humanities: literary art.ppt
DESCRIPTION
Humanities: Literature Latin littera; letter the art of written works Literary translated: “acquaintance with letters” [“as in the “arts and letters”] Literature in its widest sense: Embraces all compositions in writing or print which preserve the *results of observation, *thought, or *fancy; but those upon the positive sciences are usually excluded. II.LITERARY GENRE: literary technique Tone Content LengthTRANSCRIPT
LITERARY
ART
I. DEFINITION:
Literature Latin littera; letter the art of written works
Literary translated: “acquaintance with
letters” [“as in the “arts and
letters”]
Literature in its widest sense:
Embraces all compositions in writing or print which preserve the *results of observation, *thought, or *fancy; but those upon the positive sciences are usually excluded.
English Literature
Philippine Literature
American Literature
German Literature
EVERY RACE HAS ITS OWN LITERATURE
For example
II.LITERARY GENRE:
a genre is a type; it is a category of literary composition
may be determined by: literary technique Tone Content Length
• novel •short story •novella
•novelette
Fiction
• essay •editorial• news story •feature story
Non Fiction
• verse •narrative poetry
• epic poetry •free verse
Poetry
• classical tragedy
•comedy
Drama
BASIC TYPES OF LITERATURE
Short Story
• -usually written in prose, often in narrative format
• Common length: 3,500-7,500 words
• -usually focuses on one incident, has a single plot, a single setting, a small number and covers a short period of time
• one should be able to read it in one sitting
• EDGAR ALLAN POE-considered the father of the short story
Novelette
• -a narrative fictional prose
• Common length: 7,500-17,500 words
• EXAMPLE:• “Moon Six”
by Stephen Baxter
Novella
•Is a narrative work of prose fiction somewhat longer than a short story but shorter than a novel.•Common length: 50-100 pages/ 17,000-40,000 words•A short form novel•EXAMPLE:• “Finding Cinderella”
Novel
• A fictitious prose narrative of considerable length and complexity, portraying characters and usually presenting a sequential organization of action and scenes
• Common length: 40,000+ Words
• Involves multiple major characters, sub-plots, conflicts and twists
• EXAMPLES:• “The Lord of
the Rings”• “Harry Potter”• “The
Notebook”
FICTION
Created from the imagination, not presented as fact, though it may be based on true
story or situation
Latin: ficti o “the act of making, fashioning, molding”
FORMS OF SHORT STORY
-Functioned as a sort of parable, a brief realistic narrative that embodies a point- Short story about an interesting or funny event or occurence
Anecdote
- A succinct story, with deeper meaning used to illustrate a moral or spiritual lesson AESOPearliest known writer (Aesop’s Fables)
Parable
-a succinct story, in prose or verse, that features animals, mythical creatures, plants, inanimate objects, or forces of nature are anthromorphized and illustrates a moral lesson
Fable
NON FICTION this presentation may be accurate or not; that is it can give either true or a false account of the subject in question
Is an account, narrative, or representation of a subject which an author presents as fact
Travel books
User manua
ls
textbooks
photographs
essays Scientific papers
Biographies
blueprints
documen-
taries
histories
journals
Technical
documenta-tion
diagrams
Some journalis
mhistori
es
The term “essays” first applied to the self-reflective musings of Michael de Montaigne
Has the reputation to be the “Father” of this
literary form
The MEMOIR telling the story of an author’s life from the
author’s personal point of view
The EPISTLE Usually a formal, didactic, or elegant letter
Genres related to essay may include:
POETRY
Rely heavily on imagery, precise word choice, and metaphor
Is composition written in verse
May take the form of measures consisting of patterns of stresses (metric feet) or of patterns of different-length syllables
means “a little sound or song”14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme originating in Italy
Sonnet
has five lineswith a rhyme scheme of AABBAline lengths of 3,3,2,2,3 stressed syllables.less relevant towards nature
Limerick-traditional Haiku written in Japanese: relate to naturecontain onji (syllables)distributed over three lines in groups of five, seven, and fiveshould also have kigo- indicating a season
Haiku
Specific Forms:
Masterpieces
DRAMA
-comes from the Greek word meaning “action” (Classical Greek: drama ) which is derived
from “to do” (Classical Greek: drao)
-the specific mode of fiction represented in performance
Early modern Tragedy
Classical Athenian tragedy
-Greek: k o m o id i a
-Any humorous discourse generally intended to amuse, esp. in television, film, and stand up comedy
Comedy
--Ancient Greek: trag o idia,“he-goat-song
-based on human suffering
Tragedy
FORMS OF DRAMA
Contains variations on the elements of :
Surprise Incongruity Conflict Repetitiveness Effect of opposite
expectations
III.ELEMENTS OF LITERATURE:
ELEMENTS
CharacterSetting
Conflict
Theme
StructureForeshadowin
g
Diction
Point of View
Plot
A. Elements of Fiction and Drama
1. Plot Serial arrangement of
incidents, ideas or events. In LITERATURE, it compasses
all incidents and provides aesthetic pleasure
ESSENTIAL PARTS OF DRAMA:
a. Exposition - the introductory
material which gives the setting, creates the tone, presents the characters, and presents other facts necessary to understanding the story
b. Foreshadowing - the use of hints
and clues to suggest what will happen later in the story
c. Inciting Force - the event or
character that triggers the conflict
d. Conflict - the essence of
fiction. It creates plot
Four kinds:
Man versus - - -
Man, Nature, Society, or Self
e. Rising Action -a series of events
that builds from the conflict.
Begins from the inciting force and ends with the climax
f. Crisis -the conflict reaches a
turning point. At this point the opposing force in the story meet and conflict becomes most intense.
The crisis occurs before or at the same time as the climax
g. Climax -the result of the
crisis Is the high point of
the story for the reader
h. Falling Action -the events after
the climax which close the story
i. Resolution (Denouement) -Rounds out and
concludes the action
January 16, 2014
Prepared by: JM Pob
HUM 12:00-1:30 pm [T-Th]