how to do work in sultanate of oman as a registered pharmacist

HOW TO DO WORK IN SULTANATE OF OMAN AS A REGISTERED PHARMACIST.

PHARM-D/ B-PHARMACY DEGREE PLUS THREE YEARS OF EXPERIENCE AS APHARMACIST.

FIRST OF ALL ATTEST DEGREE, PHARMACY COUNCIL REGISTRATION CERTIFICATE, AND

EXPERIENCE CERTIFICATES FROM OMAN EMBASSY .NOTE (EXPERIENCE CERTICATE SHOULD BE

ATTESTED FROM EXPERIENCE COUNTRY FROM WHERE YOU GET EXPERIENCE LIKE FROM

PAKISTAN/DUBAI/KSA …..).

SECOND STEP PROCESSED ALL DOCUMENTS THROUGH OMSB DATAFLOW www.dfomsb.com

Total fees 115 OMR. IT WILL TAKE TWO TO THREE MONTHS.

START PREPRATION FOR A PART 1 EXAM (PROMETRIC OMSB AS PHARMACY SPECIALIST) .WHEN

YOU GOT DATAFLOW REPORT THEN GIVE PROMETRIC EXAM BECAUSE PASSING RESULT

VALIDITY IS SIX MONTHS ONLY.

WHEN YOU QUALIFIY PROMETRIC EXAM & DATAFLOW REPORT IS IN YOUR HAND YOU APPLY

ONLINE THROUGH JOBS INDEED ,DUBIZZEL,SHUGLANTY.COM ALOOT OF JOBS THERE YOU WILL

GET EASILY SPONSER FOR PART TWO VIVA EXAM.REQUIREMENT FOR PARRT TWO VIVA EXAM

AS FOLLOW

IF YOU WANT TO APPLY BY SELF THEN AFTER PASSING PROMETRIC EXAM & GETTING

DATAFLOW REPORT YOU COME TO OMAN ON VISIT VISA ,FULFILL ALL THE REQUIREMENT

MENTION IN ABOVE NOTIFICATION .

http://www.dfomsb.com/

AT TIME OF SUBMITION OF ALL REQUIRED DOCUMENTS FOR VIVA EXAM YOU FILL ONE LETTER

FOR 100 HRS TRAINING YOU MENTION A PHARMACY WHERE YOU WANT TO TAKE TRAINING

MINISTRY WILL EMAIL YOU PERMITION LETTER AND YOU GO THAT PHARMACY AND START

TRAINING AFTER COMPLETION OF TRAINING YOUR TRAINING SUPERVISOR WILL GIVE YOU

TRAINING COMPLETION CERTICATE WHICH YOU WILL SUBMIT IN MINISTRY WITH 30 OMR PART

TWO (VIVA EXAM) FEES.

THREE CHANCES FOR VIVA EXAM EACH MONTH ONE CHANCE AND FOR EACH CHANCE

TRAINING AND VIVA EXAM FEES IS COMPULSORY.

AFTER PASSING VIVA EXAM MINISTRY WILL EMAIL YOU PASSING LETTER AND YOU FINALISED

JOB ON THAT LETTER.

STUDY MATERIALS FOR OMSB PHARMACIST EXAM.

PART I. LIPONCORD PHARMACOLOGY CLASSIFICATION PLUS FILE WHICH I AM

ATTACHING BY NAME OF OMAN PROMETRIC EXAM NOTES (ALL IN ONE MCQS) IS ENOUGH

FOR PASSING EXAM WITH GOOD PERCENTAGE .PASSING PERCENTAGE IS 55 % .

(39 OUT OF 70).

PART II. VIVA EXAM ARE TAKEN BY MINISTRY PERSONS LIKE INTERVIEW FOUR TO SIX

PERSONS PRSESNT THERE DIVIDED IN THREE PARTS.

INTRODUCTION. MEANS NAME,NATIONALITY,EXPERIENCE E.T.C

CONTROLLED DRUGS OF OMAN.

PSHYCOTROPIC CONTROLLED DRUGS (YELLOW PRESCRIPTION USED IN PVT SECTOR

GREEN PRESCIPTION USED IN GOVT SECTOR) VALIDITY OF PRESCRIPTION IS SEVEN

DAYS.

NON PSHYCOTROPIC CONTROLLED DRUGS (WHITE PRESCRIPTION USED IN BOTH

PVT & GOVT SECTORS) VALIDITY OF PRESCRIPTION IS TEN DAYS.

NARCOTIC CONTROLLED DRUGS (PINK PRESCRIPTION USED IN BOTH GOVT & PVT

SECTORS) COLOUR OF PRESCRIPTION USED FOR EACH CONTROLLED DRUGS.VALIDITY

OF PRESCRIPTION IS THREE DAYS.

LIST OF DRUGS AS FOLLOW.

ON SPOT PRESCRIPTION READING.

YOU MUST KNOW MAXIMUM BRANDS OF OMAN BECAUSE MOSTLY MEDICINE IN

PRESCRIPTION COMES FROM THAT. LIST OF OMAN MEDICINE BRAND U CAN GET EASILY

FROM YOUR TRAINING PLACE WHICH YOU WILL DO BEFORE VIVA EXAM.YOU CAN ALSO

READ OMNF (OMAN NATIONAL FORMULAORY) & MUST KNOW PATIENT COUNCLING

POINTS FOR USING OF INSULIN,INHALER,EYEDROP,EYEYDROP,EAR DROP,OINTMENT

CREAM,SYRUPS ANTIBIOTICS ETC.

FIRST YOU READ ALL PRESCRIPTION

LIKE NAME OF PATIENT, AGE, THEN START MEDICINE NAME LIKE (VENTOLIN INHALLER 2

PUFF THREE TIMES A DAY FOR 15 DAYS). THEN EXAMINER ASKED MAIN SIDE EFFECTS OF

ALL MEDICINES, INTERECTIONS, CLASS OF DRUGS, COUNSLING POINTS, STORAGE ETC..

VIVA WILL BE 15 MINUTES TO 20 MINUTES.THEN EXAMINERS TELL YOU WAIT OUT SIDE

AND AFTER FINISHING ALL CANDIDATES RESULT WILL BE DISPLAYED.SOME SAMPLES

ARE AS FOLLOWS…..

ANSWERS OF ALL PRESCRIPTIONS…

A.

1. Anusol cream: (Hydrocortisone cream).

Anti-Haemorrhoidal preparations with corticosteroids.

2. Daktarin cream: (Miconazole nitrate)

(Use- Fungal skin infection)

3. PonstanCap 500mg:(Mefenamic acid, Anthranilic acid derivative, NSAIDS)

(Nonselective COX inhibitors)

(pain and inflammation in rheumatic arthritis & osteoarthritis)

(mild to moderate pain)

(S.E- Diarrhoea and rash, haemolyticanaemia)

4. Radian massage cream: (Menthol + Camphor + methyl Salicylate + Oleoresin capsicum)

5. Adol: (Paracetamol, Acetaminophen, Paraminophenol derivatives)

(Analgesic-antipyretics with poor anti-inflammatory action, NSAIDS)

(Adult Dose- 0.5-1 g every 4-6 hrs to a max 4 g).

(Chil Dose- 2-3 months 60mg

3-6 months 60mg (60x4=240mg)

6months-2years 120mg (120x4=480)

2-4 years 180mg(180x4=720mg)

4-6 years 240mg (240x4=960mg)

6-8 years 240-250mg (250x4=1000mg)

8-10 years 360-375 mg (360x4= 1440mg)

10-12 years 480-500mg (480x4=1920mg)

12-16 years 480-750mg (750x4= 3000mg)

These doses may be repeated every 4-6 hrs when necessary (Max of 4 doses in 24 hrs)

1. To which pharmacological group ponstan belong to?

Ans:Mefenamic acid, Anthranilic acid derivative, Nonselective COX inhibitor.

2. What counseling point can be given to this patient for iten no 1 & 3?

Ans:

For 1: Apply night and morning and after a bowel movement; don’t use for longer than 7 days.

For 3: Stop treatment if diarrhea or rash develops; use for short course therapy not exceeding 7

days.

3. What is the maximum daily dose for Adol? What toxicity do you expect from overdose of this

and is there any antidote for it, if yes, specify?

Ans:

Max daily dose is 4gm. Overdose of Adol cause hepatotoxicity. Antidote for overdose of Adol is

Acetylcysteine.

B.

1. Zestril: (lisinopril, ACE Inhibotors)

(Use- Hypertension, Heart failure, MI)

(S.E- Dry cough, Hypotension, Renal impairment)

2. Diltiazem 60mg : (ca++ channel blockers)

(Use-Hypertension & Angina)

3. Sorbitrate 10mg: (Isosorbide dinitrate, Nitrates)

(Use-Angina)

(Throbing headach, Flushing, Dizziness, P.H, bradycardia)

4. Aspirin 150mg: (Acetylsalicylic acid, Nonselective COX inhibitors, NSAIDS)

(Use-Mild to moderate pain, Antiplatelet).

(Adult Max dose- 4g daily, Child under 16 not recommended Reye’s syndrome)

(S.E- GI irritation, Increased bleeding time)

(Site of Absorption- Stomach & Small intestine)

5. Esidrex: (Hydrochlorthiazide, Thiazide diuretics)

(Use-Hypertension, Oedema associated with heart failure)

(S.E- Electrolyte disturbances, hepatic cirrhosis, volume depletion, lethargy, muscle pain

& cramps and hypersensitivity).

6. Cardarone 200mg: (Amiodarone, K channel blocker)

(Use-Class III Antiarrythmic)

7. Angesid 0.5 mg: (Glyceryl trinitrate, Nitrates)

(Use-Angina, Pulmonary edema)

(S.E- Local burning sensation in tongue or mouth, headach, dizziness, syncope,

hypotension)

8. Duspatalin: (mebeverine HCL, Direct relaxant of intestinal smooth muscle)

(Use- GI disorder characterized by smooth muscle spasm)

(S.E- Allergic reaction, rash, urticaria, angiodema)

1. To which pharmacological group item no 1 & 2 belong to?

Ans: Iten no 1 belong to ACE inhibitor Item no 2 belong to Ca++ channel blocker. 2. What are expected side effects of Esidrex?

Ans: Electrolyte disturbances, hepatic cirrhosis, volume depletion, lethargy, muscle pain

& cramps and hypersensitivity.

3. What are the therapeutic uses of Duspatalin?

Ans: GI disorder characterized by smooth muscle spasm.

4. What is the site of absorption of Aspirin?

Ans: Stomach & small intestine.

5. What is the no of tablets of Zestril to be dispensed to this patient?

Ans: 30 tab.

6. What is the problem of patient?

Ans: Patient is Unstable angina with hypertension & arrhythmia.

C.

1. Rifampicin cap 450mg:

2. Isoniazide 300mg:

3. Ethambutol:

4. Pyrazinamide 750mg:

5. Pyridoxine 40mg:

1. What do you think is the diagnosis for this patient?(Ans- Tuberculosis)

2. What is the rationale behind adding pyridoxine in this prescription?

(Ans- Bcz INH cause Vit-B6 deficiency)

Peripheral neuritis and variety of neurological manifestation are the most important dose-

dependent toxic effects. These are due to interference with utilization of pyridoxine and its

increased excretion in urine. Pyridoxine prevents neurotoxicity.

Isoniazid reacts with pyridoxal to form a Hydrazone, and thus inhibits generation of pyridoxal

phosphate. Due to the formation of Hydrazones, the renal excretion of pyridoxine compound is

increased

3. What are the counseling needs to be given to this patient while dispensing the medication?

(Ans-Medicine must be taken on empty stomach and if taken with food then avoid fats in food).

Need to be told of the importance of taking their tablets regularly and importance of

completing treatment because of the risk of relapse or drug resistance developing.

4. For how long these prescriptions need to be dispensed?

(Ans- 6 month initial phase treatment-4 month then continuous phase treatment-2 month).

INH and pyrazinamide acts by inhibiting the synthesis of mycolic acids, which is unique fatty acid

component of mycobacterial cell wall.

Rifampicin inhibits DNA dependent RNA synthesis.

Ethambutol acts by inhibiting arabinosyl transferases.

D.

1. Capoten 12.5mg: (Captopril, ACE inhibitors)

(Use- Hypertension, CHF, MI)

(Hypotension, renal impairment, persistent cough, angiodema, rash,

tachycardia)

2. Sorbitrate 10mg: (Isosorbide dinitrate, Nitrates)

(Use-Angina)

(Throbing headach, Flushing, Dizziness, P.H, bradycardia)

3. Lasix 40mg: (Furosemide, Loop diuretics)

(use- Oedema, Oliguria due to renal failure)

(S.E- Ototoxicity, Hyperuricemia, Hypotension, Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia).

4. Eltroxin 50mcg: (Levothyroxin Na)

(Use in Hypothyroidism)

(S.E- Diarrhoea, vomiting, palpitation, tachycardia, tremor)



(Max dose- 4g daily)



1. What are the major side effects of Lasix? And how they can be managed?

Ans-

Hypotension, Hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, Ototoxicity, Hyperuricemia).

Hypokalemia can be averted by use of potassium-sparing diuretics or dietary supplementation

with K+.

Hypomagnesaemia can be corrected by oral supplementations.

2. What do you think are problems with which this patient approached the doctor?

Ans: Unsatable Angina with hypertension and hypothyroidism.

3. What is the physiological role of Thyroxine? What are the symptoms of hypothyroidism?

Ans- a. Essential for normal growth & Development.

b. Have marked effect on lipid, carbohydrate and protein metabolism.

c. Increase BMR by stimulation of cellular metabolism.

d. Propulsive activity of gut is increased.

Symptoms of Hypothyroidism.

Cretinism, Myxoedema, mental retardation, Constipation, Anaemia, Infertility.

4. What are the food drug interaction for thyroxine?

Ans: ( It should be administered in empty stomach to avoid interference by food).

5. What are the side effects of ACE inhibitors ( Captopril).

Ans- (Hypotension, renal impairment, persistent cough, angiodema, rash,Tachycardia).

Persistent dry cough (due to increase synthesis of bradykinin in lungs) occurs in patient within 1-

8 weeks often requires discontinuous of the drug-subsides 4-6 days thereafter so no need to

treat with Actifed syrup.

Persistent dry cough occurs in patient within 1-8 weeks often requires discontinuous of the

drug-subsides 4-6 days thereafter.(No need to give Actifed syrup).


Ans: Patient is having Angina with hypertension with hypothyroidism.

Lasix (Furosemide) acts by inhibiting Na+-K+-2Cl- cotransport at thick AscLH.

E.

1. Adalat Retard 20mg: (Nifedipine, Ca++ channel blocker)

(Use- Hypertension & Angina)

(S.E- Palpitation, Flushing, Ankle edema, Hypotension, headache,

Drowsiness & nausea)

2. Tenormin 50mg: (Atenolol, Beta-1 adrenoceptor blocker, Cardioselective)

(Use- Hypertension, Angina, Arrythmias, Migraine)

( S.E- GI disturbances, Bradycardia, heart failure, hypotension).

3. Neomercazol 10mg: (Carbimazole, Antithyroid, Inhibit hormone synthesis)

(Use- Control thyrotoxicosis in both Graves disease and nodular goiter).

4. Actifed Syrup: (Pseudoephedrine, triprolidine)

(Use- Expectorant & Demulcent cough preparation)

(Pseudoephedrine- Adrnergic drugs, Nasal decongestants)

(Triprolidine- Antihistamine)

5. Adol: (Paracetamol)

1. What is the therapeutic use of neomercazole?

Ans:

Used as antithyroid to control thyrotoxicosis in both graves’ disease and nodular goiter.

2. What are the major side effects of calcium channel blocker?

ANs:

Palpitation, Flushing, Ankle edema, Hypotension, headache, Drowsiness & nausea.

3. What are the contraindications for tenormin?

Ans:

Asthama, uncontrolled heart failure, prinzmetal’s angina, marked bradycardia, hypotension.

4. What is the problem to patient?

Ans: Patient is having Hypertension with Hyperthyroidism.

5. What is the use of Adol in this prescription?

Ans: Act as antipyretic due to hyperthyroidism.

6. Why we are using Actifed syrup?

Ans:

COLD &FLU

F.

1. Digoxin: (Cardiac glycoside, Positive inotropic drugs)

(Use- heart failure, Atrial flutter & Atrial fibrillation).

2. Angesid 0.5 mg: (Glyceryltrinitrate, Nitrates)



hypotension)

3. Lasix 60mg: (Furosemide, loop diuretics)

(Use- Oedema, Oliguria due to renal failure)

(S.E- Hyperuricaemia, Hypotension, Hypokalaemia, Hypomagnesemia,

Hyperglycaemia, ototoxicity)

4. Capoten 6.25mg: (Captopril, ACE inhibitors)

(Use- Hypertension, CHF, MI)

(S.E- Hypotension, renal impairment, persistent cough, angiodema, rash,

tachycardia)

5. Isordil 10mg: (Isosorbidedinitrate)

(Use- Angina, Left ventricular failure)

(S.E- Throbingheadach, Flushing, Dizziness, Bradycardia, Tolerance, P.H)






7. Slow-K+

1. What is the natural source for Digoxin:

Ans: Digitalis (foxglove) plant.

2. What is the rationale behind slow K in this patient?

Ans: Lasix (Furosemide) causes potassium depletion (hypokalemia) can cause Digoxin toxicity.

SO K+ depletion can be averted by use of potassium-sparing diuretics or dietary

supplementation with K+.

3. What is the principle behind prescribing both Angesid and Isordil belonging to the same group in

this patient?

Ans: Angesid is for emergency treatment SOS and pocket drug. Whereas Isordil is sustained

release drug required throughout the treatment.

Angesid is short acting whereas Isordil is long acting nitrates.

4. MOA of nitrates

Ans: Nitrates inhibit coronary vasoconstriction. Nitrates release NO which causes vascular

smooth muscle relaxation.

5. What is the problem with patient?

Ans: Patient is having congestiveheart failure, Angina with pulmonary oedema.

6. Why we are using Aspirin?

Ans: To act as Antiplatelet.

7. Why only Capoten(Captopril) is being used, why not other antihypertensive drugs?

Ans:Bcz this is the case of Congestive cardiac failure, use of beta blocker as antihypertensive

drug may precipitate the condition of CHF that’s why the use of ACE inhibitors is preferred.

G.

1. Fefol : (ferrous sulfate + folic acid)

(Use-Iron deficiency anemia)

(S.E- cause discolor stools)

2. M.v: (multivitamin)

3. Moxal : [ Al(OH)3 + Mg(OH)2+ Simethicone ]

(Antacid &Antiflatulent)

[Al (OH)3- It prevents diarrhea caused by MgOH]

[Mg (OH)2- It prevents constipation caused by Al(OH)3]

[Simethicone acts as antiflatulent caused by both above]

4. Buscopan: (Hyoscine Butyl Bromide, Antimuscarinics, Antispasmodic).

(Use- Symptomatic relief of gastro-intestinal or genitor-urinary disorders

Characterized by smooth muscle spasm)

(S.E- Constipation, transient bradycardia, reduced bronchial secretion, urinary

urgency& retention)

5. Ventolin Inhaler 180mcg(2 puffs): (Salbutamol, Selective β2 agonist)

(Adrenceptor agonist, sympathomimetic)

(Use- Asthma, COPD)

(S.E- Fine tremor in hands, nervous tension, headache, muscle

cramps& palpitation, tachycardia)

1. What are counseling needs to be given to this patient while dispensing the medications?

Ans:

Take ferrous sulfate after food to reduce GI side effects, they may discolour stools.

Take moxal after 1 hour of meal.

Take Buscopan before food.

2. To which pharmacological group Buscopan belong to? And what are its side effects?

Ans:

Hyoscine Butyl Bromide, Antispasmodic &Antimuscarinic.

S.E- Constipation, transient bradycardia, reduced bronchial secretion, urinary

urgency& retention

3. What is the content of item no 3 and what is the rationale of this combination?

Ans:

[ Al(OH)3 + Mg(OH)2+ Simethicone ]

(Antacid &Antiflatulent)




H.

1. Zantac 150mg: (Ranitidine, H2 receptor antagonist)

(Use- Gastric & Duodenal ulceration, GERD)

(S.E- Diarrhea, headache, dizziness, Rash)

2. Olfen 100mg: (Diclofenac Na, Aryl acetic acid derivative, NSAIDS)

(Nonselective COX inhibitors)

(Use- Antiinflammatory, analgesic, Antipyretics)

3. Glucophage 500mg: (Metformin HCl, Biguanides)

(Type II DM)

(S.E- Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, taste

disturbances)

4. Daonil 10mg: (Glibenclamide, sulfonylurea)

(Use- Type II DM)

(S.E- Hypoglycaemia, GI disturbances, Nausea, vomiting, Diarrhoea, constipation

& Hypersensitivity)

5. Lipostat 20mg: (Pravastatin, HMG CoA Reductase inhibitors)

(Use- primary hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia to prevents

cardiovascular complication with MI & Angina.)

(S.E- Myalgia, Myopathy, Myositis, Rhabdomyolysis)

6. Zestril 10mg: (Lisinopril, ACE inhibitor)

(Use- Hypertension, heart failure, MI)

(S.E- Hypotension, Renal impairment, Persistent dry cough)

7. Chloramphenicol eye drops: (Chloramphenicol, Antibacterial)

(Use- Superficial eye infection)

(S.E- Transient stinging)

1. What are the basic counseling points to be given to a diabetic patient?

Ans: Avoid diet containing Carbohydrate and sugar. DO exercise regularly.

2. What is the therapeutic use of Lipostat and what is the best time to take this medication and why?

Ans: Used in primary hypercholesterolemia or hyperlipidemia to prevents cardiovascular complication

with MI & Angina.

Best time to take lipostat is in night bcz body produces most cholesterol at night.

3. What is the storage condition of chloramphenicol eye drops and what counseling need to be given

while dispensing an eye drops?

Ans: Chloramphenicol eye drops is broad spectrum antibiotic soln that is used for the treatment of eye

infection called bacterial conjunctivitis.

Storage: Keep the unopened eye drops in a refrigerator(2-8 c) where children cant reach them. Don’t

freeze the eye drops or expose them to strong light.

Counseling: Discard bottle one month after opening.

If you have any irritation, pain, swelling, excessive tear production or light sensitivity occur while using

the eye drops, flush the treated eye with lots of water for 15 mints.


Ans: Patient is Hypertensive diabetic with hypercholesterolemia.

5. Why we are using Zantac?

Ans: TO reduce acidity cause by hypertension.

Sufonylureas (Daonil) acts on sulfonylureas receptor on the pancreatic β cell membrane- cause

depolarization by reducing conductance of ATP sensitive K+ channel cause ca++ influx cause

degranulation cause insulin release.

Metformin (Glucophage) acts by suppressing hepatic gluconeogenesis, enhance insulin

mediated glucose disposal in muscle and fat and retard intestinal glucose absorption.

I.

1. Actrapid : (Short acting insulin SC)

(Type I DM)

(S.E- Hypoglycemia, weight gain, lipodystrophy, allergic reactions and local injection

site reactions.)

2. Adalat R 20mg: (Nifedipine, Ca++ channel blocker)

(Use- Hypertension, Angina)

(S.E- Palpitation, flushing, ankle edema, hypertension, headache, drowsiness &

Nausea)

3. Lasix 125mg: (Furosemide, loop diuretics)

(Use- Oedema, Oliguria due to renal failure)

(S.E- Hyperuricaemia, Hypotension, Hypokalaemia, Hypomagnesemia,

Hyperglycaemia, ototoxicity)

4. One alpha 1mcg: (Alphacalcidol, Vit D).

(Use- Curing Rickets)

5. Calcium Carbonate: (Antacid)

6. Fefol cap: (Ferrous sulfate)

(Use- Iron deficiency anaemia)

7. Rantac 150mg: (Ranitidine, H2 Receptor Antagonist)

(Use- gastric & duodenal ulceration)

(S.E- Diarrhea, headache, dizziness, Rash).

1. What are the counseling needs to be given to this patient while dispensing the

medications? What are the warning signs for hypoglycemia and how it can be managed?

Ans:

Patient should adviced to avoid overdose of insulin, missed meal or an unusual physical

activity.

Warning Sign for hypoglycemia are Fatigue, dizziness, cold, sweat, headache, hunger,

weakness, nervousness, mental lapse and if not treated lead to coma and convulsion.

To restore the warning signs, episodes of hypoglycemia must be minimized; this involves

appropriate adjustment of insulin type, dose and frequency together with suitable timing

and quantity of meals and snacks.

Treatment involves use of glucose or glucagon.

2. What advice needs to be given to this patient while dispensing Actrapid?

Ans:

Actrapid injection should be taken 15 minutes prior to a meal or immediately following a

meal.

3. What do R stand for in Adalat R and what is the advantage of it from Adalat?

Ans:

R stands for Retard. Adalat Retard is prolonged release tablet.

4. What is the best time to take Lasix?

Ans:

Best time is to take in morning or before afternoon bcz if it is taken latter then you will find

you need to go to the toilet a couple of times within a few hours of taking it and this will

disturb your sleep.

5. Why we are using CaCo3 and Rantac?

Ans: To reduce hypertension induced hyperacidity.


Ans: Patient is Diabetic hypertensive with pulmonary oedema.

J.

1. Minidiab 2.5mg: (Glipizide, Sulphonylureas)

(Use- Type II DM)

(S.E- Weight gain, Hyperinsulinemia & Hypoglycemia)

2. Tenormin 50mg: (Atenolol, Beta-1 adrenoceptor blocker, Cardioselective)

(Use- Hypertension, Angina, Arrythmias, Migraine)

(S.E- GI disturbances, Bradycardia, heart failure, hypotension).






4. Angesid 0.5 mg: (Glyceryl trinitrate, Nitrates)



hypotension)

5. Isordil 10mg: (Isosorbide dinitrate)

(Use- Angina, Left ventricular failure)

(S.E- Throbing headach, Flushing, Dizziness, Bradycardia, Tolerance, P.H)

6. Moxal : [ Al(OH)3 + Mg(OH)2+ Simethicone ]

(Antacid & Antiflatulent)




7. Glycerol ear drops:

8. Dulcolax SOS : (Sodium Picosulfate, Diphenylmethanes, Stimulant Laxative)

(Brand Dulcolax is also used for Bisacodyl Tab. Other drug is Cremalax)

(Use- Constipation, Bowel evacuation, Endoscopy & Surgery)

1. Why Chloramphenicol eye drops need to be stored in the refrigerator while ear drops can be

stored at room temperature.

Ans: This is because, the eyes are more vulnerable to infection than the ears, and hence the eye drops

must be stored carefully in the fridge so that the growth of bacteria is kept low.

Also, eye drops are generally easier to be contaminated than ear drops as the eye-dropper has more

contact to the infected area, compared to the ear drops.

At room temperature CED undergoes thermal degradation.

To avoid picking error with CEarD.

2. What is Dulcolax and what are the other drugs belonging to this category.

Ans: Dulcolax is the brand name for Diphenylmethanes, stimulant laxative drugs. Other drugs

belonging to this category are Phenolphthalein, Cremalax, Sodium Picosulfate & Bisacodyl.

3. What is S/L and SOS.

S/L = Sublingual

SOS = If there is need (Emergency treatment).

4. What are side effects of nitrates?

Ans : Throbing headach, Flushing, Dizziness, Bradycardia, Tolerance, P.H.


Ans: Patient is diabetic hypertensive patient with Angina.

6. Why we are using Dulcolax & Moxal?

Ans: Bcz Antihypertensive drugs Tenormin cause GI Disturbances.

H.

1. Amoxil 500mg: (Amoxycillin, Broad spectrum penicillin)

(Use- Bronchitis)

2. Ventolin Inhaler 180mcg(2 puffs): (Salbutamol, Selective β2 agonist)

(Adrenceptor agonist, sympathomimetic)

(Use- Asthma, COPD)

(S.E- Fine tremor in hands, nervous tension, headache, muscle

cramps& palpitation, tachycardia)

3. Prednisolone 40mg x 3 : (corticosteroids)

30mg x 3 (Asthma)

20mg x 3 (Tappering of Dose)

4. Theophylline:

5. Zeet H/S:

Theophylline inhibits phosphodiesterase and cause bronchodilation.

Anticholinergic drugs, atropinic drugs cause bronchodialation by blocking cholinergic constrictor tone.

Corticosteroids (Prednisolone) reduce bronchial hyperactivity, mucosal edema and by suppressing

inflammatory response to AG:AB reaction.

Classification:

1. Bronchodilators

A. Β2Sympathomimetics: Salbutamol, Terbutaline

B. Methyxanthines: Theophylline, Aminophylline.

C. Anticholinergics: Ipratropium bromide

2. Leukotriene antagonist:

Montelukasr, Zafirlukast.

3. Mast Cell Stabilizers:

Sodium Cromoglycate,Ketotifen

4. Corticosteroids:

Prednisolone

5. Anti-IgE antibody

Omalizumab.

Tappering of Dose of Corticosteroids: (Adrenal Suppression).

If thecorticosteroids are given for longer than 3 weeks, treatment must not be stopped abruptly.

Adrenal suppression can last for a year or more after stopping treatment and the patient must mention

the course of treatment.

SCOPE & SALARIES OF PHARMACIST.

NORMAL SALARIES RANGE IS 450 OMR TO 600 OMR WITH ACCOMUDATION,

INCENTIVES &OVERTIME ETC.

KINDLY REMEBERS IN PRAYERS

FOR ANY QUREY :0096897004951 ( WHATSUP&IMO)

THANKS REGARDS

DR SHAH FAHAD

PHARMACIST MOH OMAN,

MOH, DHA U.A.E, SLE K.S.A.

how to do work in sultanate of oman as a registered pharmacist

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