house construction building construction -...
TRANSCRIPT
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BUILDING CONSTRUCTION
House Construction
Building Construction Principle
Building Functions
Building Construction Elements
Building Construction Characteristics
Types of Building Construction
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Introduction Building Functions
Accommodation
Working
Business
Pleasure Study
Building Construction Characteristics
Safe
Aesthetic
Comfort
Suitable Cost Quality
Building Construction Elements
Foundation Building Frame (Column, Beam) Slab Wall & Retaining Wall Door & Window Staircases Roof Ceiling Finishes
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Types of Building Construction
Residential
Non-residential
Engineering Facilities
Industry Facilities
Foundation
• What is Foundation?
• Important part in the building construction.
• Point load (dead load, life load, wind load, etc.)
• Dead Load– Walls, roof, slab, beam, others structures, fix furniture, etc.
• Life Load– Moveable load (not fix), people, etc.
Shallow foundations of a house versus the deep foundations of a Skyscrapers
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Foundation
• Functions:
– Building base – Building load distribution to earth/soil – To avoid building settlement cause by the soil movement and
erosion– Increase building stability by lower down centre of gravity
(therefore building foundation in the ground)
Foundation
Types of Foundations:
Shallow Foundation (Asas Cetek)– Generally the depth of shallow foundation - < 3m– Example: Pad Footing, Strip Foundation, Raft Foundation
Deep Foundation (Asas Dalam)– Generally the depth of deep foundation - >3m– Example: Pile Foundation
Pad Footing Strip Foundation
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Raft Foundation
Pile
Building Frame (Column & Beam)
Building Frame (Column & Beam)
Building frame consist of: Column Beam
• In building construction, building frame constructed after foundation and before others structure such as slab, roof, ceiling, finishes and etc.
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Column
Beam
Slab
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Slab
• What is Slab?
Slab is building surface which received any activities from occupier and loads, also safe and comfortable
• Types of Slab:♠ Ground Slab (Concrete)♠ Suspended Slab (Wood/Concrete)
Slab
Concrete Floor SlabFloor Slab Details
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Concrete Floor Slab
Wall & Retaining Wall
What is Wall?
• Wall is refer to thin construction using wood frame as building partition (internal/external) or any other materials in the market.
What is Retaining Wall?
• Retaining wall related to thick and solid construction using bricks, concrete, concrete block, etc.
Wood Wall
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Reinforced Concrete Retaining Wall
Door & Window
What is Door? • Attached in the building as access to in and out.
What is Window?• Functions:
– Allow sun light to enter in the building– Air ventilation – Heat and sound insulation – Avoid wind and rain
Types of Door
Ledge (Belebas)
Batten Brace (Perembat)
Batten Batten (beroti) Door
Flat Door
Solid Flat Door Frame Flat Door
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Panel Door
Single Panel Twin (4) Panel Twin (6) Panel
Louvre Door
Glass Door Types of Window
Glass Louvre Window
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Glass Frame Window
Sliding windowSliding window
Glass Frame Window
Casement WindowCasement Window
Glass Frame Window
Fixed CasementFixed Casement
Glass Frame Window
Top HungTop Hung
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Staircases
• Staircases consists of many runners to form steps.
• Purpose: to provide facilities up and down from one floor to another floor in the building.
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Types of Staircases
Straight Runners Staircases
Types of Staircases
Corner Staircases(900)
Types of Staircases
Straight Corner Staircases(1800)
Types of StaircasesTwo Branches Staircases
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Types of Staircases
Spiral
Types of StaircasesWood Staircases Concrete Staircases
Types of Staircases
Brick Staircases Metal Staircases
Roof
• Roof is very important structures in order to protect building occupiers from rain and sunshine.
• Types of Roof (m/s 386 – Tan Boon Tong):– “Bumbung Tebeng Layar”, “Bumbung Limas”, “Bumbung Gabriel”, “Bumbung Mansard”,
“Bumbung Limas Belanda”, “Bumbung Rata”, “Bumbung Layang”, “Bumbung Tebeng Layar”, “Bumbung Minangkabau”, “Bumbung Pisang Sesikat”
• Types of Roof Trusses (pg414 – Construction Materials, Methods, and Techniques)– King Post, W or Fink, Belgian or Double W, Howe, Mono-Pitch 4 Panel, Queen, Scissors,
Gable End, Pratt, Fan, Dutch Space, Living Space(Attic) , Hip Roof, Pitched Flat, Mansard
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Ceiling
• What is Ceiling?
Finishes under roof
To cover roof frame structure
Heat and cold insulation.
PENGENALAN
PENGENALAN PENGENALAN
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PENGENALAN PENGENALAN
Finishes
• Last activities (work) in building construction. • Selection of finishes should properly done in
order to have quality finishes within cost.• Types:
Type of Materials Type of Finishes
Wood Oil Paint, silicon (chemical substance used in varnish), lacquer(hard glossyvarnish), etc
Finishes
• Types:
Types of Materials Types of Finishes
Steel Oil paint
Bitumen paint
Lacquer
Gypsum/Cement Distemper paint (chalk)
Plaster Emulsion paint (water)
Oil paint
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Finishes
• Types:
Type of Materials Type of FinishesConcrete Cement Plaster
Wood stripParquet TileMorzaicTerrazzo
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