how does perspective and purpose influence the creation of...
TRANSCRIPT
Exploring Map Projections
1
How Does Perspective and Purpose Influence the Creation of Maps?
The Cartographer’s Challenge
2
The Cartographer’s Challenge
3
The Cartographer’s Challenge
4
The Cartographer’s Challenge
5
What gets distorted on maps?
6
• the shapes of land and water areas
What gets distorted on maps?
7
• the shapes of land and water areas
• the relative sizes of land and water areas
What gets distorted on maps?
8
• the shapes of land and water areas
• the relative sizes of land and water areas
• distances between places
What gets distorted on maps?
9
• the shapes of land and water areas
• the relative sizes of land and water areas
• distances between places
• angles of direction between places
Different projections reflect different distortions.
10
Mercator Projection
11
What appears accurate?
Mercator Projection
12
What appears accurate?
• Shape
• Direction
Mercator Projection
13
What appears distorted?
Mercator Projection
14
What appears distorted?
• Size
Mercator Projection
15
The purpose of this map:
Developed in 1569 by Gerardus Mercator as a navigation tool.
Mercator Projection: Problems
16
Africa Compared to Greenland
Mercator Projection: Problems
17
Africa Compared to Greenland
Greenland: 800,000 sq. miles Africa: 11.6 million sq. miles
Mercator Projection: Problems
18
Europe Compared to South America
Mercator Projection: Problems
19
Europe Compared to South America
Europe: 3.8 million sq. miles South America: 9.9 million sq.
miles
Gall-Peters Projection
20
What appears accurate?
Gall-Peters Projection
21
What appears accurate?
• Size
Gall-Peters Projection
22
What appears distorted?
Gall-Peters Projection
23
What appears distorted?
• Shape
Gall-Peters Projection
24
The purpose of this map:
Developed in 1974 by Arno Peters to portray the size of the continents more accurately.
Gall-Peters: Problems
25
“The Peters map is somewhat reminiscent of wet, ragged long winter underwear hung out to dry on the Arctic Circle."
- cartographer Arthur Robinson
Robinson Projection
26
What appears accurate?
Robinson Projection
27
What appears accurate?
• Shape
• Size
Robinson Projection
28
What appears distorted?
Robinson Projection
29
What appears distorted?
• Direction
• Land and water areas near the poles
Robinson Projection
30
The purpose of this map:
Developed in 1963 by Arthur Robinson to provide a balance between size and shape.
31
The Problem of Antarctica
32
The Problem of Antarctica
Draw a sketch of a map that would show Antarctica more accurately.
33
The Problem of Antarctica
34
Other Map Projections
35
Other Map Projections
36
Other Map Projections
37
Other Map Projections
38
Other Map Projections
39
Other Map Projections
40
Other Map Projections
41
Other Map Projections
42
Other Map Projections
43
Other Map Projections
44
Other Map Projections
45
Other Map Projections
46
Other Map Projections
47
Other Map Projections
48
Other Map Projections
49
What is in the center?
50
What is in the center?
51
What is in the center?
52
What is in the center?
53
What is in the center?
54
What is in the center?
55
What is in the center?
56
The Issue of Distance
How far did the basketball travel?
57
The Issue of Distance
58
The Issue of Distance
A
B
59
3905.3 miles
How Far Did the Basketball Travel?
60
The Cartographer’s
Challenge
61
The Cartographer’s
Challenge
62
The Cartographer’s
Challenge
Projections
Mercator
Gall-Peters
Robinson
63
The Cartographer’s
Challenge
Projections
Mercator
Gall-Peters
Robinson
Distortions
Size
Shape
Direction
Distance
Michigan Citizenship Collaborative Curriculum Copyright © 2010-2014 by Oakland Schools