how ‘ gis ‘ can be used for improvement of literacy and ce ... · pdf filehow...

How ‘ GIS ‘ can be used for improvement of literacy and CE

programmes

How How ‘‘ GIS GIS ‘‘ can be used for can be used for improvement of literacy and CE improvement of literacy and CE

programmesprogrammes

Training Workshop for Myanmar Literacy Resource Center Training Workshop for Myanmar Literacy Resource Center (MLRC)(MLRC)

( Yangon, Myanmar, 11 ( Yangon, Myanmar, 11 –– 20 October 2000 )20 October 2000 )

Presented by U THEIN HTUT Presented by U THEIN HTUT –– GEOCOMP MYANMARGEOCOMP MYANMAR

Introduction to merit and potential ofGeographic Information System

‘ G I S ‘

Introduction to merit and potential ofIntroduction to merit and potential ofGeographic Information SystemGeographic Information System

‘‘ G I S G I S ‘‘

What is GIS ?What is GIS ?What is GIS ?

• A method tovisualize, manipulate, analyze, and display spatial data

• “Smart Maps”linking a database to the map

Data - Data - DataWe all ‘got data’

Data Data -- Data Data -- DataDataWe all We all ‘‘got datagot data’’

• Location Data – How Many – What Kind – Where

• Scale of Data– Local to Global

• Data Presentation– Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or MapsExploring data using GIS turns data into

information into knowledge

GIS is a System of computer software, hardware and data, and personnel to help manipulate, analyze and present information that is tied to a spatial location –

• spatial location – usually a geographic location• information – visualization of analysis of data• system – linking software, hardware, data• personnel – a thinking explorer who is key to

the power of GIS

Geographic Information Systems

A Definition of GISGeographic Information SystemsGeographic Information Systems

A Definition of GISA Definition of GIS

Database“Not Easy to Interpret”

Database“Not Easy to Interpret”

Visualization “Worth a Thousand Words”

Visualization “Worth a Thousand Words”

Two Ways to Input and Visualize DataThe World in GIS

Two Ways to Input and Visualize DataTwo Ways to Input and Visualize DataThe World in GISThe World in GIS

• Raster – Grid– “pixels”– a location and value– Satellite images and aerial photos are

already in this format

• Vector – Linear– Points, lines & polygons– “Features” (house, lake, etc.)

– Attributes– size, type, length, etc.

Real world

Data For GIS ApplicationsData For GIS ApplicationsData For GIS Applications

• Digitized and Scanned Maps– purchased, donated, free

(Internet)– created by user

• Data Bases – Tables of data– Data collection instrument / form– Collected by data collector

• Field Sampling of Attributes

States ( polygons )

Five Data Layers “Alike” Features

Five Data Layers “Alike” Features

Roads ( lines )

Capitals ( points )Rivers ( lines )

Lakes ( polygons )

“Spatial Analysis” – not just a map

Turning Data Into ( visual )Information

Turning Data Into ( visual )Information

Asking A Question – InteractionAsking A Question – Interaction

Maps and Database are “Interactive”

Maps and Database are “Interactive”

Multiple Databases can be Linked and Related

Multiple Databases can be Linked and Related

Combining Various Display MethodsCombining Various Display MethodsCombining Various Display Methods

Some Ways GIS is UsedSome Ways GIS is UsedSome Ways GIS is Used•• Emergency ServicesEmergency Services –– Fire & PoliceFire & Police

•• EnvironmentalEnvironmental –– Monitoring & ModelingMonitoring & Modeling•• BusinessBusiness –– Site Location, Delivery SystemsSite Location, Delivery Systems•• IndustryIndustry –– Transportation, Communication,Transportation, Communication,

Mining, Pipelines, HealthcareMining, Pipelines, Healthcare•• GovernmentGovernment –– Local, State, Federal, MilitaryLocal, State, Federal, Military•• EducationEducation –– Research, Teaching Tool,Research, Teaching Tool,

Literacy program AdministrationLiteracy program Administration

Wherever Spatial Data Analysis Wherever Spatial Data Analysis is Neededis Needed

Population of major citiesPopulation of major cities

Site Location and Client DistanceSite Location and Client Distance

3D Mine with Well Data33D Mine with Well DataD Mine with Well Data

Oil Spill and ContaminationOil Spill and ContaminationOil Spill and Contamination

Clusters and Comparison of DataClusters and Comparison of Data

Loma Linda Hospital FacilitiesLoma Linda Hospital Facilities

Merit of GISMerit of GISMerit of GIS

• GIS maps spatial objects as graphic features – points, lines, polygons, symbol, text

• GIS provides graphic features to tabular data (attributes)– Spatial coordinates, Symbology, Descriptive

Information• GIS links a worksheet (database) to map spatial

information• GIS provides tools for presenting spatial data

– Words, Charts, Graphs, Tables, or Maps

Some more merit of GISSome more merit of GISSome more merit of GIS• GIS makes static maps dynamic

– move around by pan/zoom/jump– change symbology : lines/colors/icons/fonts– show multiple information sets– turn information sets on/off

• GIS provides graphic and Boolean selection tools for making queries– Selection by graphic features– Selection by tabular features

• GIS provides variety of analytical tools for– Classify data, Compare data– Intersect / overlay / buffer graphics features

Some more merit of GISSome more merit of GISSome more merit of GIS

• GIS enhances our communication– provide common spatial data format– promote data sharing– data consistency

• GIS expands our insights– better understanding– cross-cutting thinking– better problem solving– better decision makingThus Time and money saving

Benefit of using GISfor improvement of NFE programme

Benefit of using GISBenefit of using GISfor improvement of NFE programmefor improvement of NFE programme

• NFE Database data collection instruments– Form1 - Village level literacy facts and figures

– Form2 - Basic literacy classes

– Form3 – Post-literacy classes

– Form4 – Post-literacy Learners

– Form5 – FacilitatorsExploring above databases using GIS will turn data into indicators to assess the status of NFE programmes.

Basic Literacy IndicatorsNational workshop on Monitoring and Evaluation of Literacy and

CE programmes in Myanmar

Basic Literacy IndicatorsBasic Literacy IndicatorsNational workshop on Monitoring and Evaluation of Literacy and National workshop on Monitoring and Evaluation of Literacy and

CE programmes in MyanmarCE programmes in Myanmar

Learning Center Level• Indicator 1: Percentage of illiterate adults (15-45) enrolled • Indicator 2: Percentage of dropout learners• Indicator 3: Percentage of completed learners• Indicator 4: Average ratio of trainers / trainees• Indicator 5: Percentage of learners who have access to teaching –

learning material• Indicator 6: Percentage of budgetted funds available and used• Indicator 7: Flexibility of training period• Indicator 8: Sufficient amount of training hours• Indicator 9: Availability of training venue• Indicator 10: Correct use of training methodology





Village Level• Indicator 1: Percentage of income increased family• Indicator 2: Percentage of using literacy skills and usage of

frequency• Indicator 3: Percentage of families with improved lifestyle• Indicator 4: Percentage of families who used the skill training





CLC Level• Indicator 1: Population of illiterates between ages 15 ~ 45• Indicator 2: Percentage of Targeted learners enrolled (by gender)• Indicator 3: Percentage of learners who dropout• Indicator 4: Number of instructors• Indicator 5: Number of NGO volunteers• Indicator 6: Amount of learning periods• Indicator 7: Percentage of average attendance (by gender)• Indicator 8: Facilities (stationeries, manuals) received by

implementing agency• Indicator 9: Number of meetings conducted by management• Indicator 10: Rate of completion (by level)• Indicator 11: Percentage of graduates who enter post-literacy

programmes





CLC Level• Indicator 12: Number of learners who read newspaper, journals

(educational & recreational), advertisements, etc.After completion the programme

• Indicator 13: Number of learners who know the income generation programmes

• Indicator 14: Percentage of coordination in village communitylearning centers

• Indicator 15: Skills acquired from income generation programmes





CLC Level

• Indicator 16: Number of household• Indicator 17: Size of population in that community• Indicator 18: Percentage of illiterates/literates by age and sex

(5 ~ 9, 10 ~ 14, 15 ~ 45 )• Indicator 19: Number of volunteer teachers to be recruited• Indicator 20: Number of instructors to train trainers

Adult female literacy And Accessibility index

Adult female literacy And Accessibility index

Adult female literacy Adult female literacy

Six Steps to GIS development!GIS Life Cycle Management Approach

Six Steps to GIS development!Six Steps to GIS development!GIS Life Cycle Management ApproachGIS Life Cycle Management Approach

1. Requirements Analysisa. Do You Really Need a GIS?b. What Benefits Will a GIS Bring to Your Organization?c. Are You Ready to Begin the GIS Process?d. What Will a GIS Cost - Money and Effort?e. In-House or Using a Consultant - or Both?f. Get Software Demos: Beware of Salesperson Promises!g. Review Existing Hardware and Softwareh. Review Internal Staff Qualifications and Training Needsi. Prioritize System Featuresj. Cost / Benefit Analysis: Not All Benefits are Financial!k. Implementation Plan Developmentl. Choose Project Team - Internal and Consulting



2. System Configuration

a. Work With In-House MIS / IT Staffb. Design a System for Growthc. Realize Technology Enhancement Paced. Implement Best Available Systeme. Don’t Worry About 10 Years From Nowf. Design Your System for Optimization at

Installation Stage



3. Data DevelopmentSpatial and Tabulara. Identify Existing Data (Internal and External)b. Verify Data Qualityc. Identify Missing Datad. Design Database and Develop System Specificationse. Acquire / Develop Dataf. Integration Plan and Implementation - Use Enterprise-wide

System Approachg. Quality Control / Quality Assuranceh. Data Coding to Merge Databasesi. Final QA/QC



4. Application Development

a. Identify and Prioritize Your Application(s) b. Design Functional and Technical Specificationsc. Develop Prototype - Demonstrate to Provide Early

Buy-in from Corporate Managementd. Testing - Continuous Improvement



5. 5. Training & SupportTraining & Support

a. An Investment in Your Peopleb. An Investment in the Future of Your GISc. The Most Important Feature of Any GISd. Use Authorized Trainers or Manufacturers’ Training

Programse. Always Sign-up for Technical Supportf. Always Augment with Local Support When Possible

- Very Important!



6. 6. System & Data MaintenanceSystem & Data Maintenance

a. Your GIS will be Effective Only with Current and UpdatedData

b. Software Upgrades will Enhance Performance and Keep YouCurrent with the Latest in Technology

c. Upgrade Your Applications to Keep Pace with Changingproject/programme Needs!

d. Plan for an Ongoing Expense in Your Operating Budget- At Least 10-20% of Original Implementation Cost per Year

THE ENDTHE ENDTHE END

THANK YOU

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