso Amba

Entertainment

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Our world today faces various socio-economic and environmental challenges. Overcoming these challenges has and will continue to call for well-designed and people-centred action plans and consorted efforts by different actors. These actors include governments, non-governmental organisations, the private sector, civil society and community based organisations. The key role of knowledge institutions in guiding policymakers and the private sector on the right path to ignite and fuel green growth should also not be overlooked.

The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) and the newly introduced Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are some of the noteworthy efforts that have been set forth to address our challenges and ensure human well-being. This year (2015) marks the end of the MDGs and the beginning of the SDGs in which resilience

building in rural and urban communities has been placed high on the agenda. Southern and Northern Knowledge Institutions, in partnership with development agencies such as FAO, UNESCO and WHO, are expected to play a vital role in meeting the SDGs.

The success of the SDGs will require even broader and deeper partnerships as well as improved synergy to avoid fragmentation and duplication of efforts. Powering Agriculture, funded by USAID (USA), Sida (Sweden) and BMZ (Germany), announced its winners for the second call for proposals on the last day of September 2015. This happened a day before the Global Resilience Partnership (GRP), funded by the Rockefeller Foundation, USAID and Sida, also announced its winners for the first call for proposals. This synergy in terms of timing can be viewed as very promising. The Third Financing for Development (FfD) conference, which was held from 13–16 July 2015 in Addis Ababa, intended to address the challenge of finance and create enabling environments at all levels for sustainable development in the spirit of global partnership and solidarity. In this regard, the conference raised issues and indicated ways for addressing poverty and hunger, empowering women, and enhancing an equitable global economic system.

In support of a prevailing maxim, the conference also stressed the issue and importance of protecting and preserving the environment while insuring overall development. Although all elements of the conference were of significant importance, the discussion on financing the SDGs, which will require $ 172.5 trillion over the 15 years implementation time frame, was a timely one.

Securing the necessary funding and the future success of the SDGs will certainly require global cooperation and commitment from all actors. The HoA-REC&N will continue to work with regional and local, state and non-state actors to support the Horn of Africa countries in achieving the SDGs.

Araya Asfaw, PhD

Executive DirectorHorn of Africa Regional Enviroment Centre & NetworkAddis Ababa University

MESSAGE FROM THE EXECUT IVE D IRECTOR

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In the history of the human race, we have witnessed a great deal of harm being done to the environment in the name of development. Development, being a crucial aspect of our existence, should go hand in hand with care for the environment. Development could be sustainable only when it incorporates both socio-economic advancements and environmental concerns. Hence, the SDGs seek to address the three dimensions of sustainable development: economic, social and environmental.

The now ending Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are being succeeded by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) following a growing consensus amongst nations for more collaborative and inclusive goals towards poverty eradication and sustainable development for all. These strategies are needed to address environmental challenges such as climate change, food insecurity, access to clean water and energy, social inequalities, among others.

The SDGs are a global effort to create a common set of development goals for all communities in all countries with a 2030 deadline for attainment of all goals and targets.

The 17 sustainable development goals with 169 associated targets were announced at the UN General Assembly, which took place in New York from 25-27 September 2015. The goals and targets seek to

build on the MDGs by stimulating action over the next fifteen years in areas of

critical importance for humanity and the planet.

Unlike the MDGs, which mostly focused on the least developed countries in the context of “rich donors aid poor recipients”, the SDGs will address every country, in every corner of the world.

Whereas Means of Implementation (MoI) received minimal attention in the designing of MDGs, it is now central in the SDGs. However, challenges such as data availability, accessibility and common metrics as well as how SDGs will be articulated in the context of national development agenda still prevail.

FEATURESustainable Development Goals and HoA-REC&N’s Commitment

UN Conference Hall

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HoA-REC&N and SDGs

Many of the goals stipulated in the SDGs are directly inline with on-going projects in HoA-REC&N, with some noteworthy examples below:

Congruent to Goal 5 of SDGs—empowering women and achieving gender equality—the Sustainable TouRism based On Natural resource management with Gender Balance tOwards Women (STRONGBOW) Project has been working in five selected universities to promote eco-tourism and natural resource management to improve women’s involvement in trainings and education by 20%. The WASH Project has been working in the Central Rift Valley Region (CRV) to ensure access to adequate equitable sanitation and hygiene for all citizens, especially women and girls. Through its sustainable energy programme, HoA-REC&N has been facilitating access to clean energy technologies in rural households in Ethiopia. These efforts have reduced consumption of fuel wood and the associated environmental impacts and health problems. Lastly, through its social and ecological resilience programme, HoA-REC&N is working alongside communities to restore ecosystems and re-greening of Jamma-Urji and Wochecha mountains in Ethiopia.

In the Horn of Africa Region, HoA-REC&N is tackling trans-boundary activities on combating the impacts of climate change and building climate resilient landscapes. These activities are carried

out under the Horn of Africa Climate Change Programme (HoA-CCP), which is aimed at promoting sustainable and inclusive development in five selected landscapes throughout the Horn of Africa Region. In addition, HoA-CCP is aimed at restoring ecosystems, creating ecologically viable value chains and reducing greenhouse gas emissions.

These are some of the examples of HoA-REC&N’s activities and achievements that resonate with the objectives of SDGs. As HoA-REC&N continues to contribute to environmental protection in the Horn of Africa, it will strive in partnership with governments and others to attain a successful implementation of SDGs in the years ahead

Source: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/sdgsproposalUnited Nations Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform

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SPOTLIGHTSSDGs: Too ambitious?

The Sustainable Development Goals were introduced in a document titled: “Transforming Our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” and will carry the torch after the similarly framed Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) that expire at the end of 2015. The Sustainable Development Goals, or SDGs, are composed of 17 goals and 169 targets. They have the vision of creating human rights for all, gender equality and empowerment and encompass the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental .

Upon my first read of the goals, I was struck with vast scope and magnitude of the goals and was perplexed by what seemed to be naïve ambition. For example, the first goal listed in the SDGs simply says, “End poverty in all its forms everywhere”. In seven simple words, the United Nations has put forth a charge that humanity has not been able to achieve in its entire existence, so the idea that we can achieve this goal by 2030 seems to be, unrealistic. This scope of this single goal is so large that it is nearly impossible for someone to wrap their head around.

Often during project development, the acronym SMART is used to develop project goals, meaning Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant and Time-bound. The SDGs that have been set forth are definitely Measurable (169 measurable targets), Time-bound (they are set to be completed in 2030),

and Relevant. The contributors to the SDGs obviously put a lot of effort

into identifying “areas of critical importance for humanity and

the planet”. However, the SDGs

do not appear either specific or attainable, and, as a development practitioner, it is difficult for me to accept a goal that is not SMART. The scope and magnitude of the SDGs makes me sceptical of their effectiveness and necessity. But since I have been given this assignment to write an analysis/explanation of the SDGs, I began to understand the real importance of the highly ambitious goals. The goals that have been set forth are not about me or anyone specific, but, rather, they are about everybody. Therefore, a goal about poverty can not necessarily target one specific group or type of poverty, but it needs to attack poverty “in all its forms everywhere”. The SDGs are not goals for some project or country, rather, they are goals for all of humanity, and when considering the global scope of the goals, specificity has no place.

Attainability is the second issue that I take up with the SDGs, and my scepticism remains regarding the realistic chances of attaining some of the goals. However, one of the strengths of the SDGs’ predecessor, the MDGs, was that they were able to galvanise the support of the global community. They brought countries and organisations together to work on solving some of the world’s most pressing issues. Perhaps, that is the real reason that a set of global goals is needed. The goals are good because they give us direction, but they also call on the nations of the world to bring the human race to a place that we have never been before.

Some may continue to consider the utopian vision of the SDGs unrealistic and a weakness. As a pragmatist,

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I am 100 per cent certain that we will not achieve every goal that has been set forth (or even half of them). But, as a dreamer, I share the vision of the SDGs, and I, as a citizen of the world, will rally the support of those around me to work towards those goals. As the opening words of the UN Charter dictate, it is “We the Peoples” who will take up the charges of realising these goals. An added responsibility is added

to the young men and women of the world, who will not only work towards these SDGs but, also, pass the vision of the SDGs to future generations. The SDGs may not be SMART, but they do give the world an ambitious rallying point and a better vision for the future generations that will inhabit this planet

PROGRAMME HIGHLIGHTSTRONGBOW: Securing Natural Resource Management

and Eco- tourism

Higher education institutions are the main sources of skilled and equipped man-power for a country. In countries like Ethiopia, empowering these institutions is a crucial task to securing sustainable development. In this regard, for the last five years, the sustainable tourism based on natural resource management with gender balance towards women with the acronym STRONGBOW project has been implemented in following universities: Addis Ababa, Hawassa (Wondogenet College of Forestry), Jimma and Mizan Tepi in the field of natural resource management and tourism.

The project aims at engaging universities to mainstream gender roles in conducting demand driven action research (DDAR) in natural resources management and eco-tourism.

HoA-REC&N as the project coordinator has strived to link partners both internal and external in the universities; and hence created a “spider web of partners.”

On 7 September 2015, the STRONGBOW project held its steering committee meeting at the Negash Lodge, Walliso, Oromia, with the Ministry of Environment and Forest, partner universities and other stakeholders.

The meeting agenda focussed on sustainability and institutionalisation, and the further dissemination of the STRONGBOW results and endorsements of final evaluation report.

The meeting served as a platform for discussions on the issues related to the implementation of the STRONGBOW project. Furthermore, participants made several suggestions regarding possibilities of implementation and limitations of the overall project.

Participants of STRONGBOW Project SC, Waliso, Ethiopia

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Similarly, Dr. Debela Hunde from Jimma University noted that DDAR is designed and implemented based on community demand and industry in the sector. At the meeting a STRONGBOW film on agroforestry projects in Wondogenet was screened. The film showed farmers growing various crops and vegetables in order to sustain their livelihoods during the dry seasons. The practice of growing different types of vegetables and crops was to compensate for crops failure during the dry season. This practice was successful and effective in addressing the problem in the Wondogenet area.

Dr. Denyse J. Snelder, Senior Advisor for Sustainable Land Management and project director of the Dutch counterpart also underlined the importance of networking to secure good results in empowering the universities and benefiting the community. Dr. Snelder further elaborated on how universities in the country and outside Ethiopia, together with internal and external organizations, could create networks for a successful implementation of the project.

Gender mainstreaming is one of the main areas that the STRONGBOW project has focussed on in the last five years. Positive outputs were recorded as member universities have already started recruiting female staff members and Arbaminch University, particularly, was commended for assigning women in managerial position.

The STRONGOW project will phase out in December 2015 and has so far successfully granted scholarships to 7 PhD students and funded 21 MSc students from the partner universities

STRONGBOW Project, donated books

STRONGBOW Project Steering Committee Meeting, Waliso

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Accelerating Clean Energy Access in Africa

Access to clean energy in Sub-Saharan Africa demands a great deal of work and cooperation. In a workshop titled “Accelerating Clean Energy Access in Africa” that was held in Nairobi, Kenya from 9-10 July 2015, the importance of South-South technology transfer, policy and research collaborations were stressed. Experts participating in the workshop pointed out the energy gap that exists in the Sub-Saharan Africa. The workshop was organised as part of the DFID-TERI Clean Energy Access Project in Ethiopia and Kenya in collaboration with HoA-REC&N and the African Centre for Technology Studies (ACTS). The platform was a chance for HoA-REC&N delegation to share tangible experience in the area.

During the workshop, the HoA-REC&N delegation visited Burn Manufacturing, where a team of designers, engineers and entrepreneurs from the United States based in Kenya are engaged in producing clean energy products in collaboration Global Alliance for Clean Cookstoves. The delegates

visited the factory’s product line. The newly improved cookstove cuts charcoal consumption by an average of 45%. The Workshop attendees then visited some households around Nairobi to see the stoves in action. The end-users of this innovative technology verified that it has improved their lives.

The workshop concluded by acknowledging efforts of projects that are working on producing innovative clean energy technologies in addressing the existing challenges in the region

MoU signed between UNIDO and Heineken

On 27 February 2015 United Nations Industrial Development Organization’s (UNIDO) Director General and Heineken’s Chief Corporate Relations Officer signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to work together on a range of sustainability issues that will promote inclusive growth in developing countries. This new partnership will focus mainly on water stewardship initiatives in catchment areas in countries and regions classified as “water-stressed” where Heineken operates breweries. Based on this, Bedele Brewery was selected as the first brewery where collaborative action is required to reduce water stress and shortages in the near to long-term future. Following this a three-day stakeholder engagement workshop was held from 1-3 September 2015 in Jimma, Ethiopia, with the objective of creating a common vision on priority measures to secure sustainable water supply and livelihoods for communities in the Dabena catchment area where Heineken’s Bedele Brewery is located.

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This agreement is crucial as the inhabitants of Bedele town and the Bedele Brewery located in Dabena Catchment source their water from the Dabena River that is fed by natural springs several kilometres further upstream. The river periodically experiences low flow, which results in water supply shortages and scarcity to the community living in the area.

During the workshop moderated by UNIDO, stakeholders from government, private and civil society groups discussed and identified priority challenges in the Dabena Catchment. At the end of the workshop, twelve priority measures were identified, which are to be undertaken through collaborative efforts to reduce stress on water resources shared by multiple users in the catchment area. Building on this vision, UNIDO will solicit third party funds for the implementation of priority measures under a public private partnership for water stewardship

“Ethiopia Rising” documentary film launched.

The documentary film “Ethiopia Rising: Red Terror to Green Revolution” that narrates the story of the environmental transformation phenomena through the experience of one man, Aba Hawi was launched at HoA-RECN’s Headquarters, Gullele Botanic Garden, Addis Ababa. The launching took place on the 4th of September 2015 in the presence of Minister of Environment and Forest and officials from embassies and civil societies in Ethiopia.

H. E. Mr. Belete Tafere, Minister of the FDRE Ministry of Environment and Forest, opened the screening with a speech appreciative of the hard working Aba Hawi and the community of Abrha We Atsbiha, Tigrai Region. He emphasised that his efforts were not driven by incentive rather a determination that the p e o p l e of Abrha We Atsbiha’s life depended on

what they can lay on the catchment.

Participants expressed their appreciation to Aba Hawi and

asked him how he was able to

mobilize the community and bring about a change in the land. In response, Aba Abraha accentuated the importance of hard work through leadership and team work.

The film was independently produced by Mark Dodd, British Filmmaker, through the financial support of the World Bank Ethiopia, Stichting Liberty, United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification, World Resources Institute, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Mekelle University, World Vision Australia and HoA-REC&N

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MoU Signed between HoA-REC&N and IFAW

The Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on bilateral co-operation in awareness, prevention and combating wildlife crime in the Horn of Africa was signed between the International Fund for Animal Welfare (IFAW) and HoA-REC&N.

A signing ceremony took place between IFAW and HoA-REC&N at the Centre’s headquarters at Gullele Botanical Garden on 4 September 2015. This bilateral agreement between the institutions will focus on the preventing wildlife poaching and trade, and combating crime against wildlife in the Horn of Africa region. The MoU will guide IFAW and HoA-REC&N’s relationship for the support of the formal establishment of the Horn of Africa Wildlife Enforcement Network (HAWEN).

During the signing ceremony, the CEO of IFAW Mr. Azzedine Downes, President and CEO IFAW noted that HoA-REC&N is an important partner in protecting the ecosystems and conserving the wildlife in the region, as well as combating crimes against wildlife. Dr. Araya Asfaw, Executive Director of HoA-REC&N on his part stressed the importance of working hand-in-hand with organizations such as IFAW in achieving substantial results in the area of wildlife conservation.In signing the agreement, both parties agreed to abide by the interests and responsibilities of their

respective organizations to ensure the safety of the wildlife in the region; to tackle the threats to the wildlife such as illegal trafficking and hunting and excessive exploitation of natural resources, which endangers the existence of wildlife in the area.

The IFAW delegation present at the signing ceremony were Mr. James Isiche of Kenya, Mr. Kelvin Alie of USA and Mr. Rikker Reijnen of the Netherlands together with other dignitaries from HoA-REC&N

EU-HoA-REC&N Energy Project: Stakeholders Consultative Workshop

The EU- HoA-REC&N Energy Project “An Integrated Approach to Meet Rural Household Energy Needs of Ethiopia” held a stakeholder consultative meeting on 8 September 2015 at HoA-REC&N headquarters. The meeting was aimed to discuss the action plans for the one-year no cost extension period approved by the EU Delegation to Ethiopia.

Dr. Araya Asfaw, Executive Director, HoA-REC&N, opened the meeting with a speech mentioning the achievements of the project, the limitations and the importance of the project extension to address activities that have been delayed due to various factors. Participants from partner organizations

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namely: ENDA Ethiopia, the Ethiopia branch of ENDA International network based in Senegal, Arsi Nature Conservation and Environmental Development Association (ANCEDA), Partnership for Integrated Sustainable Development (PISDA), The Relief Society of Tigray (REST), and Organization for Rehabilitation and Development in Amhara (ORDA) presented their respective project performances and challenges encountered in the course of the project implementation period. Furthermore, Mr. Mesfin Kinfu presented detailed action plan for the next one year.

The four-year project funded by the European Commission started to be implemented in 2011. The project aimed to address energy problems of 10,000 rural households in Amhara, Oromia and Tigray regions. The main focus of the project has been promoting and creating access to various renewable energy technologies, such as efficient cookstoves, biogas, solar lighting and cooking appliances suitable for rural households. So far, the project has established 20 Renewable Energy Enterprises that are producing and disseminating the energy technologies in the three regions

ISO Auditor Certification and Training offered

Three training packages (ISO 14064/65-Greenhouse Gas (GHG) measuring, reporting and verification (MRV); ISO 14001 Environmental management system (EMS) and ISO 19011 Environmental auditing) were offered to Climate Resilient Green Economy (CRGE) implementing ministries, universities and research institutes in Ethiopia. The trainings were conducted in HoA-REC&N Headquarters, Arat Kilo Campus, Addis Ababa University, and Ras Amba Hotel between 6th July - 25th August 2015. The Trainees were certified to conduct Environmental Auditing, GHG-MRV and to act as environmental management system representative in various organizations.

A total of 58 experts from Ministry of Environment and Forest, Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of Water Irrigation and Energy, Ministry of Transport, Ethiopia National Accreditation Office, Ethiopia Conformity Assessment Enterprise, Ethiopia Railway Authority, Addis Ababa University and other regional universities have received the training. Trainees will serve as an environmental representative in their ministries and will assist in mainstreaming and effectively implementing of the CRGE

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BuzzwordSustainable

In the 21st Century the mother of all buzzwords is sustainable. It is a term that is so powerful that in development circles, it is increasingly becoming unspoken because, everything must be sustainable. Despite the omnipresence of the term, sustainability is often not fully understood.

Firstly, sustainability is oftentimes equated with endurance or something that can last a long time. More accurately, sustainability is defined by endurance over the long term. In general, human beings have a great capacity for endurance – an ability to survive under the most adverse conditions. However, eventually, everyone’s capacity to endure will run out eventually. Even the great Haile Gebresellasie will, eventually, no longer be able to endure and stop running. Sustainable development focuses on building the capacity of society to endure over the long term.

Secondly, when working in a specific sector with a specific background, such as environmental science, it is easy to pigeon hole the concept of sustainability within the scope of an environmentalist mindset. However, it is dangerous to view sustainable development with this narrow type of lens. At HoA-REC&N, sustainable development is viewed cautiously through an environmentalist’s lens. Members of the Centre and Network understand that environmental, social, economic, cultural and several other factors are interlinked and closely tied to sustainable development. This is why holding community workshops, meeting with government officials and understanding the social, political, economic

and cultural conditions of a target area is so important before implementing any intervention.

The large number of Sustainable Development Goals and associated targets reflects this understanding of multi-faceted sustainable development. The 17 goals address environment, social issues, cultural issues, economics, energy, health, conflict and the general well-being of the human race. Development practitioners have realised how closely these elements of sustainability are interlinked and have a better idea of how they affect each other.

Sustainability is the mother of all buzzwords because of its importance to the advancement of the human race. The Sustainable Development Goals are goals that will help us to endure over the long term. The world is facing

numerous unprecedented challenges that affect the social, ecological, cultural economic and political environment of the planet. In order to ensure sustainability, we must understand the different elements of sustainability and how they are interlinked. The 17 Sustainable Development goals demonstrate a greater understanding of this need, and, now, it is

the time for world leaders and average citizens to carry out the charge that the Sustainable Development Goals put forth

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Guest Article A Project Lights up ArsoAmba

By Samson Tsegaye

ArsoAmba is a village located 230 km far from Addis Ababa in North Shoa Zone, Amhara Regional State. It has an estimated population of 5000 people. However, the community, by virtue of its location, has limited access to basic infrastructure, such as roads, water and electricity.

The Solar Energy Foundation (SEF) is an International NGO established in Germany in 2005 and registered in Ethiopia in 2007. The objective of the foundation is to create access to renewable energy for rural households in Ethiopia. Since its registration, it signed different project agreements with regional and federal bureaus. So far, it disseminated over 30,000 different sized solar lighting systems and trained and employed 64 staff in the foundation’s training centre. The foundation has also provided several trainings to officials from different energy bureaus’ staff, microfinance institution groups, and others.

In 2014, the foundation signed a project agreement with Amhara Regional State to electrify

one village per year, and ArsoAmba was the first village selected for this

project. The beneficiary had to contribute 25% of the material

cost, while the foundation

covered 75%. The project began to operate in September 2014 and ended in May 2015. For targeted 800 households, 712 solar lighting systems where installed on credit instalment and cash payment bases and each system comprised 4 lamps, a mobile charging system and radio use options. Other partners engaged in this project were The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI) through the DFID- TERI Clean Energy Project, in partnership with HoA-REC&N in Ethiopia.

ArsoAmba’s dwellers are now using the solar lights in their homes in various ways. Before they purchased the solar lights, their main sources of lighting were kerosene lamps and burning firewood. The laborious task of sourcing firewood is assigned to women and girls in the community. In the case of kerosene, the current high costs, coupled with the low light intensity; smoke fumes and smell made it less attractive for communities. Most residents of the village own mobile phones, but have no power supply to charge their phones. As a result, they had to send their phones to the nearest electrified village and pay a fee to charge them. Mrs. Memo Masresha, 38, a resident of ArsoAmba, has four children. She says her household is much happier today since installing the solar home system

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in their home. She had had many problems before because of “kuraz”- a device that burns kerosene in a bottle. “Our house was unsecured,” she said, “Many houses burnt down in this village, even kids died because of fire set from the “kuraz” or burning firewood.” Her health was also at risk, as she had to walk a very long distance to fetch water.

Mrs. Memo’s daughters also had to collect firewood several times a week, so they could hardly go to school regularly and concentrate on their studies. But now, she and her children have cleaner and better lighting at home. “Our kids can study in the evening and also help us in our daily activities. We don’t worry about the dangers posed by fire. No additional costs from purchasing kerosene, and its bad smells do not affect us,” said Mrs. Memo.

Mrs. Memo also added that these days she is able to spend more time with the family in the evenings. “When our kids got sick in the dark, it was very difficult to find our Kuraz and the matchsticks. But today we just switch on the solar light in case of emergency,” she said.

Today, shop owners in ArsoAmba could manage to extend their opening hours to 10 pm. However, before the installation of the solar lights, they had to close their shops immediately after sunset. But now they earn more income because they are open later.

Besides, the foundation also equipped health clinics in ArsoAmba with a solar cooling system that allows pharmacists to store medicines for emergency cases.Since its inception in Ethiopia, SEF has successfully installed 2,400 solar home systems in Rema on an initial aid bases; 5400 systems in 15 rural villages in 4 major regions namely: Amhara, Oromiya, SNNPR and Tigray. As a result, the Foundation has replaced 7,800 kerosene lamps with solar lighting systems. In doing so, it has contributed to the reduction of carbon emission. It also established a Solar Valley Campus, which hosts the first International Solar Energy School in Ethiopia, the foundation’s offices, and a solar assembling plant

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Solar home systems instalation in ArsoAmba

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ACROSS

1. Ensure availability and sustainable management of _______ and sanitation for all2. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies for sustainable development, provide access to ___________ for all and build effective, accountable and inclusive institutions at all levels7. Ensure sustainable ____________ and production patterns9. Achieve _____________ and empower all women and girls13. Ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern _________ for all14. Build resilient ____________, promote inclusive and sustainable industrialization and foster innovation15. End ____________ in all its forms everywhere16. Take urgent action to combate _____________ and its impacts

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1. Ensure healthy lives and promote ___________ for all at all ages3. Make _________ and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable4. Strength then the means of implementation and revitalize the global __________ for sustainable development5. Conserve and sustainably use the ___________, seas and marine resources for sustainable development6. Reduce ___________ within and among countries8. Ensure inclusive and equitable quality __________ and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all (BACKWARDS)10. Promote sustained, inclusive and sustainable __________ growth, full and productive employment and decent work for all11. Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of __________ ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertifica tion, and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss12. End ____________ achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculturet

15ANSWERS ON PAGE 13

Editor Ledet Shibeshi (Ms.)

Associate Editors

Gemechu Bekele (Mr.) Rita Effah (Ms.)

Editorial Team

Almaz Tadesse (Ms., PhD)Araya Asfaw (Mr., PhD)Gelila Tesfu (Ms.)

Horn of Africa Regional Enviroment Centre and NetworkAddis Ababa

HoA-REC&N Headquarters, Gullele Botanic Garden

P.O.Box: 80773Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Tel: +251 (0)11-896-8400Email: info@hoarec.org

Website: www.hoarec.org

www.facebook.com/hoarec.n

www.twitter.com/hoarec

Contributors

Abdirahman Ahmed (Mr.)Andrew Gamble (Mr.)Gemechu Bekele (Mr.)Getahun Ashefa (Mr.)Mesfin Kinfu (Mr.) Rawda Seman (Mrs.)Samson Tsegaye (Mr.)Samson Zeleke (Mr.)Haileyesus Brook (Mr.)

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