hwh unit 7 chapter 11.1-11.2. constitutional monarchy house of lords appointed veto power over the...
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Constitutional Monarchy House of Lords Appointed Veto power over the House of Commons House of Commons Elected Less than 5% of the population could vote Wealthy land-owners Only Anglicans could vote Representation in Parliament Skewed toward the countryside New cities were not represented “Rotten Boroughs” Early Reforms 1820s: Catholics and non-Anglican Protestants get the right to voteTRANSCRIPT
HWH UNIT 7CHAPTER 11.1-11.2
Reform in Great Britain
Political Reform
Constitutional MonarchyHouse of Lords
AppointedVeto power over the House of Commons
House of CommonsElected
Less than 5% of the population could vote Wealthy land-owners Only Anglicans could vote
Representation in ParliamentSkewed toward the countryside
New cities were not represented “Rotten Boroughs”
Early Reforms1820s: Catholics and non-Anglican Protestants get the right
to vote
Democracy in Britain, 1815
The Reform Bill of 1832(The “Great Reform Bill”)
Expanded the vote by nearly 50%Still only property-
owning menGave more
representation to cities
Parliament’s attempt to curb revolutionary ideas
The Chartists (1838)The “People’s Charter”
Universal suffrage Annual calling of Parliament The Secret Ballot Salaries for MPs Abolition of property
qualification for MPsPresented three times to
Parliament (and rejected)Too radical
Britain moved slowly toward reform
The Charter being delivered to Parliament
English Politics In the Victorian EraLiberal Party
Middle ClassWilliam Gladstone
Anti-empirePro-Home Rule
Conservative PartyAristocratic Benjamin Disraeli
Pro-empire
Reforms 1850-1914Reform Bill of 1867 (urban workers)
ConservativesSecret Ballot, 1872Reform Bill of 1884 (rural farmers)
LiberalsParliament Act of 1911
Eliminated power of House of LordsSalaries for MPs, 1911
Social and Economic Reform
The Corn Laws (1815)Maintained high
prices of grain (“corn”)Parliament
represented only the upper and middle class
The Corn Laws disproportionately hurt the poorIncreased the price of
bread…
The Repeal of the Corn Laws, 1846The Anti-Corn Law League, 1845Real reason: the Potato Famine
The Mines Act of 1842Outlawed women and children under 10
years old working in mines
The Ten Hours Act, 1847Limited the work day to ten hours
Unions legalized, 1825Strikes legalized, 1870s
Revisionist Socialism in BritainThe Fabian Society (England, 1884)The Labour Party (England, 1906)
More Labor Reform
Women’s Suffrage
Emmeline Pankhurst
The Question of IrelandEnglish Control, 12th centuryCatholic vs. Protestant
Catholics had to pay tithes to the Church of England
English and Scottish absentee landlordsKingdom of Great Britain and Ireland (1801)The Irish Potato Famine (1845-49)
“Home Rule”1886: Defeated1893: Defeated1914: Passed
Ulster World War I
1916: Easter Rebellion1922: Irish Free State