human organs of excretion - plainview€¦ · functions: 1. remove wastes of cellular metabolism...
TRANSCRIPT
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HUMAN ORGANS OF
EXCRETION
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LUNGSExcrete
carbon
dioxide and
water
These are the
wastes of
cellular
respiration
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LIVER Removes toxic
substances from
the blood
Disposes of
Hemoglobin – old
RBC’s are broken
down in the liver
and hemoglobin
is released
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LIVER
Disposal of
nitrogenous wastes
Breaks down excess
amino acids (from
protein digestion)
Forms the toxic
waste urea.
Urea is transported
to the kidneys by the
blood
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SKIN
The excretory structures of the skin are the sweat glands
The sweat glands are in contact with capillaries
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Water, salt and
some urea diffuse
from the blood into
the sweat gland
and are excreted as
perspiration
Perspiration acts to
regulate body
temperature by
removing excess
heat
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URINARY SYSTEM
Includes:
kidneys,
ureters,
urinary
bladder
urethra
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URINARY SYSTEM
The kidneys (2) are
bean shaped
organs ,
approximately
10 cm long and
are located
below the
diaphragm near
the back
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Kidneys have 2 main
functions:
1. Remove wastes
of cellular
metabolism form
the blood
2. They regulate the
amount of water
in the body.
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Blood vessels carry
blood to the
kidneys, where
wastes and other
dissolved
substances are
removed from the
blood
The wastes are
excreted from the
body and the useful
substances are
reabsorbed
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Kidney Structure
Kidneys consist of
microscopic
structures called
NEPHRONS.
Nephrons filter the
blood and clean out
WASTES
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The kidneys form URINE
Urine contains:
water
salt
urea
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URETERS
Tubes that
carry urine
from the
kidney to the
bladder
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URINARY BLADDER
Stores
urine
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URETHRATube that
carries urine
from the
bladder to
the outside
of the body
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LIVER Disposal of
nitrogenous wastes
Breaks down excess
amino acids (from
protein digestion)
Forms the toxic
waste urea.
Urea is
transported to the
kidneys by the
blood
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Malfunctions
Kidney Diseases:
Include various conditions in which the
kidneys are unable to properly excrete
nitrogenous wastes
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MALFUNCTIONS Kidney stones:
Substances crystalize out of the urine in the
urinary tract or in the kidney
Some pass out in the urine on their own
Some can be shattered with lasers or sound
waves
Some are surgically removed
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Treatments
Dialysis – can some
times be used to treat
various kidney
diseases
Kidney transplants
are also successful