hv proj1 slides final

8/8/2019 Hv Proj1 Slides Final

1/17

For our Home sweet Home


2/17

Why Renewable Energy?

Green EnergyGradually decreasing fuel content ofThermal Power Plants

Natural source of Energy isinexhaustible, free of cost & easy toutilize


3/17

Alarming facts that are TRUEEnergy Requirement CO2 Emission

X2Around 2030,

energy requirement

will be doubled

2CO2 emission shall

have to be halved

by then

Hence GO GREEN"


4/17

Renewable Energy used in the project

Solar EnergyWind Energy

Devices used

Solar panels containing PV cellsVertical Axis Wind Turbine


5/17

How a Silicon-Based Solar Cell Works

A ositi e oleis left in t e electrons

lace

Lig t wit energy greater t an t e band ga energy of Siis absorbed

Energy is gi en to an electron in t e crystal lattice

The energy excites the electron; it is free to move

This separation ofelectrons and holescreates a voltage and acurrent


6/17

SunlightSolarPanel

D.C. Inverter A.C.

Sunlight to Electricity

We can use a battery for storing excess energyproduced during daytime, if required, and supplyduring evening and night.


7/17

Specifications of Solar Panels 1kW system consisting of 5 solar panels each

having a rating of200W. Each solar panel has an area of 8 sq.ft. Highly efficient poly-crystalline Si is used in

PV cell panels, which are framed in l.

Production CapacityD.C. to .C. Conversion efficiency=90%

Taking avg. peak hrs. of sunlight=3.63hrs per daytotal units generated per day=1x0.9x3.63=3.2kWh

vg. lifetime of solar panels is nearly 25-30 years.Hence total units generated in 25 years is

=3.2x30x12x25=29,400kWh=29.4MWh


8/17

Economical spects Taking an average energy rate of Rs.10 for 25 years,cost of 29,400 units=Rs.2,94,000.

The MNRE has been giving subsidy of 40% toencourage more usage of solar energy. Cost of an1

kW system including installation & otheraccessories =Rs.2,70,000.

Hence it is definitely money-saving as we still havenot calculated the losses incurred due to CO2

pollution in terms of money. Nearly1

kg of CO2 isproduced while generating 1unit of fossil-fuelledenergy.


9/17

WIND POWER - What is it?

The earth receives 1.74 x 1017watts of power (per hour)from the sun

bout one or 2 percent of this energy is convertedto wind energy

Differential heating of the earths surface andatmosphere induces vertical and horizontal air

currents that are affected by the earths rotationand contours of the land WIND.~ e.g.: Land Sea Breeze Cycle

All renewable energy (except tidal and geothermalpower), ultimately comes from the sun


10/17

Wind Turbines

There are mainly2 types of wind turbines:-1.Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine(HAWT)

2.Vertical AxisWind Turbine(VAWT)


11/17

In rooftop home-based application we prefer

VAWT due to some specific reasons:-

1.More total kWh power per Rs. spent comparedtoHAWT systems

2.Easy low cost installation

3.Silent or quiet operation

4.No expensive towers to buy that can actually costmore than the wind turbine itself.

5.It has lower cut-in speed than HAWT. Typically,they start creating electricity at a speed of 6mph.


12/17

Wind to Electricity

WindWindTurbine

Generator Electricity

The wind creates a torque which rotates the bladesof the wind turbine. The shaft coupledmechanically with the turbine also rotates, thusrotating the rotor of the generator. The generatorproduces electricity from mechanical input.


13/17

Wind Turbine Specifications

Technical Specifications Data

Rated Output 650W

Rated wind-speed 10.5m/s

Peak Output 750W

Cut-in Speed 2.7m/sPoles/RPM(50Hz) 10/600

Rotor diameter 2.2m/7ft

No. of blades 3

Swept Area 3.7sq.m/43sq.ft

Unit weight 21 kg

Voltages available 12/24/36/48 V

Warranty 2 years

Operating life-span 20 years


14/17

Production Capacity*The power in wind is

proportional to the cubicwind speed ( v^3 ).

WHY?

~ Kinetic energy of an airmass is proportional to v^2

~ Amount of air massmoving past a given point isproportional to windvelocity (v)

Per month total unitsgenerated taking intoaccount of capacity factorof 0.35, at an avg. wind-speed of 7.1m/s = 220 units

Hence total units produced during its lifetime ofoperation= 220*12*20 = 52,800 units


15/17

Economical Aspect

Standard market price of a 650W VAWT is nearabout Rs.32,500.The total cost including generatorand installation of turbine-generator set will bearound Rs.50,000. Maintenance cost per year is very

little, nearly1-2% of the total cost.

But the energy cost of52,800 units will beRs.5.28 lacs, taking an avg. of Rs.10 per unit

through20

years.

So it is very much economical & will pay backnearly from the 3rdyear itself.


16/17

Final Thought

y Argument that sun provides power only during the dayis countered by the fact that 70% of energy demand isduring daytime hours. At night, traditional methods

can be used to generate the electricity.y Wind power is more effective in coastal areas.y Goal is to decrease our dependence on fossil fuels.y Currently, 75% of our electrical power is generated by

coal-burning and nuclear power plants.y Mitigates the effects of acid rain, carbon dioxide, and

other impacts of burning coal and counters risksassociated with nuclear energy.

y pollution free, indefinitely sustainable.


17/17

hv proj1 slides final

Documents