HUMANITIES• Wednesday – Introduction to the Renaissance PowerPoint

• Thursday – Sub – reading activity

• Friday – Finish Renaissance notes – Renaissance visual arts and music examples

• Monday and Tuesday – Romeo and Juliet

• Wednesday – Library to type rough drafts (in the 21st as well for final drafts)

• Thursday – Discuss Romeo and Juliet – begin introduction to Baroque PowerPoint

• Friday – Baroque visual and music examples

• Monday – review Renaissance and Baroque visuals and music

• Tuesday – Renaissance and Baroque test

Renaissance Visual ArtRenaissance Visual Art

The Rise of HumanismThe Rise of Humanism

• The rediscovery of the culture of Ancient Greece & Rome.

• Belief that Man is the potential master of all things.

• Change of focus from the afterlife to the current life.

• Savonarola – “Bon-fire of the vanities”

• The rediscovery of the culture of Ancient Greece & Rome.

• Belief that Man is the potential master of all things.

• Change of focus from the afterlife to the current life.

• Savonarola – “Bon-fire of the vanities”

The Quest for VirtuThe Quest for Virtu

• Virtu ≠ Virtue• One who embraces skill in many fields,

exceptional intelligence, physical daring and courage, and whose actions display these characteristics

• “Renaissance Man”

• Virtu ≠ Virtue• One who embraces skill in many fields,

exceptional intelligence, physical daring and courage, and whose actions display these characteristics

• “Renaissance Man”

TechnologyTechnology

• 1440s – Moveable Type Printing– Decreased illiteracy – people read more than the Bible

• Gunpowder imported from China– End of Feudal Age.

• Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal)– Improved Compass & Astrolabe

• All discoveries influence the arts – people experience exotic cultures and more freedom

• 1440s – Moveable Type Printing– Decreased illiteracy – people read more than the Bible

• Gunpowder imported from China– End of Feudal Age.

• Prince Henry the Navigator (Portugal)– Improved Compass & Astrolabe

• All discoveries influence the arts – people experience exotic cultures and more freedom

Martin Luther &The ReformationMartin Luther &The Reformation

• Catholic Priests sold indulgences to absolve people of sins.

• Luther believed that faith alone led to salvation.

• 95 theses on the door of Castle Church (Schlosskirche).

• Catholic Priests sold indulgences to absolve people of sins.

• Luther believed that faith alone led to salvation.

• 95 theses on the door of Castle Church (Schlosskirche).

The Great Artists of the Renaissance

The Great Artists of the Renaissance

Leonardo da Vinci

& Michelangelo

Leonardo da Vinci

& Michelangelo

Da Vinci (1452-1519)Da Vinci (1452-1519)

• 1 of 15 children – grew up in a 3 room farmhouse

• Illegitimate and uneducated• Taught himself to speak Latin and to

be ambidextrous and to write backwards

• 1 of 15 children – grew up in a 3 room farmhouse

• Illegitimate and uneducated• Taught himself to speak Latin and to

be ambidextrous and to write backwards

FlorenceFlorence

• Moved to the city at 14• Apprenticed under Andrea Barochio• Works show love of nature (grew up in

the country)

• Moved to the city at 14• Apprenticed under Andrea Barochio• Works show love of nature (grew up in

the country)

PaintingPainting

• Preferred new idea of oil paint• Sfumato – light haze/foggy look• Chiaroscuro – play of light and

dark/shadow to create contrast and emphasis

• Preferred new idea of oil paint• Sfumato – light haze/foggy look• Chiaroscuro – play of light and

dark/shadow to create contrast and emphasis

InventivenessInventiveness

• Painting, sculpture, architecture, engineering, military science, botany, geology, anatomy, aerodynamics, and optics

• Science – weapons inventor, parachute, helicopter, Waterwheel

• Math – loved Geometry (triangles)• Planned to write a book on Anatomy but was never

able (dissected at least 30 people)

• Painting, sculpture, architecture, engineering, military science, botany, geology, anatomy, aerodynamics, and optics

• Science – weapons inventor, parachute, helicopter, Waterwheel

• Math – loved Geometry (triangles)• Planned to write a book on Anatomy but was never

able (dissected at least 30 people)

Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)

Michelangelo Buonarroti (1475-1564)

• Lived most of his life in Florence• Summoned to Medici house at 14• Studied the statuary in their gardens

• Lived most of his life in Florence• Summoned to Medici house at 14• Studied the statuary in their gardens

SculptureSculpture

• First great work in Rome – Pieta• The “giant” – David• Like Ancient Greeks and Romans, he

idealized beauty and perfect human form

• Contraposto – twisted shoulders while the hips remain frontal

• First great work in Rome – Pieta• The “giant” – David• Like Ancient Greeks and Romans, he

idealized beauty and perfect human form

• Contraposto – twisted shoulders while the hips remain frontal

PaintingPainting

• Influenced by his sculpture• Humans feel 3-D• Looks more like a carving than

painting

• Influenced by his sculpture• Humans feel 3-D• Looks more like a carving than

painting

ArchitectureArchitecture

• Dome of Saint Peter’s Basilica of Rome

• Inspiration for the dome of our Capitol Building

• Dome of Saint Peter’s Basilica of Rome

• Inspiration for the dome of our Capitol Building

Renaissance MusicRenaissance Music

Music Before the RenaissanceMusic Before the Renaissance

• Music was strictly regulated by the church

• Instruments were very rare• Most songs were Gregorian Chant

• Music was strictly regulated by the church

• Instruments were very rare• Most songs were Gregorian Chant

PolyphonyPolyphony

• A musical texture consisting of two or more independent melodic voices.

• A musical texture consisting of two or more independent melodic voices.

Two Thoughts on PolyphonyTwo Thoughts on Polyphony

• Pope (Rome)– Obstructs words– Frivolous– Associated with

pagan rites– Clashing notes

labeled as evil

• Pope (Rome)– Obstructs words– Frivolous– Associated with

pagan rites– Clashing notes

labeled as evil

• Antipope (Avignon)

– Musical Innovation– Pleasing Sound

• Antipope (Avignon)

– Musical Innovation– Pleasing Sound

CounterpointCounterpoint

• the relationship between two or more voices that are independent in contour and rhythm, and interdependent in harmony

• Basically, it is how notes work together

• the relationship between two or more voices that are independent in contour and rhythm, and interdependent in harmony

• Basically, it is how notes work together

PalestrinaPalestrina

• One of the most famous composers of the 16th century.

• His music was the perfect example of Renaissance Counterpoint

• “Sicut Cervus” – “As the Heart”

• One of the most famous composers of the 16th century.

• His music was the perfect example of Renaissance Counterpoint

• “Sicut Cervus” – “As the Heart”

Secular Music!Secular Music!

• Music performed outside of the church• Most popular – Madrigals• Fa, la, la!

• Music performed outside of the church• Most popular – Madrigals• Fa, la, la!

Renaissance TheatreRenaissance Theatre

Commedia Dell’arteCommedia Dell’arte

• Italian Renaissance• Whose Line is it Anyway• Touring groups• Used characters instantly recognizable to era audiences• Had basic plot outlines/improvised dialogue/used costumes, masks,

and movements that made their character recognizable• Stock characters – stereotypical characters

• Italian Renaissance• Whose Line is it Anyway• Touring groups• Used characters instantly recognizable to era audiences• Had basic plot outlines/improvised dialogue/used costumes, masks,

and movements that made their character recognizable• Stock characters – stereotypical characters

Elizabethan TheatreElizabethan Theatre

• Late English Renaissance• Changes to theatre – love of language & poetry• Actors became professionals• Permanent theatre buildings (Globe)• William Shakespeare most notable playwright

• Late English Renaissance• Changes to theatre – love of language & poetry• Actors became professionals• Permanent theatre buildings (Globe)• William Shakespeare most notable playwright

William Shakespeare – The basicsWilliam Shakespeare – The basics

• Thought to be born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon

• Died April 23, 1616• Considered to be the best writer in

the English language• Surviving works: 38 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 long

narrative poems, and several other poems

• Thought to be born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon

• Died April 23, 1616• Considered to be the best writer in

the English language• Surviving works: 38 plays, 154 sonnets, 2 long

narrative poems, and several other poems

Shakespeare’s styleShakespeare’s style

• Blank Verse – Poetry with meter but no rhyme• Iambic Pentameter – 10 syllables to a line, every other

syllable stressed.• Double Entendre – A word or phrase with two meanings• Soliloquy – A speech made by a character to himself or

to the audience.

• Blank Verse – Poetry with meter but no rhyme• Iambic Pentameter – 10 syllables to a line, every other

syllable stressed.• Double Entendre – A word or phrase with two meanings• Soliloquy – A speech made by a character to himself or

to the audience.

The Globe theatreThe Globe theatre

• First theatre built by actors, for actors (important to the change in theater)

• Theatre where the majority of Shakespeare’s works were originally performed

• Exact size unknown – The original theatre burned down. It was replaced, and the replacement was destroyed to make room for housing

• First theatre built by actors, for actors (important to the change in theater)

• Theatre where the majority of Shakespeare’s works were originally performed

• Exact size unknown – The original theatre burned down. It was replaced, and the replacement was destroyed to make room for housing

The authorship debateThe authorship debate

• There are many who believe that William Shakespeare did not actually write any plays.• Other authors may be:

– Francis Bacon– Christopher Marlowe– William Stanley– Edward de Vere

• Reasons– No history– Will– Vocabulary 29,000 words– Commoner/education– William Shakspere

• There are many who believe that William Shakespeare did not actually write any plays.• Other authors may be:

– Francis Bacon– Christopher Marlowe– William Stanley– Edward de Vere

• Reasons– No history– Will– Vocabulary 29,000 words– Commoner/education– William Shakspere

Renaissance DanceRenaissance Dance

Dance in the CourtDance in the Court

• Invented by rulers, kings, and aristocrats for their entertainment

• Displayed social etiquette• Everyone was expected to learn to dance.• Fit both Ceremonial and Recreational

purposes.• Took both secular and religious meaning

• Invented by rulers, kings, and aristocrats for their entertainment

• Displayed social etiquette• Everyone was expected to learn to dance.• Fit both Ceremonial and Recreational

purposes.• Took both secular and religious meaning

Common DanceCommon Dance

• Less formal than court dance.• Fits both Ceremonial and Recreational

purposes.

• Less formal than court dance.• Fits both Ceremonial and Recreational

purposes.

Thoinot ArbeauThoinot Arbeau

• Wrote Orchésographie, a manual with detailed instructions for numerous styles of dance

• First use of dance tabulations, a significant innovation in dance notation

• Wrote Orchésographie, a manual with detailed instructions for numerous styles of dance

• First use of dance tabulations, a significant innovation in dance notation

5-6 sentence summary5-6 sentence summary