HRD: Conceptual Frameworks

Human Resource Management

Overview

• Concept of HRD• Evolution of the concept of HRD• Objectives• Characteristics• HRD as a total system• Functions of HRD• HRD & Personnel Management

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Concept of HRD

Human Resource Development is a positive concept. It is based on the belief that an investment in human beings is necessary and will invariably bring in substantial benefits to the organization. It aims at overall development of the human resource in order to contribute to the well being of the individual, organization and the society at large.

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Concept of HRD

It is rooted in the belief that human beings have the potential to do better. It places a premium on the dignity and tremendous latent energy of people. Where balance sheets show people on the debit side, HRD seeks to show them as assets on the credit side.

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HRD – A Humanistic Concept• People can do better; they can do wonders.• Involve them, trust them, empower them.• Focus on their strengths & help them

overcome their weaknesses.• Integrate the needs & aspirations of

individuals into the strategic goals of the organization for better results.

• Encourage individual initiative.

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Evolution of the Concept of HRD• The commodity concept – labour to be bought

and sold, wages based on demand and supply, no governmental protection to the labour

• The factor of production concept – like money, material, land etc. Workers are like tools.

• The goodwill concept – welfare measures like safety, lunchroom, first-aid etc. introduced

• Paternalism – management assumes fatherly responsibilities & protective attitude

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Evolution of the Concept of HRD• Humanitarian concept – physical, social and

psychological needs of the workers are met• The human resource concept – most valuable

assets; conscious effort by the organization for their needs and aspirations to be satisfied

• The emerging concept – employees must be accepted as partners (decision-making, empowerment); must be provided opportunities for growth & self-fulfillment

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Objectives of HRDHRD aims at developing:1. The capabilities of each employee as an

individual2. The capabilities of each individual in relation to

his or her present role3. The capabilities of each employee in relation to

his or her expected future role(s)4. The dyadic relationship between each employee

and his employer8

continued…

5. The team spirit and functioning in every unit6. Collaboration among different units of the

organization7. The organization's overall health and self-

renewing capabilities

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Characteristics of HRD It is a process by which the employees of an

organization are helped to help themselves.1.HRD is a system with several interdependent

parts (procurement, appraisal, development).2.It is a planned, systematic and continuous

process of development.3.It involves development of competencies at 4

levels – individual, interpersonal, group and organizational levels.

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Characteristics of HRD

4. HRD is an interdisciplinary concept, borrowing ideas, principles, concepts and practices from psychology, anthropology, political science, sociology, economics etc.

5. HRD improves quality of life by not only giving the employees meaningful and challenging work but also by implementing various employee welfare policies.

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HRD as a Total System• Performance appraisal• Potential appraisal• Training & development• Organization development• Career planning• Rewards• Employee welfare & quality of work life• Human resource information system

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Performance & Potential Appraisal

• Evaluating performance• Performance targets

are set.• Actual performance is

measured objectively and accurately.

• Picture of current and past performance through appropriate methods

• Evaluating potential• Latent talents are

explored.• Assessment of future

roles that can be assigned

• Picture of abilities to assume challenging responsibilities through appropriate methods

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T & D and OD• Training is a learning

experience designed for permanent change in individual that will improve his abilities.

• Development is a future-oriented training process focusing on the personal growth of the employee.

• OD is a planned change effort on an entire org or on a large subsystem.

• Change agent is usually a third party well versed in behavioral sciences.

• The change agent studies the psychological climate before charting a course of action.

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Career Planning & Rewards• A career is a sequence of

positions held by a person in the course of a lifetime.

• CP does not guarantee success but without it employees are rarely able to encash various opportunities that come their way.

• Intrinsic rewards come from the job itself such as feeling of pride and achievement.

• Extrinsic rewards are pay, promotions, increments and benefits.

• Rewards should have external, internal and individual parity.

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Thanks!

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