how to become an effective speaker and writer

7/24/2019 How to Become an Effective Speaker and Writer

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In the Name of llah

n the Name of llah

The Beneficenthe Beneficent

The Mercifulhe Merciful


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How to BecomeHow to Become

an Effectivean EffectiveSpeaker andSpeaker and

WriterWriter

Group 10: Fatemeh AzmandianGroup 10: Fatemeh Azmandian

Narges SeifNarges Seif

Maryam DoostaniMaryam Doostani


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OutlineOutline Three basic rules for becoming

an effective speaker/writer

Attributes of an effective

speaker/writer IntegrityKnowledge

SkillSelf-ConfidenceEloquence


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OutlineOutline (continued)(continued) Factors affecting platform behavior

Preparation PoiseMental Attitude

Experience Physical ControlVerbal Delivery

General tips for effective speaking

General tips for effective writing


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Three Basic Rules forThree Basic Rules forBecoming an EffectiveBecoming an EffectiveSpeaker/WriterSpeaker/Writer

Always have something important

to say/write about. Care about what you are

talking/writing about.

Keep it simple, but effective.


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Attributes of an EffectiveSpeaker and Writer

Integrity The speaker/writer should be

honest and sincere.

Knowledge

The speaker/writer must havesufficient knowledge of the subjectthey will be presenting.


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Attributes of an EffectiveSpeaker and Writer (continued)(continued)

Skill

Skill is a developed talent or ability.

Skill is obtained through practice,practice, and more practice.

The more experience you havespeaking and writing, the moreskillful a speaker and writer you will

become.


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Attributes of an EffectiveSpeaker and Writer (continued)(continued)

Self-Confidence

A good speaker/writer should have a

firm beliefin their own abilities andtraits.

Eloquence

A good speaker/writer should have

powerful and effective language.


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Factors Affecting PlatformBehavior

Platform behavior is our physicalbehavior while on stage or speakingbefore a group.

Preparation Being prepared is the best thing

that you can do to easenervousness.

Poise Try to have composure.


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Factors Affecting PlatformBehavior (continued)(continued)

Mental Attitude

The way you feel can affect

how you do.

Experience The more you speak, the more

confident you will become.


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Physical Control Sixty-five percent of a

communicated message isnonverbal.

Focus on: Eye Contact

Body Actions

Gestures


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Verbal Delivery

Focus on:

Tone Pitch

Rate

Force

Articulation


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Physical ControlPhysical Control

Eye contact Make sure to look at everyone while

you are speaking.

Eye contact helps the audience tolisten more effectively.

It makes each member of theaudience feel special.

It helps you to read your listeners

nonverbal messages to you.


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Physical ControlPhysical Control(continued)(continued)

Body Actions They help to work off nervous

energy. They help to emphasize a point.

Have natural movement.

You can monitor the effectivenessof your message by watching the

body language of your audience.


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Physical ControlPhysical Control(continued)(continued)

Gestures

Facial expressions and hand gestures

add life to a presentation. Gestures let your audience know the

importance of the topic and how you

feel about it.

Try not to overdo the same gestures,

as this can be distracting.


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Verbal DeliveryVerbal Delivery

Tone

Tone is the quality and manner of

expression. It should be upbeat and friendly

and yet concerned.

Use a tone that exudes authority.

Vary the tone of your voice.


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Verbal DeliveryVerbal Delivery(continued)(continued)

Pitch

Pitch is the variety of high and low

sounds in your voice. Try to vary your pitch, depending

on what point you are trying tomake.

Try not to raise the pitch at the end

of sentences.


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Rate

Rate is the speed of what you say.

Try to talk about 100 words perminute.

Pause during main ideas to createtime for your listeners to processthe information and to organize

your thoughts.


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Force Force is the loudness or

softness of the words that yousay.

Speak to be heard, but not too

loudly. Adjust the level of your voice in

case of barriers (noises) and to

emphasize key concepts.


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Articulation

Articulation is the act of vocal

expression, utterance orenunciation.

Speak clearly and distinctively.

Pronounce words correctly.


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General Tips for EffectiveGeneral Tips for EffectiveSpeakingSpeaking

Organize and outline your

presentation.Be completely prepared.

Know your topic well.

Dont worry about being perfect.


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General Tips for EffectiveGeneral Tips for EffectiveSpeakingSpeaking (continued)(continued)

Practice makes perfect.

Check in early to get acquaintedwith the logistics of the room.

Repeat positive affirmations.

Visualize success.


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Feel the floor.

Relax and loosen up.Breathe deeply.

Do not begin until you feelconfident.


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Create a warm and friendly

environment by building rapportwith the audience.

Remember that the audience

wants you to succeed.

Turn nervousness into positive

energy.


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Always stand with your bodyfacing the audience.

Act naturally and be yourself.Use excellent posture.

Focus on your message.


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Get to your main points rightaway.

Be enthusiastic and speak withconviction.

Use pauses and silences topunctuate your material and

draw in your audience.


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Vary your intensity and energylevel.

Use visual aids to liven yourpresentation.

End with a clear message.End on a positive note.


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Anticipate questions andprepare answers.

Have fun and enjoy theexperience!


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The Three EThe Three Ess In order to become an

effective speaker, alwaysremember the three Es:

Energize

Entertain

Educate


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General Tips for EffectiveGeneral Tips for EffectiveWritingWriting

Practice writing a variety of forms.Spend a lot of time reading.

Take time out to rest and becomerefreshed.


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General Tips for EffectiveGeneral Tips for EffectiveWritingWriting (continued)(continued)

Carefully research andstudy your subject

matter.Collect your material and

devise a good outline.Select a title that grabs

your reader's attention.


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Ensure that your paper readsquickly and easily.

Examine your sentences andparagraphs carefully to ensure

that the words flow smoothly.


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Ensure that your sentences arewell structured and that yourgrammar is correct.

Aim for clarity and simplicity in

your writing.


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Always try to make yourmeaning clear.

Do not use double negatives.Do not use abbreviations.

Do not use slang andinformal language.


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Progress logically, naturally andsmoothly from one main point toanother, so that they lead to a

conclusion.Have a strong summary to sum

up all the main points.


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After completion, re-read yourpaper a number of times.

Polish it up by changing wordsand expressions to help

simplify and clarify yourwriting.


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SummarySummary

In this presentation we havepointed out three basic rules thatmake an effective presenter. We

have also described the attributesof an effective presenter and factorsthat affect platform behavior.Finally, we have discussed a fewgeneral tips for effective speaking

and effective writing.


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ReferencesReferences Abrams, Rhonda. Powerful Presentations

(www.inc.com/articles/2001/05/22582.html)

Burton, Barbara. Becoming A Training Professional In YourOrganization(www.factiva.com/infopro/resources/SLATrainProf5-99.ppt)

Fripp, Patricia. Captivate Audiences with Powerful

Presentations (www.inc.com/articles/2000/08/19996.html) Fripp, Patricia. Deliver a Stellar Speech(www.inc.com/articles/2000/11/21094.html)

Kundell, Linda. How To Be a Confident Speaker: Ten Tips(www.atme.org/pubs/archives/77_255_1121.CFM)

Lock, Craig. How To Write a Good Article(www.ezinehub.com/articles/75.html)

Monaghan, Karen. Rules for Writing Good Journal Articles(smg.bps.org.uk/psychtalk/feb03/rules.htm)


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ReferencesReferences (continued)(continued) Peacock, Terry. Ten Tips To Becoming A Confident

Presenter

(www.onlinewbc.gov/docs/market/ConfidentPresenter.html) Platt, Jay. Speaking Tips

(www.vhl.org/newsletter/vhl2001/01anspkr.htm) Redmond, Jennifer A. No More Pre-Speech Jitters

(www.inc.com/articles/2001/07/23133.html) Schlumpf, Lynne. How to Become a Polished Public Speaker

in Just One Day (www.theallineed.com/ad-self-help-4/self-help-018.htm)

Good Writing (www.tdl.com/~schafer/goodwrite.htm)

summarized from Writing: Research, Theory, andApplications by Stephen D. Krashen, published by PergamonInstitute of English, New York. 1984

Speaking Essentials(cls.coe.utk.edu/pdf/ls/Week4_Lesson24.pdf)


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Questions?Questions?


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The EndThe End

how to become an effective speaker and writer

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