UNIVERSITY OF GAZIANTEPMECHANICAL ENGINEERING

HOW IT IS MADE PLASTIC CHAIR?

Prof.Dr.ÖMER EYERCİOĞLUGROUP MEMBERSOKAN UTANGAÇERDİ KARAÇAL

Chairs are about status, power, and control. Origins of the chair started with the throne.(taht)

 Single-person seats with a back were important status symbols in ancient Mesopotamia and Egypt, as well.

Obviously our chairs today are completely different from ancient Egyptian thrones, but the throne-like properties of chairs have been the key historical factors behind their rise.

Until the nineteenth century, Chairs were used by rich people.That changed with the Industrial Revolution. Suddenly chairs were being made cheaply in factories and more people could afford to sit like the rich.

At the same time, labor was being settled: as workers moved from agriculture to factories and offices, laborers spent more and more time sitting in those newly mass-producible chairs. 

Until the centuries chairs were produced by using wood or iron as a raw material.After the discovery of oil Chairs have been produced by using petroleum products.We can see many types of chairs in our daily lifePeople use chairs for sitting.We can use them in many places. For example in our house,at cafe, restaurant and etc

During I talk about chairs You are also sitting on them.Maybe we can not be aware of that point but the product of chair is important part of our life…

Reasons of Using Plastic Chair*The price of plastic chair is cheaper than others,it

is very useful and its weight is lighter than others.*We can recycle it.*They can be cleaned easily.*Also transportation of plastic chair is easier than

others.Due to the design of the plastic chair they can be combined each other.

*Main reason is ; We can produce plastic chair more quickly than others.

As a result, People commonly use Plastic Chair..

RAW MATERİALPolyethylene terephthalate is our raw material to

produce plastic chair.It is also called as PET which the name of pet bottles comes from there.This material is thermoplastic which means that we can recycle it easily.

Pet has good corrosion of thermal radiation.İf we placed in direct sunlight they can with stand there for a very long time (five years approximately).

Pet is resistant againts solvents.Therefore Products of Pet can be easily cleaned by using solvent.

Pet has high mechanical strength.When we consider the product of chair strentgh is important so Pet is our raw material to produce plastic chair.

Manufacturing Process of Plastic Chair Is there anybody want to say how it is made

plastic chair?Can we produce chairs as totally one part or

we should assemble of its parts.(Short video)

As it seen in the video.Production of Plastic Chair is totally one part.. Plastic chair is produced about time interval of 60 second…

Injection molding

Injection molding is a manufacturing process for producing parts by injecting material into a mold. Injection molding can be performed with a host of materials, including metals, glasses, elastomers , confections, and most commonly thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers. Material for the part is fed into a heated barrel, mixed, and forced into a mold cavity where it cools and hardens to the configuration of the cavity. After a product is designed, usually by an industrial designer or an engineer, molds are made by a mold maker (or toolmaker) from metal, usually either steel or aluminum, and precision-machined to form the features of the desired part. Injection molding is widely used for manufacturing a variety of parts, from the smallest components to entire body panels of cars.

Parts to be injection molded must be very carefully designed to facilitate the molding process; the material used for the part, the desired shape and features of the part, the material of the mold, and the properties of the molding machine must all be taken into account. The versatility of injection molding is facilitated by this breadth of design considerations and possibilities.

History The industry expanded rapidly in the 1940s because World

War II created a huge demand for inexpensive, mass-produced products.In 1946, American inventor James Watson Hendry built the first screw injection machine, which allowed much more precise control over the speed of injection and the quality of articles produced.This machine also allowed material to be mixed before injection, so that colored or recycled plastic could be added to virgin material and mixed thoroughly before being injected. Today screw injection machines account for the vast majority of all injection machines. In the 1970s, Hendry went on to develop the first gas-assisted injection molding process, which permitted the production of complex, hollow articles that cooled quickly. This greatly improved design flexibility as well as the strength and finish of manufactured parts while reducing production time, cost, weight and waste.

The plastic injection molding industry has evolved over the years from producing combs and buttons to producing a vast array of products for many industries including automotive, medical, aerospace, consumer products, toys, plumbing packaging, and construction.

Moulding

Mold or die are the common terms used to describe the tool used to produce plastic parts in molding.

Since molds have been expensive to manufacture, they were usually only used in mass production where thousands of parts were being produced. Typical molds are constructed from hardened steel, pre-hardened steel, aluminum, and/or beryllium-copper alloy. The choice of material to build a mold from is primarily one of economics; in general, steel molds cost more to construct, but their longer lifespan will offset the higher initial cost over a higher number of parts made before wearing out.The standard method of cooling is passing a coolant(usually water) through a series of holes drilled through the mold plates and connected by hoses to form a continuous pathway. The coolant absorbs heat from the mold (which has absorbed heat from the hot plastic) and keeps the mold at a proper temperature to solidify the plastic at the most efficient rate. Aluminum molds can cost substantially less, and when designed and machined with modern computerized equipment can be economical for molding tens or even hundreds of thousands of parts. Beryllium copper is used in areas of the mold that require fast heat removal or areas that see the most shear heat generated. The molds can be manufactured either by CNC machining or by using electrical discharge machining processes.

CLAMPING A clamp is a fastening device to hold or secure objects tightly

together to prevent movement or separation through the application of inward pressure. In the United Kingdom and Australia, the term cramp is often used instead when the tool is for temporary use for positioning components during construction and woodworking; thus a G cramp or a sash cramp but a wheel clamp or a surgical clamp.

There are many types of clamps available for many different purposes. Some are temporary, as used to position components while fixing them together, others are intended to be permanent. In the field of animal husbandry, using a clamp to attach an animal to a stationary object is known as "rounded clamping." A physical clamp of this type is also used to refer to an obscure investment banking term; notably "fund clamps." Anything that performs the action of clamping may be called a clamp, so this gives rise to a wide variety of terms across many fields.

Although technically not a clamp, gripping elements mounted on the buckets of heavy duty equipment are referred to as clamps too.

CLAMPING MECHANISM

MACHINE PROPERTIES

Damaged Chairs

Recycle

How are Plastics Recycled?–   Separating Plastics by Type–   Cleaning & Disinfecting Plastic – Grinding up Plastic Flakes–   Melting Plastics Down & Reducing Them to Elements–   The Born Again Plastics

Thank You!