UrbanTo increase the grade of accessibility in the border regions of the European Union particular e�orts are necessary. Cumulative importance of sea corridors within the transportation system of European cargo and passenger �ows a�ect the role of the Lithuanian harbour city Klaipeda. The rapid growth of the harbour in the early �fties already caused the suppression of the city away from the coast. Ever since it fails to regenerate its urban qualities. The urban intervention through embedding three hybrid clusters reconstructs the compact city core. The new urban structure, tightly integrated into the existing road network, is linked together through new developed transportation systems, pedestrian and cycling roads and the expansion of the public transport services through a new water taxi line.

HYBRID HARBOUR

Diploma Project 2007 University of Stuttgart

Urban Expansion on the Curonian SpitHarbour Territory maintains

Urban Expansion on the Curonian SpitHarbour Territory maintains

A fusion of industrial and urban structures.An urban/industrial cooperation

Strategy -1-City Export

Strategy -2-Harbour Export

Strategy -3-Hybridisation

EU Members

SpatialTo stimulate the initiated dynamics in the urban systems the location of one of the hybrid clusters is decisive. The one, de�ned as the cooperation between infrastructure and culture, is positioned on the former area of the harbour, right next to the water. This iconic building will not only become a new cultural attraction of the city, but will also broach the issue of the arrival to it, while serving as an international ferry terminal. It is de�ned as a transportation node, whose form is generated through the circulation within the building. The �ow analysis of di�erent user groups, their acceleration, the working rhythm of both programmatic elements and the optimal placing of functions resulted in the formde�ning diagram - the triple node. The multifunctional building plugs into the existing transportation system through its terminal �oor. A new bus station, a taxi drop-o�, an access to the parking garage and a waiting zone for the departing vehicles are planned. It is possible toseparate the parts of the building in order to allow the maximum functionality of every space without burdening the whole system. The complexity of spatial geometries is the result of multiple functional and viewing connections. The spatial continuum is created through the binding of functional spaces, the art gallery, the event area and the transportation hub.

3

6

9

12

15

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

*

2007

*

Growth Rate Real GDP

* estimationssource eurostat

www.eurostat.eu

Lithuania average 7.5%

Average EU 2.5 %0

Goods

Oil/Gas/Goods

*Lithuania and the Baltic States are the Gateway between Europe and Russia Geographic/Strategic importance on the Border of EU economical �exibility

Urban Analysis

Analysis of the main urban axis

City appears to be not using the quality of the

water de�ning the former urban spread. The

connection to the peninsula appears to be lost.

Analysis of the urban carpet within the city center

The former urban system appears to be damaged

and dispersive. The city core looses its importance

in future growth of the city.

Main ViewportsDistribution of Strategical Objects

Resulting statement of the current urban situation

The city apears to be divided into two subcenters,

both de�ned by a big shopping mall. The situation

might cause further deurbanisation of the city core.

Current urban split into two sub-cores

Chosen proposal for a possible regeneration of the

main urban axis

In order to restore the urban network within the

city, an implemention of strong urban clusters is

proposed.

Proposed compact central core

Section Masterplan

Masterplan

-Cluster 2- Education + Production

-Cluster 1- Culture + Infrastructure

-Cluster 3- Living + Working

Re-Organized Network for Car-AccessRe-Organized Public Transportation

Establishment of a New Connection to the

Curonian Spit

Network of Padestrian Access

On hand of chosen

programmatic

parameters the

diagram reviews the

possible distribution

of di�erent functions

according to the grad

of publicity and the

tendency either to

cultural or

infrastructural part of

the building’s

programme.

Form giving diagram.

The interaction of

three main �ows

within the cluster is

translated into a

spatial volume.

The diagram veri�es

the di�erence

between the

circulation patterns of

diverse user groups.

The diagram

overviews di�erent

visitors’ amounts on

di�erent weekdays. It

provides the basis for

general survey of total

volume the

programme has to

cope with.

1.0

6.0

7.0

9.0

8.0

Site Programme

2.0 Open Air Stage

3.0 Entrance Ferry Terminal on Level --1-

Entrance Concert Hall on Level -1-

4.0 Entrance Concert Hall / Art Centre

5.0 Visitors' Roof Terrace

6.0 Departure / Vehicles / Ferry Terminal

7.0 Arrival / Vehicles / Ferry Terminal

8.0 Arrival / Passengers /

9.0 Access Public Transport

Site Plan

Programme Diagrams

Triple Node Programmatic Dispersion Motion Schemes Visitors' Volume

- Cultural Route -

A connection between the

theatre and the music halls. Both

spaces interact through the foyer

passage. The route starts at the

eastern entry of the building and

stretches through both �oors

resulting as a common foyer

space for both halls and as a

connectivity corridor in case of a

- Art Route -

A route starting at the northern

entrance of the building and

connecting the exhibition and art

retail spaces, interacting with the

outside terrace and ending at the

eastern exit of the building.

- Touristic Route -

A route starting at the eastern

lower entrance of the building

connecting the taxi-drop o! and

the bus station to the ferry

terminal. Tightly interconnective

to the rest of the building

through the vertical short-cuts

and leading back to the terminal

through the retail spaces.

- Query Route -

A route starting at the eastern

entrance of the building passing

through the information boards

and ending at the western exit.

Passers’-by route.

Circulation of Diverse Users' Groups

Basement Floor

6 - Entrance area -

6.1 Car rent 141 sq m

6.2 Ticket O"ce 75.5 sq m

6.3 Sanitary area 23.8 sq m

6.4 Sanitary area 32 sq m

6.5 Building service 143 sq m

7 - Service area -

7.1 Cargo O"ce 198.8 sq m

7.2 Entry backstage 34.6 sq m

7.3 Backstage 466 sq m

7.4 Taxi Drop-O! 1655 sq m

7.5 Bus station 1655 sq m

7.6 Waiting zone 3953 sq m

3 - Gallery -

3.2 Exhibition area 258 sq m

8 - Waiting area -

8.1 Information desk 82 sq m

8.2 Waiting hall 420.5 sq m

8.3 Co!eeshop 93 sq m

8.4 Customs 195 sq m

8.5 Check-in/-out 176.7 sq m

8.6 Gate 1 / 2 168.8 sq m

9 - Service area Theatre hall -

9.1 Workshop 139.5 sq m

9.2 Stage mechanics 348.4 sq m

9.3 O"ce 124 sq m

9.4 Changing room 67.5 sq m

9.5 Storage 130.3 sq m

9.6 Sanitary area 20.3 sq m

9.7 Sanitary area 35.8 sq m

9.8 Sanitary area 32.5 sq m

Total Floor Area 5388 sq m

6.1

9.19.2

8.3

9.3

9.4

9.7

9.5

9.8

9.6

8.1

8.2

8.5

8.6

8.4

6.2

7.4

7.6

7.5

7.2

6.3

6.4

3.2

6.5

+1.20+/-0.00

7.37.1

3.3

5.1

5.6

5.2

5.3

5.4

5.5

5.7

4.1

4.24.3

4.4

4.5

+6.20

+6.20

+7.20

+11.70

+17.20

+17.20

+11.70

+14.20+1.20

3.1

1.3

2.1

2.2

Entrance area - 2 -

1.2

1.1

1.4

3.2

Second Floor

3 - Gallery -

3.3 Exhibition area 885 sq m

4 - Deck restaurant -

4.1 Kitchen 335 sq m

4.2 Sanitary area 10.2 sq m

4.3 Sanitary area 12.5 sq m

4.4 Bar area 43 sq m

4.5 Restaurant 300 sq m

5 - Entrance area -

5.1 Foyer 405 sq m

5.2 Wardrobe 39 sq m

5.3 Sanitary area 37.5 sq m

5.4 Sanitary area 40 sq m

5.5 Storage 12.2 sq m

5.6 Music hall 890 sq m

5.7 Workshop room 350 sq m

Total !oor area 3361 sq m

First Floor

1 - Entrance area -

1.1 Wardrobe 50 sq m

1.2 Ticket o"ce 23 sq m

1.3 Restaurant 203 sq m

1.4 Foyer 165 sq m

2 - Entrance area -

2.1 Sanitary area 35 sq m

2.2 Sanitary area 26 sq m

3 - Gallery -

3.1 Museum shop 165 sq m

3.2 Exhibition area 605 sq m

Total !oor area 3361 sq m

Entrance area - 1 -

Scenario - 3 -

Biannual arts festival

Day 1

Opening Restaurant visitors’

deck

Day 2

Exhibition 1 Gallery

Workshop 1 Open air

Workshop 2 Visitors’ deck

Day 3

Awarding ceremony Outdoors

25.70

14.20

7.20

1.20

-3.80

13.80

7.20

Scenario -1 -

Festival of performative arts

Day 1

Opening and dinner Theatre

restaurant

Day 2

Event 1 Music Hall

Event 2 Theatre Hall

Day 3

Event 3 Music Hall

Event 4 Theatre Hall and foyer

Music hall

Theatre hall

Theatre restaurant

Scenario - 2 -

Jazz festival

Day 1

Opening Open air stage

Day 2

Workshop 1 Workshop rooms

Workshop 2 Workshop rooms

Concert 1 Music Hall

Concert 2 Open air stage

Day 3

Workshop 3 Theatre Hall

Final concert Open air stage

Music hall

Theatre hall

Theatre restaurant

Open air stage

Gallery

Restaurant

Visitors’ deck Gallery

Cross Section

Scenarios for Programmatic Flexibility

Model Photos

Opaque Concrete Shells

Translucent Lightweight Structure

Concrete Shells

Ramps and Slabs Stabilize the Shells

Cores on the Intersection Points of the Shells

Perforated Roof shells

Principal of Construction

Close-Up Section

Application of the Constructive Principal

+/- 0.00

-5.00

+ 5.00

+ 8.00

Sunstudy 19. July 12:00

Method of software based

generation of grid

geometry on a shell

Sunstudy 19. July 15:00

ecafrus no stniop dirg lluPdirG D2tnenopmoc dehsiniFRounded inlays simulating the bending

of metal sheets component whose all side lengths

are variable

in a component

Roof Structure

Light Accents

Switchable Elements

Elements in variable sizes

depending on the light

impact needed

On topview the dispersion of the light in the

building is segmented through a grid of diamond

shapes. The arrangement of light spots and the

stear th eorientation within the building. Spaces

with more light impact function as motion

attractors which lead users along their route to the

aiming points. Some of the other cavities as the

concert hall require switchable light elements.

These areas are indicated on the map.

In a following revision on a computer the

itersection points of the created grid are pulled

oonto the three dimensional shell. The interaction

between the chosen solar angle of 45 degrees and

the curvature of the shell generate an ideal

sunshade solution on every structural element.

The computer generated system is then being

evaluated and the irregularities within the shape

are being smoothened. Design aspects rewuire

manipulation of the height of each sttructural

element. While making several elements higher,

needed impact of the direct light can be

achieved.

Parametric Set-Up of the Roof Structure

Map of Light Distribution

Gutter

Steel sheet

Mounting bracketfor installations

Vacuum tubes

Bus system / electric supply

High-strength concrete

Insulation

Rubber seal

Welting

ETFE foil

RGBW lightingRevision opening

Reinforcement ribs

Switchable interlayer foil

Valve controlled by bus system

elements on a shell Placement of a single element on a grid

ConstructiveThe orientation within this spatial bundle is generated through light impacts. Light-�lled spots guide the user within the building. The lower opaque part of the building works as a system of three self-supporting concrete shells that are stabilized through connecting ramps and slabs. The lightweight perforated and translucent upper parts are formed out of roof shells, composed of triangular cells. The geometry of these cells is de�ned through sun-shading aspects as well as conscious de�ned light accents within the building. Changing height, decline and thickness of the slabs between the cells impacts light e�ects on every spot of the building. the gap between the triangular cells, manufactured out of steel sheets, is �lled with highly reinforced concrete. Every cell, covered with ETFE Foil, is a single cushion, stabilized through vacuumization.