hybrid conc. abstract

8/13/2019 Hybrid Conc. ABSTRACT

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;ig *-

Need For Hypo Slude U!"l"#$!"o%

&hile producing paper the %arious wastes are comes out from the %arious processes in paper

industries. ;rom the preliminary waste named as hypo sludge due to its low calcium is taken

out for our pro"ect to replace the cement utili$ation in concrete. 7ue to the cement

production green house gases are emitted in the atmosphere. ;or producing /million tones of

cement, they emit * million ton green house gases are emitted. Also, to reduce the

en%ironmental degradation, this sludge has been a%oided in mass le%el disposal in land. #o

eliminate the o$one layer depletion, production of cement becomes reduced. ;or this, the

hypo sludge is used as partial replacement in the concrete as high performance concrete. 6y

utili$ing this waste the strength will be increased and also cost reduction in the concrete is

achie%ed.


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O&'ECTI(ES

#o in%estigate the utili$ation of 3ypo 'ludge as 'upplementary 9ementitious ?aterials

'9?! and influence of these hypo sludge on the 'trength on concretes made with different

9ement replacement le%els

MATERIALS USEDCe)e%!

#he most common cement is used is ordinary Portland cement. #he #ype * is preferred

according to I'@ 1-*21, which is used for general concrete structures. 8ut of the total

production, ordinary Portland cement accounts for about B+-+ percent. ?any tests were

conducted to cement some of them are consistency tests, setting tests, soundness tests, etc.

Are$!e

Aggregates are the important constituents in concrete. #hey gi%e body to the concrete,

reduce shrinkage and effect economy. 8ne of the most important factors for producing

workable concrete is good gradation of aggregates. 4ood grading implies that a sample

fractions of aggregates in required proportion such that the sample contains minimum %oids.

'amples of the well graded aggregate containing minimum %oids require minimum paste to

fill up the %oids in the aggregates. ?inimum paste will mean less quantity of cement and less

water, which will further mean increased economy, higher strength, lower shrinkage and

greater durability.

Aggregate comprises about 00 of the %olume of mortar and about B0 %olume of mass

concrete. ?ortar contains of si$e of /.20 mm and concrete contains aggregate upto a

ma)imum si$e of *0+ mm.

Co$rse Are$!e#he fractions from B+ mm to /.20 mm are termed as coarse aggregate.

F"%e $re$!e

#hose fractions from /.20 mm to *0+ micron are termed as fine aggregate.

W$!er

&ater is an important ingredient of concrete as it actually participates in the chemical

reaction with cement. 'ince it helps to from the strength gi%ing cement gel, the quantity and

quality of water is required to be looked into %ery carefully.

Hypo Slude#he following tables shows the hypo sludge chemical properties and comparison between


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cement and hypo sludge.

T$*le + , Proper!"es o- R$w Hypo Slude

Sl.No Co%s!"u!e%! / Prese%! I% Hypo Slude

*. ?oisture 01.B

. ?agnesium o)ide ?g8! .

. 9alcium o)ide 9a8! /1./. >oss on ignescent 2.++

0. Acid insoluble **.*

1. 'ilica 'i8! .+

2.


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*. >ime9a8! 1 /1.

. 'ilica'i8!

. Alumina 0 .1

/. ?agnesium * .

0. 9alcium sulphate / /.+0

T$*le45 Se!!"% T")e -or 6e)e%! $%d Hypo Slude

Sl. No I%red"e%!s I%"!"$l 2)"%3 F"%$l2)"%3

*. 9ement C +hypo sludge + 1++

. 9ement C*+ hypo sludge * 0B

. 9ement C+ hypo sludge 02

/. 9ement C+ hypo sludge / 00

0. 9ement C/+ hypo sludge 1 0

1. 9ement C0+ hypo sludge 2 0

2. 9ement C 1+hypo sludge B 0*

B. 9ement C2+ hypo sludge /+ 0+

MI7 DESI8N:

! mi "#$grade was designed as per Indian %tandard method and the same was used toprepare the test samples. The design mi proportion is as follows

W$!er Ce)e%! F"%e Are$!e Co$rse Are$!e

6y weightkg! **.1 0/2./ /01.1 *00./20

6y %olume +.0 * +.B/ .

Mix Proportions

9on%entional 9oncrete D *@ +.B/ @ .

*+ replacement D +.@ +.B/@.

+ replacement D +.B+@+.B/@.

+ replacement- +.2+@+.B/@.

/+replacement D +.1+@+.B/@.

0+ replacement D +.0+@ +.B/@ .

1+ replacement D +./+@ +.B/@ .

2+ replacement D +.+@ +.B/@ .


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DETAILS OF THE E7PERIMENTAL STUDY

Co)press"9e s!re%! !es!

*0+ mm E *0+mm E *0+mm concrete cubes were casting using ?0 grade concrete.

'pecimens with ordinary Portland cement 8P9! and 8P9 replaced with hypo sludge at

*+, +, +, /+, 0+, 1+ and 2+ le%els were cast. 7uring casting the cubes were

mechanically %ibrated by using a table %ibrator. After / hours, the specimens were remo%edfrom the mould and sub"ected to water curing for */ and B days. After curing, the

specimens were tested for compressi%e strength using a calibrated compression testing

machine of +++k= capacity.

Spl"! !e%s"le s!re%! !es!

'plit tensile strength of concrete is usually found by testing plain concrete cylinders.

9ylinders of si$e *0+mm ) ++ mm were casting using ?0 grade concrete. 'pecimen with

8P9 and 8P9 replaced by hypo sludge at *+, +, +, /+, 0+, 1+ and 2+

replacement le%els were cast. 7uring moulding, the cylinders were mechanically %ibrated

using a table %ibrator. After / hours, the specimens were remo%ed from the mould and

sub"ected to water curing for B days. After curing, the specimens were tested for

compressi%e strength using a calibrated compression testing machine of +++k= capacity.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

T$*le 4; Co)press"9e S!re%! o- Cu*es $! ,5 D$ys

P$r!"$l

Repl$6e)e%! "%

/

Nu)*er o-

Spe6")e%

I%"!"$l Cr$6 Co)press"9e S!re%! o% Cu*es $! 0? D$ys

P$r!"$l

Repl$6e)e%! "%

/

Nu)*er o-

Spe6")e%

I%"!"$l Cr$6

hybrid conc. abstract

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