Hyaluronic Acid

INGREDIENTSDoctor’s Best Hyaluronic Acid with Chondroitin Sulfate features BioCell Collagen®, a patented, award-winning ingredient derived from a naturally occurring matrix of constituents that is standardized to 20% Chondroitin Sulfate (CS) and 10% Hyaluronic Acid (HA), in addition to approximately 60% Collagen Type II. It is exceptional compared to other collagen-based ingredients due to its very low molecular weight, glycosaminoglycan con-tent, and other advantageous qualities not seen in simple collagen ingre-dients.

BioCell Collagen® is sourced from the sternal cartilage of chickens that are raised without hormones or steroids present in the poultry fee

BENEFITSBioCell Collagen® is hydrolyzed to low molecular weight compounds that increase the bioavailability and absorption of its components. In an absorption study of BioCell Collagen®, measurements revealed a gradual and significant increase of active total Hyaluronic Acid (HA) in the blood of test subjects after a single dose.1 In the same study, subjects taking BioCell Collagen® for 28 days maintained elevated blood levels of HA compared to initial levels.

The components of Doctor's Best Hyaluronic Acid with Chondroitin Sulfate are naturally found in human cartilage, and they have all been the topics of intense research in joint health over the past few decades. Collagen and hyaluronic acid are also vital structural components of skin that decline as we age, influencing our skin’s moisture, suppleness, and elasticity. BioCell Collagen® can help replenish the body’s natural supply of these components, which in turn can support healthy skin and joint function.

Hyaline Cartilage: Of Particular Interest As We AgeActing as an efficient load-bearing surface for our freely movable synovial joints, articular (or hyaline) cartilage becomes a point of concern as we age: As a part of normal physiology, the tensile properties of this cartilage begin to decline after about age 30.2 Many factors come into play when considering healthy mechanical function of this invaluable tissue, not the least of which is structural composition.3 Hyaline

* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Hyaluronic Acid 60C

Hyaluronic Acid 60T

cartilage is composed mainlyof water, proteoglycans, and collagen (primarily Type II collagen). Attached to the protein core of proteoglycans are the glycosaminoglycans keratan sulphate and chondroitin sulfate, which have the important function of binding large amounts of water to work against cartilage compression. The proteoglycans can bind to a hyaluronic acid backbone to form larger molecules, adding to the solid portion of articular cartilage—essentially a dense network of type II collagen fibers embedded in a highly concentrated matrix of aggregate proteoglycan molecules.

Supports Healthy Joint Structure and Function*Components of BioCell Collagen® (collagen type II, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid) can enhance the normal production of proteoglycans in the joint matrix, thereby enhancing healthy joint structure and helping to maintain joint health. In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study exploring the safety and effectiveness of BioCell Collagen® towards joint health, 16 subjects were enrolled to receive 2 grams of BioCell or placebo daily for 8 weeks.4 The subjects who were administered BioCell demonstrated significantly greater joint comfort, mobility, and quality of life over time, compared with placebo.

Collagen Type IIThe benefits of collagen type II in safely supporting healthy joint and skin function have been examined in both animal and clinical studies.5 A randomized controlled trial conducted on 60 volunteers found that oral administration of chicken collagen type II for 3 months led to a significant increase in healthy joint structure, as compared to no measurable improvement in the placebo group.6 In another double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 274 individuals were given collagen type II orally for 24 weeks. The supplement was shown to support healthy joint function, and no adverse effects were observed during this comprehensive clinical trial.7 Other studies have shown that hydrolyzed collagen provides a substantial advantage in bioavailability over non-hydrolyzed collagen, thereby having the potential to enhance healthy joint structure more efficiently.8

Chondroitin SulfateChondroitin has been extensively researched for its ability to help maintain joint structure and function. In a review of high quality studies that included 1,443 research volunteers, long-term administration of oral chondroitin sulfate promoted knee comfort and overall motility, while also proving to be safe and well tolerated.9 On a biochemical level, chondroitin sulfate is believed to supply building blocks for proteoglycan synthesis and to hinder matrix metalloproteases (MMP) that are key proteases capable of degrading a range of matrix components in cartilage.10 Although the methods of action are not yet fully understood, the positive effects of chondroitin sulfate on the chondrocytes (cartilage cells), synovial membranes, and subchondrial bone of joints have been demonstrated in research. The immunomodulatory effects in articular cartilage, such as inhibiting activation of the transcription factor NF-kB, appear to be a primary action by which chondroitin enhances joint comfort.11

Hyaluronic AcidHyaluronic Acid (HA) is a type of building block called a glycosaminoglycan, and it plays an important role in supporting the structural strength of healthy joints. Healthy joint maintenance is fundamental in normal skin and joint function. HA is highly concentrated in synovial fluid, where it serves to enhance joint lubrication and the elastic structural and functional characteristics of the joint. In 2007, a study with 98 participants determined that a healthy concentration of HA in synovial fluid is a strong indicator of joint health.12 Since the body’s supply of HA naturally decreases with age, Doctor's Best Hyaluronic Acid with Chondroitin Sulfate has been formulated to help maintain healthy HA levels, allowing for the extended maintenance of joints and skin. * These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration.

This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

Hyaluronic Acid 180C

Helps Maintain Youthful Skin*HA also plays an important role in maintaining the health and natural beauty of the skin. The compound enhances the structure and volume of the skin by promoting healthy connective tissues that interact with the skin. HA plays a direct role in the attraction and maintenance of moisture in the skin; as HA concentrations naturally decrease in the elderly, it may become difficult for the skin to retain moisture, leaving the skin dry and uncomfortable.13 Researchers have performed comparative measurements of hyaluronic acid levels in the skin of young and elderly individuals. Results indicate that there is a normal and progressive reduction in the number of hyaluronic acid granules in human skin with age—so much of a reduction, in fact, that a complete absence of these granules was seen in healthy individuals 60 years or older. These variations in HA levels with age may account for the decreased turgidity, wrinkled appearance, and altered elasticity of skin tissue.14 Recent in-vitro laboratory studies are now indicating that HA not only provides moisture retention and structural support to the skin, but also promotes cellular vitality. The results of one such study indicate that HA given to human epidermal (skin) cells induces cell signaling that promotes natural cell repair and tissue renewal.15

SAFETYBioCell Collagen® achieved GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) self-affirmation, meaning that a consensus on safety was reached by an independent expert panel of qualified scientists who carried out an extensive review of all available scientific safety data on this ingredient.

The BioCell Collagen® in Doctor's Best Hyaluronic Acid with Chondroitin Sulfate provides a safe, natural, standardized source of building blocks useful for maintaining joint structure and function, as well as promoting the integrity of healthy skin.

SCIENTIFIC REFERENCES

1. Judy, W., W. Stogsdill, and J. Judy, Product B - Peak absorptioncharacteristics and steady state bioavailability of product con-taining hyaluronic acid and chondroitin from BioCell CollagenII (patented hydrolyzed chicken sternum collagen type II com-pound), BioCell Technology. p. 1-22. Unpublished.

2. Poole, A.R., et al., Type II collagen degradation and its regulationin articular cartilage in osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis, 2002. 61Suppl 2: p. ii78-81.

3. Mansour, J., Biomechanics of Cartilage, in Kinesiology: The Me-chanics and Pathomechanics of Human Movement. 2004, Lip-pincott Williams & Wilkins: Baltimore. p. 14.

4. Pezzullo, J., et al., Statistical analysis report for study: BIO 0502.A double blind clinical evaluation of the efficacy of chicken ster-nal collagen type II (BioCell Collagen II) supplementation in adults with osteoarthritis. 2003, Georgetown University. p. 1-13. Un-published.

5. Schauss, A.G., et al., Acute and subchronic oral toxicity studies inrats of a hydrolyzed chicken sternal cartilage preparation. FoodChem Toxicol, 2007. 45(2): p. 315-21.

6. Trentham, D.E., et al., Effects of oral administration of type II col-lagen on rheumatoid arthritis. Science, 1993. 261(5129): p. 1727-30.

7. Barnett, M.L., et al., Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis with oraltype II collagen. Results of a multicenter, double-blind, place-bo-controlled trial. Arthritis Rheum, 1998. 41(2): p. 290-7.

8. Moskowitz, R.W., Role of collagen hydrolysate in bone and jointdisease. Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2000. 30(2): p. 87-99.

9. Uebelhart, D., Clinical review of chondroitin sulfate in osteoar-thritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 2008. 16 Suppl 3: p. S19-21.

10. Monfort, J., et al., Biochemical basis of the effect of chondroi-tin sulphate on osteoarthritis articular tissues. Ann Rheum Dis,2008. 67(6): p. 735-40.

11. du Souich, P., et al., Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatoryeffects of chondroitin sulphate. J Cell Mol Med, 2009. 13(8A): p.1451-63.

12. Turan, Y., et al., Serum hyaluronan levels in patients with kneeosteoarthritis. Clin Rheumatol, 2007. 26(8): p. 1293-8.

13. Beasley, K.L., M.A. Weiss, and R.A. Weiss, Hyaluronic acid fillers: a comprehensive review. Facial Plast Surg, 2009. 25(2): p. 86-94.

14. Ghersetich, I., et al., Hyaluronic acid in cutaneous intrinsic aging.Int J Dermatol, 1994. 33(2): p. 119-22.

15. Neuman, M.G., et al., Hyaluronic acid signals for repair in etha-nol-induced apoptosis in skin cells in vitro. Clin Biochem, 2010.

* These statements have not been evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.

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