housing design process

8/13/2019 Housing Design Process

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HOUSING DESIGNPROCESS


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The process ..

1.Data feasibility studies Collection & Analysis

Detailed studies

2. Proposals Options Design

Final Proposal

3. Implimentation PhasingImplimentaions / Execution

Monitoring


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Data .. User (target population)

Economic Aspects:

Occupation

Income (Gross & Net)

Expenditure

Saving

Place of word

Mode of travel

Priorities to spend

Size & type of plot and building

Infrastructure

- Utilities- Common facilities

- Circulation


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HOUSEHOLD :

No. Of peopleage, sex

TypeIndependentjointfamily

Healthrelevant to

environment

Altitudes

location

tenure(free lease rental)

-Area of plot frontage,

building

priorities

No. Of new housesExtension to old buildings

Type & size of buildings, open

spaces

Supporting facilities


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COMMUNITY

Controls(organisation)

Caste,religion Self help(low imcome)

Meeting places

ShrinesCost effective buildings


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DEMAND

Affordability (actual)

Expectation(potential)

Preferences :

Typology of houses

TenureLocations

Utilities

Methods to obtain houses :

Self help build

Buy complete dwelling

Build thro co-ops


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Data .. Site ..

LOCATION :

Impact of urban

development (existing

&proposed)

Potential for employment

Distance to facilities

Transportation link

Potential for

offsite,onsite,onplot

infrastructure

Cost

DemandSuccessful implementation


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AREA/SHAPE

Accuracy

Measuring,survey

Design efficiency


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TOPOGRAPHIC/VEGETAT

ION

Areas unsuitable for

buildings

Drainage(low lying

areas)

Landscape

details(tree,water

bodies)

Cost of development

Environment


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GROUND CONDITIONS

Soil types

Presence of groundwater

rocks

aggressive chemicals

Construction

CostCost of water supply


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CLIMATE

Temperature,relative

humidity

Rainfall

Wind-direction/strength

Seasonal variations

comfort ranges

Design of

ShelterStreets

Open spaces


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EXISTING

DEVELOPMENT

Layout pattern

Plot sizes,shapes

Buildings

Common-fecilities

Commerce/industry

Circulation/transportation

Utilities,other land uses

Trend of development

To formulate designstandards.


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INSTITUTION/FINANCE

Agencies -Preparation

-Planning

-Implementation

(promoter,building,archit

ect etc)

Project development as a

whole


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FINANCE

Land cost -

Influencing factors

Market demand

Tenure status

Location

Frontage to main road

Land use controls zoning

Level of services

Key to success of the project


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BUILDING COST

Materials

Construction

Services

ASSESSING THE ABILITY TO PAY .

Affordability analysis

Relating affordability to cost of land/building


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ANALYSIS OF DETAILED STUDIES

Design Guidelines

TARGET POPULATION

Type of houses

Services(available)&need

ed to

ability to pay by

Willingness to

Site suitability (problems

/opportunities)

Financial implications


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DESIGN.....OPTIONS....PROPOSALS.....HOUSIN

G

LAYOUT AND DENSITY

Scaleneighbourhoodsay 5000 people

Identifiable unit with provision for facilities

Easy to administrate


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GROSS DENSITY

100/hect ------ low ----- individual houses more priv.&pub. Space

200/hect-------- medium------- individual + multi occupancy ,adequate

priv.&pub. Open space

300/hect ----- high ----- more multi occupancy limited priv+ pub

space

600/hect ---- very high ---- multi storied , multi occupancy , restricted

priv& pub space , Intensive use


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POPULATION... DENSITY.... LAND.....

EQUATIONS

Popnet densityland in priv use(saleable)gross densityland

area required

5000308/hect65% - 200/hect25 hect


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A B C D

6 7.5 9 12

9

12

15

18


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BUILDINGS

Type and minimumsuperstructure necessary(tostart with)

(incremental esc. For lowincome)

Cost of house to be related toaffordability

( find unit cost of building)

Construction to be familiar andappropriate

( cost effective techniques)

Labour and materials to suitlocal conditions

PROVIDE RANGES

INDEPENDENTTWIN

ROW

CLUSTER

MEDIUM RISE

LOW RISE

HIGH RISE


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Common facilities

EDUCATION

formation of housing standards relevant to

scheme

Or follow local/ national standards if available

Ex: for 5000 population 1.primary school

2. nursery schoolLocation ... acceptable option

HEALTH FACILITIES

Consult appropriate organisations

Follow national/local standards (if any)

COMMERCE / INDUSTRY

Low income category

Provides local employment

Increased money spend within the project

Attract investment to help cross subsidyTo improve quality of life


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Common facilities

GENERAL

Commercial core to expand later (easily)

Convenient shops integrated with houses in

streetLarge scale activity to cater to residents as

well as non residents

Mixed development

RECREATION

local or international standards

Formal (organised games)

To suit the ability of target population who has

to bear the cost

Centrally located.... easily accessible

(at the same time) avoid valuable land

On formal(parks,play spaces)

Large no. Of small open spaces taking care of

childrens play suiting housing chuster

LANDSCAPING

To provide shady areas or for aesthetics?

Cost consideration

Who will maintain?


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EFFICIENCY OF LAYOUT

Public land roads, streets open spaces cost to be born by

residents 20-25%

Semi public land institutions cost by institutions 15-

18%

Private land houses,private street commerce 55-65%


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CIRCULATION AND TRANSPORTATION

Lane, street,roads,parking

Standards per reg.

Hierarchy of streets width to tolerate to diff.

Width to relate to diff. Modes under Indian condition

Shorting each road to reduce impact on housing unitsand to reduce costs

Parking to relate directly to each unit withoutcompromising environmental quality

Design roads to assure buffering and integration withother plan elements


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UTILITIES

Considering cost, may be implemented ina phased manner

To meet the objective

Water supply

. Source of water - tank,well,municipal supply

. Public stand pipe---- individual piped supply Sewage disposal ---- septic tank---- water born sewage

Surface drainage

Electricity ---- stret lightning , individual connections

Carbage disposal--- communal disposal point, on plotcollection

Telephone---- communal provision, plot connection

( Prepare layout diagrams with alternatives )


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DETAILED PROPOSALS

Based on the option approved by the user and authorities

To be prepared for the first phase only

Changes as a result of experience can be incorporated in later

design

Detailed design not only prepared to meet the initial levels butdesigned to take care of the likely final levels.

THEN COMES YOUR IMPLEMENTATIONS AND

MONITORING ..


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tHANK yOU .

housing design process

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