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Communication Theories are Supported by Research
• Notice how Julia Wood cites her sources throughout Communication in our Lives.
• She uses the APA, American Psychological Association’s method of citation as most communication scholars doing social scientific research in the field do.
Understanding Citations
• “Mead (1934)” refers to a work by Mead written in 1934.
• “(Mead, 1934, p. 10) refers to citing page 10 of Mead’s 1934 work.
• Full bibliographic citations for all works are found at the end of the text.
• Use these models as you begin your research into communication.
Personal Values of Communication
• How we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.
• Communication affects our identity and our physical well-being.
• Healthy interaction with others is important to our physical and mental health.
Communication is a Foundation of Relationships
• We build connections with others by: Revealing our private identities Listening to learn about others Working out problems Remembering shared history Planning a future
• Communication creates relationships that last.
What Employers are Looking for in College Graduates:
1. Oral Communication
2. Interpersonal
3. Analytical
4. Teamwork
5. Flexibility
6. Computer
7. Proficiency in Field
8. Written Communication
9. Leadership
10. Work Experience
Source: Job Outlook 97, a survey conducted by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, 1996.
Breadth of Communication
• Intrapersonal Self-Talk
• Interpersonal
• Group
• Public
• Media and New Technologies
• Organizational
• Intercultural
• Ethics
Communication Skills Affect Professional Success
• 79% of NYC executives ranked the ability to express ideas well verbally as the most important qualification in hiring and promoting employees.
• Health care professionals need communication skills.
• Technical jobs need communication skills to explain technical ideas.
Cultural Values
• Citizens in a democracy must be able to express ideas and evaluate others’ ideas.
• Friends need to listen sensitively, express empathy and provide support.
• Neighbors need social skills to interact pleasantly.
• Civic and social life depend on listening to a range of perspectives.
Communication Defined
Communication is a systemic process in which people interact with and
through symbols to create and interpret meanings.
Features of Communication
• Communication is a process - it is on going and changing continuously.
• We communicate through symbols. Anything that abstractly signifies
something else can be a symbol. All language, nonverbal behaviors, art,
and music are symbols.
Meanings
• The content level of meaning is the literal message.
• The relationship level of meaning expresses the relationship between communicators.
In communication symbols are used to create meanings.
Linear Model of Communication
NoiseSourceNoise
Source
Information Source
MessageTransmitter Signal Received Signal
Receiver Message Destination
Message Receiver Sender
Interactive Model of Communication
Message
Decoder ReceiverEncoder
Feedback
EncoderSource
Decoder
Fieldof
Experience
Transactional Model
Communicator A’sField of Experience
Communicator B’sField of Experience
SharedField of
ExperienceNoise
SocialSystems
Time1
Time2
Time3
SymbolicInteractions Over Time
The Communication Continuum
Interpersonal Impersonal
It You Thou
Impersonal Interpersonal
Careers in Communication
• Research
• Education
• Training and Consulting
• Human Relations and Management
Experiencing Communication in our Lives . . .
View the following speech and then answer the questions that follow based on material presented in Chapter 1. A manuscript of the speech can be found in your text
at the end of Chapter 1.
Wad
swor
th T
hom
son:
Woo
d S
cena
rios
1. Does Mona’s speech give you a sense of who she is?
2. Did Mona’s introduction catch your attention and give you a road map of what she would cover in her speech?
3. How did Mona create identification between herself and listeners?
4. How did examples add to the speech?
5. How was the quotation from Sasha effective?
6. Did Mona’s conclusion create closure by returning to the theme of her introduction?
