ELEMENTS OF LITERATURE AND THE

COMBINED ARTS

Great Literary writers and poets

• WHAT IS LITERATURE?

According from the BSCE-2A artistic students…• Group 1:

• The production of a literary work.

• A writing of prose or verse

• It can be the body of writings.

• These are poetry, novels, fiction and non-fiction

• Nicholas sparks series, percy Jackson series, Odysseus, Vampire Hunter, greek gods, the Bible, Fifty Shades of Freed, El Filibusterismo, Noli Me tangere, Ibong adarna

• Group 2:

• Works of art that expresses feelings

• The product of creative imagination of the writers into artistic written works.

• Creative writings that recognize artistic works

• A written work of art used to entertain/inform.

• An application of art o written works such as poems,stories, essays,

• The creative use of words and power of feelings into meanings and into complete literary works.

• Noli me tangere, el filibusterismo, last song, the selection series, si nene ang batang mabait, the art of war, biag ni lam-ang.

According from the BSCE-2A artistic students…• Group 3:

• A written work

• A form of art

• All about expressing one’s emotion by doing art

• Expresses the beliefs of different cultures in a form of writing.

• It is a way of expressing one’s opinion on a certain subject.

• Guerilla is like a poet, new Yorker in tondo, paglilitis ni mang serapio,

• Group 4:

• Literature is a production of written works produce by an artist.

• The study of art in the form of written works.

• Romeo and Juliet, forbidden love conquers all, love has no distance

• Titanic, eternal love, age doesn’t matter, the passion of Christ, unconditional love, the parable of the good Samaritan, the parable of the prodigal son, cinderella

According from the BSCE-2A artistic students…

• Group 5:

• Used as a form of entertainment especially on the olden days.

• Hamlet

• The love story of Florante and Laura.

• The play of Ibong Adarna

• Making poems/literary pieces.

BSAT 2B expresses that:Group of The Beadle:

• Expressing the feelings and ideas through written works.

• Printed materials with deep and important feelings and emotions.

• Literature is full of different feelings.

• The Hobbit, Fallen, The Fault in our Stars, Les Miserables, Twighlight Saga, Disederata, Divergent

Group of Mr. Urbiztondo:

• Novels and poetry

• It is an art.

• Written works that provides information.

• Shows expressions and feelings.

• It can be an occupation.

• Inspirational.

• Shakespeare works, Pride and Prejudice, IF, Wuthering Heights,

BSAT 2B expresses that:Group of Lascano:

• They are spoken materials

• Written materials, poems

• Have lasting importance

• Provides information about something.

• Mulan, Cinderella, Les Miserables, romeo and Juliet, The fault in our stars, Percy Jackson, Fifty Shades Trilogy, Nicholas Sparks, Alamat, Hunger Games, Twilight.

Group of Suan:

• It is all about printed materials such as booklets, leaflets and brochures that provide information about something.

• Expression of feelings.

• Drama, poem, stories

• Florante at Laura, Ibong Adarna, Harry Potter, Breaking Dawn, vampire diaries, Percy Jackson, hunger games.

BSAT 2B expresses that:

Group of Opelenia:• A study of language• It can be fiction or non-fiction• Printed materials.• An expression of feelings and

emotions through writing and drama

• It can be published or non-published.

• Anabel lee• Juan Tamad• Little Red riding hood• The road not taken• The tiger• Ibong Adarna• Florante at Laura• The merchant of venice• The little prince• Tuwaang

What is LITERATURE?

• Literature is originated from the middle English; anglo-French and from Latin Litteratura, writing, grammar, learning, from Litteratus.

• AN ARTIST’S OBJECTIVES IN writing a literary piece:

• To strive in raising the reader’s humanity

• To accomplish the purpose of making one a better person, giving him a high sense of value

Important elements of literature:

•Emotional Appeal

•Intellectual Appeal

•Humanistic Value

Emotional Appeal:

•Attained when the reader is emotionally moved or

touched by any literary

work.

Intellectual appeal:

•Jose Rizal’s Noli me Tangere

and El Filibusterismo are good

examples. Both add knowledge

or information and remind the

reader of what he has

forgotten.

Humanistic value:

•Can be attained when the literary work makes the reader an improved

person with a better outlook in

life and with a clear

understanding of his/her inner

self.

•CLASSIFICATION OF LITERATURE:

CLASSIFICATION OF literature:

•ESCAPE LITERATURE

•INTERPRETATIVE LITERATURE

ESCAPE LITERATURE:

•Written for entertainment purposes, that is, to help

us pass the time in an

agreeable manner.

•PLEASURE.

INTERPRETATIVE LITERATURE:

•Written to sharpen and broaden our awareness of life.

•It takes us away from the real world and enables us to

temporarily forget our troubles.

•PLEASURE and UNDERSTANDING.

•USES OF LITERATURE:

uses OF literature:

•Moralizing literature

•Propaganda LITERATURE

•Psychological continuum of the individual-therapeutic value.

MORALIZING LITERATURE:

•Here, the purpose of literature is to present moral values for

the reader to understand and

appreciate; the moral may be

directly or indirectly stated.

PROPAGANDA LITERATURE:

•This kind of literature is found not only in history

books and marketing books but

also in some books describing

one’s personal success and

achievements in life.

Psychological continuum of the individual-therapeutic value:

•It could be looked on as a sophisticated modern elaboration

of the idea of catharsis – an

emotional relief experienced by

the reader thereby helping him

recover from a previous pent-up

emotion.

…poetry…

•ELEMENTS OF POETRY:

…poetry…

•Poetry is as universal as language and almost as

ancient. Among the types of

literature, poetry is the most

challenging.

…elements of poetry…

•DENOTATION/CONNOTATION

•IMAGERY

•FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE

•RHYTHM AND METER

•MEANING AND IDEA

DENOTATION/CONNOTATION:

•Denotation is the actual

meaning of a word derived from

the dictionary.

•Connotation is the related or

allied meanings of a word.

IMAGERY:

•This may be defined as the representation of sense experience

through language.

•Images are formed as we see, hear, taste, smell and touch; or we may

say that an image is the mental

duplication of sense impression.

FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE:

•The most commonly used and the most important of the figurative

language are the simile and

metaphor.

•Both are used as a means of comparing things that are

essentially unlike.

RHYTHM AND METER:

•Meter, in language, is the accents that are so arranged

as to occur at apparently

equal intervals of time.

Metrical language is called

verse.

MEANING AND IDEA:

•The meaning of a poem is the experience it expresses. Here,

we can distinguish between the

total meaning of a poem and

its prose meaning.

•ELEMENTS OF THE SHORTSTORY:

ELEMENTS OF the short story:

•PLOT

•Character

•Theme

•Symbol and irony

•Language and style

PLOT:

•It is the sequence of incidents or events of which a

story is composed. It might

consist merely of a sequence

of related actions.

Character:

•Most short stories involve only one character.

theme:

•It is the controlling idea or the central insight in a literary work.

It is the unifying generalization

about life stated or implied by the

story.

Symbol and irony:

•A literary symbol is something that means more than what it is.

It is an object, a person, a

situation, an action or some

other item that has a literal

meaning in the story but suggests

or represents other meanings as

well.

•VERBAL IRONY - A figure of

speech in which the opposite was

said from what is intended.

•DRAMATIC IRONY – contrast

between what a character says and

what the reader knows is true.

•IRONY OF SITUATION – discrepancy

between appearance and reality,

expectation and fulfillment,

between what is said and what

seems appropriate

Language and style:

•Language refers to the idiom used and how it is used. Style, refers

to the precise use of language,

both literary and figuratively.

•ELEMENTS OF THE essay:

ELEMENTS OF The essay:

•An essay is simply defined as a literary composition on a particular

subject. It is usually short and

expresses the author’s personal

thoughts, feelings, experiences, or

observations on a phase of life that

has interested him.

ELEMENTS OF the ESSAY:

•The issue introduced

•The writer’s viewpoint and thought

•The relevance of the issue to the life of the reader

•The issue introduced – This reflects

the actual purpose of the writer.

•The writer’s viewpoint and thought- The

final stand of the author, whether

he is for or against the discussed

issue.

•The relevance of the issue to the life of the reader – This refers to the reader’s

perception, responsiveness and

enjoyment of the theme.

•ELEMENTS OF THE novel:

ELEMENTS OF THE novel:

•The novel is particularly applicable to a long work of

prose fiction dealing with

characters, situations, and

scenes that represent those of

real life and setting and

action in the form of a plot.

ELEMENTS OF THE novel:

•Setting

•Plot

•Theme

•characters

setting:

•The setting of a novel covers the time, the place, and the

background. It involves not only

geography but also the entire

climate of beliefs, habits, and

values of a particular region and

historical period.

PLOT:

•The plot is the skeleton or framework which gives the shape

and proportion to the novel. It

can also be described as the

story itself, the actual events

or happenings in the novel.

Theme:

•It is the universal truth found in the novel, the main

idea or topic.

characters:

•They are the moving spirit of the novel.

•Characters involve two qualities; morality and

personality.

•ELEMENTS OF drama:

•Drama utilizes plot and character, develops a theme,

arouses emotion or appeals to

humor, and may be either escapist

or interpretative in its dealings

with life.

ELEMENTS OF Drama:

• Plot

• Character

• Thought

• Language

• Theme

• Climax/denouement

• Music and spectacle

• Costume and make up

• Scenery and lighting

•PLOT – the term used to mean

a summary of a play’s story.

It is the overall structure if

a play

•Character – must be shaped to

fit the needs of the plot. The

main character is called the

protagonist.

•Thought – thoughts include the

ideas and emotions implied by

the overall meaning of the

play, sometimes the theme.

•Language – a means of

expressing the character and

the thought dramatically.

•Theme – it is what the story means.

It may be directly or indirectly

stated.

•climax/denouement – the climax is the

scene or incident that is the

fruition of the accumulated

suspense, and that stirs the most

intense feelings or emotions.

Denouement is the working out of the

plot, following the climax.

•Music and spectacle – Spectacle

intensifies emotions.

•Costume and make up – Costumes

and make up worn by the

actors.

•Scenery and lighting – the

scenery suggests the scene.

Lighting varies with the

scene.