hr academy questions

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HUMAN RESOURCES ACADEMY – SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS 1. How many additional industry specific solutions does the mySAP suite offer? a. 5 b. 14 c. 22 d. 7 e. 2 2. SAP Net weaver includes the following components (more than one answer is correct) a. SAP Workbench Application Server b. The Exchange Infrastructure c. Information Integration d. SAP R/3 Enterprise e. All of the above 3. The SAP Customer Services Network includes: (More than one of the following) a. Consulting for Business Solutions b. Services for solutions operations c. Training d. Support e. Enterprise Services Architecture 4. The difference between an ERP (Enterprise Resource System) and E- business is that E-Business uses the value of internal efficiency and optimization provided by the ERP and additionally offers the following: (more than one of the following is correct) a. Extended collaborative functions b. Generated value through collaborative possibilities c. Seamless integration into heterogeneous landscape d. Enterprise centric business model 5. E-Business is internally focused. It offers enterprise-centric functionality to integrate core process: a. True b. False c. 6. CRM is: a. Supply Chain Management

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Page 1: HR Academy Questions

HUMAN RESOURCES ACADEMY – SAMPLE EXAM QUESTIONS

1. How many additional industry specific solutions does the mySAP suite offer?a. 5b. 14c. 22d. 7e. 2

2. SAP Net weaver includes the following components (more than one answer is correct)a. SAP Workbench Application Serverb. The Exchange Infrastructurec. Information Integrationd. SAP R/3 Enterprisee. All of the above

3. The SAP Customer Services Network includes: (More than one of the following)a. Consulting for Business Solutionsb. Services for solutions operationsc. Trainingd. Supporte. Enterprise Services Architecture

4. The difference between an ERP (Enterprise Resource System) and E-business is that E-Business uses the value of internal efficiency and optimization provided by the ERP and additionally offers the following: (more than one of the following is correct)a. Extended collaborative functionsb. Generated value through collaborative possibilitiesc. Seamless integration into heterogeneous landscaped. Enterprise centric business model

5. E-Business is internally focused. It offers enterprise-centric functionality to integrate core process:a. Trueb. Falsec.

6. CRM is:a. Supply Chain Managementb. Strategic Enterprise Management c. Product Lifecycled. Customer Relationship Managemente. Supplier Relationship Management

7. Strategic Enterprise Management is split into the following functional areas: (More than one of the following are true)a. Business Information Collection(BIC)b. Business Planning and Simulation(BPS)

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c. Business Consolidation(BCS)d. Corporate Performance Monitor(CPM)e. Stakeholder Relationship Management(SRM)

8. Single sign-on means that: (More than one of the following are correct)a. The user can only sign on to one systemb. Is provided using the SAP Enterprise Portalc. Users can access both SAP and non-SAP systems though a Web browserd. Once the user has signed on, they can open six sessions

9. xApps:a. are part of the mySAP Business Suiteb. are extensions to the R/3 Enterprise systemc. is a new breed of packaged composite applications that snap on to an existing

heterogeneous IT environmentd. provide a blueprint for services based, enterprise scale business solutions

10. SAP’s Going Live check and Early Watch Alert and Check are program s provided by SAP to monitor the system before going-live ,to ensure optimal performance and reliabilitya. True b. False

11. Net weaver enables integration with Microsoft.Net environment s and IBM websphere environments on the following three levels: (more than one of the following are correct)a. User level - through a portalb. Information level – using business intelligence and knowledge management functionsc. Process level- through the exchange infrastructured. Technical level- using R/3 Enterprise

12. Which of the following products generates the blueprint for an SAP implementation?a. SAP Solution Managerb. SMA-Solution Management Assessment c. SMO- Solution Management Optimisationd. None of the above

13. What are the three key areas of SAP Solution Manager?a. Operationsb. Monitoring c. Supportd. Ad hoc querye. Analysing technical risk

14. Identify the true and false statements below:a. The SAP GUI is the standard program accessing almost all SAP solutions b. A password is not required to logon to SAPc. An administrator can set the number of sessions allowed to any value between 2 and 6 for

all system usersd. The push buttons on the standard toolbar are shown on every SAP screen , even if they are

not all active

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15. Which of the following transactions entered into the command field is invalid?a. /ob. /oPA30c. /nPA40d. /ie. /sPE03

16. How can you access an SAP transaction? (More than one of the following are correct)a. Navigate through the SAP Easy Access Menub. Insert the transaction code in the command fieldc. Using favouritesd. Using the search button

17. Identify the correct statements: (more than one of the following are correct)a. A client represents a completely independent business entity and has its own databaseb. An employee who moves from one client to another can keep the same employee numberc. You can use parameters to fill frequently used input fields with default values d. You can call the context sensitive SAP library using the F1 keye. With the personalisation options, you can change the size of input fields

18. Technical information can be found on a field when using:a. The F4 helpb. The F1 helpc. The SAP libraryd. The Application help

19. Which variable is used to determine the screen modification for Master Data:a. User Groupb. Personnel Administrationc. Organisation keyd. Cost Centre e. Payroll /Area

20. How many levels are there in the Enterprise structurea. 4b. 3c. 1d. 5e. 6

21. Which of the following are structures within HR?( more than one of the following are correct)a. Employee Groupb. Enterprisec. Clientd. Organizationale. Object

22. Which infotype contains information on the Personnel structure?a. 0022 Education

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b. 0001 Organizational assignmentc. 0002 Personal Datad. 0007 Planned Working Time

23. The Enterprise structure consists of the following: (more than one of the following is correct)a. Clientb. Company codec. Employee groupd. Personnel areae. Personnel sub area

24. Which of the following are true with regards client in SAPa. It is not possible to assess personnel data in other client, this protects data from being

accessed by unauthorized usersb. You cannot assign access authorizations or run evaluations for all clientsc. There is no exchange of date between clientsd. If an employee changes clients, you have to create the personnel number againe. Data is not client specific

25. Which of the following statements is incorrect?a. The employee group is a general division of employees b. An infotype is a logical grouping of data fieldsc. The Company code is unique in each clientd. The payroll area is used to determine the CAP and PCRe. An organizational plan provides a model of the structure and personnel environment at

your enterprise.26. Personnel Calculation rules (PCR) and Collective Agreement Provisions (PCR) are assigned to

which HR structure groupings?a. Enterprise structureb. Personnel structurec. Organizational structured. Payroll structure

27. Which of the following structures are used for Administrative functions? (more than one of the following are correct)

a. Enterprise structureb. Controlling structurec. Organizational structured. Personnel structuree. Business event structure

28. Which of the following objects are external object types?a. Applicantb. Qualifications groupsc. Cost centred. Jobe. Business event type

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29. Which of the following are basic objects used in Organizational Managementa. Sb. Pc. USd. Oe. C

30. What is the purpose of an Evaluation path in HRa. To determines the order in which infotypes are proposed by the SAP system for editingb. To enable employee groups and subgroups to working time groupsc. To enable one to report on structural information in Organizational Managementd. To set up a path to allow the connection to an electric communication system within

SAP R/331. Object characteristics are maintained in infotypes. The main characteristics are: (more than one

of the following are correct)a. Descriptionb. Object c. Cost centresd. Planned working time e. Relationship

32. Sort the following steps in the correct order when building an Organizational plan in SAPa. Assign personsb. Create jobs c. Create positionsd. Create organizational unitse. Create the root organizational unit

33. A person, object type ‘P’ can be assigned:a. A positionb. A jobc. A vacancyd. A taske. An organizational unit

34. What are the different ways of processing infotypes records? (more than one of the following is correct)

a. Single screen maintenance – one infotype, one personnel numberb. Personnel Actions – many personnel numbers, one infotypec. Fast entry – many personnel numbers, many infotypesd. Fast entry of actions – one personnel number, many infotypes

35. Which of the following statements are incorrect?a. You can restart a personnel action at any timeb. In Management of Global employees, each employee can have multiple assignments in

different countriesc. Green ticks next to infotypes mean that records have been maintained for this infotype

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d. Infotypes have names and 5 digit key36. When hiring, employee data must be entered in the following infotypes: (more than one of the

following is correct)a. 0002b. 2006c. 0003d. 0007e. 0001

37. Infotype 0003 can be described by which of the following: (more than one answer is correct)a. It contains the Payroll statusb. It is created programmatically by the system during the Hiring actionc. It can only exist for salaried employeesd. It is not created for backdated salary records.

38. Which of the following is the Contract Element infotype?a. 0015b. 0007c. 0016d. 0014

39. Which of the following infotypes are assigned Time Constraint 1 in the standard delivered system (more than one of the following are correct)

a. 0000 Actionsb. 0001 Organizational assignmentc. 0024 Qualificationsd. 0007 Planned Working Timee. 0025 Appraisals

40. Which of the following accurately describes Time Contraint1? (more than one of the following are correct)

a. If it exists, it has to be unique, but the record does not have to existb. The records must existc. There can be no overlaps of recordsd. There can be no gaps between the recordse. It does not have to exist

41. Which of the following best describes a Personnel Actiona. The specification of a function modules to control the format of the list outputb. Entries with different evaluation paths used for starting a reportc. The assignment of infotypes, in a logical order, to make up a complex workd. None of the above

42. The title bar displays information on the current system status as well as messages.a. Trueb. False

43. Which of the following is incorrect? When hiring an employee, you must enter data in the following infotypes:

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a. Planning Working Timeb. Absence quotasc. Absencesd. Organizational assignment

44. The following utilities are available in master data maintenance: (more than one answer is correct)

a. Change entry/leaving dateb. Delete payroll resultsc. Change personnel numberd. Delete personnel number

45. Which of the following infotypes are required for positive time keeping in the Time Management? (more than one of the following is correct)

a. Personnel actionb. Organizational assignmentc. Addressd. Personal datae. Absences

46. Which are the different methods of recording Time Data in SAP?a. Negative time recordingb. Recording deviations onlyc. Recording actual timesd. Positive time recordinge. Planned time recording

47. Infotype 0050 is created using a dynamic action when position Time Management is used, and contains Time events:

a. Trueb. False

48. You can changes existing or define new Public Holiday calendars?a. Trueb. False

49. If an employee forgets to sign out using Positive Time, the system will still process the working record in Time Evaluation:

a. Trueb. False

50. The employee’s planned working time is represented in a work schedule. This is generated from: (more than one of the following are correct)

a. The daily work scheduleb. The public holiday calendarc. The period work scheduled. Planned working time

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51. The Time Evaluation driver is RPCALC00:a. Trueb. False

52. Results of Time Evaluation include the following: (more than one answer is correct)a. Time accountsb. Time wage typesc. Time eventsd. Messages

53. Select four steps that make up the Cross Application Time Sheet Processa. Approving Time datab. Confirming for Production Planning (PP)c. Entering data in the time sheetsd. Transferring time data to the target components e. Realizing time data

54. Which of the following are required to use the Cross Application Time Sheet?a. Data Entry Profile for recording the employee related time datab. Number Range interval for the Plan Version 01c. HR Mini – Masterd. The necessary authorizations must be set up for CATS

55. What are the minimum infotypes require for the CATS – HR Mini- Master, should HR not be implemented

a. 0315 – Time Sheet defaultsb. 0002 – Personal datac. 2002 – Attendancesd. 0007 – Planned Working Timee. 0001 – Organizational assignment

56. Attendances and absences are used to:a. Determine payb. Compile statisticsc. Determine organization assignmentd. Manage Time accounts

57. In Shift Planning, requirements include the following:a. Time informationb. No of employeesc. Jobsd. Qualificationse. Validity period

58. Which of the following statements are correct?a. PA30 is the transaction code to perform Personnel Actionsb. PA70 us the transaction code to maintain Master datac. PA61 is the transaction code used to Maintain Time datad. PA40 is the transaction code used to Maintain Master data

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59. When using the Business Warehouse, which of the following areas provides HR Business content? (more than one of the following is correct)

a. Browserb. Benefitsc. Analyserd. Recruitment

60. When running an Ad hoc query, the system automatically generates an ABAP report:a. Trueb. False

61. The Manager’s Desktop (MDT): (More than one of the following are true)a. Display current date directly from the databaseb. Can be customizedc. Is totally different from MSSd. Allows managers to perform actions

62. A report can be created?a. In Manager’s Desktop and using the Business Information Warehouseb. Using structured reports from the SAP Easy Access Menuc. In Microsoft exceld. Using Ad hoc query

63. How do you administer various source systems in the Business Information Warehouse?a. Using Personnel Administrationb. Using the Administrator’s Workbenchc. Using the Personnel workbench

64. In Recruitment, how many levels of data records are there?a. 4b. 3c. 0d. 2

65. In Recruitment, the system allows you to hire for a vacancy that has been assigned to the applicant in infotype 4002:

a. Trueb. False

66. Where do you create the requirements of a position or qualification profiles for applicants?a. In the Personnel Administration and its applicant data transferb. In Manager’s desktopc. In personnel Administration for internal applicantsd. In a person’s ID from Personnel Planning and Development areae. In sub-profiles from Personnel Development

67. Identify the true and false statements below:a. An applicant range is based on hierarchical and functional criteriab. Applicant status is changed using an applicant actionc. An applicant group is used to assign applicants to a personnel officer

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d. If recruitment is integrated with OM, you can create vacancies in Org and Staffing or detailed maintenance in OM.

68. The applicant overall status and vacancy assignment status are one and the same thing:a. Trueb. False

69. Which of the following in NOT a procedure of e-Recruitment?a. Attractionb. Retainingc. Qualifyingd. Sourcinge. Collaborationf. Planning

70. Qualifications can be assigned the following additional attributes :a. Alternative qualificationb. Proficiency scale c. Validity periodd. Depreciation metere. None of the above

71. A proficiency scale for a qualification is assigned at the a. Qualification level b. Qualification level groupc. To the person having the qualificationd. Is not used

72. Business Event preparation refers to creating the following objects (more than one of the following are correct)

a. Cost itemsb. Locationsc. Time schedulesd. Business event groupse. Business event types

73. The following can be booked on a business event type:a. Personb. Userc. Organizational unitd. Customere. None of the above

74. The SAP Learning Solution includes the following (more than one of the following are correct):a. Content Management Systemb. Learning Management Systemc. SAP Tutord. Authoring toole. Web application server

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75. Career Planning is planning an employee’s professional career, where Succession Planning means looking for a suitable candidate to fill a vacant post:

a. Trueb. False

76. The following is used to plan personnel development for a specific employee:a. A career plant b. A general development planc. An individual development pland. An organizational plan

77. The SAP Appraisal component offers the following appraisal models: (more than one of the following are correct)

a. 360 degrees appraisalb. Training evaluationc. Personnel appraisald. Management by objectivese. None of the above

78. Objectives in an appraisal should be:a. Specificb. Measurablec. Accountabled. Realistice. Optional

79. Which of the following statements are incorrect?a. Job evaluation information is stored in infotype 1050b. Salary survey information is stored in infotype 1051 c. Planned remuneration is stored in infotype 1005d. A budget is required to perform compensation adjustmentse. A job evaluation is required for all jobs in an organization

80. There are three types of Planned compensation: Fixed, Variable and Pay scalea. Trueb. False

81. Which of the following regarding compensation categories are incorrect?a. All categories update infotype 0380b. Fixed compensation adjustments create infotype 0015c. Variable adjustments create infotypes 0008 and 0015d. Long term incentives create Awards infotype 0382

82. In Compensation Management: (more than one of the following are correct)a. Guidelines are compulsoryb. There are three types of guideline: fixed, matrix and user definedc. Eligibility rules determine the participation in an adjustmentd. The calculation base is the budget for increases

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83. Personnel Cost Planning information can be used for: (more than one of the following are correct)

a. Reporting in Business Warehouseb. Salary budget in Compensation Managementc. Budget for Training and Event Managementd. Input to Controllinge. Scenario simulation

84. The SAP system saves the collected data in Personnel Cost Planning infotypes 0666 and 0667 for employee and organizational data.

a. Trueb. False

85. The required infotype for Travel Management are:a. 0001b. 0002c. 0006d. 0009e. 0017

86. In Personnel Development, requirements can be defined as those skills a person is required to have in order to fill a position.

a. Trueb. False

87. Select the correct statement for Personnel Cost Planning and simulation componenta. Cost items are not usedb. Data collection makes collected data in the database available as infotypes, thereby

forming the basis for cost planning runsc. Data collection takes place after a planning rund. Released personnel cost plans are made available for logistics in particulare. Data can be collected for employees only, and not for organizational objects

88. Day to day activities in Training and Event Management include:a. Firmly book/cancelb. Rebookc. Pre-bookd. Lock/unlocke. Follow-up

89. With regards to booking priorities, the following is true:a. Normal bookings are accepted when capacity is between minimum and maximumb. Essential bookings are created once optimum capacity has been reachedc. Waitlisted bookings cannot be recordedd. Booking priorities refer to the management level of the employee

90. Jobs are used in the following application components: (more than one of the following are correct)

a. Personnel Cost Planning

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b. Personnel Administrationc. Organizational Managementd. Personnel Developmente. Shift Planning

91. If the Recruitment component is integrated with OM, you maintain vacancies in Organizational Management.

a. Trueb. False

92. Can Attendances be cancelled in the Dynamic Attendances menu?a. Yesb. No

93. The Implementation Guide is a tool to help with implementing and customizing. Customizing is a method that supports the following situation: (more than one answer is correct)

a. Implementing the SAP R/3 systemb. Enhancing the SAP R/3c. With a release upgraded. With a system rollout

94. Select criteria you would take into account when defining personnel sub areasa. Collective Agreement Provision, because they can only be determined by personnel

subareasb. Personnel subareas for personnel calculation rule because this determines how the

employees of a personnel subarea are processed in payrollc. Time Management groupsd. Public holiday calendar

95. Which of the following statements are correct? (more than one answer is correct)a. Employee subgroup grouping for CAP controls employment assignment to pay scale

areasb. Employee subgroup grouping for CAP are for statistical purposes onlyc. Entries are stored in the pay scale table for each employee sub-grouping for CAPd. Employee subgroup sub-grouping for CAP controls employee assignments to pay scale

typee. You can group together any employee subgroups that have same CAP.

96. When creating a new record for basic pay IT 0008, which default values can be determined from assignment to a personnel subarea or from TARIF feature

a. Pay scale area from assignment to personnel subareab. Pay scale type from assignment to personnel subareac. Pay scale group from assignment to personnel TARIFd. Pay scale level from assignment to personnel TARIF

97. Which of the following is correct: (more than one answer is correct)a. Time constraint 2 means 2 records with overlapping periods exist. Gaps permitted

b. Time constraint 1 means if a record is deleted, validity period of preceding record is extended

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c. Time constraint 3 means if a record is deleted, validity period of the preceding record is extended

d. When creating, changing or deleting records, time constraints regulate the validity of infotype records.

98. What is the purpose of an information groupsa. To define the value of status indicators in Action IT 0000b. To determine sequence of infotypes processes in an personnel action according to user

groupc. To define personnel actions that are available for a userd. A logical grouping of data fields

99. In Personnel Administration, what is the name given to a wage type stored in infotypes?a. Technical wage typeb. Derived wage typec. Dialog/primary wage typed. Statement wage typee. Which of the following statements about management of global employees are correctf. Management of Global employees is the component used to keep track of and

streamline international assignments within a global companyg. When a global assignment is activated, a pay relevant IT 0709 is used for the

compensation packageh. The external person ID is stored in IT0706i. In the process of managing global employees, the employees are active in both the host

and home countries.100. You have created several reports to be used by your personnel administrators on an

on-going basis. What is the best method to five easy access to these reports to al of the administrators?a. Add the transaction code of the reports to the P_TCODE authorizations objectb. Create a profile to include the reports and assign the profile to the individual users

using the user comparec. Create a reporting role for your administrators using the role menu. Assign the user

role to the administrator job using indirect role assignmentd. Include the reports on the SAP Easy Access menu

101. There are two methods for time recording. Both methods require a valid work schedule. Which info-types are work schedule deviations recorded on? (More than one answer is

a. 2006b. 2001c. 2007d. 2010e. 2011

102. Overlapping absence subtypes are checked for using: (More than one answer is correct)a. Time Constraints

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b. Time Constraints and Collision tablesc. Collision at the subtyped. None of the above

103. To default a work schedule in infotype 0007, the following feature should be used:a. LGMSTb. PLOGIc. TARIFd. ASKRSe. SCHKZ

104. Substitution allows employees to deviate from work schedule. Compensation can be recorded in:

a. Infotype 0014b. Infotype 0015c. Infotype 2003d. Infotype 2001e. Infotype 2004

105. The deduction rules for absence and attendance quotas are dependant upon: (more than one answer is correct)

a. Personnel subarea grouping for Time quotasb. Employee subgroup grouping for Time quotasc. The counting rule assigned to the absence and attendance type d. Time Constraint classes and Collision tablese. The Work Schedule Rule

106. Client-independent elements are objects that are used in all clients. Which of the following objects can be defined as client- independent: (more than one answer is correct)

a. Data structures, eg. field definitions, table structure, file set upb. HR master recordsc. Transactionsd. Authorization profilese. Help documentation

107. Wage types represent one of the most important concepts in the HR Management System. What are their basic functions? (More than one answer is correct)

a. To define the pay scale groups for each subgroup groupingb. To perform indirect valuation on an hourly or monthly basisc. To assign payments and deductions and control the payroll programd. To check the validity of data entered in infotype 0008 (Basic Pay)

108. You can assign an employee to a pay scale structure when you maintain infotype a. 0002b. 0001c. 0000d. 0006

109. The pay scale structure includes the following: (More than one answer is correct)

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a. Regionalb. Internationalc. Industry-specificd. Financiale. Time related

110. You can define default values for the pay scale area and typea. Trueb. False

111. The pay scale type represents the pay scale regulations or collective agreement according to which employees are paid:

a. Trueb. False

112. Which of the following are the main wage types: (More than one answer is correct)a. Primary or dialog wages typesb. Permissibility wage typesc. Technical wage typesd. Evaluation wage types

113. What is the description for infotype 0014?a. Banking detailsb. Addressc. Recurring payments and deductionsd. Additional payments

114. Which valuations of wage types below are correct? (More than one answer is correct)a. Direction valuationb. Personnel area valuationc. Indirect valuationd. Direct valuation

115. For modules PRZNT and SUMME:a. Variant D means the wage type being evaluated should not be on the infotypeb. Can be used for wage types in all infotypesc. Variant I the wage type being evaluated should not be on the infotyped. Entries must be made in the base wage type valuation table

116. It is possible to default wage types using:a. Wage types in a featureb. A wage type modec. Planned compensation infotype 1005d. A personnel action

117. Which feature is used to default wage types in infotype 0008 (Basic Pay)a. Module PRZNT/SUMMEb. ARBPLc. LGMSTd. Module TARIF

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118. Which of the following permissibility checks do wage types have? (More then one answer is correct)

a. For each company code and personnel areab. For each employee group/subgroupc. For each infotyped. For the number of times the wage type can be entered in the infotype in one payroll

period119. The Payroll past covers the period between the retroactive accounting limit and the end

of the last period. Which statement is true?a. If you maintain an infotype relevant to retroactive accounting and its validity date

overlaps the payroll past, the reactive accounting date is to the end date for the infotype

b. The period beginning on 01.01.1950 represents the default value for the earliest reactive accounting period

c. The absolute retroactive accounting date for a personnel number is always the employee’s entry date

d. Retroactive accounting is always activated when a Master data infotype is updated and it’s From date is in the past.

120. To access Payroll Accounting, choose – Payroll – Payroll’. Which following menu options can be found in this menu? Note: More than one answer is correct.

a. Start payrollb. Exist payrollc. Delete payrolld. Simulate

121. Which of the following statements are true? Note: More than one answer is correct.a. The earliest retroactive accounting limit for an employee is the entry dateb. Personnel numbers are only selected for payroll run if they belong to a payroll

accounting areas that has previously been releasedc. Employees that are incorrect in the payroll run can be identified in the control recordd. An employee can move from one payroll accounting are to another at any time.

122. The connection between groups of employees and running the payroll is:a. Payroll schemeb. Permissibility of wage type by groupingsc. Employee subgroups for personnel calculation rulesd. Payroll areae. None of the above.

123. In Payroll Accounting identify key topics when configuring a company’s payroll system. Note: More than one answer is correct.

a. Definition of wage typesb. Wage type generationc. Personnel calculation rulesd. Valuation of wage types

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e. None of the above.124. Wage types can be evaluated using: Note more than one answer is correct.

a. Constant valuation basesb. Averagesc. During the payroll processd. Indirect valuation modules

125. Which system message appears if you want to change an infotype relevant to reactive accounting and the start date for this infotype lies before the earliest retroactive accounting limit?

a. Error: Change too far in payroll pastb. Info: Change has been madec. Warning: Change has been maded. No message appears.

126. Which values are used to determine the reactive accounting limit? Note: More than one answer is correct.

a. Personnel control record: “Earliest retroactive accounting period”b. Infotype 0002 (Personal Data): “Birth date”c. Hiring date of the employeed. Infotype 0003 (Payroll status): “Earliest personal retroactive accounting date”:e. Infotype 0001 (Organizational assignment): “From date”

127. Where can you set the earliest retroactive accounting date for an employee?a. Infotype 0002 (Personal data)b. Infotype 0003 (Payroll status)c. Personnel Control Recordd. Infotype 0001 (Organizational assignment).

128. How can features be used in HR? Note: More than one answer is correct.a. To see default values for mass data infotypesb. To control the display of country-specific infotype screensc. To start the payroll run for groups personnel numbers from different countriesd. To define SAP office mail options to be used when master data infotypes are updated.

129. When creating a new infotype 0008 (Basic pay) record, which default value can be determined from assignment to personnel subarea or from feature TARIF? Note: More than one answer is correct.

a. Pay scale type from its assignment to personnel subareab. Pay scale group from its assignment to feature TARIFc. Pay scale area from its assignment to personnel subaread. Pay scale level from its assignment to feature TARIF.

130. Identify the correct statements: Note: More than one answer is correct.a. All employee who are paid at the same time for the same period can be assigned to the

same payroll accounting areab. A default value for payroll accounting area in the personal data infotype (0002) can be

defined in the decision tree of feature ABKRS

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c. Employees assigned to different personnel areas have to be assigned to different payroll accounting area

d. The current payroll period is determined using a payroll control record that stores the last period accounted and/to the next period to be accounted.

131. What is checked by the system when a work schedule rule is entered in the Planned Working Time infotype (0007)? Note: more than one answer is correct.

a. Employee subgroup grouping for absence and attendanceb. Employee subgroup grouping for the work schedulec. Personnel subarea grouping for work scheduled. The public holiday calendare. Personnel subarea grouping for absences and attendances.

132. Substitution in the HR system involves either working times that differ from those specified n the personnel work schedule, or different payment for performing actions. There is Substitution infotype (2003) for entering this type of exception. Which substitution can be entered in this infotype?

a. Substitution with individually defined work schedule (Time substitution)b. Substitution with different defined work schedulec. Substitution with individually defined work ruled. Substitution with different position.

133. What infotype is checked to ascertain whether a monthly work schedule is permitted for an employee?

a. Planned Working Time (0007)b. Basic Pay (0008)c. Organizational assignment (0001)d. Absence quota (2006)e. Payroll status (0003).

134. Which is not a valid statement about what Time Evaluation allows you to do?a. You can evaluate and compensate planned and active time specificationsb. You can diagnose error c. You can calculate time balances which are cumulated daily and periodicallyd. You can generate time wages types automaticallye. You can track cost allocation of individual time recording.

135. Which statements are true? Note: More than one answer is correct.a. Work schedules require a public holiday calendarb. A monthly work schedule is assigned to an employee via the work schedule rule in the

Organizational assignment infotype (0001)c. The monthly schedule is based on the period work scheduled. An employee can be assigned to more than one work schedule at the same time.

136. Which feature is used to default the work schedule in infotype in 0007 in Time Management?

a. ABKRSb. VTART

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c. SCHKZd. LGMSTe. None of the above.

137. Which statements are correct? Note: More than one answer is correct?a. Monthly work schedules are generated from the work schedule ruleb. Daily work schedules are used to represent the variety of different working time models

in an enterprisec. A daily work schedule variant is a daily work schedule that differs only slightly from the

regular daily work schedule138. How do you specify which employees take part in Time Evaluation?

a. In the Time Management field in the Actions infotype (0000)b. A fixed assignment doesn’t exist. You can do Time Evaluation for anyone c. In the Time Management status field in the Planned Working Time infotype (0007)d. In the Time Management status field in the Organizational assignment infotype (0001)

139. Which statements on wage types are true? Note: More than one answer is correct.a. Time wage type can be generated in Time Evaluation (RPTIME00)b. Time wage type can be generated in Payroll accounting (RPCALCX0)c. Time wage type can be created and evaluated in Time Evaluation (RPTIME00)d. Time wage type is evaluated in Payroll Accounting (RPCALCX0).

140. Which infotypes are required to carry out Time Evaluation? Note: More than one answer is correct?

a. Basic Pay (0008)b. Date specifications (0041)c. Personal data (0002)d. Organizational assignment (0001)

141. Employee sub grouping are defined for:-a. Work scheduleb. Time quotasc. Daily work scheduled. Absence and attendance types.

142. The quota selection rule group is defaulted using feature QUOMO:a. Trueb. False.

143. Work schedule specifications are stored in which of the following levels:-a. Monthly levelb. Hourly levelc. Weekly leveld. Daily level.

144. True or False:a. The smallest unit of work schedule is the daily work scheduleb. Daily work schedule contains information about the individual work day, including break

times and alternative versions of the daily work schedule

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c. Break schedules can only be assigned to one daily work scheduled. One can indicate whether or not overtime is permitted in daily work schedulee. Daily work schedule class and day type have the same meaningf. A variant rule may contain several sub rules.

145. Which of the following describes the purposes of the day types?a. Day types determine which day of the week it isb. Day types determine whether or not overtime hours need to be paid on weekends and

public holidaysc. Day types determine whether employees have to on public holidays and whether they

are still paid on these days.146. Which is of the following are correct as far as work schedules are concerned?

a. Several work schedules rules can be based on one period work scheduleb. The public holiday calendar is taken into account when generating the work schedulec. The data stored in the Organizational assignment infotype (0001) determines whether a

monthly work schedule is permitted for a certain employeed. The monthly work schedule can only be generated if all the required grouping have

been set and the work schedule rule has been definede. A monthly work schedule generated from January to December of a specific year must

also include December of the previous year and January of the subsequent year.147. Which of the options below allow part-time working provision to be set for part-time

workers in the industry?a. Making use of the Dynamic Daily Work Schedule function to set variable working time,

by entering Min and Max working hoursb. By reducing the employee’s basic salary by the required percentagec. Creating separate work schedule rules catering for fewer hours or daysd. Set the employment percentage as well as working hours/day, week, month and year in

infotype 0007148. Specify which of the following are TRUE.

a. Attendances are unpaid planned work times that are workedb. Absences are either paid or unpaid planned work times that are not workedc. Attendances in Personnel Time Management are times in which employees are not at

their usual work centre at work, but are still working at the enterprised. Absences and attendances quota is a limited time – based entitlement for an employee.

149. Which of the following substitution methods/types are valid for infotype 2003?a. Default positionb. Different payroll areac. By personnel numberd. Different work schedule rulee. By position

150. Which of the following are catered for in Deduction rules for absences/attendances quota types?

a. The unit of measure hours/days

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b. Conditions to be checked for the current dayc. Employee subgroup grouping and personnel subarea grouping for time quotasd. Deduction priority

151. Which of the following are checked in the counting rules for absence/attendances?a. Conditions for planned hoursb. Conditions for work schedulec. Quota sequence for the next deductiond. Conditions for the current day.

152. Mark the FALSE entries below:a. Overtime describes work hours that an employee performs inside his/her daily schedule

hoursb. Time quotas can be specified for daysc. Absence/attendance type are identified with four digits as opposed to the two digits for

the quota types’153. Select the statements that are correct:

a. Infotype menus and Personnel actions are configurable and can be defined as User group dependent

b. The system used the Reference User group to determines the menu layout if the infotype menu does not contain an entry for the User groups

c. Actions are a list of infotypes to allow maintenance to be carried out on, when making use of transaction code PA30, Maintain HR Master data

d. The Personnel action attributes define whether or not an employee’s organizational assignment and status indicators are allowed to be changed, when executing an action

e. The Additional actions infotype0302 has time constraint 1 which means that one can only have one valid infotype 0302 record in the system.

154. Which of the following are TRUE with regard to Dynamic Actions?a. It controls which activities are triggered when an infotype record is maintainedb. It can be used for applications, Personnel administration and Recruitmentc. The maintenance operation ‘06’ allows an activity to be carried out when the infotype

record is deletedd. To make use of the activity ‘M’ – Send mail, the administrator’s name, SAP user names

for administrator must existe. Can be triggered by an infotype, subtype or infotype field.

155. Which of the following is NOT a valid action in Dynamic actions?a. P – Plausibilityb. M- Send mailc. I- Infotype maintenanced. F- Call routinee. Edit infotype

156. Which of the following allows one to customize an infotype user interface? More than one answer is correct:

a. Screen headers

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b. Dynamic actionsc. Featuresd. Infotype menue. Screen modifications.

157. Select the statements that are TRUE when dealing with Screen headers: (More than on answer is correct)

a. Only the first three lines on single and list screen can be customizedb. It is not necessary to regenerate headers if changes have been made to the Header

tablesc. Each screen header is assigned a modifier, which depends on the transaction class ‘A –

Personnel Administration’ and ‘B – Recruitment’d. Headers must be regenerated after maintenance level upgradese. A photo can be incorporated into the screen header.

158. Which of the following statements are FALSE?a. The authorizations concepts allows one to define access rights and then assign these

rights to usersb. The authorizations requires for a certain task area in a company are grouped in an

authorizations profilec. Authorizations object is made up of a maximum five authorization fieldsd. The authorizations profile and authorizations are only found in the active version of the

SAP system159. Which of the following statements that follow are correct with regard to authorization

objects? (More than one answer is correct.)a. Several authorization objects, are checked by the system in ‘OR’ linksb. The field defined in the object checked in ‘AND’ linksc. Fields like infotypes, personnel subareas, employee groups and employee subgroups,

are grouped in the object, ‘HR Master data’d. The authorizations for Human Resources are maintained in the object class HRe. The HR: Extended Master data check, is the most important object in Human Resources.

160. Which of the following are advantages of the Profile Generator OVEP that of the Manual procedure

a. Automatically generates authorization profileb. Maintenance of authorization and profiles are made easierc. Authorization profiles are only created once the administrator has chose the

transactions that the users require, thereby ensuring that unwanted objects are not included in the profiles

d. Transaction codes are automatically selected as a result of creating the Role Menu.161. Which of the options listed below covers or describes the term Payroll Accounting?

a. The post Payroll activities such as transferring payroll results to Finance, reconciliation and reporting

b. The proportional calculation of periodical remuneration also called, ‘Factoring’c. The classification of recorded personnel times and to evaluate them automatically

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d. An umbrella term for performing a variety of work processes like creating payroll results, remuneration statements and to calculate remuneration for work performed by individual employees.

162. Which of the following are TRUE for Retroactive accounting?a. Because of automatic retroactive accounting recognition in the R/3 system, it does not

allow one to change the Payroll results directlyb. No maintenance is allowed for infotypes for accounting periods that have been

completed and exitedc. The ‘Earliest Master data Change’ field in infotype 0003, Payroll status, is set to the

earliest date when changes can be made to, in the payroll pastd. Retroactive account relevance can be defined for an infotype or infotype field.

163. Which of the following changes in employee data can trigger Retroactive accounting for periods that have already been accounted?

a. Qualification infotype 0024b. Cost centrec. Payments and deductionsd. Future increases in Basic Pay, infotype 0008.

164. Select the FALSE statement below: Only ONE should be selected.a. The exact start and date of the payroll periods must be defined for Payroll areasb. Payroll period determines the periods for which a payroll result is createdc. Payroll period is used to group employees, for whom Payroll accounting is performed at

the same timed. Payroll periods are generated, allowing them to be linked with time units attached to

appropriate period parameters or modifiers.165. The Control record performs the following functions in Payroll accounting:

a. Defines the payroll past for retroactive accounting recognitionb. Locks Master and Time data so no changes can be made during the payroll process for

past and present/current datac. Co-ordinates the different stages of payroll accounting processd. Keeps track of the terminated employees in each payroll run, that is, match code ‘W’ is

set for each number.166. Which of the following fields are automatically updated by the SAP system for infotype

0003 (Payroll status)?a. Earliest personnel retroactive accounting dateb. The Payroll correction indicatorc. Accounting To fieldd. Run Payroll un to, which is used if an employee, have not been concludede. Personnel Number locked indicator.

167. Which of the following values is retroactive accounting based on?a. Employee hiring dateb. Per Payroll periodc. Payroll control record

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d. Payroll status infotype168. Which of the following are TRUE for the posting to Payroll results to the FI/CO module?

a. Can only be performed after a successful payroll run and takes place once for each payroll period

b. The Cost accounting department are interested in the flow of payments and to provide the necessary financial resources, while the Financial accounting department need to know where the costs arise so that budget can be controlled

c. The posting run flags employee payroll result to ensure that duplicate runs cannot be posted

d. Document numbers are generated for the transactions and each step in the posting process is controlled via Status codes

e. In an integrated system, the Financial Accounting document can only be accessed via the Finance module.

169. Which of the following need to be done to obtain a successful bank transfer?a. The Bank Details infotype 0009, must be present for an employee to determine whether

a cheque or bank transfer is generated b. The preliminary DME (Date Medium Exchange) programme must be executed to extract

data from the data based PCL1, cluster B1c. The temporary file holding the extracted bank details, must be in the format required by

the specific banking regulations of the countryd. The unique identification number generated by the preliminary programme, together

with the correct date must be used in the final DME.170. Which of the following are TRUE?

a. Payroll accounting, processes each employee one at a timeb. Individual valuations bases for hourly wage, the calculation step, ‘Division by Working

hours per period’ is mandatory on order to determine the hourly rate as that overtime pay can be calculated

c. Factoring refers to the Proportions calculation of periodical remunerationd. The payroll area may be changed during a payroll period as often as requirede. When an employee leaves the company, all pay related infotypes must be delimited to

ensure that no pay related information is delimited to ensure that no pay is generated in the terminated period.

f. Select ONE statement below that best describes the main objects of Time Evaluation.g. The evaluation component accesses the time wage types determined by payroll

accounting, to form the basis for gross payroll of employeesh. A type of remuneration whereby, the employee is paid for attending work, irrespective

of the amount that he/she producesi. To check and classify the recorded personnel times and to valuate then automatically,

with focus on the management of time accounts and formation of wage types determining gross wages in Payroll accounting

j. To pay employees.

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k. If a time recording system is used when working with time evaluation, which of the following infotypes MUST be maintained

l. Basic Pay (0008)m. Personal data (0002)n. Time Recording information (0050)o. Organizational assignment (0001)p. Planned Working Time (0007)q. Which time management status indicates that Time Management data is processed in

R/3 Payroll accounting, instead of using the Time evaluation driver?r. Evaluation of times (1)s. Evaluation planned times (2)t. No time evaluation (0)u. PDC time evaluation (2).

171. Which of the following are TRUE with regards to Time events?a. Time events can be recorded manually using IT2011b. Time events are clocking in and clocking out entries which are recorded electronically at

time recording terminals using a time recording ID cardc. The ‘Previous day’ indicator allocates the time event to the day to which it logically

belongs, that is, the current or previous dayd. All the above.

172. Which statement(s) is NOT true with regard to Time evaluation?a. Time evaluation is carried out by the Time evaluation driver (RPTIME00)b. It is recommended to run Time evaluation overnight on daily basisc. Time evaluation can be processed for planned or actual timesd. Time evaluation can be run using schemas TM00, TM04, or TQT4e. Time evaluation cannot allocate quota

173. Which of the following statements best describes Asymmetrical authorizations?a. Both authorization profiles are identicalb. One profile contains the lock authorizations (E) and the other contains the unlock

authorization level (D)c. Two profiles are created with the same authorizations using the authorization level (S) d. Only one person is required for data entry.e. Which of the following statements is true regarding Payroll posting to Accounting?f. Use the ‘T’ to process a simulation run which will create documentsg. The simulation run can be posted to Accountingh. A ‘live’ run is processed using the ‘P’ indicator and creates documents as well as

checking that HR/FI records exist and balancei. A posting run that has been posted to FI/CO cannot be reversed.

174. Pay scale reclassification refers to:a. A change in pay scale groups and levels for employees based on Master datab. A change in wage types based on hours workedc. Increasing the values in the pay scale tables

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d. Creating a new infotype 0008 record using an enhanced pay increasee. A dynamic pay increase.

175. How can user levels be controlled? More than one answer is correct.a. System viewb. Controlling viewc. Tracking changesd. Controlling access.e. Features can be maintained using transaction PE02 and accessing IMG menu paths? f. Trueg. Falseh. The following are valid break points used in the payroll process model: (More than one

answer is correct).i. A waypoint that requires interventionj. Conditional based on the number of records processedk. Unconditional point where the programme will stop regardless of errorsl. Variable based on a function modulem. Break points based on programme errors.

176. A project IMG has two icons which are:a. IMG activityb. Project documentationc. Activity documentationd. Project managemente. Project mandatory and critical items.f. Feature NUMKR uses number ranges and information from infotype 0001 to default

personnel numbers:g. Trueh. False.

177. Which of the following statements are correct?a. LGMST has a return value that determines the maximum number of enterable wage

types in infotypes 0008 and reads the wage type modelb. Default pay scale data is determined using module TARIFc. Screen headers are determined using feature Pnnnnd. The work schedule rule can be defaulted for Planned Working Time using feature ZLSCH.e. When using the HR Master data extended check in HR authorizations, the following

statement is incorrect:f. The authorization object is P_ORGXX and deactivated in the delivered systemg. The fields SACHA, SACHP, SACHZ and SBMOD are filled from infotype 0001h. The object is always checked when validating authorizationsi. This object cannot be used with P_ORGIN.j. Which of the following statements regarding infotype menus and action menus are

correct? More than one answer is correct.

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k. An action menu is a collection of personnel actions presented to the user according to his/her group

l. An action menu is used to configure Dynamic actionsm. An infotypes menu defines which infotype a user is authorized to maintainn. An infotype menu is a list of infotypes presented to the user.o. In Master data maintenance, the following options are available in the Utilities menu:

More than one answer is correct.p. Delete personnel numberq. Restart a Personnel actionr. Change payroll statuss. Change entry/leaving datet. Absence quotas.u. Which of the following Time recording options are available in SAP Time Management?

More than one answer is correct.v. Employee Self Servicew. Time Manager’s Workplacex. Clock in/clock out using a WAP enabled phoney. Flextime sheetz. Infotype maintenance.

178. Which of the following is NOT an element that does not define a feature?a. The person responsibleb. Administrative date for the featurec. Documentationd. Feature maintenance.

179. A payroll period is defined as the period for which a payroll result is created.a. Trueb. False.

180. Which of the following items is NOT contained in the payroll log?a. General datab. Successful employee numbersc. Rejectionsd. Messagese. Control record.f. Advance payments can be made using the following options. Which of the statement is

incorrect?g. After the first payroll run. A pre-programme DME can be processed; the flag for

transfers must be set. The balance of the payment is made after the second payroll runh. Advance payment can be made without running a payroll, paying directly from infotypes

0008, 0014 and 0015.i. Advance payments can be made using an off-cycle payroll runj. Advance payments can be processed in SAP.

181. The following are valid public holidays in SAP: More than one answer is correct.

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a. A movable holidayb. Distance to Christmasc. Fixed day from dated. Fixed date e. Special days.f. Which of the following are contained in the SAP Reference IMG? More than one answer

is correct.g. All documentation required to implement a specific applicationh. Project documentationi. Status managementj. User master recordsk. IMG activities.

182. There are three levels of the IMG. Which of the following is TRUE?a. SAP Reference IMGb. Project viewc. Data Entry profiled. Enterprise IMGe. Project IMG.

183. Which of the following statements are FALSE? More than one answer is correct.a. Only the Active Plan version can be used in Organizational Management reportingb. The PLOGI entry defines the default payroll areac. The PLOGI ORGA entry in table T77S0 activates integration between OM and PAd. The PLOGI feature can be used in conjunction with the PLOGI ORGA active entry to

restrict integration to different groups of employees.e. In the number range setup for Plan version, the subgroup $$S, stands for? Select only

ONE.f. All number ranges not listed explicitlyg. External number assignment for object type ‘S’ in all Plan versionsh. Number assignment for object ‘S’ in all Plan versionsi. All are falsej. All are true.

184. Highlight the true statement below:a. Relationships are special subtype of the Relationship infotypeb. All infotypes must have subtype assigned to themc. Each relationship between internal objects have two directions, indicated by ‘A’

meaning ‘Top Down’ and ‘B’ meaning ‘Bottom Up’d. Relationships in the customer namespace must with a numeric character.e. Which of the following are valid relationships between the objects listed? More than

one answer is correct.f. C B007 Tg. S A008 Ph. O B002 O

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i. O B002 Sj. S B002 S

185. True or False:a. Characteristics can be assigned to relationships for example weightingsb. When creating an object, the essence relationship must be definedc. All relationships are stored in table HRRP1001d. Time constraints are assigned to relationships and can be dependent on the target

object typee. Objects can only be created in the planned status.f. Which of the following is not a valid user interface for maintaining organization

management objects/infotypes?g. Simple maintenance for creating large structuresh. Organisation and staffing for day to day maintenancei. Manager’s Desktop for maintenancej. Expert mode: infotype maintenancek. Dynamic organization menu.l. There are three ways to plan organizational changes in SAP. Which of the following is

NOT one of these options?m. Planning status for objects and infotypesn. Validity periodso. Account assignmentp. Plan versions.q. Information regarding planned compensation can be stored on the following infotype:r. 1001s. 1002t. 1003u. 1004v. 1005.

186. True or False:a. Vacant positions can be marked obsoleteb. Cost centres are assigned to organizational units in infotype 1008c. Quota planning can be calculated using FTE’sd. Actions can set up to create objectse. The work schedule stored in infotype 1011 can be defaulted into infotype 0007 on a

Hiring action.187. Which of the following are prerequisite for MSS or MDT?

a. A valid organization structureb. The manager must be a person in the systemc. The Communication infotype 0105 and subtype 0001 must be maintainedd. The manager must in chief position.

188. What is the purpose of the ‘Evaluation path’ in Human Resources?a. To determine the order in which infotypes are proposed by the R/3 system for editing

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b. To assign employee groups to working time groupsc. To enable one to report on structural information in Organizational Managementd. To set up the path to allows the connection an electronic communication system within

SAP R/3189. Which of the following statements are TRUE?

a. Data transfer from HR PA – OM using RHINTE00 allows all relationships be createdb. Report RHINTE30 data transfer from OM – PA can be run even though the integration

between OM and PA is not activec. Report RHINTE20 is used on an ongoing basis to check consistency between PA and OMd. Report RHINTE10 can be used to create entries in PA from OM.e. Which reporting functions are provided in the Human Resources Information System?

More than one answer is correct.f. HIS which allows reporting using structural graphicsg. Manager’s desktoph. The Report tree allows access to standard SAP report as well as customer defined

reports, via hierarchical structuresi. Ad hoc query, allowing one to create reports on Human Resources data simply and

efficientlyj. Business Information Warehouse.k. What are the recommended steps when creating an infoset? More than one answer

is correct. l. Assign infoset to user group(s)m. Create user groupsn. Create and generate an infoseto. Select a logical databasep. Create local fields.

190. Which of the following are FALSE for user groups?a. User groups can only be assigned one infosetb. User can be assigned to several user groupsc. Every user in a particular user group can execute the querys that belong to another user

groupd. User cannot change querys that belong to another group.

191. Which of the following are TRUE regarding Ad hoc query?a. Can be used for both HR Master data and Payroll resultsb. Complex querys can be created using set operationsc. Local fields can be created for use within an ad hoc queryd. Only fields that have been assigned to the field group in the infoset are available for

reporting.192. True or False:

a. The new query generator in logical database PNPCE provides 2 switches: general for the infoset and infotype specific

b. The logical database PNP is no longer used or supported by SAP

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c. A logical database is a view of the database of tapesd. PNPCE is an enhancement of PNP and incorporates changes for Concurrent employmente. When creating queries in the standard area, the queries can be used in all clients.

193. Which of the following statements is true regarding payroll infotypes?a. They are used for reporting payroll resultsb. Must be filled using a reportc. Must not be generatedd. Can be created using dialog or primary wage types directly in the infotypese. Can be maintained in PA30.f. The following are simulated Time Management infotypes: More than one answer is

correct. 2500 Personal work schedule times

g. 2501 Employee timesh. 2502 Quota transactioni. 2503 Weekly time sheet.

*************************************************************************************

The HR authorizations are different from other authorizations in the following ways:

Protect sensitive data

Data in Human Resource application components is more sensitive than data in other applications. For legal and company reasons, this data must be protected from unauthorized access.

Technical differences

Because HR authorizations protect sensitive data from unauthorized access, they cannot be deactivated using transactions SU22 "Authorization Object Usage in Transactions" and SU24 "Authorization Object Check Under Transactions."

The names of all HR authorization objects start with P.

Time-dependency

Authorizations in the Human Resources (HR) component depend on the organizational assignment, among other things. Organizational assignments are time-dependent. If employees are transferred, for example, their organizational assignment can change. Therefore, HR authorization checks are time-dependent.

Staging for New Terms (CTS only!) (STAGING)

The systematic process of discovering and analyzing important human performance gaps, planning for future improvements in human performance, designing and developing cost-effective and ethically justifiable interventions to close performance

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gaps, implementing the interventions, and evaluating the financial and non-financial results.