Human Resource Management

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Overview

• Meaning of Human resource management

• Definition

• Objectives

• Functions

• importance

Why Name Human Resource Management?

• Human:- refers to the skilled workforce in the

organization.

• Resource:- refer to limited availability or scarce.

• Management:- refer to maximize or proper utilization and make best use of limited resource.

Altogether, the core purpose of HRM is to make efficient use of existing human resource in the organization.

The best example at present situation is, construction company has been facing serious shortage of skilled workforce.

every organization desire to have skilled and competent people to make their organization more effective than their competitors.

You must treat your employees with respect and dignity because in the most automated factory in the world, you need the power of human mind. That is what brings in innovation. If you want high quality mind to work for you, then you must protect the respect and dignity.

Meaning of Human Resource Management

• It is a process of bringing people and organization together so that the goals of each are met.

• It is the art of procuring, developing and maintaining competent workforce to achieve organizational goals efficiently.

• It is that part of management process which is concerned with the management of human resource in an organization

• HR is a function in organizations designed to maximize employee performance in service of their employer’s strategic objectives.

• HR is primarily concerned with how people are managed within organizations, focusing, policies and systems.

• HRM is the process of recruitment, selection of employees, providing proper orientation and induction, providing proper training and the developing skills, assessment of employee (performance of appraisal), providing proper

Compensation and benefits, motivating, maintaining proper relations with labor and with trade unions, maintaining employees safety, welfare and health by complying with labor laws of concern state or country.

Definition of human resource management

According to Invancevich and Glueck, “ human management is concerned with the most effective use of people to achieve organizational and individual goals.

OrHuman resource management is the planning, organizing, directing, and controlling of the procurement, development, compensation, integration, maintenance, and separation of human resources to the end that individual, organizational, and social objectives are accomplished.

Nature of human resource management

• Pervasive in nature:- HRM is present in all enterprises. It spreads through all the levels of management.

• Action-oriented:- HRM focuses attention on action, rather on record-keeping, written procedures or rules.

• People-oriented:- HRM is all about people at work, both as individuals and groups. It tries to put people on assigned jobs in order to produce good results.

• Development-oriented:- HRM intends to develop the full potential of employees. The reward structure is tuned to the needs of employees. Training is offered to sharpen and…

Improve their skills. Employees are rotated on various jobs so that they can gain their experience and exposure.Every attempt is made to use their talent fully in the service of organizational goals.

• Integrating mechanism:- HRM tries to build and maintain cordial relations between people working at various level in the organization.

• Challenging function:- managing human resource is a challenging job due to the dynamic and complex nature of people. Therefore it is necessary not only to manage people but administering a social system diplomatically.

• Continuous function:- HRM is not a one shoot deal. It requires constant alertness and awareness.

Objectives

1. To achieve the organizational goals and objectives.2. To ensure employee satisfaction at every level.3. To instill team spirit in employees.4. To explore employees capabilities for performing a given

job.5. To ensure maintaining the quality of work life.6. To keep the employees motivated.7. To ensure a positive environment of mutual trust and

understanding in the organization.8. To maintain high employees morale and sound human

relations by sustaining and improving the various conditions and facilities.

9. To strengthen and appreciate the human assets continuously by providing training and development programs.

Functions of HRMManagerial functions

1) Planning

2) Organizing

3) Staffing

4) Directing

5) Coordinating

6) controlling

Operational functions

1) Employment

2) Human resource development

3) Compensation

4) Human relations

Functions in detail

Managerial functions

• Planning:- it is the process of thinking before doing. Planning is a deciding stage that what is to be done exactly. Kit involves planning of human resource’s requirement, recruitment, training, etc. it also involves, forecasting of personal needs, set of programs, procedure to achieve goal.

• Organizing:- it is the process of arranging people and other resources to work together to accomplish a goal and it includes identification and grouping of work activities.

• Staffing:- people could be the dynamic elements of management so without proper sort of people things will remain immaterial. It involves communication and counseling.

• Directing:- it means telling people to do a particular work and ensures that they perform as per the directions. HRM is responsible for motivating, developing communication network, integrating disciplining and resolving grievances of workers and employees quickly and satisfactorily.

• Coordinating:- organizational objectives will be achieved only if group activities in the enterprise are coordinated effectively. Coordination of personnel is required at all levels of management. Personnel department coordinates the task of developing, interpreting, and reviewing personnel policies and programmes related to employees.

• Controlling:- HRM helps in maintaining proper discipline at shop floor, regulating attendances, ,leaves, wages, etc. and train and councils them on improving job performance and provides safety and health awareness.

Operational functions

Procurement functions :- it concern with the right kind and right number of people required to accomplishment the organizational objectives. It consist of the following activities :

Job analysis :- job analysis identify the nature of job and what type of people required to perform these job effectively. Job description and job specification are prepared with the help of information provided by job analysis.

Recruitment:- it is the process of identifying prospective employees, stimulating, encouraging them to apply for a particular job or jobs in the organization.

Selection:- it is the process of examining the applicants with regard to their suitability for the given job and choosing the best from the suitable candidates.

Human resource planning:- HRP is the process of estimating the present and future manpower requirements of the organization.

Placement:- the selected candidates are assigned to a specific job known as placement.

Orientation/induction:- it is the process of introducing new employees to an existing employees in an organization in their specific job and department.

Compensation functions:- provides appropriate remuneration to employees for their contribution to achieve organizational objectives. It consist of the following activities:

Job evaluation;-

Salary administration:- this function is to determine the salary structure for various jobs in the organization.

Development functions:- it is the process of improving the knowledge, skill and values of employees so that they can perform present and future job more effectively. The activities are as such:-

Performance appraisal:- it is a systematic evaluation of present potential capabilities of personnel. It is a process of collecting, analyzing and evaluating data relative to job behavior and results of individuals.

Training :- it is an organized procedure for improving the knowledge and skills of the employees for doing a particular job or for a definite purpose.

Carrier planning and development:- it involves the planning for the carrier of employees and implementing these plans. It is only possible through promotions and transfers.

Maintenance functions:- this function is concerned with promoting the physical and mental health of employees by providing various facility and social security.

Importance of human resource management

Social level

Professional level

Individual level

Corporate level

National level

Social level: proper management of personnel enhances their dignity by satisfying their social needs, this is done by:-

Making a balance between the jobs available and the job seekers, according to the qualification and needs.

Making maximum utilization of the resource in an effective manner and paying the employee a reasonable compensation in proportion to the contribution made by him.

Eliminating waste or improper use of human resource, through conservation of their normal energy and health.

By helping people to make their own decisions, that are in their interests.

Professional level:- by providing healthy working environment, it promotes teamwork in the employees. This is done by:-

Maintaining the dignity of the employees as a “human-being”.

Providing maximum opportunities for personnel development.

Providing healthy relationship between different workgroups so that work is effectively performed.

Improving the employee’s working skills and capacity.

Correcting the errors of wrong postings and proper re-allocations of work.

Individual level:- it can help the organization in accomplishing it goals by:-

Creating right attitude among the employees through effective motivation.

Utilizing effectively the available human resources.

Securing willing cooperation of the employees for achieving goals of the enterprise and fulfilling their own social and other psychological needs of recognition, love, affection, belongingness, esteem and self-actualization.

Corporate level :- HRM is useful in helping business organizations to attain it goals and objectives more efficiently and effectively in the following ways :

HRM ensures that business organization has a team of dedicated, competent employees.

HRM attracts as well as retains requisite talent through effective HR planning, recruitment, selection, placement, orientation, compensation, and promotion policies.

HRM develops requisite skills and correct attitude amongst the employees through employee training, development, performance appraisal, and other schemes.

National level:- HRM plays a very important role in the development of nation in following ways:

Efficient exploration and utilization of natural, physical, and financial resources of nation requires an efficient and committed workforce.

The level of economic development of nation is dependent on the skills, attitudes, and values of its human resource.

HRM helps to accelerate the process of economic growth.

HRM also helps in improving the standard of living and better employment.