how/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? how/why does water leave the descending loop of...

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How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

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Page 1: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

How/why does water leave the proximal tubule?

?

How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle?

?

How is urine concentrated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 2: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

How/why does water leave the distal tubule?

How/why does water leave the collecting ducts?

?

?

How is urine concentrated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 3: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Concentration of urine is dependent on the concentration gradient existing in the kidneys.

Maintained 3 ways

1) _________________:

Both H2O and solutes are lost from loop of Henle (__________________ ____________________).

2) ________________:

Network of capillaries carrying blood in ___________________ of nephron flow

3) ________:

Diffuses into _________ ________________… impermeable until collecting duct… ______ _______________

How is urine concentrated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 4: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

How is urine concentrated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 5: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

How is urine concentrated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 6: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

80% of reabsorption is _____________20% regulated via ________________Who?

What?

Where?

When?

Why?

How?

Posterior pituitary

Changes in _______ and __________

Maintain homeostasis

Cause formation of _____________ in __________ and _____________

You

How is urine concentration regulated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 7: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Take 2!!!

Discuss with your neighbor and predict

an answer.

Ethyl alcohol (found in alcoholic beverages) inhibits ADH secretion. Since this is so, why/how does consumption of an alcoholic beverage influence urine production?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 8: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Who?

What?

Where?

When?

Why?

How?

Kidneys, blood

Changes in pressure and osmolality

Maintain homeostasis

_____ causes ultimate formation of ___________ which is a __________ AND causes secretion of ______________

You

80% of reabsorption is obligatory20% regulated via hormonal control

How is urine concentration regulated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 9: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Who?

What?

Where?

When?

Why?

How?

Adrenal glands

______________________ and osmolality

Maintain homeostasis

______________ causes increase in ________ __________ in _________ and ______________.

You

80% of reabsorption is obligatory20% regulated via hormonal control

How is urine concentration regulated?If LOW levels of aldosterone what happens to “salt” levels in filtrate? What happens to osmotic potential?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 10: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Who?

What?

Where?

When?

Why?

How?

Right atrium of heart

High blood volume stretches the chamber

Maintain homeostasis

____________________ inhibits the secretion of _____ and the ______________________ (it also dilates vessels).

You

80% of reabsorption is obligatory20% regulated via hormonal control

How is urine concentration regulated?

What effect does this have on blood volume?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 11: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Who?

What?

Where?

When?

Why?

How?

Afferent arteriole

Changes in blood pressure

Maintain homeostasis

Dilate or restrict afferent arteriole. Controls what pressure?

You

How is urine concentration regulated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 12: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Who?

What?

Where?

When?

Why?

How?

Small renal arteries and afferent arterioles

Severe stress and/or cardiac shock

Appropriate resources

_______________________ (including afferent arterioles) What happens to filtration pressure?

You

How is urine concentration regulated?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 13: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

2 main types:

•___________

•___________ ____________

How is “urine” produced artificially?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 14: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

1) ____________ ___________

2) _______ ________ signal _________ & ________

3) Bladder ________ and internal sphincter ________

4) __________ ______________ Bladder Incontinence!

What is involved with micturition?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 15: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Nephritis (acute and chronic)

Renal failure (acute and chronic)

Kidney stones (renal caliculi)

Incontinence (nerve damage, gestational)

Urinary tract infection (cystitis, urethritis)

Diuretics

What are some kidney diseases/disorders?

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 16: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Let’s practice some renal histology!

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II

Page 17: How/why does water leave the proximal tubule? ? How/why does water leave the descending loop of Henle? ? How is urine concentrated? BI 203 Human Anatomy

Let’s practice some renal histology!

BI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology IIBI 203 Human Anatomy & Physiology II