how to mislead with graphs 7’6” 5’2.5” yao = christina x 2? of course not…
TRANSCRIPT
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How to mislead with graphs
7’6”
5’2.5”
Yao = Christina X 2?
of course not…
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How to mislead with graphs
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How to mislead with graphs
Housing prices have tripled over the last year?!?
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How to mislead with graphs
Gee-whiz! Oatmeal cuts your cholesterol by 75%!
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How to mislead with graphs
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How to mislead with graphs
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Sales in $K
Baylen
Jackson
Jones
Smith
Stern
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How to mislead with graphs
Use a short and fat barif you want to minimize differences…
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How to mislead with graphs
Use a tall and skinny bar if you want to
maximize differences…
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Stern
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How to mislead with graphs
• Or why not just scale it without the bottom part of the y-axis?
Chop off the “feet”
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How to mislead with graphs
If I’m Mr. Jones…
…I’m deliberately choosing a tall and skinny bar AND chopping off the bottom of the axis.
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Sales in $K
Baylen
Jackson
Jones
Smith
Stern
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Reaganomics Tax Reduction Legislationtelevised address from the Oval Office,
July 27, 1981
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$999$1000
$1001
$1003$1002
$1004$1005
“THEIR” bill is the Democratic plan
“OUR” bill is the new Republican plan
“YOUR TAXES” makes it nice and
personal
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How to mislead with graphs
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How to mislead with graphs
pictographs...
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How to mislead with graphs
LA Times, August 5, 1979
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How to mislead with graphs
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How to mislead with graphs
Washington Post October 25, 1978
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How to mislead with graphs
• No y-axis at all!• Sales in 1995 = sales in 1997 but you’d never know!
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How to mislead with graphs
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How to mislead with graphs
An actual presentation from the county…
click
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A Radio Addvertisementfrom Express Oil Change
• Talking about dealers charging 37% more for the same work.
• This means the dealer will charge you $1.37 for the same work a private shop would charge a $1 for.
• Final example was “Would you like it if you give someone a dollar and asked for change, and they give you back 63 cents.”
• 63 cents is 37 cents less than a dollar, but what is wrong with the last example?