human geography people and places. culture the total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared...
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Human GeographyHuman GeographyPeople and PlacesPeople and Places
CultureCulture
The total of knowledge, attitudes, The total of knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and and behaviors shared by and
passed on by the numbers of a passed on by the numbers of a specific group.specific group.
Put what you think makes up culture in this circle.
Food
Shelter
Religion
Language
Family Interaction
Music
Art
Dance Education
Government
CultureCulture
Food and ShelterFood and Shelter ReligionReligion Relationship to Relationship to
family and othersfamily and others LanguageLanguage
EducationEducation Security and Security and
ProtectionProtection Political and Social Political and Social
OrganizationOrganization Creative Creative
ExpressionExpression
Innovation
The gold miners wanted clothes that were strong and did not tear easily. In 1853, Leob Strauss started a wholesale business, supplying clothes. Strauss later changed his name from Leob to
Levi.
Cultural ExchangeCultural Exchange
DiffusionDuring WWII jeans were introduced to the world by American soldiers, who sometimes wore them when they were off duty. In the 1950's, denim became popular with young people. It was the symbol of the teenage rebel on T.V. and in movies. Some schools banned the wearing of jeans.
Acculturation
Different styles of jeans were made to match the 60's fashions. In many non-western countries, jeans became a symbol of “western decadence” and were very hard to get. In the summer of '99Tom Ford's feathered, beaded, beat-up, torn-knee Gucci blue jeans,
seen globally, sell out instantaneously at $3715 a pop.
There are between 3000 and There are between 3000 and 6500 different languages 6500 different languages
spoken in the world today!!!spoken in the world today!!! Chinese Chinese (937,132,000) (937,132,000) SpanishSpanish (332,000,000) (332,000,000) EnglishEnglish (322,000,000) (322,000,000) BengaliBengali (189,000,000) (189,000,000) Hindi/UrduHindi/Urdu (182,000,000) (182,000,000) ArabicArabic (174,950,000) (174,950,000) PortuguesePortuguese (170,000,000) (170,000,000) RussianRussian (170,000,000) (170,000,000) JapaneseJapanese (125,000,000) (125,000,000) GermanGerman (98,000,000) (98,000,000) FrenchFrench (79,572,000) (79,572,000)
Language TreeLanguage Tree
MonotheisticMonotheistic
1 God1 God
Christianity, Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Judaism, and Islam are examples.are examples.
PolytheisticPolytheistic
Belief in many Belief in many Gods.Gods.
Hinduism and Hinduism and ancient Greek and ancient Greek and Egyptian religions Egyptian religions are examples.are examples.
Animistic or TraditionalAnimistic or Traditional
Often a belief in Often a belief in the divine forces of the divine forces of nature.nature.
World ReligionsWorld Religions
Population TermsPopulation Terms BirthrateBirthrate – live births per 1000 – live births per 1000
population.population. Fertility RateFertility Rate – Average number of – Average number of
children a woman has.children a woman has. Mortality RateMortality Rate – Number of deaths – Number of deaths
per 1000 people.per 1000 people. Infant Mortality RateInfant Mortality Rate – Number of – Number of
deaths among infants under age of deaths among infants under age of one per 1000 live births.one per 1000 live births.
World Mortality RateWorld Mortality Rate
What happens when the What happens when the population gets too big?population gets too big?
Ask your parents this question when discussing your allowance.
“Will you give me $200 a month allowance or a penny on the first day of the month and double my total every day? (1 cent on day one, 2 cents on day two, 4 cents on day three, 8 cents on day four etc…)”
Which one would they choose? Which one would YOU choose?
Don’t you wish they would fall for that?! Or actually pay it!
This is why we went from 1 Billion This is why we went from 1 Billion people on the planet in 1804 to 2 people on the planet in 1804 to 2
Billion in 123 years (1927). However it Billion in 123 years (1927). However it only took 33 years to reach 3 Billion only took 33 years to reach 3 Billion
(1960).(1960).
From there it only took 39 years to get From there it only took 39 years to get to 6 Billion (1999).to 6 Billion (1999).
11 years later and we are at 11 years later and we are at 7 Billion!7 Billion!
Where is the Growth Happening?
Click to watch a brief Population Video.
Be patient. It takes a few seconds to load.
It will only take a few minutes to watch.
What do most of these 7 Billion look and act
like?
Don’t Believe that?Don’t Believe that?
Then check this out!Then check this out!
Poodwaddle World Clock
Urban GeographyUrban Geography
Study of how people use Study of how people use space in a city.space in a city.
Key termsKey terms The rise in the number of cities and the The rise in the number of cities and the
changes in lifestyle that result is called changes in lifestyle that result is called urbanizationurbanization..
City City – Areas with large populations that – Areas with large populations that are centers for business and culture.are centers for business and culture.
SuburbsSuburbs – Political units touching the – Political units touching the central city or another suburb.central city or another suburb.
ExurbsExurbs – Smaller cities or towns with open – Smaller cities or towns with open land between them and the central city.land between them and the central city.
Metropolitan AreaMetropolitan Area – When a city, suburbs, – When a city, suburbs, and exurbs link together economically.and exurbs link together economically.
MegalopolisMegalopolis – When multiple metro areas – When multiple metro areas overlap.overlap.
SIM City !!!!!SIM City !!!!! ResidentialResidential – single family housing – single family housing
and apartmentsand apartments IndustrialIndustrial – where goods are – where goods are
manufacturedmanufactured CommercialCommercial – where finished goods – where finished goods
are soldare soldThe core of a city is almost always based on commercial activity. This area of a city is called the central business district (CBD).
State – Independent unit that occupies a territory. Often we use the term “Country” instead of state.
Nation – Refers to a group of people with similar culture living within a territory.
Nation State – When a nation and a state occupy the same territory.
Stateless Nation – When a nation has no territory. Palestinians, Kurds, and Basques are examples.
Growing in NumberGrowing in Number
In 1900 there were only 57 countries.In 1900 there were only 57 countries.
In 2000 there were 192 countries.In 2000 there were 192 countries.
Today there are 195 countries.Today there are 195 countries.
What is the largest state / What is the largest state / country?country?
Russia with an area over 17 million square Russia with an area over 17 million square km ! km !
That is 1.8 times the size of the U.S..That is 1.8 times the size of the U.S..
What is the smallest state / What is the smallest state / country?country?
Vatican City (Holy See) has a area of .44 square Vatican City (Holy See) has a area of .44 square km.km.
That is less than 140 acres!That is less than 140 acres!
It is also It is also landlockedlandlocked. That means it is . That means it is surrounded by land with no direct access to the surrounded by land with no direct access to the sea.sea.
There are 195 Nation States. And that number is growing!
DemocracyDemocracy
Citizens hold the Citizens hold the power either power either directly or through directly or through elected elected representation.representation.
MonarchyMonarchy
A ruling family A ruling family headed by a king headed by a king or queen holds or queen holds political power and political power and may or may not may or may not share power with share power with citizen bodies.citizen bodies.
DictatorshipDictatorship
An individual or An individual or group holds complete group holds complete political power.political power.
North Korea’s Kim Jong Il
Cuba’s Castro
Chile’s PinochetRussia’s Stalin
HurricaneHurricane
Civil RightsCivil Rights
UnemploymentUnemployment
EpidemicEpidemic
EarthquakeEarthquake
FamineFamine
Rising Fuel PricesRising Fuel Prices
Health CareHealth Care
PovertyPoverty
Traditional EconomyTraditional Economy
Goods and Goods and services are services are traded traded without using without using money.money.
Market EconomyMarket Economy
Production of Production of goods and goods and services are services are determined determined by demand by demand from from consumers.consumers.
Command EconomyCommand Economy
Production of Production of goods and goods and services is services is determined by determined by the government. the government. Production does Production does not necessarily not necessarily reflect consumer reflect consumer demand.demand.
WHO AND WHY?WHO AND WHY?
Who Who makesmakes economic economic decisionsdecisions? ? Who Who ownsowns resources? resources? Who Who providesprovides goods and services? goods and services?
Why?Why?
Either ... or ...Either ... or ...
FREE MARKET FREE MARKET ECONOMYECONOMY
COMMAND ECONOMYCOMMAND ECONOMY
(PLANNED ECONOMY)(PLANNED ECONOMY)
WHOWHO
makes makes economic economic decisions?decisions?
WHY?WHY?
Either ... or ...Either ... or ...FREE MARKET FREE MARKET ECONOMYECONOMY
COMMAND ECONOMYCOMMAND ECONOMY
(PLANNED ECONOMY)(PLANNED ECONOMY)
WHOWHO
makes makes economieconomic c decisiondecisionss
The market: The market:
-supply and demand -supply and demand -sellers-buyerssellers-buyers-producers –producers –consumersconsumers
The stateThe state
WHY?WHY? -to allow competition and -to allow competition and thus make the economy thus make the economy more efficientmore efficient
↓↓
-to provide better quality -to provide better quality products at lower costsproducts at lower costs
-to redistribute wealth in -to redistribute wealth in the country more fairlythe country more fairly
-to care for public needs-to care for public needs
Group the following Group the following expressions:expressions:
government interferencegovernment interference privately-owned companiesprivately-owned companies market mechanismmarket mechanism market reliancemarket reliance state-owned companiesstate-owned companies central plannerscentral planners laissez-faire laissez-faire government-run businessgovernment-run business central planning systemcentral planning system privately-run companies privately-run companies government interventiongovernment intervention communismcommunism
PLANNED E.PLANNED E.vs. vs. MARKET MARKET E.E.
government government interferenceinterference
state-owned state-owned companiescompanies
central planningcentral planning government government
interventionintervention communismcommunism
marketmarket mechanismmechanism market market reliancereliance privately-ownedprivately-owned
companiescompanies privately-runprivately-run
companiescompanies laissez-fairelaissez-faire
... or both...... or both...
FREE MARKET FREE MARKET ECONOMYECONOMY
(FREE ENTERPRISE (FREE ENTERPRISE ECONOMY)ECONOMY)
COMMAND COMMAND ECONOMYECONOMY
(PLANNED (PLANNED ECONOMY)ECONOMY)
MIXED MIXED ECONOMYECONOMY
WHOWHO
makes makes economieconomic c decisiondecisionss
The market: The market:
-supply and demand -supply and demand -sellers-buyerssellers-buyers-producers –producers –consumersconsumers
The stateThe state Both the Both the market and market and the statethe state
WHYWHY -to allow competition -to allow competition and make the and make the economy more economy more efficientefficient
-to provide better -to provide better quality products at quality products at lower costslower costs
-to redistribute -to redistribute wealth in the wealth in the country more country more fairlyfairly
-to care for -to care for public needspublic needs
To benefit To benefit from both from both economic economic systemssystems
Identify the advantages and Identify the advantages and disadvantages of the market disadvantages of the market economy as opposed to the economy as opposed to the
command economycommand economy..FREE MARKET FREE MARKET ECONOMYECONOMY
COMMAND ECONOMYCOMMAND ECONOMY
(PLANNED ECONOMY)(PLANNED ECONOMY)
advantagesadvantages
disadvantagdisadvantageses
““The market has a keen ear for The market has a keen ear for private wants, and a deaf ear private wants, and a deaf ear
for public needs.” for public needs.”
((R. Heilbroner)R. Heilbroner)
Economic ActivitiesEconomic Activities PrimaryPrimary – – Gather raw materialsGather raw materials - - Pick CottonPick Cotton
SecondarySecondary – – Manufacture products Manufacture products – – Make into Make into textilestextiles
TertiaryTertiary – – Provide services Provide services – – Salesperson at Salesperson at storestore
QuarternaryQuarternary – – Provide info& managementProvide info& management –– Create Create disease resistant cotton plant.disease resistant cotton plant.
Natural ResourcesNatural Resources
RenewableRenewable – –
Replaced Replaced through natural through natural processes.processes.
Natural ResourcesNatural Resources
Non- Non- RenewableRenewable – – Can not be Can not be replaced once replaced once removed from removed from the ground.the ground.
Natural ResourceNatural Resource
Inexhaustible Inexhaustible Energy SourceEnergy Source – – Resources, used for Resources, used for producing power, producing power, that are the result that are the result of solar or planetary of solar or planetary processes and are processes and are unlimited in unlimited in quantity.quantity.
InfrastructureInfrastructure Support systems needed to keep an Support systems needed to keep an
economy going.economy going.
Power lines
Water Supply
Transportation Routes
Sanitation
Per Capita IncomePer Capita Income – Average amount – Average amount of money earned by a person.of money earned by a person.
GNP – Gross GNP – Gross National ProductNational Product – The value of – The value of goods produced by goods produced by a country, inside or a country, inside or outside of it’s outside of it’s boundaries.boundaries.
GDP – Gross GDP – Gross Domestic Domestic ProductProduct – The – The value of goods value of goods produced produced withinwithin a a country’s borders.country’s borders.