how do things get in and out? the cell membrane
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
![Page 2: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
How do things get in and out?
![Page 3: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Cell Membrane
![Page 4: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Plasma Membrane(aka Cell Membrane)
• Phosopholipid Bilayer
• Called the Fluid Mosaic Model
• Selectively Permeable
![Page 5: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Selectively Permeable
If a membrane is selectively permeable only
certain things can pass through
![Page 7: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Cell Membrane is Selective:
• Things that pass through lipid layer: – Non-Polar Molecules (Alcohols, Steroids)
– Small Molecules (Water)
• Things that require protein channels: – Polar Molecules (Ions)
– Large Molecules
![Page 8: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Active (requires ATP)
Passive (no ATP)
Types of Transport
![Page 9: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Transport mediaMembrane Transport from Pearson
Transport across membranes from Bozeman
Northland college: complete cell membrane movements
![Page 10: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Passive TransportMovement of
materials that DOES NOT require energy
(ATP)
![Page 11: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Osmosis
Passive
Passive Transport
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
![Page 12: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
What is happening here???
![Page 13: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
DIFFUSIONThe passive movement
of material from an area of high concentration to
an area of low concentration
![Page 14: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ConcentrationThe number of a
substance in a specific area
![Page 15: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
High Concentration
Low Concentration
![Page 16: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
![Page 17: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Factors Affecting Diffusion• Concentration—diffusion always goes from
high concentration to low concetration
• Temperature—the higher the temperature, the faster diffusion occurs
• Molecular size—the bigger the molecule, the longer diffusion takes
• Mixing/shaking/stirring
![Page 18: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
OSMOSISThe diffusion of water through a selectively
permeable membrane
![Page 19: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Osmosis—another look…
![Page 21: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Osmotic Pressure
The force (pressure) of water on a cell membrane
![Page 22: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Types of Solutions
![Page 23: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Isotonic SolutionEqual concentratino on both sides of a embraneRESULT: No net movement of water in or out of the cell
![Page 24: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Hypotonic Solution
When the side of a membrane has a lower solute concentration, or higher water concentration
![Page 25: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Hypotonic SolutionRESULT: Water moves from the solution into the cell causing it to swell or break (lysis)
![Page 26: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Hypertonic SolutionRESULT: The water moves out of the cell
into the solution, causing the cell to
shrink
![Page 27: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Why doesn’t the plant cell undergo lysis?
![Page 28: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
WHITEBOARDINGIn your groups draw what the cells would look like in
each case.Effect of Osmosis on Cells
Animal Cell
Solution Before After
Isotonic
Hypotonic
Hypertonic
![Page 29: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Explain what is
happening in this
cartoon…
![Page 30: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion that is helped by proteins in
the membrane
![Page 31: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Facillitated Diffusion
![Page 32: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Diffusion vs. Facillitated Diffusion
![Page 33: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
MembraneMovements
Active
Cellular Transport
Ion Pumps
Endocytosis Exocytosis
Phagocytosis
Osmosis
Passive
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
Pinocytosis Receptor-mediatedEndocytosis
![Page 34: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Active TransportMovement of materials
from low concentration to high concentration using a
protein carrier that requires energy
(costs ATP)
![Page 35: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
What was ATP again???
![Page 36: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Sodium-Potassium Pump
![Page 37: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Active Transport
![Page 38: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Endocytosis and Exocytosis
![Page 39: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
EndocytosisProcess of bringing
particles into a cell using extensions of the cellular
membrane
![Page 40: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
ExocytosisProcess of moving particles
out of a cell using extensions of the cellular
membrane (how wastes are excreted
from cells)
![Page 41: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
PinocytosisThe process of
membrane folding that enables cells to bring “water” into the cell
(a.k.a. cellular drinking)
![Page 42: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: How do things get in and out? The Cell Membrane](https://reader031.vdocuments.net/reader031/viewer/2022033019/56649d055503460f949d8922/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
PhagocytosisThe process of
membrane folding that enables cells to bring “food” into the cell
(a.k.a. cellular eating)