how smart are you? question #1 you’re driving a bus that is leaving on a trip from pennsylvania...
TRANSCRIPT
How Smart Are You?
Question #1
• You’re driving a bus that is leaving on a trip from Pennsylvania and ending in New York.
• To start off with, there were 32 passengers on the bus.
• At the next stop, 11 people get off and 9 people get on.
• At the next stop, 2 people get off and 2 people get on.
• At the next stop, 12 people get off and 16 people get on.
What color are the eyes of the bus driver?
• Blue?• Green?• Brown?• Hazel?• Grey?• Information not given.
A BRIEF HISTORY OF IQ TESTS
1904- Alfred Binet
Hired by school district to identify “slow learners”
Used age graded tasks to identify a child’s mental age
1911 Lewis Terman
Revised Binet’s test
IQ=Mental Age/Chronological Age X 100
See any probs with this model?Argued that intelligence was fixed, inherited, and measurable. “Eugenics Movement”, Immigration, Government Jobs
So…. I heard you took an IQ test? Wanna see how ya did?
Score your test.
How did if feel to take an IQ test?
Do you think your intelligence has been accurately measured by this test? Why or why not?
What test items seemed most valid as measures of intelligence, and what items seemed least valid?
Are there any ways in which this test might be improved?
What information would this test give to schools, employers, or leaders of government? How should one interpret the results of this test?
Test Construction
Standardization, Validity, & Reliability
68% of people score within 15 points above or below 100
About 96% of all people fall within 30 points of 100
What is Intelligence?
Mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience.
Factor Analysis Approach (Charles Spearman)
Describes the structure of intelligence by analyzing test scores.
g-factor- general mental ability
L. L. Thurstone rejected g-factor. Didn’t rank his subjects on a single scale of general aptitude. Argued that factor analysis revealed totally independent mental abilities. (math, verbal, perceptual)
Yo, g, what up?
Psychometric Approach
Extremes of Intelligence: Savant Syndrome
Low IQ score, but has an island of intelligence. 4 in 5 people with savant syndrome are males, and may also have autism, a developmental disorder
Categories of abilities:
Calendar Calculating, Musical Ability, Lightening Calculating Ability, Memory, Mechanical Achievement, Artistic Ability
Multiple Intelligences (Howard Gardner)
States that people have specific intellectual potentials, or “intelligences,” each involving a set of problem-solving skills.
I love words
Numbers are my friends
Dance is my life
Yeah, that’s rightI’m Jazzy.
I could Put “Makeover: Home Edition”
to shame.
Hmm… looks likeAnother case of
Oedipus Complex
I did my bestTo understand
And serve the world.
Question #2
• Ready for another intelligence test?• NO? Oh well…play along.• Take 1000 and add 40 to it.• Now add another 1000.• Now add 30.• Add another 1000.• Now add 20.• Now add another 1000.• Now add 10.
RAISE YOUR HAND IF YOU GOT 5000!!!!!!
SORRY, BUT THAT IS THE WRONG ANSWER!
ANYONE HAVE A DIFFERENT ANSWER?
4100Don’t believe me? Take out your calculators.
STERNBERG’S TRIARCHICAL THEORY OF INTELLIGENCE: There is more to success than traditional intelligence. Argues there are 3, not 8 kinds.
ANALYTIC CREATIVE
PRACTICAL
”Apply…”“Use…”“Utilize…”
"Create…”“Invent…”“Design…”
"Analyze…”“Compare…”
“Evaluate…”
Persistence
Self Confidence
Motivation
Interpersonal skills
Set priorities
Intuition
Creativity: Ability to produce new and effective solutions to challenges
Divergent Thinking
Creativity Requires Expertise
More Learned Than Inherited
IQ and Creativity are Only Mildly Correlated
Emotional Intelligence1990 - "emotional intelligence,“ Mayer & SalavoyWhat is it?Reading People (perceive emotions)access and generate emotions so as to assist thought to understand emotions and emotional knowledgeManage and regulate emotions to promote emotional and intellectual growth.
Problems?“Self Reports”Lacks empirical evidenceSome claim EI is a form of personality.
INSTRUCTIONS: Please select a response for each item.1. What mood(s) might be helpful to feel when creating new, exciting decorations for a birthday party?
Not Useful Useful
a. annoyance 1 2 3 4 5
b. boredom 1 2 3 4 5
c. joy 1 2 3 4 5
Criticicms?
Vocabulary Shout Out• 1. General problem-
solving techniques that are TYPICALLY accurate.
• Answer: Heuristics
• 2. Best example of a concept
• Answer: Prototype• 3. A systematic
guarantee to problem solving
• Answer: Algorithm
• 4. The function assigned to an object might remain fixed or stable.
• Answer: Functional Fixedness
• 5. Strategy used when people decide whether the sample they are judging matches the appropriate prototype
• Answer: Representative Heuristic
Vocabulary Shout Out
• 1. Using the same solution you’ve used in previous problems
• Mental Set
• 2. The way an issue is posed can affect decisions.
• Framing
• 3. People make an initial estimate and then make adjustments to that number based on additional information.
• Anchoring • 4. Established standards
of performance• Norms• 5. A statistical procedure
that identifies clusters of related items on a test.
• Factor Analysis
Intelligence • Created the first test• Binet/Terman revised• Defining meaningful scores
by comparison with the performance of a retested group.
• Standardization• The symmetrical bell-
shaped curve that describes distributions.
• Normal Distribution• The extent to which a test
samples the behavior that is of interest
• Content Validity
• Most popular Intelligence Test
• Weschler• A condition in which a
person otherwise limited in mental ability has an amazing specific skill
• Savant Syndrome• Theory that proposes 7
different intelligence• Gardner’s MI• Ability to perceive
emotion accurately, to understand it, and to express it.