How do compounds form?

Bonding

Knowledge Rating Know it! Think I know it! NO Clue!

KI TKI NC

Valence electronsElectron dot structuresOctet ruleAnionCationIonic BondMetallic BondHalide ion

Write your own definition of each term!

4 things can happen when elements come together to form

compounds?

1. Atoms can lose electrons2. Atoms can gain electrons3. Atoms can share electrons4. Share pooled electrons

Jerry Springer Chemistry

Sick, Sick, Sick!!

Otherwise known asIonic Bonding

Metals are easy-1. give up valence electrons2. become positively charged

Nonmetals are users1. take valence electrons

whenever possible2. become negatively charged

First- Let’s draw the Bohr model for Na and Cl

How many valence electrons does each element have?

What happens when the metal looses his electron?

What happens when Cl gains and electron?

What do we know about the

stability of Nobel gases?Octet rule- atoms in compounds

tend to have the electron configuration of a nobel gas.

A Really Long Song...

Want to learn an easier way of drawing valence electrons around

atoms?

Lewis Dot structures- Write the symbol and the electrons (in their correct spots!)

Let me show you sodium and chlorine!

Now you try1. Magnesium2. Oxygen3. Fluorine4. Potassium5. Phosphorous

I forget… how can I tell how many valence electrons are in a group?

Oxidation NumbersJust a fancy name for the charge----

It’s the number of valence electrons an atom wants to give up--- or receive to achieve a nobel gas configuration

Write these somewhere!!!!

Magnesium Sulfide• Draw the LS for Magnesium• How many electrons can it give up?

• Draw the LS for SulfurHow many empty spots does it have?

Does it make sense that these two will fit together?

Twins- Kinky!!• Draw the LS for Calcium

• How many chlorine atoms are needed?

Triplets??Draw LS for Nitrogen

How many Sodium atoms are needed to “complete” nitrogen

Name the ionic compound!

Warm Upa. Draw the Lewis Structures for calcium

and bromine.b. Identify the type of atom (metal or

nonmetal).c. Draw arrows to show the movement

of electrons.

We can always tell how many atoms of each element will form a neutral

compound…

Criss Cross method

Work on the Ionic Bonding WS

Naming ionic compounds

• Name the cation (metal)… ….then the anion (nonmetal)

and add “ide”

CaCl2

Let’s practice a few on the IB WS

Important Vocab TermsElectrostatic force - the force that occurs when a

+ charge is attracted to a - charge (causes the bonds!)

Salt- another name for ionic compounds

Formula unit- One molecule of an ionic compound

Ionic Compounds Electrostatic attraction between formula

units create a stable structure

“Crystal Lattice”- formula units, which repeat in a geometric pattern.

NaCl

Properties of Ionic Compounds

1. Crystalline solids at room temperature2. Have very high melting and boiling points3. Conduct electricity when in a molten state (or

dissolved in water)

Warm Up:How many atoms of each element in the following

compounds??

NaClCaCl2Na3PO4

Ca(NO3)2

Al2(SO4)3

Now you practice!!

How do I calculate Molar Mass?

1. Determine the number of atoms of each element.

2. Multiply by the atomic mass.3. Add’m Up

Ionic Bonding Cut and Paste Activity

1. Color the cations one color and the anions another.

2. Build the neutral compounds.3. Remember your + charges need to

equal the - charges.4. Name the compounds!

Ionic Bonding with Polyatomic Ions

Polyatomic Ions- A group of covalently bonded atoms that have a charge.

The charge is attracted to the charge on a metal to form an ionic bond.

Polyatomic Ion Rap

Practice….

What about the Transition Metals?

We need to be a little careful with these because Transition Metals often have more than one oxidation number.