Department of Mathematics and Science

Human Body Organs and Functions2014

What is the heart’s function? Let’s sing Heart and Blood and find out

Sung to “The Ants Go Marching One by One”

The heart is pumping blood for us,Hurrah, hurrah!The heart’s a muscle, fabulous,Hurrah, hurrah!The heart is pumping blood for us,It pumps all day without a fuss,And the blood goes roundBecause of our pumping heart!

The blood supplies us oxygen,Hurrah, hurrah!It’s what our body needs to run,Hurrah, hurrah!The blood supplies us oxygen,]And that’s a need for everyone, And the blood goes roundBecause of our pumping heart!

Let’s watch Introducing the Human Heart How does the heart work?

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Explain: What does your heart do for your body?

The heart is a muscle-powered pump moving blood throughout the body.

Blood leaves the left side of your heart and travels through blood vessels called arteries, which gradually branch out into smaller vessels called capillaries.

Inside the capillaries in the lungs, an oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange occurs and in the intestines, a nutrient-waste exchange occurs.

This oxygen-poor blood then travels in veins back to the right side of your heart, and the whole process begins again.

Did you know it takes less than 60 seconds to pump blood into every cell in your body.

Department of Mathematics and Science

A Look at the Lungs Breathing

Breathe in!Breathe out!Breathe in!Breathe out!

All dayAir goesIn your lungs,Out your nose.

Inhale!Exhale!Inhale!Exhale!

Wide awake,Fast asleep,Day and night,You keep

Breathing in,Breathing out.You don’t evenThink about

Breathing in,Breathing free.BreatheInvoluntarily!

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Skin

What covers my arms, legs, and chin?Skin!What protects each ankle and shin?Skin!What’s layered so it isn’t too thin?Skin!What helps keep my body parts in?Skin!What stretches whenever I grin?Skin!

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What does our Skin do for us?

• Protects your other organs and tissues.

• Helps maintain a stable body temperature.

• Water and wastes leave your skin in perspirations.

• Structures such as hair and sensory organs are contained in the skin.

What’s special about the skin when compared to all other organs?It’s the largest organ in your body.

Sensory Organs ExplorationJust below the outer layer of the skin we have sense organs that respond to pressure, pain, and temperature. There are two types of temperature receptors:

•Hot receptors respond to things hotter than our skin.

• Cold receptors respond to things colder than our skin.

They are clustered together in hot spots and cold spots.

While a thermometer can tell us the exact temperature of something. We can only compare the temperature of our skin.

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Sensory OrgansOur body uses our sensory organs to recognize a change outside or inside the body called a stimulus. Special cells in the nervous system called neurons carry messages to and from the brain and spinal cord. Sensory neurons detect a stimulus. Then additionalneurons carry the message to the spinal cord and brain. The brain interprets the information and decides on an action. The message is carried back to the motor neurons. They direct the muscles to carry out a response. All of this happens in a fraction of a second. This is measured as reaction time.

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Digestion

Chomp, chomp! Chew, chew!When you eat, what do you do?Chomp, chomp! Chew, chew!Till it’s time to swallow.

Gulp, gulp! Swallow, swallow!Down into the stomach hollow.Gulp, gulp! Swallow, swallow!There the food is stored.

Mix, mix! Churn, churn!Juices mix as muscles turn.Mix, mix! Churn, churn!The food is breaking down!

Sugar, starch, protein, fat,Your body uses all of that.Sugar, starch, protein, fat,That your food provides!

That’s the process.One last question:What this process called?Digestion!

Now let’s view:

The Digestive Systemhttp://kidshealth.org/PageManager.jsp?lic=1&article_set=59299&cat_id=20607

Department of Mathematics and Science

Bones (Sung to “Home on the Range”)

Oh, give me some bonesThat are sturdy as stones.That connect from my head to my toes.My bones help me out,Help my body about,They protect it wherever it goes!

Chorus:Bones, bones hard and strong,All connected so nothing goes wrong.My bones help me out,Help my body about,Bones protect me as I go along.

The bones in my spineHelp me out,Help my body about,Bones protect me as I go along!

Chorus:Bones, bones hard and strong,All connected so nothing goes wrong.My bones help me out,Help my body about,Bones protect me as I go along.

Department of Mathematics and Science

Bones and MusclesWhat do they do?

Bones

• Support your body.• Protect your vital

organs.• Store minerals like

calcium. • Produce red blood cells.• Attach muscles. • Come in different sizes

and shapes.

Muscles

• Move your body.• Make your heart beat and

pump blood through out the body.

• Let you breathe, cough and sneeze.

• Move food through your digestive system.

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Why Are Muscles Important to the Body?

Without muscles, you couldn’t move. Muscles have other functions besides movement. Muscle is what causes your heart to beat so blood can be pumped all through your body. Organs inside your body sometimes need to move. Blood vessels have to change their shape. These movements are caused by muscles.

Department of Mathematics and Science

What Are the Two Main Types of Muscles?

Muscles that you have to think about using are called voluntary muscles. For example, your brain sends signals to muscles in your legs before you kick a soccer ball.

How often do you decide to make your heart beat? You can’t! Your heart muscle beats without you thinking about it. Muscles that work without you thinking about them are called involuntary muscles.

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Concept Review: Muscular System

1. Why are muscles important to the body?Answer: Muscles are important because the provide movement for the body.

2. What are the two main types of muscles?Answer: The two main types of muscles are voluntary and involuntary.

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3. How are muscles different throughout the body?

Answer: Different parts of the body have different types of muscles. Some muscles are attached to bones with tendons, and other muscles are within organs and help them function.

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Evaluate

1. Your _________________ tells your body what to do.

2. ________________ work with your bones to help you move.

3. Your ______________ pumps blood throughout your body.

4. ________________ react to a stimulus such as temperature.

5. ________________ produces enzymes necessary for digestion.

Word Bank

brain heart lungs muscles pancreas sensory organs

Department of Mathematics and Science

Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1

1) What is the purpose of the pancreas?

A. mixing blood and oxygen B. removing excess fluids from the body C. storing large quantities of blood, minerals

and vitamins D. helping with digestion by secreting enzymes

to process sugars

Department of Mathematics and Science

Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1

2. What is the purpose of the small intestine in the human body?

A. combines oxygen and blood B. stores urine for later removal C. removes water from waste matter D. digests and absorbs nutrients from food

Department of Mathematics and Science

Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1

3. Which answer best describes the purpose of the muscles in the human body?

A. to protect tissues and form bloodB. to remove and use nutrients from foodC. to produce movement and provide supportD. to combine blood and oxygen needed for

movement

Department of Mathematics and Science

Florida Achieves: SC.5.L.14.1

4) Which part of the body protects organs, provides support, and forms blood cells?

A. the brain B. the heart C. the liver D. the skeleton

Department of Mathematics and Science

More Body Organ ResourcesPoems, Songs, Videos…

• http://quizlet.com/21351132/gr-5-human-body-organs-and-functions-flash-cards/• http://kidshealth.org/kid/htbw/htbw_main_page.html • http://kidshealth.org/kid/closet/movies/how_the_body_works_interim.html • http://www.bbc.co.uk/northernireland/schools/4_11/tykids/index.shtml • http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/podsmission/bones • http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/scienceclips/ages/9_10/keeping_healthy.shtml