08 October 2018

Catapult Open

Alessandro Modigliana | Emerging Technologies | Senior Systems Architect

Angelos Goulianos | Ubiquitous Connectivity | Senior Wireless Engineer

Hybrid Technology for Connected Vehicles

Catapult Open Agenda

• Challenges and Opportunities offered by Satellites

• Market Trend

• Key Enabling Technologies

• Hybrid Communication over 4G and 5G Networks

Catapult Open Challenges

Ubiquitous, high-speed connectivity for mobile users cannot be delivered by 4G/5G alone

• Coverage gaps

• Network Congestion

Examples:

• Vodafone UK LTE network:

1100TB/day across the UK

20M subscribers

Avg speed 5-10Mbps

• HTS satellite operator

54TB/day across the UK (5% of a single UK MNO)

1M subscribers

Avg speed 5-10Mbps

Catapult Open

4G/5G Small Cells Services 4G/5G Large Cell Services

Tethered LTA HAPS

Short-flight duration UASs Untethered LTA HAPS and HTA HAPS

Geostationary Satellites

Low Earth Orbit Satellites

Ubiquitous and Seamless Connectivity for Connected Vehicles

Catapult Open Satellite Market Opportunities

Satellite Communications has unique and complementary features wrt to Terrestrial Communications:

• Optimal for broadcast and multicast services

• Optimal for broadband in scarcely populated areas

• Satellite technology is becoming affordable and accessible to everybody

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Ava

ilab

le T

era

bit

s/se

con

ds

Global Satellite Capacity (NSR Source)

FSS GEO-HTS LEO-HTS

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

Pe

ak C

on

sum

ed

Te

rab

its/

seco

nd

Global Mobile Terrestrial Capacity (Cisco Source)

Catapult Open Trend in Mobile IP Newtorks

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4

“By 2025, 27.2% of automotive use cases will use satellite connectivity” Frost & Sullivan

CAGR

24.3%

2015 2016 2017 2022

Safety eCall/bCall Automatic collision Detection/ prevention Central danger warning more

Autonomous driving Distance/park/motorway assistant Distance/park/motorway pilot Traffic sign detection/recognition

Connected services Mobility/vehicle management Entertainment, Navigation more

Satellite-Vehicular Connectivity

Catapult Open Key Requirements for next generation satellite terminals

Flat panel with wide scan angle able to meet regulatory requirements

Low-cost and power efficient

Modular, upgradable, easy install and maintenance

Hybrid terrestrial-satellite, multi constellations and networks

Catapult Open Key Enabling Technologies

Mobile user terminal

• Electronically steerable antennas

• Compact & light

• Scalable design

• Consumer affordable (<500$)

Reconfigurable communications payload for micro

satellites

• High throughput, LEO payload

• Multi-beam for increased capacity

• Scalable design

• Multi-mission, multi-platform, multi-vendor

Digital Beam Forming Chip Ka-Band RF Chip

Core Module including: • SoC Satellite Modem • 4G/WIFI Chipsets • Comm Protocol Stack

To deliver high-speed, low-latency, affordable satellite connectivity on consumer-scale through:

INTEGRATED technology enabling connected cars

at affordable pricing

Catapult Open Key Terminal Enabling Technologies

AdvancedSoC SDRModem

DigitalBaseband Processing

RF Processing

(Mixers, PAs, LNAs)

AntennaArray

RF Chain Self-CalibrationAntenna Tracking

Power Efficiency and Management

Spectrum Regulatory

Advanced Antennas- Reconfigurable- Multiband- Wideband- New materials

Medium Access(TDD/FDD)

Multiple Beam

Fast Beam Steering

Beam Hopping

Feeding Network

DVB-S2X, DVB-RCS2

Thermal Management

Interference Management

Highly Integrated on Silicon

Reconfigurable and upgradable

Protocol Stack& Application

Processor

Hybrid Comms

Application Performance Enhancement

Enabling new services

LEO/MEO/GEOSupport

Wideband and Narrowband Services

New WaveformsQoS and Advanced Packet Scheduler

Catapult Open Antenna technology

Gai

n (

dB

i)

Scanning angle θ (Degree)

0

5

10

15

20

-90 -75 -60 -45 -30 -15 0 15 30 45 60 75 90

θ= -10 θ=10

θ= -40

θ= -60 θ=60

θ=40

Four-arm curl antenna

(Swansea University source)

X

Y

P1

P2

P4

ϕmax=210o

ϕmax=30o

ϕmax=120o

ϕmax=300o

8.12 dBic

P3

8.4 dBi

Catapult Open

Antenna array and Beamforming

Clk-HiF

Max 10dBm

Digital Beam-Former Chip

I,QI,Q I,Q

4-Arm CurlRx Antenna

4-Arm CurlRx Antenna

Switch Switch

Clk-HiF

I,Q

Clk-HiF

Max 10dBm

Clk-HiF

4-Arm CurlTx Antenna

4-Arm CurlTx Antenna

Switch Switch

I,Q

Max 10dBm

Max 10dBm

0-360°5-bit

0-360°5-bit

Digital Beam-Former Chip (Hybrid Mode)

I,Q

Clk-HiFClk-HiF

4-Arm CurlRx Antenna

4-Arm CurlRx Antenna

Switch Switch

4-Arm CurlTx Antenna

4-Arm CurlTx Antenna

Switch Switch

Patch antenna

Curl antenna

Catapult Open Key Terminal Enabling Technologies (cont’d)

Spectrum at PA out

Catapult Open Integration of Satellite with 4G Cellular Network

Satellite RAN

DVB Satellite Modem

4GTerrestrial Modem

BluetoothWired Ethernet

ModuleWIFI

Module

Protocol StackHierarchy

Cassis Terminal

(SDN)

MME

S-GW Internet

PSTN

Uu

S1

S1

P

S1

P-GW

SGi

SGi

EPC

HSS

S6E-UTRAN

eNB Pool

MME Pool

S-GW Pool

P-GW Pool

ePDGNon 3GPPuntrusted

SWu

S2b

MPLSGW

EdgeRouterDVB-S2X/DVB-RCS2

DVB-S2X/DVB-RCS2

SatelliteRAN

GatewayIMS

I S

SIPMgr

UE MCU Hands Free UE

Uu

eNB

LandlinePhone

Hybrid network connectivity through

the 4G EPC network

Satellite and 4G Terrestrial RAN

integrated separately over EPC

network

4G Core

Catapult Open Integration of Satellite with 5G Networks

5G NR (Rel. 16) will potentially

allow integration of Satellite

RAN within the core network

DVB Satellite Modem

5GTerrestrial

Modem

Protocol StackHierarchy

Cassis Terminal (SDN)

N2

N3

N6

5G CN

DVB-S2X/DVB-RCS2

DVB-S2X/DVB-RCS2

SatelliteRAN

SatelliteGateway

UE

5GRAN

UPFLocal GW

UPFCentralised

GW

AMS SMF PCFN11 N7

N2

N3UPF

Local GW

AMS

N11

N9

NG6

MECServices

CloudServices

N9

AFN5 IMS

Edge

Clo

ud AMS: Access and Mobility Mgmt Function

SMF: Session Mgmt

PCF: Policy Control Function

AF: Application Function

UPF: User Plane Function

AUSF: Authentication Server Function

UDM: Unified Data Mgmt Function

UDMSession

Data

AUSFSubscriber

Data

N10

N13

N12N8

N4

Catapult Open Conclusions

• SatCom can successfully complement terrestrial connectivity for ITS

• New wireless technologies can support low cost reliable communications

(beam-forming, FPA, energy efficiency)

• 3GPP gives ground for integration with 5G CN

• LEO satellites seems to fulfill reliability and cost-efficiency requirements

Catapult Open

Thank you!