how to give a presentation
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How to give a good presentation?
By
Khaled Mokhtar
MD Urology
Ain-Shams University
Presentation. so what? and who cares?
Hundreds of presentations, ……few are memorized …….and many are forgotten.
So
Presentation is an art that we should master
“Great speakers aren’t born, they are trained.”
Presenting is a Skill…
Developed through experience
and training.
Value of your presentation
For e.g. In a conference
20 minutes talk X 300 doctors (Audience) = 100 hours doctor’s time
1 hour of a professional doctors ? pounds
?? pounds
Types of presentations we are encountered with:
Lectures
Tutorials
Prelabs
Seminars
Conferences
The items to be dealt with include:
1- Components of presentation.
2- Effective presentation techniques.
3- Creating effective visual aids.
4- Common problems
Good Presentation must be:
Purposeful
Audience based
Clear
Concise
Well organized
I-Components of the Presentation
I-Components of the Presentation
1. The Audience
2. The Subject
3. The Material
1-The Audience
Undergraduate
Post-graduate
Professionals
• Fashion your presentation based on your audience • Don’t underestimate the intelligence of the audience
1-The Audience
Assess Your Audience
– “Success depends on your ability to reach your audience.”
– Size
– Knowledge Level
– Motivation
2-The Subject
Choose the subject that you are interested in.
Identify your goal of presentation informative
persuasive
Challenging
The speaker should be
Honest
Enthusiastic
3-The Speaker
Feel that you are delivering a MESSAGE
Before you start … Get Ready
Get ready and Collect your data.
Rehearse and rehearse in a time frame.
Plan to rehearse your
presentation out loud at least 4 times.
Be yourself.
Organizing Your Presentation..
Organizational Patterns
Topical
Chronological
Problem/Solution
Cause/Effect
Fear
Feared More Than Death!
The symptoms: Frequent swallowing, trembling, Shaky hands, blushing cheeks, memory loss, nausea, and knocking knees
NORMAL! Control it …. Don’t fight it..
You should worry when these symptoms stay away
How to proceed in the presentation?
3 Phases:
Opening your presentation
Proceeding in Your Presentation
Ending your Presentation
The structure of a good presentation:
10%
80% 10%
• Start broad, get specific, and end broad. • This is typical for a professional level.
Almost everyone listens at the beginning. This is THE MOMENT to make clear the value of your presentation.
Phase 1:
Opening your presentation
…Be Careful
Audience attention curve
Opening Your Presentation
Introduce Yourself.
Use an Attractive slide
Start slowly.
– Humor
– Short Story
Give an overview of your topic.
Define, Introduce clearly the aim of your Topic.
Phase 2:
Proceed in your Presentation
1. Determine Main Points.
2. Give Supporting Evidence (REFERENCE..).
3. Don’t use abnormal words.
4. Group together what belongs together (DO NOT BE REDUNDANT).
5. Get Feedback.
6. Do not try to tell every thing.
Remind your audience with the goal of your presentation.
Give intermediate conclusions to re- establish the bonds with the audience.
If your presentation is long .. Try to break it into several sections.
Phase 2:
Proceed in your Presentation
• The impact of inadequate planning, rehearsal and lack of organization on the audience
Inform audience that you’re about to close.
Summarize main points take home message
“Tell them What You Told them.”
Phase 3:
Ending your Presentation Concluding Your Presentation
• Audience attention increases as you signal the end of the talk –
Get strong closing Take advantage from the curve
II- Effective Presentation Techniques
Presentation Style
1. Vocal Techniques – Loudness
– Rate
– Pause
Emphasize your ideas by using the pause, tone and loudness.
Get a moment of silence before starting an important phrase.
Presentation Style
2. Body Language
Eye Contact,
gesture,
Posture.
Movement.
Presentation Style
• Body language by famous politicians
Common Problems
Verbal fillers “Um”, “uh”, “yaani”, “assl”
Hands in pockets or giving the audience your back
Lip smacking.
Inappropriate movement (too much, hiding the
presentation, or not clear to the audience…..) .
Laser pointer on text, only on diagrams tables and photos.
Failure to be audience-centered
III-Creating Effective Visual Aids.
Creating Your Slides
Visual Aids… the role
Improve understanding
Add strength to the text
Illustrate and simplify complex ideas
Creating Effective Visual Aids.
An effective slide should be understood in 5 seconds. eg. road advertisement, the passenger riding 60 km/h
PowerPoint basics:
1. What font to use
Type size should be 18 points or larger:
18 point
20 point
24 point
28 point
36 point
* References can be in 14 point font
PowerPoint basics:
1. What font to use:
Arial vs. Arial bold
Comic Sans vs. Comic Sans bold
Times New Roman vs. Times New Roman bold
AVOID USING ALL CAPITAL LETTERS BECAUSE IT’S REALLY HARD TO READ!
PowerPoint basics:
1. What font to use:
PowerPoint basics:
2. Color
Dark letters against a light background
work for
smaller rooms and for teaching
Light letters against a dark background also work in a large
room..
PowerPoint basics:
2. Color
PowerPoint basics:
2. Color
Avoid red-green combinations because a large fraction of the human population is red-green colorblind.
Lots of people can’t read this – and even if they could, it makes your eyes hurt.
Other color combinations can be equally bad:
PowerPoint basics:
2. Color
1. No more than two lines each text. 2. No more than 7 lines per slide. 3. No more than 7 words in the line
PowerPoint basics:
3. Layout
The reason for limiting text blocks to two lines is that when the text block goes on and on forever, people in the audience are going to have to make a huge effort to read the text, which will preclude them from paying attention to what you are saying. Every time you lose their focus, your presentation suffers!
PowerPoint basics:
3. Layout
Avoid sublists! • Item 1
- Item 1a - Item 1b - Item 1c
• Item 2 - Item 2a - Item 2b • Item 3
PowerPoint basics:
3. Layout
Human Sperm-Oocyte Interaction
Figure 3. Stages of human fertilization. Spermatozoa swim through the surrounding medium and cumulus mass (not shown) and bind to the surface of the zona pellucida. The acrosome reaction is stimulated by zona proteins and the acrosome reacted sperm penetrates the zona, enters the perivitelline space and binds to the oolemma via the equatorial segment. Oocyte processes surround the sperm head and it enters the ooplasm and decondenses. Infertility could result from defects of any of these processes. For example, abnormal sperm particularly with defective head morphology bind poorly to the zona.
PowerPoint basics:
3. Layout Complicated slides to be understood
(One photo is better than 5 text slide)
CaThere are other causes of death .. Other than p
PowerPoint basics:
3. Style
Use diagrams, graphs ….they are easy to understand Limit the use of tables Use the animation properly….. To a professional level only
PowerPoint basics:
3. Style
Limit the number of items on each slide. Each slide should contain just one idea. Each slide should have a title.
PowerPoint basics:
3. Style
Effective Presentations
Control Anxiety – Don’t Fight It
Audience Centered
Accomplishes Objective
Fun For Audience
Fun For You
Conducted Within Time Frame
Seven Deadly Sins
1- Not audience based.
2- Unclear purpose.
3- Lack of organization.
4- Unnecessary information.
5- Monotonous voice and sloppy speech.
6- Unnecessary, or inappropriate visual aids.
7- Reading your talk. (it is much faster than natural speech)
Remember that … “you are the presentation not the PowerPoint”
IV-Problematic situations
Student with bad manners:
a) Ignore him
b) Give a strong warning
c) Be firm and order him/her to leave
d) Humiliate him/her
A question that you don’t know the answer to:
a) Try to answer using your basic knowledge
b) Be clear and announce that you don’t know and that you will check the text
c) Say that you are busy and make an appointment
Equipment failure
a) Cancel the lecture
b) Reorganize the lecture (use a projector, board, or just the mic.)
c) Change the way of the lecture e.g. In questions and answers or revision
Always have backup … a bad backup is better than no backup at all
(extra flash memory, CD, own laptop….)
Other problems
Design Final Touch:
Ahmad Al-Sabbagh
March 2012*