how do we classify consonants? how do we make vowels? prof a. elhaloui
TRANSCRIPT
How do we classify How do we classify consonants?consonants?
How do we make How do we make vowels?vowels?
Prof A. ElhalouiProf A. Elhaloui
PharynxPharynx
ћћ
عع
Pharyngeal
voicelessvoiceless
voicedvoiced
bilabialbilabial
oral stoporal stop
voicedvoiced
bbPP
MM
VV voicelessvoiceless
ppnasal stopnasal stop mmalveolaralveolar
nnvelarvelar
ηηoral stoporal stop ggvoicelessvoiceless
kkoral fricativeoral fricative xxlabiodentallabiodental
ffvoicedvoiced
vvbilabialbilabial
ββvoicelessvoiceless
φφvoicedvoiced
Bi-Bi-lablabialial
LabiLabiodenodentaltal
InterInter--dentadentall
alvealveolarolar
AlveAlveopalopalatalatal
papalalatatall
velavelarr
glottglottalal
pharypharyngealngeal
Oral Oral stopstop PP
bbttdd
kkgg
ʔʔ
NasalNasal
FricaFricativetive
mmφφββ
ffvv θθ ðð
nnššŽŽ
ññ
XX hhћћʕʕ
AffriAffricatecate č č
ĴĴLiquiLiquidd
glideglide
l l rr
jj w w ʍʍ
voicedvoicedvoicelessvoiceless
voicelessvoicelessvoicedvoiced voicelessvoicelessvoicedvoicedlaterallateral Non-lateralNon-lateral
coronalscoronalslabiallabialanterioranterior
How do we produce vowels?How do we produce vowels?
1.1. By raising or lowering the tongueBy raising or lowering the tongue
2.2. By retracting or advancing the tongueBy retracting or advancing the tongue
3.3. By spreading or rounding the lipsBy spreading or rounding the lips
4.4. By tensing or untensing the mouthBy tensing or untensing the mouth
What about diphthongs?What about diphthongs?
How are they produced?How are they produced?
